This occurs for the child processes, where the entry is still needed to allow the parent process to read its child's exit status: once the exit status is read via the wait system call, the zombie's entry is removed from the process table and it is said to be "reaped".

No, I am interested in gathering all of the optional, named Keyword Parameters into a hash. I am not trying to create a new options hash. I want a hash of {:name => val, :color => val, etc.}, which are named in the method signature.

that's right, we don't want to do params = { ... } because then we're hardcoding the implementation and it becomes very coupled. The benefit of doing it like in my examples is that you can change the method signature and still automatically capture all keyword parameters.

Let's examine why GitHub renamed the master branch to main branch and what effect it will have on developers.

We used testing tools that were in the same ecosystem as our backend technology stack for primrily three reasons: We owned both ends of the stack Team experience Interacting with the database