Case1874(T.C.) Female, 5yo diagnosis, Irish
CasePresentingHPOs HP:0010864, HP:0000939, HP:0002942, HP:0000766, HP:0000276, HP:0000275, HP:0000218, HP:0000689, HP:0002857, HP:0001166, HP:0001634, HP:0001263, HP:0000750, HP:0002240, HP:0002353
(Severe intellectual disability, Osteoporosis, Thoracic kyphosis, Sternal anomaly, Long face, Thin face, High palate, Malocclusion, Genu valgum, Arachnodactyly, Lens dislocation, Mitral valve prolapse, Delayed milestones, Speech delay, Enlarged liver, EEG abnormality)
HPOsFreeText Patient had severe intellectual disability. Her spine was normal, but long bones were osteoporotic. Upon exam at 5yo, she had mild kyphosis of upper thoracic spine, mild sternal depression, marked genu valgum, and arachnodactyly. Patient was also myopic with bilateral lens dislocation. She had prominent recurrent malar flush, long and thin face, high-arched palate, malocclusion and mitral valve prolapse.
(PMID: 20329304): Patient was born at term after normal pregnancy weighing 3.4kg. Normal neonatal course, but with delayed milestones. Speech at 5yo was monosyllabic , but verbal comprehension was good. No convulsions at this time. She had a palpable liver, 2cm below margin, but had normal consistence. She had an abnormal EEG with non-specific diffuse changes and excess slow-wave activity. Patient's IQ was 36.
CaseNotHPOs HP:0001250, HP:0002086, HP:0000707
(Seizures, Respiratory abnormality, Neurologic abnormality)
NotHPOsFreeText n/a
CasePreviousTesting Plasma homocysteine was 70μM pretreatment. Pyroxidine treatment reduced those levels to trace amounts. In patient fibroblasts, no CBS protein was detect on Western blot and CBS assay detected no activity. (PMID: 20329304): "Full hemogram, routine urine analysis, liver function tests, serum ion and iron-binding capacity, plasma magnesium, serum calcium, inorganic phosphate, fasting blood sugars, blood urea nitrogen, and bone marrow examination were all normal". Heavy homocysteine spot shown on chromatogram of urinary amino acids.
CaseMethod1 PCR
CaseMethod2 Sanger
CaseGenotypingMethod Created a bacteria expression system in E.coli by substituting one of three fragments of (PCR amplified)patient cDNA into WT CBS sequence already subcloned in expression plasmids. Bacteria were screened based on which ones did not have CBS activity. Those that did not have activity were thought to have LOF variants in CBS. Plasmids containing the inactivating fragments, ones cut with NcoI/XmaI, were sequenced.
Variant 1. NM_000071.2:c.233C>G (p.Pro78Arg);2. NM_000071.2:c.306G>C (p.Lys102Asn) - 1&2 in cis
ClinVar 1. 188988;2. 188989
gnomAD 1. MAF=0.0001631(Other), no homozygotes, 2. MAF=0.0001630(Other), no homozygotes
CaseAddInfo n/a
CasePMIDs 20329304