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    1. Given the aforementioned differences in H3.1- and H3.3-K27M tumours, we next compared their clinical characteristics. We did not find any significant difference in terms of sex ratio (Fig. 5a), but found an earlier onset

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4654747 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the association of H3.1-K27M tumors with clinical characteristics and outcomes, indicating its role in defining and classifying the disease. Prognostic: The variant K27M is correlated with overall survival outcomes, with H3.1 mutations showing a better prognosis compared to H3.3 mutations, independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of H3.1-K27M tumors suggests that this somatic variant contributes to tumor development or progression, as it is associated with clinical characteristics and outcomes in cancer patients.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3021:K27M

      Genes: 3021

      Variants: K27M

    2. HIST1H3B K27M mutation is associated with a less aggressive behaviour in DIPG

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4654747 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The K27M mutation is associated with disease behavior, indicating a correlation with disease outcome, specifically suggesting a less aggressive behavior in DIPG. Diagnostic: The mention of the K27M mutation being associated with DIPG suggests its role in defining or classifying this specific disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3021:K27M

      Genes: 3021

      Variants: K27M

    1. Following the preclinical observation that significant tumor regression and prolonged survival were only observed in KRAS G12D models with p53 deficiency (KRASLSL-G12D/wt;p53flox/flox mice) compared to p53-intact models

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6549573 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The passage discusses the KRAS G12D variant in the context of tumor regression and survival in specific mouse models, indicating its role in tumor development or progression. Prognostic: The mention of prolonged survival in the context of the KRAS G12D variant suggests a correlation with disease outcome, independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12D

    1. To examine the effects of Ezh2Y641F on B-cell malignancy, we longitudinally observed a cohort of littermate CD19CRE/+Ezh2Y641F/+ and CD19CRE/+Ezh2+/+ animals. In contrast to results employing animals expressing Ezh2Y641F

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4899144 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The passage describes how the Ezh2Y641F variant contributes to the development of B-cell lymphoma in mice, indicating its role in tumor progression. Prognostic: The median survival of one year for mice with the Ezh2Y641F variant suggests a correlation with disease outcome, specifically survival, independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 2146:Y641F

      Genes: 2146

      Variants: Y641F

    1. Eleven tumors carried BAP1 point mutations, with four silent synonymous mutations and seven missense mutations with unknown significance (I643T, E30K, P629S, R417M, S143N (N = 2), L416F and R59W). It was not surprising t

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7074098 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of BAP1 mutations and copy number variations with overall survival in cutaneous melanoma (CM), indicating that certain alterations are associated with better survival outcomes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 8314:E30K 8314:I643T 8314:L416F 8314:P629S 8314:R417M 8314:R59W 6490:S143N

      Genes: 8314 6490

      Variants: E30K I643T L416F P629S R417M R59W S143N

    1. H3.3 mutational status and survival data were available for 39 DIPG patients, 27 of whom (69 %) carried the K27M-H3.3 mutation. The mean overall survival for patients with K27M-H3.3 mutated tumors was 0.73 years (+-0.48)

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3422615 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 12

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation between the K27M-H3.3 mutation and overall survival in DIPG patients, indicating that patients with this mutation have significantly worse survival outcomes compared to those with wild-type tumors. Diagnostic: The K27M-H3.3 mutation is associated with the classification of DIPG patients, as it is mentioned that 69% of the patients carried this mutation, which is relevant for defining their disease status.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3021:K27M

      Genes: 3021

      Variants: K27M

    2. Pediatric glioblastomas (GBM) including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are devastating brain tumors with no effective therapy. Here, we investigated clinical and biological impacts of histone H3.3 mutations. Fo

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3422615 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: K27M-H3.3 mutation defines clinically and biologically distinct subgroups in DIPG, indicating its use in classifying the disease. Prognostic: K27M-H3.3 is universally associated with short survival in DIPG, while patients wild-type for H3.3 show improved survival, indicating its correlation with disease outcome. Oncogenic: The K27M-H3.3 mutation contributes to tumor development or progression in pediatric glioblastomas, as indicated by its prevalence in DIPG and association with specific copy number changes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3021:G34V 3021:G34V/R 3021:K27M

      Genes: 3021

      Variants: G34V G34V/R K27M

    3. Pediatric glioblastomas (GBM) including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are devastating brain tumors with no effective therapy. Here, we investigated clinical and biological impacts of histone H3.3 mutations. Fo

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3422615 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: K27M-H3.3 mutation defines clinically and biologically distinct subgroups in DIPG, indicating its use in classifying the disease. Prognostic: K27M-H3.3 is universally associated with short survival in DIPG, while patients wild-type for H3.3 show improved survival, indicating its correlation with disease outcome. Oncogenic: The K27M-H3.3 mutation contributes to tumor development or progression in pediatric glioblastomas, as indicated by its prevalence in DIPG and association with specific copy number changes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3021:G34V 3021:G34V/R 3021:K27M

      Genes: 3021

      Variants: G34V G34V/R K27M

    1. Overall, 682 patients with stage IB-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International Cancer Control, seventh edition) EGFR-mutated (exon 19 deletion/L858R) NSCLC were randomly assigned 1:1 (stratified by

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10082285 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 5

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the assignment of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC to receive osimertinib, indicating a correlation between the L858R variant and response to this specific therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC, specifically referencing the L858R variant, suggests its role in defining or classifying the disease subtype. Prognostic: The passage refers to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival as endpoints, indicating that the L858R variant may correlate with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The context of the L858R variant being part of EGFR mutations in NSCLC implies its contribution to tumor development or progression, characteristic of oncogenic variants.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    1. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial neoplasm in children. The overall outcome for high-risk NB patients is still unacceptable, therefore, it is critical to deeply understand molecular mechanisms associated

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7294133 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 2

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The variant V871I in the EPHB4 gene is described as contributing to increased proliferation, migration, and invasion properties in neuroblastoma cell lines, indicating its role in tumor development and progression. Predictive: The passage discusses the use of EPHB4 inhibitors that can rescue the phenotype driven by the variant V871I, suggesting a correlation with response to specific therapies. Prognostic: The passage mentions that higher EPHB4 expression is correlated with stage 4 neuroblastoma and poor overall survival, indicating a relationship between the variant and disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 2050:V871I

      Genes: 2050

      Variants: V871I

    1. Mutation of p53 is the most common genetic change in human cancer, causing complex effects including not only loss of wild-type function but also gain of novel oncogenic functions (GOF). It is increasingly likely that p5

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that mutations at Arg248 and Arg282 positions are associated with shorter patient survival, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Predictive: The passage discusses the association of p53 mutations with resistance to several CYP3A4-metabolized chemotherapeutic drugs, indicating a correlation with treatment response. Oncogenic: The mention of p53 mutations contributing to gain of novel oncogenic functions and their association with cancer cell lines suggests that these somatic variants play a role in tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:Arg248 7157:Arg282 7157:R282W

