7,137 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. for - article - LinkedIn - Has Language trapped humanity? - pre linguistic reality

      Summary - very interesting exploration of our pre linguistic life - We modern humans spend most of our lives in the symbolosphere. - It is so ubiquitous that we don't even know it's relative and not absolute, like fish that don't know there's such a thing as water - until they are pulled out of it - Feral children are the ones who have been pulled out of the ocean of language, but they suffer a fate that none of us, from our conditioned language perspective would want to suffer - So how do we, who are deeply conditioned into language look at our situation of being so deeply conditioned? Is there life after (and before) language?

    1. for - definition - city - definition degree of urbanization - UN Statistical Commission report 2020 - from - there are 10,000 cities on planet Earth - https://hyp.is/91Rx7LgAEfCT6ytaqg9C9Q/nextcity.org/urbanist-news/there-are-10000-cities-on-planet-earth-half-didnt-exist-40-years-ago

      summary - This 2020 report was commissioned by the UN Statisticial Commission to develop a robust, standardized definition of cities, towns and rural communities (villages) to aid in international comparison of human settlements

    2. Grid cell classification

      for - definition - degree of urbanization - definition - grid cell classification - definition - urban centre - definition - dense urban cluster - definition - semi-dense urban cluster - definition suburban or peri-urban cells - definition - rural cluster - definition - low density rural grid cells - definition - very low density rural grid cells

    1. for - definition - city - towns and cities - to - UN Statistical Commission Report - https://hyp.is/Y4mBcrgGEfCKeB-o1NPMjA/unstats.un.org/UNSDWebsite/statcom/session_52/documents/BG-4a-DEGURBA_Manual-E.pdf

      summary - A new definition of cities settles an outstanding ambiguity in urban planning - what is the definition of a city? - Defined as a location with minimum population of 50,000 and population density of 1,500 people / square kilometers, it turns out there are 10,000 cities on the planet, and 48% of humanity lives in cities. - 25% of humanity lives in towns, which are future cities

    2. new definition, which defines a city as a contiguous geographic area with at least 50,000 inhabitants at an average population density of 1,500 people per square kilometer

      for - definition - city - a geographic area with - at least 50,000 inhabitants - an average population density of 1,500 people/square kilometer - stats - 25% of people live in towns - 48 % of people live in cities - 25% of people live in villages - towns and cities

      • according to this new definition, which standardizes the definition of city that has, hitherto been quite varied, 48% of humanity lives in cities (2015)
    1. for - SRG Corporation2CO-OPeration program - worker-owned cooperatives - Apis & Heritage - inequality reduction - via worker-owned cooperatives

      summary - Apis & Heritage is a unique US private equity firm that has established an investment fund called "The Legacy Fund" which is used to facilitate Employee-Led BuyOut (ELBO). Studies show the enormous potential for reducing inequality and it is an issue that receives rare bipartisan political support in the US. The "Silver Tsunami" describes 3 million small business owners likely to retire in 2035. Together, their businesses account for $10 trillion in assets. Apis & Heritage helps faciliate a smooth transition for owners to sell to their employees, increasing their net worth by as much as 10x by the time they retire.

    2. Aspen Institute,

      for - stats - 2022 - US worker-owned cooperative potential - about 140,000 firms - employing around 33 million workers - would have been suitable candidates for ESOP employee buyouts, - nearly 1.1 million firms - employing over 25 million workers - [are] suitable candidates for cooperative employee buyouts. - Collectively, these firms accounted for roughly $25 trillion in total revenues. - Aspen Institute

    3. process

      for - Apis & Heritage Legacy Fund employee buyout process - Apis & Heritage values the enterprise and offers seller fair price for their life work - Once purchased, they transfer the company's assets to a trust - Using private debt capital, they finance a portion of that transaction. - The trust administers the ESOP - The seller has full liquidity upfront and can retire immediately, The Legacy Fund saves seller from having to manage the complex process of selling to employees. - ESOP is a retirement account for the new employee-owhers. - After 5 years, each employee become vested, with new share allocations made each year.based on wages as a percentage of total payroll - If value of business grows, so do employee share value. - When employee-owner is ready to retire, they sell back the shares based on current valuation - new employee-owners receive training from Democracy at Work Institute (DAWI) - The trust repays debt from initial transaction on behalf of the business to Apis & Heritage and its investors who make an attractive return -

    4. Legacy Fund

      for - definition - Legacy Fund - Apis & Heritage fund that converts small businesses to worker-owned cooperatives - identify well run businesses that can deliver financial returns via interest and principal repayment. - target businesses with low- and middle-income hourly workers in industries: - construction, - manufacturing, - in-home care - uplifting everyday, hardworking Americans. - Deliver - competitive, - risk-adjusted returns - with rates in the low- to mid-teens - that are comparable to traditional investments for this asset class.

