24 Matching Annotations
  1. Dec 2017
    1. Giving then a portion of their time to a finished knowledge of the latin and Greek, the rest might be appropriated to the modern languages, or to the commencement of the course of science, for which they should be destined.

      From this it is suggested that it is important to know Latin and Greek as a scholar in those times due to the large volumes of books that are still written in those languages and yet to be translated. It shows that in order to continue an education in the field of science one must also be able to understand the "language of science" which is often not English.

      Eric Yu

    2. To harmonize & promote the interests of agriculture, manufactures & commerce and by well informed views of political economy to give a free scope to the public industry.

      Manufacture and commerce is mentioned here. Today when we speak about college education these two are probably normal in conversation of a student studying things like business or engineering. Take note that agriculture is mentioned as well. It is not only mentioned but the first mentioned. This suggests that a lot more emphasis is put on agriculture by the society at the time and thus the importance of including it in higher education.

      Eric Yu

  2. Nov 2017
    1. In conformity with the principles of our constitution, which places all sects of religion on an equal footing, with the jealousies of the different sects in guarding that equality from encroachment & surprise, and with the sentiments of the legislature in favor of freedom of religion manifested on former occasions, we have proposed no professor of Divinity; and tho rather, as the proofs of the being of a god, the creator, preserver, & supreme ruler of the universe, the author of all the relations of morality, & of the laws & obligations these infer, will be within the province of the professor of ethics;

      In my ethical engagement, which is centered on the interpretations of the New Testament, my professor is well-versed in the book and the religion itself; however, she does an incredible job at teaching the class and leading discussions in an unbiased way. She does not impart her views on the religion -- because the University is public and strives to “place all sects of religion on an equal footing” (although this is not always carried out successfully). In my experience, I think that the University has consistently adhered to this section of the text.

    2. 5. What qualifications shall be required to entitle to entrance into the university, the arrangement of the days & hours of lecturing for the different schools, so as to facilitate to the students the circle of attendance on them: the establishment of periodical and public examinations, the premiums to be given for distinguished merit; whether honorary degrees shall be conferred; and by what appellations; whether the title to these shall depend on the time the candidate has been at the university, or, when nature has given a greater share of understanding, attention and application;

      It is interesting that specific qualifications and are not stated, because it makes it more difficult to compare the intellectual capacity of admitted students to the University when it was first founded and current applicants and admitted students. It mentions the “circle of attendance” which implies the emphasis placed on the organization of the University to maximize the students’ presence in each of their classes. This humorously foreshadows the phenomenon of “skipping classes” in college, whether intended or not, by meticulously scheduling lectures (especially in the context of the University’s size and layout at the time) to anticipate the problem.

  3. Oct 2017
    1. Chemistry, is meant, with its other usual branches, to comprehend the theory of Agriculture Mineralogy, in addition to its peculiar subjects is here understood to embrace what is real in Geology. Ideology is the doctrine of thought

      Similarly to the architecture and military courses, Chemistry is mixed along with the theory of Agriculture in order to promote practicality and applicability. Modern-Day chemistry teaches the basics of the atomic structure, simple compounds, and nomenclature. However, their definition of chemistry is heavily tied to the theory of Agriculture. Similarly to the military and architectural courses, chemistry courses are taught in order to support the health and wellbeing of US citizens. Such courses will allow students to better improve the living conditions of the United States. It is odd for the report to explicitly differentiate Mineralogy from Geology especially during their time of age. It can assume that Mineralogy was studied to research helpful minerals that would improve weaponry, alternative raw materials, and agriculture. As for ideology, it could be assumed that ideology was taught in order to share the ethics of UVA. This can be implied based on the UVA’s strict honor policy and how it teaches students the harsh punishment that could come from acts of dishonesty and disrespect.

    2. Projectiles, a leading branch of the Military art Military Architecture, includes Fortification, another branch of that art

      Architecture and Military are taught hand-in-hand in order to strengthen the military of the United States. Ever since the Revolutionary War and their received freedom from the oppressive British monarchies, the courses taught at the University of Virginia during the 19th century were more practical and applicable that would better support the powerhouse of the United States and its citizens. Those they named it as “art,” the Fortification course further supports the reason as to why Architecture and Fortification/Military goes together since it support the military strength of the United States and UVA. It is understandable to see how housing is not discussed in the courses. Upon experiencing the traumatic Revolutionary War, the protection and fortification of the country became first priority compared to ordinary interior designing and housing.