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: Arg248 Arg282 R282W

    2. To probe the characteristic pathways associated with different p53-hotspot mutations, we selected the colorectal cancer (CRC) data set in TCGA as an example. The CRC cases contain more mortality-associated mutations (R24

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 8

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Functional

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage mentions that R248Q/W and R282W are associated with mortality, indicating a correlation with disease outcome. Functional: The passage discusses the enrichment of specific gene sets linked to cellular respiration and drug metabolism enzymes for certain mutations, suggesting alterations in molecular function.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:R175H 7157:R248Q/W 7157:R248W 7157:R273H 7157:R282W

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: R175H R248Q/W R248W R273H R282W

    3. We tested the association between R248/R282 mutations and cancer patient survival using an independent data set extracted from published literatures (data in Supplementary Table 1), and found these mutations are indeed a

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 6

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of R248 and R282 mutations with shorter patient survival, indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of mice carrying the humanized mutation on R248 exhibiting significantly shorter survival time suggests that this somatic variant contributes to tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:R175 7157:R248 7157:R273 7157:R282

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: R175 R248 R273 R282

    4. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients carrying p53 mutations on Arg248 and Arg282 residues had significantly shorter overall survival time than those carrying nonsense mutations (Figures 2a and b). Other

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how mutations at Arg248 and Arg282 correlate with significantly shorter overall survival times, indicating a relationship between these variants and disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of p53 mutations, including those at Arg248 and Arg282, suggests a role in tumor development or progression, as these mutations are associated with survival outcomes in cancer patients.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:Arg248 7157:Arg282 7157:G245 7157:R175 7157:R248 7157:R249S 7157:R273 7157:R282 7157:Y220

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: Arg248 Arg282 G245 R175 R248 R249S R273 R282 Y220

    5. Mutations on Arg282 and Arg248 residues associate with shorter patient survival

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 2

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that mutations at Arg282 and Arg248 are associated with shorter patient survival, which correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:Arg248 7157:Arg282

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: Arg248 Arg282

    6. To probe the characteristic pathways associated with different p53-hotspot mutations, we selected the colorectal cancer (CRC) data set in TCGA as an example. The CRC cases contain more mortality-associated mutations (R24

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 8

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Functional

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage mentions that R248Q/W and R282W are associated with mortality, indicating a correlation with disease outcome. Functional: The passage discusses the enrichment of specific gene sets linked to cellular respiration and drug metabolism enzymes for certain mutations, suggesting alterations in molecular function.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:R175H 7157:R248Q/W 7157:R248W 7157:R273H 7157:R282W

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: R175H R248Q/W R248W R273H R282W

    7. We tested the association between R248/R282 mutations and cancer patient survival using an independent data set extracted from published literatures (data in Supplementary Table 1), and found these mutations are indeed a

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 6

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of R248 and R282 mutations with shorter patient survival, indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of mice carrying the humanized mutation on R248 exhibiting significantly shorter survival time suggests that this somatic variant contributes to tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:R175 7157:R248 7157:R273 7157:R282

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: R175 R248 R273 R282

    8. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients carrying p53 mutations on Arg248 and Arg282 residues had significantly shorter overall survival time than those carrying nonsense mutations (Figures 2a and b). Other

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how mutations at Arg248 and Arg282 correlate with significantly shorter overall survival times, indicating a relationship between these variants and disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of p53 mutations, including those at Arg248 and Arg282, suggests a role in tumor development or progression, as these mutations are associated with survival outcomes in cancer patients.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:Arg248 7157:Arg282 7157:G245 7157:R175 7157:R248 7157:R249S 7157:R273 7157:R282 7157:Y220

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: Arg248 Arg282 G245 R175 R248 R249S R273 R282 Y220

    9. Mutations on Arg282 and Arg248 residues associate with shorter patient survival

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC3973211 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 2

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that mutations at Arg282 and Arg248 are associated with shorter patient survival, which correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7157:Arg248 7157:Arg282

      Genes: 7157

      Variants: Arg248 Arg282

    1. Finally, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using the Cox-proportional hazards model to determine the factors that influenced poorer outcomes in patients with stage IV CRC (Table II). The univariate anal

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7068240 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation correlates with poorer outcomes in patients with stage IV CRC, suggesting its role in prognosis independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The BRAF V600E mutation is associated with tumor development or progression, as indicated by its correlation with poorer prognosis in the context of cancer.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    2. To identify miRNAs that were significantly associated with non-MSI tumors containing the BRAF V600E mutation, miRNAs exhibiting no expression among the six CRC tissues and the two corresponding normal colorectal mucosae

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7068240 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the association of the BRAF V600E mutation with non-MSI tumors, indicating its role in classifying or defining a specific subtype of colorectal cancer. Prognostic: The passage mentions that miR-31 is being focused on as a candidate prognostic biomarker, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome in the context of tumors harboring the BRAF V600E mutation.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    3. Colorectal cancer (CRC) manifests after the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations along with tumor microenvironments. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) molecules have been revealed to serve in critical roles in the progr

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7068240 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of high miR-31 expression with poorer mortality and shorter median survival time in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, indicating a prognostic relationship. Diagnostic: The study evaluates the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for colorectal cancer, suggesting that the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation can be used to classify tumors based on miR-31 expression levels.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E 673:serine/threonine

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E serine/threonine

    4. Colorectal cancer (CRC) manifests after the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations along with tumor microenvironments. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) molecules have been revealed to serve in critical roles in the progr

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7068240 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of high miR-31 expression with poorer mortality and shorter median survival time in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, indicating a prognostic relationship. Diagnostic: The study evaluates the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for colorectal cancer, suggesting that the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation can be used to classify tumors based on miR-31 expression levels.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E 673:serine/threonine

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E serine/threonine

    1. Next, we tested the hypothesis of whether these four SNPs located in the downstream of KRT8P35 and the intron of CDH4 might also influence the expression of these two genes in a cis-manner. We carried out an eQTL (expres

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5083195 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 12

      Evidence Type(s): Functional, Prognostic

      Justification: Functional: The passage discusses the influence of SNPs (rs9637468 and rs4925193) on the expression of genes in a cis-manner, indicating that these variants alter molecular function related to gene expression. Prognostic: The mRNA expression levels of CDH4 were associated with overall survival (OS) of pancreatic cancer patients, suggesting that the variants may correlate with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1002:rs1122269 1002:rs4925193 NA:rs9637468

      Genes: 1002 NA

      Variants: rs1122269 rs4925193 rs9637468

    2. After imputation analysis with the 1000 Genome Project, we selected the four top OS-associated imputed SNPs plus the four genotyped SNPs for validation with 537 additional Mayo samples from a second independent cohort us

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5083195 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the association of the SNPs rs9637468 and rs4925193 with overall survival (OS) in the context of gemcitabine treatment, indicating their potential as genetic biomarkers for predicting response to therapy. Prognostic: The passage mentions that the SNPs are associated with overall survival (OS) outcomes, suggesting that they may correlate with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1002:rs4925193 NA:rs9637468