  2. Oct 2025
    1. for - US Republican governance failure - blue states provide welfare to red states - youtube - Dave Pakman - blue states vs red states - The US survives Trump's mismanagement because the US is a welfare state in which the blue states, with far better social policies is forced to bail out the tax-friendly red states - The red states keep choosing the same dysfunctional policies, and keep having to get bailed out by the blue states - In this sense, the federal government is being exploited to keep red states doing the same thing

    1. I think that religious superiority, religious supremacy is in some ways just because of the numbers a bigger problem even than white supremacy

      for - quote - religious supremacy - religious is, in some ways, just because of the numbers a bigger problem than white supremacy - Jenny Gage

    1. That means four years of current emissions. If you go by Pierce Pierce Forc's recent paper, it's only about two and a half years of current emissions. If you look at the reduction rate here, these are global reduction rates. We'd have to bring emissions down at around about 20% every single year.

      for - stats - climate crisis - decarbonization - 2025 - 2.5 to 4 years of carbon budget remaining for 1.5 Deg C - 20% per annum decarbonization rate

    1. for - youtube - neuroscience - How the brain remembers and imagines - Donna Rose Addis - memory and imagination have the same basis

      summary - Donna Rose Addis is a pioneer in a field that connects past memories to future imagination - Her research has demonstrated that the same brain region, the Default Mode Network is responsible for simulations of past memories as well as future imagination - It is theorirized that episodic memory is reactivated and reorganized for creating future simulations

    2. Studies have shown that the default mode network is engaged by all kinds of autobiographical simulations so this includes

      for - examples - autobiographical simulations invoking past episodic memories for future (goal-seeking) - counterfactuals - reimagining the past to see how we could have done better - anterior hippocampus supports imagination of - detailed, coherent and novel events and encoding the simulation so we can recognize when the opportunity arises in the future - creative cognition - populations with memory impairments also suffer difficulty with future imagination - depression results in loss of specificity of memories

    1. for - paper - title - Mental Time Travel? A Neurocognitive Model of Event Simulation - author - Donna Rose Addis - adjacency - memory - imagination - the same - from - paper - https://hyp.is/0Fb6NqdjEfCyTTddI20_aQ/www.dovepress.com/memory-sleep-dreams-and-consciousness-a-perspective-based-on-the-memor-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NSS

      summary - memory and imagination are proposed as fundamentally the same process. - It is the ‘mental’ rendering of experience that is the most fundamental function of this simulation system enabling humans to - re-experience the past, - pre-experience the future, and - comprehend the complexities of the present.

    1. temporally extended, multimodal representations must be integrated within a unified subjectivity for experience to be coherent

      for - Memory Theory of Consciousness - MToC - definition - Memory Theory of Consciousness - temporally extended, multimodal representations - must be integrated within a unified subjectivity for experience to be coherent - unapack - MToC - unpack - Memory Theory of Consciousness - temporally extended, multimodal representations - multiple sense inputs associated with an event - We could think about it from the perspective of Thousand Brain Theory and cortical columns integrating sense inputs - Do these create memory structures? - Those memory structures must be salient to goal-seeking activity, especially for fitness and survival of the organism

      question - memory - evolution - goal-seeking - Is it possible that consciousness emerged early on in our species evolutionary history in the context of memories of multimodal sensory structures that help us achieve goal-seeking activity? - Then extra affordances of memory and consciousness could have evolved and diversified into a wide variety of non-traditional goal-seeking behaviors.

