- Dec 2020
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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10.1016/j.arr.2016.01.003
review paper?
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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GM volumes in these regions did not correlate to rumination.
gray matter volumes NSC with degree of rumination diagnosis: treatment-resistant depression structure: right ventral ACC
gray matter volumes NSC with degree of rumination diagnosis: treatment-resistant depression structure: left dorsal ACC
gray matter volumes NSC with degree of rumination diagnosis: treatment-resistant depression structure: cerebellar vermis
gray matter volumes NSC with degree of rumination diagnosis: treatment-resistant depression structure: right superior frontal gyrus
gray matter volumes NSC with degree of rumination diagnosis: treatment-resistant depression structure: right cerebellum Crus I
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whole-brain analysis revealed that rumination was positively correlated with the GM volume in the right superior temporal gyrus in TRD patients.
gray matter volume increases with degree of rumination diagnosis: treatment-resistant depression structure: right superior temporal gyrus
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TRD patients showed several regions with smaller GM volume than in healthy subjects: the left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right ventral ACC, right superior frontal gyrus, right cerebellum (Crus I), and cerebellar vermis.
gray matter volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> treatment-resistant depression) structure: ventral ACC subject matching: age and sex hemisphere: right
gray matter volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> treatment-resistant depression) structure: dorsal ACC subject matching: age and sex hemisphere: left
gray matter volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> treatment-resistant depression) structure: cerebellum vermis subject matching: age and sex
gray matter volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> treatment-resistant depression) structure: superior frontal gyrus subject matching: age and sex hemisphere: right
gray matter volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> treatment-resistant depression) structure: cerebellum Crus I subject matching: age and sex hemisphere: right
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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n this paper, we validate the brain boundary shift integral (BBSI) as a measure of brain atrophy and demonstrate its application in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
method study
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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There was evidence of acceleration in rates of ventricular enlargement in subjects with MCI (p = 0.001) and AD (p < 0.001), with rates estimated to increase by 0.27 mL/year2 (95% confidence interval 0.12, 0.43) and 0.88 mL/year2 (95% confidence interval 0.47, 1.29), respectively.
volume increases with age study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years diagnosis: AD effect size: 0.88 ml / year^2 (95% CI 0.47 - 1.29) structure: ventricles data source: ADNI
volume increases with age study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years diagnosis: MCI effect size: 0.27 ml / year^2 (95% CI 0.12 - 0.43) structure: ventricles data source: ADNI
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There was evidence that hippocampal atrophy rates in MCI subjects accelerate by 0.22%/year2 on average (p = 0.037)
atrophy rate increases with age diagnosis: MCI study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years data source: ADNI structure: hippocampus effect size: 0.22% / year^2
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We found no evidence of acceleration in whole-brain atrophy rates in any group.
atrophy rate NSC with age diagnosis: healthy control study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years structure: whole brain data source: ADNI
atrophy rate NSC with age diagnosis: MCI study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years structure: whole brain data source: ADNI
atrophy rate NSC with age diagnosis: AD study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years structure: whole brain data source: ADNI
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A post hoc analysis suggested that the acceleration of hippocampal loss in MCI subjects was mainly driven by the MCI subjects that were observed to progress to clinical AD within 3 years of baseline, with this group showing hippocampal atrophy rate acceleration of 0.50%/year2 (p = 0.003).
atrophy rate increases with age diagnosis: MCI who progress to clinical AD during study study time course: scan every 6 months for 3 years data source: ADNI structure: hippocampus effect size: 0.50% / year^2
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Depressed patients demonstrated smaller brain stem and cerebellar vermis than controls. These differences were highly significant for the anterior cerebellar vermis and medulla.
volume decreases with diagnosis (normal control -> major depression) structure: cerebellar vermis
volume decreases with diagnosis (normal control -> major depression) structure: medulla
volume decreases with diagnosis (normal control -> major depression) structure: anterior cerebellar vermis
volume decreases with diagnosis (normal control -> major depression) structure: brainstem
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There was also a striking age-related decline in midbrain size in depressed patients as well as in controls.
volume decreases with age diagnosis: normal control structure: midbrain
volume decreases with age diagnosis: major depression structure: midbrain
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Intracranial volumes significantly inversely correlated with left temporal ADC in patients with schizophrenia.