      Genes: 1002 NA

      Variants: rs4925193 rs9637468

    1. Considering individual ESR1 mutations, there was strong evidence for positive selection specifically of ESR1 Y537S through treatment in both treatment groups (p = 0.0037, McNemar's test, q = 0.047, Bonferroni correction

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6368247 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 17

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the positive selection of the ESR1 Y537S mutation through treatment and its association with resistance to fulvestrant, indicating a correlation with treatment response. Prognostic: The exploratory analysis of progression-free survival comparing patients with a Y537S mutation at day 1 to those who acquired it by the end of treatment suggests a correlation with disease outcome, independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The evidence presented indicates that the ESR1 Y537S mutation contributes to tumor development or progression, particularly in the context of promoting resistance to treatment.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5728:Y537S

      Genes: 5728

      Variants: Y537S

    1. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of individual subtypes of KRAS mutation performed in this study showed the following results: the G12D subtype was associated with poor prognosis in PFS (log-rank p = 0.02), other subty

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4378307 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that the G12D and G12S subtypes of KRAS mutations are associated with poor prognosis in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively, which correlates with disease outcomes independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12D 3845:G12S

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12D G12S

    2. Results: Among a total of 148 patients, 48 (32%) had mutated KRAS, 77% at codon 12 and 23% at codon 13. The PFS was significantly worse in the mutant KRAS patients in comparison to wild type KRAS patients (p < 0.05). The

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4378307 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 3

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that KRAS mutation, specifically G12D, is associated with a poor prognosis in progression-free survival (PFS), demonstrating its role as an independent negative prognostic factor. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS mutations, including G12D, being associated with specific outcomes in patients suggests that these mutations can be used to classify or define disease subtypes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12D

    3. Results: Among a total of 148 patients, 48 (32%) had mutated KRAS, 77% at codon 12 and 23% at codon 13. The PFS was significantly worse in the mutant KRAS patients in comparison to wild type KRAS patients (p < 0.05). The

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4378307 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 3

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that KRAS mutation, specifically G12D, is associated with a poor prognosis in progression-free survival (PFS), demonstrating its role as an independent negative prognostic factor. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS mutations, including G12D, being associated with specific outcomes in patients suggests that these mutations can be used to classify or define disease subtypes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12D

    1. Tumour tissue from the pons of 66 DIPG patients was screened for K27M mutation in histone H3 as previously described. 42/66 (64 %) were found to be mutated for K27M-H3.3, with an additional eight patients with K27M-H3.1

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4159563 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that patients with the K27M mutation in histone H3 have worse overall survival compared to patients with no histone mutations, suggesting a correlation between the variant and disease outcome. Diagnostic: The K27M mutation is associated with specific tumor histologies and is used to classify patients into different groups based on their histone mutation status, indicating its role in defining disease subtypes. Oncogenic: The K27M mutation in histone H3 is described as contributing to tumor development, as it is found in a significant proportion of tumors and correlates with specific tumor characteristics.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 90:K27M

      Genes: 90

      Variants: K27M

    2. For 44 patients sufficient tissue was available to assess extent of spread and the presence of disseminated disease. Seventeen of 44 patients (38.6 %) had leptomeningeal spread at autopsy (for example, see Fig. 1b). Furt

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4159563 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival rates for patients with and without leptomeningeal spread, indicating that the presence of the K27M mutation correlates with worse survival outcomes. Oncogenic: The K27M variant is mentioned in the context of tumor spread and is associated with specific tumor types (GBM), suggesting its role in tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 90:K27M 5290:p.Glu545Gly 90:p.Gly328Val

      Genes: 90 5290

      Variants: K27M p.Glu545Gly p.Gly328Val

    1. All patients with a T790M mutation were treated with osimertinib (n=8). There were six partial remissions and one stable disease on osimertinib, one patient had not been assessed at data bank lock. Two patients progresse

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5652823 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 25

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the response of patients with a T790M mutation to osimertinib treatment, indicating a correlation between the variant and treatment response. Prognostic: The passage mentions progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in relation to the T790M mutation, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:T790M

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: T790M

    1. Median OS was 48 weeks (range=4-140). None of the following factors had a significant impact on OS: PS (P=0.403), histology (P=0.198), smoking (P=0.242), sex (P=0.475), skin rash (P=0.182) and EFGR IHC expression (P=0.63

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC2360265 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 16

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses median overall survival (OS) in relation to the L858R mutation, indicating that there is no statistically significant difference in OS between patients with the L858R mutation and those with other mutations, which relates to disease outcome. Diagnostic: The mention of the L858R mutation in the context of comparing survival outcomes suggests its role in classifying or defining patient subgroups based on mutational status.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    2. The median follow-up period was 109 weeks and the median time to tumour progression (TTP) 20 weeks (range=4-140). A total of 23 (36%) patients had a TTP>24 weeks and 7 (10.9%) >52 weeks (Table 5). There was no difference

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC2360265 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses time to tumor progression (TTP) in relation to different mutation groups, including L858R, indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of "classical mutations group" and comparisons with "wild-type" suggests that the L858R variant is used to classify or define a subtype of the disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    3. Median OS was 48 weeks (range=4-140). None of the following factors had a significant impact on OS: PS (P=0.403), histology (P=0.198), smoking (P=0.242), sex (P=0.475), skin rash (P=0.182) and EFGR IHC expression (P=0.63

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC2360265 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 16

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses median overall survival (OS) in relation to the L858R mutation, indicating that there is no statistically significant difference in OS between patients with the L858R mutation and those with other mutations, which relates to disease outcome. Diagnostic: The mention of the L858R mutation in the context of comparing survival outcomes suggests its role in classifying or defining patient subgroups based on mutational status.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    4. The median follow-up period was 109 weeks and the median time to tumour progression (TTP) 20 weeks (range=4-140). A total of 23 (36%) patients had a TTP>24 weeks and 7 (10.9%) >52 weeks (Table 5). There was no difference

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC2360265 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses time to tumor progression (TTP) in relation to different mutation groups, including L858R, indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of "classical mutations group" and comparisons with "wild-type" suggests that the L858R variant is used to classify or define a subtype of the disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    1. Results: We found that rs3786362 G allele of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) gene was significantly associated with PFS (P = 1.10 x 10-2), OS (P = 2.50 x 10-2) and DCR (P = 5.00 x 10-3). The expression of TYMS was overexpres

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 3

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that the rs3786362 G allele is significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), which are outcomes related to disease prognosis. Diagnostic: The association of the rs3786362 G allele with tumor characteristics suggests it may be used to classify or define disease subtypes, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC).