    3. A Professor is proposed for antient Languages, the Latin, Greek and Hebrew, particularly, but these Languages being the foundation common to all the Sciences

      I enjoy this part of the report because it displays how UVA really is an institution that is tied to the ideas of the past. It also shows how thinking was different then compared to now. First it ties the learning and teaching of the time to the ancient classics. Up until about this time most of the ideas in the world came from this time period a long time ago. It is around the time this document was made that learning started to shift to focus on the newer discoveries rather than relying on the old philosophers.

    4. Military Architecture, includes Fortification, another branch of that art

      I love this section of the report because it highlights the differences between then and today. Before, There was a clear need for people to be taught how to protect the country. At this point the nation was still new and there was a need for forts to protect the country from invasion. While it still may be important for people to know how to build forts today, it is not nearly as critical as it was for them in that time period.

    5. It is supposed probable that a building of somewhat more size in the middle of the grounds may be called for in time, in which may be rooms for religious worship under such impartial regulations as the visitors shall prescribe, for public examinations, for a Library, for the schools of music, drawing, and other associated purposes.

      It is amazing how many services they wanted to cram into one building but I guess back then it would have been seen as more efficient to put the examination room in the same multipurpose building. I also appreciate the freedom of religion aspect of the worship clause and how there is absolutely no bias towards the worship of any particular religion or sect of Christianity which was probably common at other universities of the time.

    6. To enable him to calculate for himself, and to express & preserve his ideas, his contracts & accounts in writing.

      It makes sense how important Jefferson believed writing was as he was a part of the team who wrote the first draft of the deceleration or independence and experienced the writing of the constitution first hand. He saw that writing was a key part in forming a country and knew it was essential that his students learn the skill in order to change the world.

    7. the same advantages to youths whose education may have been neglected untill too late to lay a foundation in the learned languages

      It is great that it is mentioned here the confirmed psychological study that ability to study language declines drastically over time

    8. the German now stands in a line with that of the most learned nations in richness of erudition and advance in the sciences

      This statement evoked some further thinking in me. I realized that United States at this time is a new country and this very quote implies it so. It says that German is a language that needs to be learned in order to learn from the most advanced knowledge from science and some other subjects. United States is still developing and learning from stronger and more advanced countries.

    9. Central college in the County of Albemarle

      Why was the central college already in Albermarle? I found online receipts of tax payments on the lands and slave laborers of the Central college. I also found Jefferson's bill calling for the creation of the Central college. Why did the central college come first? Why did Jefferson create the central college instead of just establishing a state university?

    10. To improve by reading, his morals and faculties.

      I find this line very interesting. It is stated that reading can improve your morals and faculties; while the latter is obviously true, the idea that reading can improve your morals is debatable. Reading more does not make someone a better person. Reading can make you more open to other ideas, which can be a very good thing, but this implies that reading can improve your morals, which is an odd statement. I wonder what books they would have considered to improve morals, and what books didn't make the cut. Actually, even more so, I wonder what kind of "morals" were being striven for.

    11. Chemistry, is meant, with its other usual branches, to comprehend the theory of Agriculture

      I find it very interesting that in this context, chemistry is only used to comprehend the theory of agriculture. It seems odd that, even though chemistry has so much more to offer and explore (such as Dalton's atomic theory in the beginning of the 1800s), Agriculture is the only thing mentioned. This was a time when there was so much about to be discovered but that seems to not be acknowledged even if UVA was to be a great place of education.

    12. We should be far too from the discouraging persuasion, that man is fixed, by the law of his nature, at a given point: that his improvement is a chimæra, and the hope delusive of rendering ourselves wiser, happier or better than our forefathers were. As well might it be urged that the wild & uncultivated tree, hitherto yielding sour & bitter fruit only, can never be made to yield better: yet we know that the grafting art implants a new tree on the savage stock, producing what is most estimable both in kind & degree. Education, in like manner engrafts a new man on the native stock, & improves what in his nature was vicious & perverse, into qualities of virtue and social worth

      Hearing Jefferson discuss the potential to create a “new man…into qualities of virtue and social worth,” despite whatever “wild & uncultivated tree” he might originally appear to be, reminds me of his contrasting words from Notes on the State of Virginia (1785). In the context of contrasting the natural state of white men and black, he states, “…the difference is fixed in nature…and this difference is of no importance? Is it not the foundation of a greater or less share of beauty in the two races?” and then later, “It is not their condition, then, but nature, which has produced the distinction” (Query 14). Though Jefferson claims to firmly believe that no man is fixed in his state of being, it cannot be overlooked that Jefferson’s belief was qualified by his own words. Though he is remembered as a believer in the potential “social worth” of each individual, he always fell short in grasping this idea completely; he never reached beyond the thinking that this was not the case for “those of colour.”