    2. for - paper - title - Memory, Sleep, Dreams, and Consciousness: A Perspective Based on the Memory Theory of Consciousness - author - Andrew E. Budson, Ken A Paller - adjacency - memories - sleep - dreams - Memory Theory of Consciousness - MToC

      summary - The authors present a theory of dreaming and sleep that I resonate with, that sleep is a time in which the brain performs unconscious processing of memories, consolidating them by taking advantage of consciousnesss down time to perform massive parallel processing to connect memories together. - dreams are seen as a small conscious byproduct of the massive parallel processing task, and their meaning may have value depending on how we interpret them.

    3. How can wake experiences be direct reflections of the sensory world at that moment while comparable dream experiences are created by the brain based on novel combinations of fragments of memories from the past? The answer must be that our experiences are always constructed by the brain; the very same processing that gives us dreams gives us waking experiences of reality.

      for - key insight - similarity of waking and dream state - How can - wake experiences be direct reflections of the sensory world at that moment while - comparable dream experiences are created by the brain based on novel combinations of fragments of memories from the past? - The answer must be that our experiences are always constructed by the brain; the very same processing that - gives us dreams - gives us waking experiences of reality. - In other words, our brains do not need incoming sensory input to produce realistic experiences. - Our waking experiences are the way that they are - not because of sensory input but - because of the functional capabilities of the human brain. -The MToC argues that the functional capability that produces our experience of reality, whether - we are awake - or asleep, - is the explicit memory system. - During sleep, we speculate that our brains are simply carrying on with functioning - akin to what happens when we are awake. - The typical modes of action of the human brain persist across wake and sleep. - While we are awake, our brains are producing a stream of experiences of being in the world, punctuated by thoughts. - While we are asleep, without the tremendous barrage of sensory input to constrain experience, perhaps our brains tend to return to these waking habits, - producing a stream of experiences in the world punctuated by thoughts.

    4. memory is critical for jumping around from one simulation to another or back to the context of the present moment, and to do so without disorientation.

      for - key insight - memory - memory is critical for - jumping around from one simulation to another or - jumping back to the context of the present moment, and to do so without disorientation.

    5. Thus, when I wake in the morning

      for - example - MToC - When I wake in the morning, it is memory that allows me to experience myself as the same person who went to bed the night before. - I can remember my past experiences and what they mean in the sense of a sequence defining my existence spreading out over time. - Episodic memory enables me to remember - why I set the alarm 30 minutes earlier than usual (a plane to catch) and - why I am wearing these ridiculous pajamas (packed the usual pair for the trip). - Semantic memory maintains my sense of self, including that I am - a professor, - a spouse, and - a parent. -The next morning, when I wake in a hotel room, - episodic memory enables me to recall - my arrival to the hotel, - the city I am in now, and - the face of my new grandchild that I saw yesterday for the first time.

    6. unpack this memory-consciousness connection

      for - adjacency - memory - consciousness -unpacking - memory - consciousness connection - The principal postulate of the MToC is that consciousness is a function of the explicit memory system. - The explicit memory system is not only required for explicit memory - it is also required for our ability to - consciously perceive the world around us, - understand what is happening, and - make conscious decisions that lead to actions. - Thanks to the explicit memory system, - sensory impressions can reach consciousness, and - we can think about what is happening in the world. - In the process of consciously perceiving the world, we rely on - working memory to - maintain and - manipulate the information, on - semantic memory to make sense of it, and on - episodic memory - to relate the current situation - to prior episodes and - to understand the current context.

    7. MToC emphasizes that it is bottom-up sensory memories and top-down episodic and semantic memories that lead to conscious perceptual experiences.

      for - MToC emphasizes - bottom-up sensory memory - top-down episodic and semantic memories - lead to conscious perceptual experience

    8. binding the elements of an experience together, thus creating the stream of consciousness and allowing for memories of experiences to be stored and later retrieved.

      for - adjacency - MToC - binding - memory storage - retrieval

    9. From a memory perspective, sleep can be understood as critically important for normal memory function, given the lasting ramifications of consolidation.

      for - key insight - paraphrase - adjacency - memory consolidation - sleep - massive unconscious parallel processing - From a memory perspective, - sleep can be understood as critically important for normal memory function, - given the lasting ramifications of consolidation. - Consolidation is the establishment of new connections - anchoring recent memories within relevant knowledge networks - While consolidation happens, some conscious experience (the dream) may be synthesized as the memory processing unfolds - Dreams reflect a storyline generated to make sense of a subset of activated memory fragments. - Consolidation that wires new connections happens across the entire cerebral context, without the constraints that come with conscious experience. - Unconscious processing during sleep takes advantage of massive parallel processing to connect all these thoughts together. - Dreams reflect a small portion of overnight memory consolidation work.