intracranial volume decreases with left temporal ADC diagnosis: schizophrenia
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Compared to controls, patients with schizophrenia had significantly smaller gray matter intracranium and total brain volumes, increased 4th ventricle volumes, and greater temporal and occipital ADCs.
volume increases with with diagnosis (normal control -> schizophrenia) structure: 4th ventricle
volume decreases with diagnosis (normal control -> schizophrenia) structure: total brain
ADC increases with with diagnosis (normal control -> schizophrenia) structure: occipital white matter
volume decreases with diagnosis (normal control -> schizophrenia) structure: intracranium
ADC increases with with diagnosis (normal control -> schizophrenia) structure: temporal white matter
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Patients treated with typical antipsychotic medication (N = 9) had significantly larger right lateral and 4th ventricles compared to those on atypical antipsychotic drugs.
volume increases with medication (atypical antipsychotic -> typical antipsychotic) structure: 4th ventricle
volume increases with medication (atypical antipsychotic -> typical antipsychotic) structure: right lateral ventricle
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Also, age correlated directly with right, left, and 3rd ventricle volumes and inversely with gray matter intracranium volumes in individuals with schizophrenia.
volume increases with age diagnosis: schizophrenia structure: 3rd ventricle
volume increases with age diagnosis: schizophrenia structure: left ventricle
volume increases with age diagnosis: schizophrenia structure: right ventricle
volume decreases with age diagnosis: schizophrenia structure: gray matter intracranium
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Rates of volume loss between the groups did not significantly differ.
volume loss rate NSC with diagnosis (non-dementia -> preclinical dementia) study time course: scan yearly for 4 years structure: hippocampus
volume loss rate NSC with diagnosis (non-dementia -> preclinical dementia) study time course: scan yearly for 4 years structure: parahippocampus
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NoD as well as PreD subjects had significant, time-dependent decreases in hippocampal and parahippocampal volume.
volume decreases with time study timecourse: scan yearly for 4 years groups: non-demented and preclinical dementia structure: hippocampus
volume decreases with time study timecourse: scan yearly for 4 years groups: non-demented and preclinical dementia structure: parahippocampus
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PreD cases had significantly smaller hippocampi when asymptomatic. Parahippocampal volume did not differ between PreD and NoD cases.
volume decreases with diagnosis (non-dementia -> preclinical dementia) structure: hippocampus study timecourse: baseline scan of 4 year study
volume NSC with diagnosis (non-dementia -> preclinical dementia) structure: parahippocampus study timecourse: baseline scan of 4 year study
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Significant time-dependent temporal lobe atrophy was present only in PreD.
volume decreases with time group: preclinical dementia study timecourse: scan yearly for 4 years structure: temporal lobe
volume NSC with time group: nondementia study timecourse: scan yearly for 4 years structure: temporal lobe
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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For MCI and AD, prominent ventricular expansions were detected and we found that these patients had strongest hippocampal atrophy occurring at CA1 and strongest amygdala atrophy at the basolateral complex
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> MCI and AD) substructure: basolateral complex structure: amygdala
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> MCI and AD) substructure: CA1 structure: hippocampus
volume increases with diagnosis (healthy control -> MCI and AD) structure: ventricles
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Mild atrophy in basal ganglia structures was also detected in MCI and AD.
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> MCI and AD) structure: basal ganglia
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Stronger atrophy in the amygdala and hippocampus, and greater expansion in ventricles was observed in MCI converters, relative to those MCI who remained stable.
volume atrophy increases with diagnosis (MCI non-converter -> MCI converter to AD) structure: ventricles
volume atrophy increases with diagnosis (MCI non-converter -> MCI converter to AD) structure: hippocampus
volume atrophy increases with diagnosis (MCI non-converter -> MCI converter to AD) structure: amygdala
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Age was negatively correlated with putamen size in both groups.
volume decreases with age structure: putamen groups: healthy control and major depression
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Depressed patients had significantly smaller putamen nuclei compared with controls.