    13. To enable him to calculate for himself, and to express & preserve his ideas, his contracts & accounts in writing.

      The only pronoun in this is "he". This stresses how Jefferson and UVA had a college only In mind for men. I also was shocked at the "preserve" his ideas. I believe a huge part of college is not to preserve but to expand, get uncomfortable and learn about new things. I wonder why a person of Jeffersons intellect wouldn't encourage others to expand their ideas rather than preserve.

    14. It was the degree of centrality to the white population of the state which alone then constituted the important point of comparison between these places: and the board,

      I find this very interesting, but not surprising given the time period. This mentions how it was chosen based off of convenience to white people to get an education closer to them. I'm curious if this pertained to white women as well, because they are "white" but during this time most women weren't going to college. It's also interesting to see this school's more conservative roots, something that gets forgotten today. This expresses the white male dominance during this time, a southern conservative value that today really isn't shown at UVA.

    15. To give to every citizen the information he needs for the transaction of his own business.

      This phrase, especially the way it stands out on its own in this document, shows the emphasis that the founders of UVA wanted to have on entrepreneurship and the independence of its students during and after their time at the university. That being said, it's interesting that there aren't any explicit business classes or ones relating to economics (except for political economy). Most classes seem to point not toward individual businesses but more toward collaborative ones.

    16. with the sentiments of the legislature in favor of freedom of religion manifested on former occasions, we have proposed no professor of Divinity; and tho rather, as the proofs of the being of a god, the creator, preserver, & supreme ruler of the universe, the author of all the relations of morality, & of the laws & obligations these infer, will be within the province of the professor of ethics;

      This line in particular relates to the provided document in resources, "A Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom." That bill states "That to compel a man to furnish contributions of money for the propagation of opinions which he disbelieves and abhors, is sinful and tyrannical; that even the forcing him to support this or that teacher of his own religious persuasion, is depriving him of the comfortable liberty of giving his contributions to the particular pastor whose morals he would make his pattern, and whose powers he feels most persuasive to righteousness [...]" This discusses how wrong it is to force a religion onto others and it seems in The Rockfish Gap report that UVA was founded with the same principles in mind. I find the seemingly progressive and accepting view towards religion shocking in comparison to the clear racism throughout this report. Considering this, it seems clear that they aren't really in support of all religions but rather those associated with white people. I think what they really meant by "freedom of religion" is the freedom to choose between the different types of Christianity. However, Thomas Jefferson was a huge supporter of separating the church and state so maybe he was more accepting of other religions than I am giving him credit for.

    17. What, but education, has advanced us beyond the condition of our indigenous neighbours?

      Although it was stated earlier on, at the beginning of the paragraph that there were doubts regarding the university and whether education should really be encouraged, especially in the sciences and arts, similar to arguments made by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. However, the founders of the University were evidently of the opinion of the importance of public education for students in multiple areas of study, rather than just what their fathers were to teach them. Without as many people of this opinion in support of the foundation of the University it would have been more difficult to set up and once set up, possibly not as easy to keep running. Another point to notice is the reference to "indigenous neighbors" which, along with the following sentence, also shows the negative opinion of thee white male founders towards Native Americans.

    18. a professor and his family

      Right off the bat in only the third paragraph of the report there is this statement that narrows down the scope of professors to a single gender, male, by saying "his" family. Of course this is not really anything unusual during the time period, however, it's still quite noticeable how it is just assumed that the professors, and they do the same with students later in the document, will all be male. Today anything like this would be outrageous at a public university such as our University of Virginia.

  4. Sep 2017
    1. Astronomy

      I am questioning why Astronomy was determined to be one of the founding branches of study. Chemistry was studied in relation to its uses in agriculture, but what was astronomy practical for at this time? Wikipedia says that the analysis of elements in the sun, spectroscopy, was first done in 1814. link to wikipedia

    2. To these should be added the arts, which embellish life, dancing music & drawing; the last more especially, as an important part of military education. These innocent arts furnish amusement & happiness to those who, having time on their hands, might less inoffensively employ it; needing, at the same time, no regular incorporation with the institution, they may be left to accessory teachers, who will be paid by the individuals employing them; the university only providing proper apartments for their exercise.

      It's very interesting how the writers of this document see dancing, music, and drawing as hobbies that solely "furnish amusement and happiness" except when drawing is used for military use. They believe this so much so, in fact, that they will not even provide courses or professors for the arts, but only "proper apartments" in order to practice art. Further, they wanted to make the students pay an additional amount and find their own teachers in order to participate in the arts. Why would they build additional buildings for the arts but yet not provide any resources for further study of them?