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    1. for - from - search - Google - how new words divide the world in new ways - https://hyp.is/55MHUKUxEfC-TAfy9q1VjA/www.google.com/search?q=how+new+words+divide+the+world+in+new+ways&oq=how+new+words+divide+the+world+in+new+ways&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOTIHCAEQIRigATIHCAIQIRigATIHCAMQIRigAdIBCDgwODFqMGo0qAIAsAIB&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

      • book review - The Language Animal
        • self awareness emerges out of intersubjectivity
        • like Melanie Klein
        • relationship is necessary to form self identity
        • culture and language are intertwingled
        • “The basic thesis of this book is that language can only be understood if we understand its constitutive role in human life.”
    1. These children taught me that tables do not exist. That anything does. And they did it every day with a simple game over and over and over. Of course, it works with anything. And I finally called that game "Let's destroy a table." (Laughter) Or "Let's destroy anything,"

      for - language - game - let's destroy anything - adjacency - game - let's destroy anything - Buddhist teachings on interdependent origination - this game reminds me of Buddhist teachings on interdependent origination - nothing really has an essential nature - if you try to look for it in its parts, you won't find it

    1. I think that some of the more complex high agency patterns from the space are behavioral propensities aka kinds of minds. I think that's what minds actually are is that they're they're actually the the the inhabitants of that of that space.

      for - quote - minds occupying platonic space - Michael Levin - I think that some of the more complex high agency patterns from the space are behavioral propensities - aka kinds of minds. - I think that's what minds actually are - they're actually the inhabitants of that of that space. - adjacency - claim - minds in Platonic space - spirituality - Michael Levin

    2. when were the computations done to make zenobots and anthrobots, there's never been any selection pressure to be a good anthropot or a good zenobot.

      for - adjacency - questioning evolution - xenobots - anthrobots - Michael Levin - Is Levin's lab experiements bringing evolution's primacy into question? Is there an even MORE fundamental foundation for life? - Is the platonic form more fundamental than evolution?

    3. I've been thinking about this stuff for decades, and I had not broached the topic of platonic patterns until until this year. And that's because I think it is now actionable.

      for - quote - platonic patterns are now actionable - Michael Levin - I've been thinking about this stuff for decades, and I had not broached the topic of platonic patterns until this year. - And that's because I think it is now actionable. - question - progress trap - moral questions and alarm bells? playing God? - Michael Levin

    4. that's a key part of this. You have to convince the material. This is not you. It it it you know there's ways that it will ignore you. If you do it wrong, it'll ignore you. So you have to be convincing

      for - interlevel communication - Michael Levin - What he's really saying is that we have to find the RIGHT LANGUAGE to speak to the agents at that different level - This is an important lesson for interlevel communication in social systems! - comparison - interlevel comm - cells vs societies

    5. the question is, why didn't that biochemical story get you to this discovery?

      for - quote - Michael Levin - what is a good story? - the question is: Why didn't that biochemical story get you to this (new) discovery? - adjacency - good models - predictive power - good story - a good model is a good language - new words frame the world in new ways, - it allows us to divide reality in different ways - and can lead us to look in places we otherwise might now - and that can lead to new observations

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    1. Platonic Space

      for - definition - Platonic Space - a structured, non-physical space of patterns, - such as the properties of mathematical objects, - perhaps other, higher-agency patterns that we detect as forms of - anatomy, - physiology, and - behavior - in the biosphere. - Thus, the contents of this space may inform (in-form) events in our physical world (constraining physics, and enabling biology).