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> major depression) structure: putamen matching: age
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- Nov 2020
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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After controlling for shrinkage, strong correlations were found between magnetic resonance imaging and histological measurements for the hippocampus (r = 0.97, P < 0.001), hippocampus/subiculum (r = 0.95, P < 0.001) and hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus (r = 0.89, P < 0.001).
postmortem volume NSC with measurement method (MRI -> histology planimetry) structure: hippocampus/subiculum covariate: adjustment for shrinkage subjects: alzheimer's disease and elderly normal control
postmortem volume NSC with measurement method (MRI -> histology planimetry) structure: hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus covariate: adjustment for shrinkage subjects: alzheimer's disease and elderly normal control
postmortem volume NSC with measurement method (MRI -> histology planimetry) structure: hippocampus covariate: adjustment for shrinkage subjects: alzheimer's disease and elderly normal control
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Strong correlations between the magnetic resonance imaging subvolumes and neuronal counts were found for the hippocampus (r = 0.90, P < 0.001) and the hippocampus/subiculum subvolume (r = 0.84, P < 0.001).
postmortem volume NSC with measurement method (MRI -> histology neuronal count) structure: hippocampus/subiculum subjects: alzheimer's disease and elderly normal control covariate: adjustment for shrinkage
postmortem volume NSC with measurement method (MRI -> histology neuronal count) structure: hippocampus subjects: alzheimer's disease and elderly normal control covariate: adjustment for shrinkage
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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The volumes of left and right SGC in patients with mood disorders were significantly reduced relative to healthy control subjects (SDM -0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.67 to -0.1 and SDM -0.2, 95% CI -0.4 to -0.007, respectively)
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with mood disorders) hemisphere: left structure: subgenus cingulate study design: meta-analysis
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with mood disorders) hemisphere: right structure: subgenus cingulate study design: meta-analysis
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Patients with a positive family history of mood disorders showed significant left SGC volume decrease (SDM -0.52, 95% CI -0.96 to -0.07), which was not present among subjects without family history of mood disorders.
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with mood disorders) study design: meta-analysis structure: subgenus cingulate hemisphere: left subject subset: patients without positive family history of mood disorders
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with mood disorders) study design: meta-analysis structure: subgenus cingulate hemisphere: left subject subset: patients with positive family history of mood disorders
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There were significant SGC volume reductions in patients with unipolar (left SGC SDM -0.5, 95% CI -0.92 to -0.07; right SGC SDM -0.33, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.02,), but not bipolar, disorder.
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with unipolar disorder) hemisphere: left structure: subgenus cingulate study design: meta-analysis
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with bipolar disorder) hemisphere: left structure: subgenus cingulate study design: meta-analysis
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with bipolar disorder) hemisphere: right structure: subgenus cingulate study design: meta-analysis
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> patients with unipolar disorder) hemisphere: right structure: subgenus cingulate study design: meta-analysis
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There was no association between age and SGC volumes.
volume NSC with age structure: subgenual cingulate hemisphere: right subjects: healthy controls and patients with mood disorders
volume NSC with age structure: subgenual cingulate hemisphere: left subjects: healthy controls and patients with mood disorders
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Compared with controls, 46 depressed patients showed increased ventricular-brain ratio (VBR).
ventricular-brain ratio increases with diagnosis (control -> depression)
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Patients with poor outcome, single episode, onset at 50 years or over, or without melancholia were found to have greater VBR than controls.
ventricular-brain ratio increases with diagnosis (control -> depression) covariate: patients with poor outcome
ventricular-brain ratio increases with diagnosis (control -> depression) covariate: age of onset >= 50 years
ventricular-brain ratio increases with diagnosis (control -> depression) covariate: depression without melancholia
ventricular-brain ratio increases with diagnosis (control -> depression) covariate: single episode depression
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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For both the amygdala and hippocampal regions, we found an overall significant volume reduction in the BD compared with the control group (P<.0001)
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> BPD I) model: omnibus structure: amygdala and hippocampus age: adolescents and adults covariate: total brain volume, age, sex
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Amygdala volume reductions (15.6%) were highly significant (P<.0001). We observed a nonsignificant trend (P =.054) toward reductions in hippocampal volumes of lesser magnitude (5.3%).
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> BPD I) effect size: trend covariate: total brain volume, sex, age structure: hippocampus age: adolescents and adults
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> BPD I) covariate: total brain volume, sex, age structure: amygdala age: adolescents and adults
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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The mean (SD) rate of brain atrophy for the patients with AD was 2.37% (1.11%) per year, while in the control group it was 0.41% (0.47%) per year.
no group comparison
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Bipolar patients did not show significant differences in right or left hippocampus, temporal lobe gray matter, temporal lobe, or right amygdala volumes (analysis of covariance, age, gender, and ICV as covariates, p > .05) compared with healthy control subjects.
