for:holistic medicine - example - oral microbiome and colon cancer, oral microbiome - colon cancer, bleeding gums - colon cancer, gingivitus - colon cancer, periodontitis - colon cancer, bloodstream translocation, complexity - example - human body - colon cancer - oral microbiome

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• colon cancer starts in the mouth!

references

• Oral-Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer: Inflammation and Immunosuppression (2022)

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8824753/
  • Abstract
    • It is widely recognized that microbial disorders are involved in the pathogenesis of many malignant tumors.
    • The oral and intestinal tract are two of the overriding microbial habitats in the human body. Although they are anatomically and physiologically continuous, belonging to the openings at both ends of the digestive tract, the oral and intestinal microbiome do not cross talk with each other due to a variety of reasons, including
      • intestinal microbial colonization resistance and
      • chemical barriers in the upper digestive tract.
    • However, this balance can be upset in certain circumstances, such as
      • disruption of colonization resistance of gut microbes,
      • intestinal inflammation, and
      • disruption of the digestive tract chemical barrier.
    • Evidence is now accruing to suggest that the oral microbiome can colonize the gut, leading to dysregulation of the gut microbes.
    • Furthermore, the oral-gut microbes create an
      • intestinal inflammatory and
      • immunosuppressive microenvironment
    • conducive to
      • tumorigenesis and
      • progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).
    • Here, we review
      • the oral to intestinal microbial transmission and
      • the inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironment, induced by oral-gut axis microbes in the gut.
    • A superior comprehension of the contribution of the oral-intestinal microbes to CRC provides new insights into the prevention and treatment of CRC in the future.

• Insights into oral microbiome and colorectal cancer – on the way of searching new perspectives (2023)

  • https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1159822/full
  • Abstract
    • Microbiome is a keystone polymicrobial community that coexist with human body in a beneficial relationship.
    • These microorganisms enable the human body to maintain homeostasis and take part in mechanisms of defense against infection and in the absorption of nutrients.
    • Even though microbiome is involved in physiologic processes that are beneficial to host health, it may also cause serious detrimental issues.
    • Additionally, it has been proven that bacteria can migrate to other human body compartments and colonize them even although significant structural differences with the area of origin exist.
    • Such migrations have been clearly observed when the causes of genesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been investigated.
    • It has been demonstrated that the oral microbiome is capable of penetrating into the large intestine and cause impairments leading to dysbiosis and stimulation of cancerogenic processes.
    • The main actors of such events seem to be oral pathogenic bacteria belonging to the red and orange complex (regarding classification of bacteria in the context of periodontal diseases), such as
      • Porphyromonas gingivalis and
      • Fusobacterium nucleatum respectively,
    • which are characterized by significant amount of cancerogenic virulence factors.
    • Further examination of oral microbiome and its impact on CRC may be crucial on early detection of this disease and would allow its use as a precise non-invasive biomarker.