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    2. Stratification analysis was also performed to evaluate the potential effects of TYMS rs3786362 in mCRC patients in the dominant model. Overall, the carriers of the risk G allele reduced PFS with respect to female, younge

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 15

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how the rs3786362 variant correlates with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, indicating its association with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Predictive: The passage suggests that TYMS rs3786362 could be a predictive biomarker for survival in mCRC patients, indicating a potential correlation with treatment response in specific subgroups.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    3. Stratification analysis of rs3786362 in TYMS and mCRC survival

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that rs3786362 is involved in stratification analysis related to mCRC survival, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    4. Kaplan-Meier curves of PFS and OS for TYMS rs3786362 in mCRC patients were depicted choosing the dominant model. Patients with AG/GG genotypes exhibited reduced PFS and OS compared with AA genotype (Figure 2).

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of the rs3786362 variant with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in mCRC patients, indicating its association with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The variant rs3786362 is used to classify patients based on their genotypes (AG/GG vs. AA), which suggests its role in defining or associating with a disease subtype in mCRC.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    5. Owing to the positive findings of TYMS rs3786362 on PFS in our previous study, the correlation analysis of the selected SNP with OS was further conducted. Interestingly, TYMS rs3786362 was also associated with reduced OS

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of the variant rs3786362 with reduced overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), indicating its correlation with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The variant rs3786362 is associated with different genotypes (AG and AA) that correlate with reduced PFS and OS, suggesting its role in classifying disease outcomes based on genotype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    6. The correlation between rs3786362 in TYMS and mCRC survival

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation between the variant rs3786362 and mCRC survival, indicating its association with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    7. We analyzed the association between 35 SNPs and PFS of mCRC patients in the additive model after genotyping (Supplementary Table S4). As shown in Table 1, we found that four SNPs (rs369803 in FOLH1, rs10432965 in FTCD, r

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 8

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of SNPs, specifically rs3786362 and rs369803, with progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, indicating their association with disease outcome. Predictive: The passage mentions the correlation of SNPs with disease control rate (DCR), suggesting that these variants may influence treatment response in mCRC patients.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 10841:rs10432965 2346:rs369803 7298:rs3786362 113235:rs4795436

      Genes: 10841 2346 7298 113235

      Variants: rs10432965 rs369803 rs3786362 rs4795436

    8. Results: We found that rs3786362 G allele of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) gene was significantly associated with PFS (P = 1.10 x 10-2), OS (P = 2.50 x 10-2) and DCR (P = 5.00 x 10-3). The expression of TYMS was overexpres

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 3

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that the rs3786362 G allele is significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), which are outcomes related to disease prognosis. Diagnostic: The association of the rs3786362 G allele with tumor characteristics suggests it may be used to classify or define disease subtypes, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC).

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    9. Stratification analysis was also performed to evaluate the potential effects of TYMS rs3786362 in mCRC patients in the dominant model. Overall, the carriers of the risk G allele reduced PFS with respect to female, younge

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 15

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how the rs3786362 variant correlates with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, indicating its association with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Predictive: The passage suggests that TYMS rs3786362 could be a predictive biomarker for survival in mCRC patients, indicating a potential correlation with treatment response in specific subgroups.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    10. Stratification analysis of rs3786362 in TYMS and mCRC survival

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that rs3786362 is involved in stratification analysis related to mCRC survival, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    11. Kaplan-Meier curves of PFS and OS for TYMS rs3786362 in mCRC patients were depicted choosing the dominant model. Patients with AG/GG genotypes exhibited reduced PFS and OS compared with AA genotype (Figure 2).

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of the rs3786362 variant with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in mCRC patients, indicating its association with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The variant rs3786362 is used to classify patients based on their genotypes (AG/GG vs. AA), which suggests its role in defining or associating with a disease subtype in mCRC.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    12. Owing to the positive findings of TYMS rs3786362 on PFS in our previous study, the correlation analysis of the selected SNP with OS was further conducted. Interestingly, TYMS rs3786362 was also associated with reduced OS

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of the variant rs3786362 with reduced overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), indicating its correlation with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The variant rs3786362 is associated with different genotypes (AG and AA) that correlate with reduced PFS and OS, suggesting its role in classifying disease outcomes based on genotype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    13. The correlation between rs3786362 in TYMS and mCRC survival

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation between the variant rs3786362 and mCRC survival, indicating its association with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7298:rs3786362

      Genes: 7298

      Variants: rs3786362

    14. We analyzed the association between 35 SNPs and PFS of mCRC patients in the additive model after genotyping (Supplementary Table S4). As shown in Table 1, we found that four SNPs (rs369803 in FOLH1, rs10432965 in FTCD, r

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7545690 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 8

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of SNPs, specifically rs3786362 and rs369803, with progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients, indicating their association with disease outcome. Predictive: The passage mentions the correlation of SNPs with disease control rate (DCR), suggesting that these variants may influence treatment response in mCRC patients.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 10841:rs10432965 2346:rs369803 7298:rs3786362 113235:rs4795436

      Genes: 10841 2346 7298 113235

      Variants: rs10432965 rs369803 rs3786362 rs4795436

    1. Comparisons of PFS and OS (univariate and multivariate) of patients with mutation variants to patients with non-mutated tumors revealed the KRAS exon 2 G12C-variant (n = 28) to correlate with inferior OS compared with no

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of KRAS exon 2 variants, specifically G12C and G13D, with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), indicating their impact on disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of KRAS exon 2 variants suggests their role in tumor development or progression, as they are associated with inferior survival outcomes in patients with mutated tumors compared to non-mutated tumors.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G12D 3845:G12V 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G12D G12V G13D

    2. The median PFS of patients with KRAS exon 2 mutant tumor subtypes ranged from 8.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.6-10.0] months (G13D mutation) to 10.5 (95% CI 9.0-11.9) months in (G12D variants). The median OS widely r

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) associated with specific KRAS mutations, indicating a correlation with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS exon 2 mutant tumor subtypes suggests that these variants are used to classify or define a specific disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:A146T 3845:G12C 3845:G12D 3845:G13D 3845:Q61H

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: A146T G12C G12D G13D Q61H

    3. Mutations in KRAS and BRAF were associated with inferior PFS and OS of mCRC patients compared with patients with non-mutated tumors. KRAS exon 2 mutation variants were associated with heterogeneous outcome compared with

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that KRAS G12C and G13D mutations are associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in mCRC patients, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS mutations being associated with heterogeneous outcomes compared to unmutated tumors implies that these variants can be used to classify or define a disease subtype in mCRC.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G13D

    4. In 664 tumors, no mutation was detected, 462 tumors were diagnosed with KRAS-, 39 patients with NRAS- and 74 patients with BRAF-mutation. Mutations in KRAS were associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) an

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of KRAS mutations, including specific variants like G12C and G13D, with inferior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), indicating their impact on disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The passage mentions that mutations in KRAS were diagnosed in tumors, indicating that these mutations are used to classify or define the disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G12D 3845:G12V 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G12D G12V G13D

    5. In this pooled analysis of metastatic colorectal cancer patients, mutations in KRAS, and BRAF were associated with inferior progression-free and overall survival compared with patients with non-mutated tumors. KRAS exon