    2. for - source - telegram channel - Michael Lennon - Forms of Life, forms of mind - Michael Levin and Hananel Hazan-led weekly symposium exploring platonic space - from - youtube - interview - Michael Levin - John Vervaeke - https://hyp.is/H727RKOrEfC5IAN-dmo5uw/www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwOJ9PWcPmo

    1. we don't tell the cells explicitly to uh contract or relax

      for - adjacency - inter level communication - environmental steering - this is very interesting (and obvious) but far from trivial. - adjacency - meditation - interlevel communication - enlightenment? - could we naturalistically frame meditation that leads to non dual awareness, or enlightenment - as being a way for higher level agents - to get in touch with / communicate with - lower level agents - in a multi-agent environment?

      question - could we interpret enlightenment as an ecosystem goal of intentional whole system environmental steering? This suggests a new term: - new definition - intentional whole system environmental steering - when environmental steering is intentional done at the highest level for the wellbeing of every level - The author uses the example of hunger as being a high level experience driven by lower level needs - This could qualify as an intentional whole system environmental steering so the term doesn't distinguishing enlightenment drive as anything special. We need some other distinguishing quality

    2. living beings are organized in hierarchical structure from cells up until ecosystem.

      for - multi-scale competency architecture - extend hierarchy of human body to society - continuation of levels - human being as cell in social superorganism - adjacency - multi-scale competency architecture - social superorganism

  3. Sep 2025
    1. for - consciousness, AI, Alex Gomez- Marin, neuroscience, hard problem of consciousness, nonmaterialism, materialism - progress trap - transhumanism - AI - war on conciousness

      Summary - Alex advocates - for a nonmaterialist perspective on consciousness and argues - that there is an urgency to educate the public on this perspective - due to the transhumanist agenda that could threaten the future of humanity - He argues that the problem of whether consciousness is best explained by materialism or not is central to resolving the threat posed by the direction AI takes - In this regard, he interprets that the very words that David Chalmers chose to articulate the Hard Problem of Consciousness reveals the assumption of a materialist reference frame. - He used a legal metaphor too illustrate his point: - When a lawyer poses three question "how did you kill that person" - the question is entrapping the accused . It already contains the assumption of guilt. - I would characterize his role as a scientist who practices authentic seeker of wisdom - will learn from a young child if they have something valuable to teach and - will help educate a senior if they have something to learn - The efficacy of timebinding depends on authenticity and is harmed by dogma

    2. people um are less in in suffering

      for - adjacency - suffering - compassion - Minhyur RInpoche talk in South Africa - synchronicity - Mingyur Rinpoche's talk today on the intertwingled triplet of awareness, compassion and wisdom and the myriad ways in which we want to lessen suffering - If we look, these ways of mitigating suffering are everrywhere - https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_GmQMZqtGU

    3. what's more valuable to society, to humanity? another paper that will make my CV look more shiny or that this person now has changed that. Or that a man comes after a conference and says,

      for - social impact of science - This kind of authentic science education that reaches people takes science out of its ivory tower - and makes it relevant to the masses - We probably wouldn't have a climate crisis if scientists had consistently reached out to lay people but we failed there and allowed climate denialists to promote their agenda with greater efficacy

    4. Everyone's probably wrong

      for - adjacency - everyone's probably wrong - Donald Hoffman - science says 0% about ultimate reality - See the recent Youtube podcast of Diary of a CEO - interview with Donald Hoffman, where - he consistently argues that all scientific models teach us 0% about ultimate reality - https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W0vTZrZny6A

    5. I don't see that education is going on in schools. I don't see that knowledge is being produced in universities. I don't see a lot of healing happening in hospitals. And I don't see a lot of food being sold in supermarkets

      for - quote - Alex Gomez-Marin - I don't see that education is going on in schools. - I don't see that knowledge is being produced in universities. - I don't see a lot of healing happening in hospitals. And - I don't see a lot of food being sold in supermarkets

      comment - we need to flip civilization - we do not live in a wellbeing civilization - one future alternative is commons-based, with tools such as the Indyweb, that can allow life-long learners to build up their own private store of information - individual, yet connected through interpersonal trust networks for social learning

    6. if there's a popular clamor like people really want to know so they'll be yelling at this priesthood and say shut the up you you're telling this this doesn't exist but we are thousands or millions now and and we really want some of you up there to investigate it. So I think that's a key role that media um can play today in an age where journalism is broken

      for - crowdsourcing science - via media and mass voting - Eric's media project