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: left structure: hippocampus
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: right structure: hippocampus
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: right structure: temporal lobe
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: left structure: temporal lobe
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: right structure: temporal gray matter
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: right structure: amygdala
volume NSC with diagnosis (healthy control -> diagnosis) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: left structure: temporal gray matter
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There was a trend to smaller left amygdala volumes in patients (mean volumes +/- SD = 1.58 +/- .42 mL) versus control subjects (1.83 +/- .4 mL; F = 3.87, df = 1,32, p = .06)
volume decreases with diagnosis (healthy control -> bipolar) covariates: age, gender, ICV hemisphere: left structure: amygdala
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Furthermore, there was a direct correlation between left amygdala volumes and age (r =. 50, p = .047) in patients, whereas in healthy controls there was an inverse correlation (r = -.48, p = .03).
volume increases with age structure: left amygdala diagnosis: bipolar
volume decreases with age structure: left amygdala diagnosis: healthy control
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- Jul 2020
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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There were no significant findings for control indices.
volume nsc with memory structure: orbitofrontal cortex denominator: total gray matter volume memory: prose covariate: age covariate: years education
volume nsc with memory structure: orbitofrontal cortex denominator: total gray matter volume memory: category fluency covariate: age covariate: years education
volume nsc with memory structure: orbitofrontal cortex denominator: total gray matter volume memory: Rey-Osterrieth Figure covariate: age covariate: years education
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Prose memory accounted for independent portions of volumetric variability within almost all regions.
volume increases with memory structure: hippocampus hemisphere: right denominator: total gray matter volume memory: prose covariate: category fluency covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: hippocampus hemisphere: left denominator: total gray matter volume memory: prose covariate: category fluency covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: perirhinal cortex hemisphere: right denominator: total gray matter volume memory: prose covariate: category fluency covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: perirhinal cortex hemisphere: left denominator: total gray matter volume memory: prose covariate: category fluency covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: entorhinal cortex hemisphere: left denominator: total gray matter volume memory: prose covariate: category fluency covariate: age covariate: years education
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Category fluency accounted for independent portions of volumetric variability of left and right hippocampus and left perirhinal cortex in addition to the predictive strength of the Rey-Osterrieth Figure, and for an independent portion of volumetric variability in the left hippocampus in addition to the predictive strength of prose memory.
volume increases with memory structure: hippocampus hemisphere: left denominator: total gray matter volume memory: category fluency covariate: Rey-Osterreith Figure memory covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: hippocampus hemisphere: right denominator: total gray matter volume memory: category fluency covariate: Rey-Osterreith Figure memory covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: perirhinal cortex hemisphere: left denominator: total gray matter volume memory: category fluency covariate: Rey-Osterreith Figure memory covariate: age covariate: years education
volume increases with memory structure: hippocampus hemisphere: left denominator: total gray matter volume memory: category fluency covariate: prose memory covariate: age covariate: years education
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RESULTS
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- Mar 2016
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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Significant diagnostic differences were seen in the left and right cerebral volumes in interaction with sex (right: F3,93 = 2.9, P = .04; left: F3,93 = 3.1, P = .04). Post hoc comparisons showed that both bipolar groups (with and without psychosis) had significantly smaller left and right cerebral volumes than HCs; this difference was even more marked in the female BPD groups. The SZ group did not differ significantly from the other groups.
ID: RLCerebrumVol Model: Model2 Observation: BPwPsyStructuralVolumes Observation: BPwoPsyStructuralVolumes Observation: HCStructuralVolumes Observation: SZStructuralVolumes Software: JMP for Mac
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Significant diagnostic differences were seen in the left and right cerebral volumes in interaction with sex (right: F3,93 = 2.9, P = .04; left: F3,93 = 3.1, P = .04). Post hoc comparisons showed that both bipolar groups (with and without psychosis) had significantly smaller left and right cerebral volumes than HCs; this difference was even more marked in the female BPD groups. The SZ group did not differ significantly from the other groups.
ID: Model2 Variable: Diagnosis Variable: Sex Variable: Diagnosis+Sex Variable: Age Type: Linear model, ANCOVA, Tukey HSD
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