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how KRAS G12C and G13D mutations correlate with inferior progression-free and overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients, indicating their prognostic significance. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS mutations being associated with tumor characteristics suggests their role in classifying or defining the disease subtype in colorectal cancer.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G13D

    6. Comparisons of PFS and OS (univariate and multivariate) of patients with mutation variants to patients with non-mutated tumors revealed the KRAS exon 2 G12C-variant (n = 28) to correlate with inferior OS compared with no

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of KRAS exon 2 variants, specifically G12C and G13D, with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), indicating their impact on disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of KRAS exon 2 variants suggests their role in tumor development or progression, as they are associated with inferior survival outcomes in patients with mutated tumors compared to non-mutated tumors.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G12D 3845:G12V 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G12D G12V G13D

    7. The median PFS of patients with KRAS exon 2 mutant tumor subtypes ranged from 8.8 [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.6-10.0] months (G13D mutation) to 10.5 (95% CI 9.0-11.9) months in (G12D variants). The median OS widely r

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) associated with specific KRAS mutations, indicating a correlation with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS exon 2 mutant tumor subtypes suggests that these variants are used to classify or define a specific disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:A146T 3845:G12C 3845:G12D 3845:G13D 3845:Q61H

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: A146T G12C G12D G13D Q61H

    8. Mutations in KRAS and BRAF were associated with inferior PFS and OS of mCRC patients compared with patients with non-mutated tumors. KRAS exon 2 mutation variants were associated with heterogeneous outcome compared with

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that KRAS G12C and G13D mutations are associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in mCRC patients, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS mutations being associated with heterogeneous outcomes compared to unmutated tumors implies that these variants can be used to classify or define a disease subtype in mCRC.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G13D

    9. In 664 tumors, no mutation was detected, 462 tumors were diagnosed with KRAS-, 39 patients with NRAS- and 74 patients with BRAF-mutation. Mutations in KRAS were associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) an

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of KRAS mutations, including specific variants like G12C and G13D, with inferior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), indicating their impact on disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The passage mentions that mutations in KRAS were diagnosed in tumors, indicating that these mutations are used to classify or define the disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G12D 3845:G12V 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G12D G12V G13D

    10. In this pooled analysis of metastatic colorectal cancer patients, mutations in KRAS, and BRAF were associated with inferior progression-free and overall survival compared with patients with non-mutated tumors. KRAS exon

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4999563 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how KRAS G12C and G13D mutations correlate with inferior progression-free and overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients, indicating their prognostic significance. Diagnostic: The mention of KRAS mutations being associated with tumor characteristics suggests their role in classifying or defining the disease subtype in colorectal cancer.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3845:G12C 3845:G13D

      Genes: 3845

      Variants: G12C G13D

    1. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate whether the type of EGFR mutation is associated with OS (Table 3). Because OS for patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions and patients with not acti

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC8307492 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 17

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival (OS) outcomes associated with the L858R variant, indicating that it correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of the type of EGFR mutation, including L858R, being associated with overall survival suggests its role in classifying or defining disease outcomes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    2. The proportion of patients receiving first-line targeted therapy was highest for those with an exon 19 deletion (321/390; 82%) or L858R mutation (227/287; 79%), lower for those with uncommon, actionable variants (69/103;

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC8307492 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 16

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the proportion of patients receiving first-line targeted therapy based on the presence of the L858R mutation, indicating a correlation with treatment response. Prognostic: The median overall survival (OS) for patients with the L858R mutation is reported, demonstrating its correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    3. OS in patients with any EGFR mutation was higher for those diagnosed in 2017 (median 18.1 months; 95% CI, 15.7-20.5) compared to 2013 (median 14.3 months; 95% CI, 12.5-16.1; p = 0.035), but similar to 2015 (median 17.6 m

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC8307492 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival (OS) in patients with the L858R variant, indicating a correlation between this variant and disease outcome, independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of distinct survival patterns observed in different EGFR mutation subclasses, including L858R, suggests that this variant is used to classify or define a subtype of disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    4. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate whether the type of EGFR mutation is associated with OS (Table 3). Because OS for patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions and patients with not acti

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC8307492 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 17

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival (OS) outcomes associated with the L858R variant, indicating that it correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of the type of EGFR mutation, including L858R, being associated with overall survival suggests its role in classifying or defining disease outcomes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    5. The proportion of patients receiving first-line targeted therapy was highest for those with an exon 19 deletion (321/390; 82%) or L858R mutation (227/287; 79%), lower for those with uncommon, actionable variants (69/103;

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC8307492 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 16

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the proportion of patients receiving first-line targeted therapy based on the presence of the L858R mutation, indicating a correlation with treatment response. Prognostic: The median overall survival (OS) for patients with the L858R mutation is reported, demonstrating its correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    6. OS in patients with any EGFR mutation was higher for those diagnosed in 2017 (median 18.1 months; 95% CI, 15.7-20.5) compared to 2013 (median 14.3 months; 95% CI, 12.5-16.1; p = 0.035), but similar to 2015 (median 17.6 m

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC8307492 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival (OS) in patients with the L858R variant, indicating a correlation between this variant and disease outcome, independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of distinct survival patterns observed in different EGFR mutation subclasses, including L858R, suggests that this variant is used to classify or define a subtype of disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    1. In the cBioPortal database, variants of the MAP2K1 gene are reported at frequencies of 1.7% in CRC patients (Table 1) and correlated with worse disease/progression-free survival (Logrank Test P-Value: 1.815e-3), but not

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6627713 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 20

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Predictive, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the frequencies of MAP2K1 variants in CRC patients and their association with specific tumor characteristics, indicating their role in defining or classifying the disease. Prognostic: The variants are correlated with worse disease/progression-free survival, suggesting they have prognostic implications independent of therapy. Predictive: The passage mentions that MAP2K1 mutations are associated with de novo and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR MoAbs, indicating a predictive relationship with therapy response. Oncogenic: The variants are described as contributing to a gain of function of the MEK1 protein, which is indicative of their role in tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5604:c.169A>G 5604:c.199G>A 5604:p.Asp67Asn 5604:p.Lys57Glu

      Genes: 5604

      Variants: c.169A>G c.199G>A p.Asp67Asn p.Lys57Glu

    2. Of the three missense mutations detected in FBXW7, two were found in patients with a PFS shorter than median PFS. Patient P14 (PFS 8.07 months) carried the c.1798G>A variant (p.Asp600Asn) and patient P18 (PFS 1.73 months

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6627713 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that two missense mutations are associated with patients having a shorter progression-free survival (PFS), suggesting a correlation with disease outcome. Oncogenic: The FBXW7 p.Arg505Cys mutation is reported to lead to loss of function of the protein and has been associated with several cancer types, indicating its contribution to tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 55294:c.1513C>T 1956:c.1798G>A 55294:p.Arg505Cys 673:p.Asp600Asn

      Genes: 55294 1956 673

      Variants: c.1513C>T c.1798G>A p.Arg505Cys p.Asp600Asn

    3. Two patients (P20 and P21) had variants in NF1, a negative regulator of RAS, inactivated by mutation in various cancers. Specifically, we found an insertion (c.638_639insA; p.Asn214Lys fs*2) in the tumor from patient P20

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6627713 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The variants in NF1 are described as contributing to tumor development by leading to a loss of function and increased activation of the RAS signaling pathway, indicating their role in oncogenesis. Prognostic: The passage provides progression-free survival (PFS) times for the patients with the variants, suggesting a correlation between the variants and disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 4763:c.5101A>T 4763:c.638_639insA 4763:p.Asn214Lys fs*2 4763:p.Lys1701Ter

      Genes: 4763

      Variants: c.5101A>T c.638_639insA p.Asn214Lys fs*2 p.Lys1701Ter

    4. In the cBioPortal database, variants of the MAP2K1 gene are reported at frequencies of 1.7% in CRC patients (Table 1) and correlated with worse disease/progression-free survival (Logrank Test P-Value: 1.815e-3), but not

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6627713 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 20

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Predictive, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the frequencies of MAP2K1 variants in CRC patients and their association with specific tumor characteristics, indicating their role in defining or classifying the disease. Prognostic: The variants are correlated with worse disease/progression-free survival, suggesting they have prognostic implications independent of therapy. Predictive: The passage mentions that MAP2K1 mutations are associated with de novo and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR MoAbs, indicating a predictive relationship with therapy response. Oncogenic: The variants are described as contributing to a gain of function of the MEK1 protein, which is indicative of their role in tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5604:c.169A>G 5604:c.199G>A 5604:p.Asp67Asn 5604:p.Lys57Glu

      Genes: 5604

      Variants: c.169A>G c.199G>A p.Asp67Asn p.Lys57Glu

    5. Of the three missense mutations detected in FBXW7, two were found in patients with a PFS shorter than median PFS. Patient P14 (PFS 8.07 months) carried the c.1798G>A variant (p.Asp600Asn) and patient P18 (PFS 1.73 months

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6627713 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that two missense mutations are associated with patients having a shorter progression-free survival (PFS), suggesting a correlation with disease outcome. Oncogenic: The FBXW7 p.Arg505Cys mutation is reported to lead to loss of function of the protein and has been associated with several cancer types, indicating its contribution to tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 55294:c.1513C>T 1956:c.1798G>A 55294:p.Arg505Cys 673:p.Asp600Asn

      Genes: 55294 1956 673

      Variants: c.1513C>T c.1798G>A p.Arg505Cys p.Asp600Asn

    6. Two patients (P20 and P21) had variants in NF1, a negative regulator of RAS, inactivated by mutation in various cancers. Specifically, we found an insertion (c.638_639insA; p.Asn214Lys fs*2) in the tumor from patient P20

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC6627713 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The variants in NF1 are described as contributing to tumor development by leading to a loss of function and increased activation of the RAS signaling pathway, indicating their role in oncogenesis. Prognostic: The passage provides progression-free survival (PFS) times for the patients with the variants, suggesting a correlation between the variants and disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 4763:c.5101A>T 4763:c.638_639insA 4763:p.Asn214Lys fs*2 4763:p.Lys1701Ter

      Genes: 4763

      Variants: c.5101A>T c.638_639insA p.Asn214Lys fs*2 p.Lys1701Ter

    1. The 14 NF1-associated gliomas belonging to the molecular high-grade group did not form a distinct epigenomic cluster but instead aligned with other sporadic reference entities, most frequently high-grade astrocytoma with

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC9468105 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the association of the BRAF p.V600E mutation with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, indicating its role in defining or classifying this specific tumor type. Prognostic: The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis mentioned in the passage indicates that patients with NF1-associated gliomas have inferior outcomes, suggesting a correlation between the presence of certain mutations and disease prognosis.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:p.V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: p.V600E

    2. The 14 NF1-associated gliomas belonging to the molecular high-grade group did not form a distinct epigenomic cluster but instead aligned with other sporadic reference entities, most frequently high-grade astrocytoma with

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC9468105 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 14

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the association of the BRAF p.V600E mutation with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, indicating its role in defining or classifying this specific tumor type. Prognostic: The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis mentioned in the passage indicates that patients with NF1-associated gliomas have inferior outcomes, suggesting a correlation between the presence of certain mutations and disease prognosis.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:p.V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: p.V600E

    1. Within the entire MDS cohort, by univariate analysis (Supplementary Table 2), the following parameters were associated with worse outcomes: higher BM blasts percentage; lower hemoglobin, platelet and MCV; prior history o

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 21

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the absence of the SF3B1 K700E mutation as an independent predictor of worse overall survival (OS), indicating a correlation between the variant and disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    2. As a next step, among low-grade MDS (<5% BM blasts and <1% PB blasts) with therapy-related cases excluded, we explored to see if the differences persisted between K700E and non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS groups even after applyi

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 20

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that K700E SF3B1mut MDS showed a trend for longer overall survival (OS) compared to non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The passage discusses the classification of K700E SF3B1mut MDS in relation to the proposed 2020 IWG-PM criteria, indicating its use in defining or classifying a disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    3. Therapy-related MDS cases were distributed equally between K700E and non-K700E groups. Within low-grade MDS (MDS-SLD, MDS-MLD and MDS-RS), we excluded therapy-related MDS cases due to a relatively higher representation o

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 19

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that K700E SF3B1mut MDS is associated with significantly better overall survival (OS) compared to SF3B1wt MDS, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of K700E in the context of classifying MDS subtypes (e.g., comparing K700E SF3B1mut MDS to non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS) supports its role in defining or classifying a disease or subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    4. Between K700E vs. non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS categories, 9 of 39 (23%) K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients died compared to 4 of 55 (7%; p=0.02) non-K700E patients; findings were similar in low-grade MDS patients (16% vs. 3%, p=0.04

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 18

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the overall survival (OS) rates of K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients compared to non-K700E patients, indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients in relation to non-K700E patients suggests a classification or association with a specific disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    5. Within the MDS-EB categories, compared to SF3B1wt, there were no significant differences in OS of K700E SF3B1mut (median OS, not reached vs. 17 7 month, p=0 355) and non-K700E SF3B1mut (median OS, 20 5 vs. 17 7 months; p

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 17

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival (OS) in relation to the K700E variant, indicating that it correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    6. The majority of patients in all 3 categories were treated with an HMA: 16/17 (94%) K700E mutated patients; 16/19 (84%) non-K700E mutated patients; and 217/277 (78%) SF3B1wt patients. The treatment details are provided in

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 16

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the overall survival (OS) outcomes of K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients compared to SF3B1wt patients, indicating that the K700E variant correlates with better disease outcomes independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The K700E variant is used to classify and differentiate between SF3B1mut and SF3B1wt MDS patients, indicating its role in defining disease subtypes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    7. Myelodysplastic syndromes with SF3B1 mutations are regarded to have a favorable prognosis by both WHO and the International Working Group for Prognostication of MDS (IWG-PM). However, in this article, we show that only M

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 12

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses how MDS with SF3B1 K700E mutations can be used to refine sub-classification and risk assessment criteria, indicating its role in defining or classifying a disease subtype. Prognostic: The passage states that MDS with SF3B1 K700E mutations is regarded to have a favorable prognosis, which correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    8. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with K700E and non-K700E SF3B1 mutations show distinct clinicopathological and genomic characteristics, with only SF3B1 K700E mutated MDS showing a significantly better OS compared to non-

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that SF3B1 K700E mutated MDS shows significantly better overall survival (OS) compared to non-K700E mutations, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome. Diagnostic: The mention of distinct clinicopathological and genomic characteristics associated with K700E and non-K700E SF3B1 mutations implies that the mutation type is used for risk-assessment and classification of MDS.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    9. Fifty-five (60%) patients carried K700E. Recurrent non-K700E mutations (39, 40%) included R625, H662 and K666. Compared to SF3B1mut-K700E, non-K700E patients had a lower median ANC (1 8 vs. 2 4, p=0 005) and were frequen

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 6

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the association of K700E and non-K700E mutations with specific patient characteristics and outcomes, indicating their role in classifying patients with MDS. Prognostic: The passage reports on overall survival outcomes associated with SF3B1 mutations, including K700E, indicating that these variants correlate with disease prognosis independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of mutations such as K700E contributing to the classification of MDS and their association with specific patient outcomes suggests a role in tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K666 23451:K700 23451:K700E 23451:R625

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K666 K700 K700E R625

    10. SF3B1 mutations (SF3B1mut) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) frequently involve codon K700E and have a favorable prognosis. The prognostic effect of non-K700E SF3B1mut is uncertain.

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 2

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage states that SF3B1 mutations, including K700E, have a favorable prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes, indicating a correlation with disease outcome. Diagnostic: The mention of SF3B1 mutations in the context of myelodysplastic syndromes suggests that these mutations, including K700E, are used to classify or define the disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    11. Within the entire MDS cohort, by univariate analysis (Supplementary Table 2), the following parameters were associated with worse outcomes: higher BM blasts percentage; lower hemoglobin, platelet and MCV; prior history o

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 21

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the absence of the SF3B1 K700E mutation as an independent predictor of worse overall survival (OS), indicating a correlation between the variant and disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    12. As a next step, among low-grade MDS (<5% BM blasts and <1% PB blasts) with therapy-related cases excluded, we explored to see if the differences persisted between K700E and non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS groups even after applyi

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 20

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that K700E SF3B1mut MDS showed a trend for longer overall survival (OS) compared to non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The passage discusses the classification of K700E SF3B1mut MDS in relation to the proposed 2020 IWG-PM criteria, indicating its use in defining or classifying a disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    13. Therapy-related MDS cases were distributed equally between K700E and non-K700E groups. Within low-grade MDS (MDS-SLD, MDS-MLD and MDS-RS), we excluded therapy-related MDS cases due to a relatively higher representation o

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 19

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that K700E SF3B1mut MDS is associated with significantly better overall survival (OS) compared to SF3B1wt MDS, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of K700E in the context of classifying MDS subtypes (e.g., comparing K700E SF3B1mut MDS to non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS) supports its role in defining or classifying a disease or subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    14. Between K700E vs. non-K700E SF3B1mut MDS categories, 9 of 39 (23%) K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients died compared to 4 of 55 (7%; p=0.02) non-K700E patients; findings were similar in low-grade MDS patients (16% vs. 3%, p=0.04

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 18

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the overall survival (OS) rates of K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients compared to non-K700E patients, indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The mention of K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients in relation to non-K700E patients suggests a classification or association with a specific disease subtype.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    15. Within the MDS-EB categories, compared to SF3B1wt, there were no significant differences in OS of K700E SF3B1mut (median OS, not reached vs. 17 7 month, p=0 355) and non-K700E SF3B1mut (median OS, 20 5 vs. 17 7 months; p

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 17

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses overall survival (OS) in relation to the K700E variant, indicating that it correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    16. The majority of patients in all 3 categories were treated with an HMA: 16/17 (94%) K700E mutated patients; 16/19 (84%) non-K700E mutated patients; and 217/277 (78%) SF3B1wt patients. The treatment details are provided in

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 16

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the overall survival (OS) outcomes of K700E SF3B1mut MDS patients compared to SF3B1wt patients, indicating that the K700E variant correlates with better disease outcomes independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The K700E variant is used to classify and differentiate between SF3B1mut and SF3B1wt MDS patients, indicating its role in defining disease subtypes.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    17. Myelodysplastic syndromes with SF3B1 mutations are regarded to have a favorable prognosis by both WHO and the International Working Group for Prognostication of MDS (IWG-PM). However, in this article, we show that only M

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 12

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses how MDS with SF3B1 K700E mutations can be used to refine sub-classification and risk assessment criteria, indicating its role in defining or classifying a disease subtype. Prognostic: The passage states that MDS with SF3B1 K700E mutations is regarded to have a favorable prognosis, which correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    18. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with K700E and non-K700E SF3B1 mutations show distinct clinicopathological and genomic characteristics, with only SF3B1 K700E mutated MDS showing a significantly better OS compared to non-

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that SF3B1 K700E mutated MDS shows significantly better overall survival (OS) compared to non-K700E mutations, suggesting a correlation with disease outcome. Diagnostic: The mention of distinct clinicopathological and genomic characteristics associated with K700E and non-K700E SF3B1 mutations implies that the mutation type is used for risk-assessment and classification of MDS.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    19. Fifty-five (60%) patients carried K700E. Recurrent non-K700E mutations (39, 40%) included R625, H662 and K666. Compared to SF3B1mut-K700E, non-K700E patients had a lower median ANC (1 8 vs. 2 4, p=0 005) and were frequen

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 6

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the association of K700E and non-K700E mutations with specific patient characteristics and outcomes, indicating their role in classifying patients with MDS. Prognostic: The passage reports on overall survival outcomes associated with SF3B1 mutations, including K700E, indicating that these variants correlate with disease prognosis independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The mention of mutations such as K700E contributing to the classification of MDS and their association with specific patient outcomes suggests a role in tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K666 23451:K700 23451:K700E 23451:R625

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K666 K700 K700E R625

    20. SF3B1 mutations (SF3B1mut) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) frequently involve codon K700E and have a favorable prognosis. The prognostic effect of non-K700E SF3B1mut is uncertain.

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10015977 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 2

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage states that SF3B1 mutations, including K700E, have a favorable prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes, indicating a correlation with disease outcome. Diagnostic: The mention of SF3B1 mutations in the context of myelodysplastic syndromes suggests that these mutations, including K700E, are used to classify or define the disease.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 23451:K700E

      Genes: 23451

      Variants: K700E

    1. The ratio of BRAF V600E mutation VAF on treatment at week 2 and week 4, relative to baseline was assessed as a predictor of PFS and OS. Most patients (19/21; 91%) had a week 2-baseline ratio (W2-BLR) of <1, with a median

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10011885 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 20

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how the BRAF V600E mutation VAF ratio correlates with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), indicating that it is associated with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Predictive: The assessment of the BRAF V600E mutation VAF ratio as a predictor of PFS and OS suggests that it may correlate with treatment response, indicating its predictive value in the context of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    2. Twenty-five patients had serial plasma available for ctDNA analyses (Fig. 3A). Baseline pretreatment plasma DNA analyzed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was positive for BRAF V600E mutant ctDNA in 21 of 25 patients (84%).

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10011885 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 15

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage indicates that BRAF V600E mutant ctDNA is detected in a significant proportion of patients, suggesting its use in defining or confirming the presence of a specific disease. Prognostic: The passage states that higher levels of ctDNA at baseline are associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The presence of the BRAF V600E variant in ctDNA suggests its role in tumor development or progression, as it is a known somatic mutation associated with cancer.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    3. The ratio of BRAF V600E mutation VAF on treatment at week 2 and week 4, relative to baseline was assessed as a predictor of PFS and OS. Most patients (19/21; 91%) had a week 2-baseline ratio (W2-BLR) of <1, with a median

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10011885 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 20

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how the BRAF V600E mutation VAF ratio correlates with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), indicating that it is associated with disease outcomes independent of therapy. Predictive: The assessment of the BRAF V600E mutation VAF ratio as a predictor of PFS and OS suggests that it may correlate with treatment response, indicating its predictive value in the context of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    4. Twenty-five patients had serial plasma available for ctDNA analyses (Fig. 3A). Baseline pretreatment plasma DNA analyzed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was positive for BRAF V600E mutant ctDNA in 21 of 25 patients (84%).

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC10011885 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 15

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage indicates that BRAF V600E mutant ctDNA is detected in a significant proportion of patients, suggesting its use in defining or confirming the presence of a specific disease. Prognostic: The passage states that higher levels of ctDNA at baseline are associated with inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), indicating a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The presence of the BRAF V600E variant in ctDNA suggests its role in tumor development or progression, as it is a known somatic mutation associated with cancer.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    1. These updated results confirm the substantial clinical benefit and manageable toxicity of dabrafenib plus trametinib in BRAF V600E-mutant ATC. Dabrafenib plus trametinib notably improved long-term survival and represents

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC9338780 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 8

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the clinical benefit of dabrafenib plus trametinib in BRAF V600E-mutant ATC, indicating a correlation with improved treatment response. Prognostic: The mention of improved long-term survival in patients with BRAF V600E-mutant ATC suggests a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    2. These updated results confirm the substantial clinical benefit and manageable toxicity of dabrafenib plus trametinib in BRAF V600E-mutant ATC. Dabrafenib plus trametinib notably improved long-term survival and represents

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC9338780 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 8

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the clinical benefit of dabrafenib plus trametinib in BRAF V600E-mutant ATC, indicating a correlation with improved treatment response. Prognostic: The mention of improved long-term survival in patients with BRAF V600E-mutant ATC suggests a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    1. To determine if the synergy observed in vitro for PARPi-resistant cells translated to in vivo efficacy, SRA737 and PARPi combination therapy was tested in five HGSOC PDX models. Two HR competent CCNE1 amplified HGSOC PDX

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC11253285 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 18

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the response to therapy involving SRA737 and PARP inhibitors (PARPi), indicating a correlation with treatment response in specific PDX models. Prognostic: The mention of a trending increase in survival with combination therapy compared to monotherapy suggests a correlation with disease outcome, although it did not reach statistical significance.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 142:S4D

      Genes: 142

      Variants: S4D

    2. To determine if the synergy observed in vitro for PARPi-resistant cells translated to in vivo efficacy, SRA737 and PARPi combination therapy was tested in five HGSOC PDX models. Two HR competent CCNE1 amplified HGSOC PDX

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC11253285 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 18

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage discusses the response to therapy involving SRA737 and PARP inhibitors (PARPi), indicating a correlation with treatment response in specific PDX models. Prognostic: The mention of a trending increase in survival with combination therapy compared to monotherapy suggests a correlation with disease outcome, although it did not reach statistical significance.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 142:S4D

      Genes: 142

      Variants: S4D

    1. To characterize the AR mechanism through RET fusions in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients and their survival outcomes, we compared the PFS among patients treated with different EGFR-TKI regimens. However, no significant differ

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC9441062 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 15

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage mentions that patients with L858R mutations were included in a refined cohort, indicating that this variant is used to classify or define a specific group of patients with EGFR mutations in NSCLC. Prognostic: The passage discusses the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with specific mutations, including L858R, suggesting that this variant correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    2. To characterize the AR mechanism through RET fusions in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients and their survival outcomes, we compared the PFS among patients treated with different EGFR-TKI regimens. However, no significant differ

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC9441062 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 15

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage mentions that patients with L858R mutations were included in a refined cohort, indicating that this variant is used to classify or define a specific group of patients with EGFR mutations in NSCLC. Prognostic: The passage discusses the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with specific mutations, including L858R, suggesting that this variant correlates with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 1956:L858R

      Genes: 1956

      Variants: L858R

    1. PIK3CA H1047R, E545K, and E542K mutations in plasma-derived cfDNA were analysed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Median PFS was estimated for patient subgroups defined by PIK3CA mutations in each treatment arm.

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5355930 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the analysis of PIK3CA mutations to define patient subgroups, indicating that these variants are used to classify or associate with a disease or subtype. Prognostic: The mention of estimating median progression-free survival (PFS) for patient subgroups defined by PIK3CA mutations suggests a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5290:E542K 5290:E545K 5290:H1047R

      Genes: 5290

      Variants: E542K E545K H1047R

    2. In the placebo arm, patients with E545K/E542K mutation had shorter PFS and overall survival than those with wild-type PIK3CA (Supplementary Table 2), suggesting that PIK3CA mutations in the helical domain might play a ro

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5355930 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage suggests that patients with E545K/E542K mutations had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival, indicating a potential role of these mutations in resistance to hormone therapy. Prognostic: The mention of shorter PFS and overall survival in patients with the E545K/E542K mutations indicates a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5290:E542K 5290:E545K

      Genes: 5290

      Variants: E542K E545K

    3. PIK3CA H1047R, E545K, and E542K mutations in plasma-derived cfDNA were analysed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Median PFS was estimated for patient subgroups defined by PIK3CA mutations in each treatment arm.

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5355930 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the analysis of PIK3CA mutations to define patient subgroups, indicating that these variants are used to classify or associate with a disease or subtype. Prognostic: The mention of estimating median progression-free survival (PFS) for patient subgroups defined by PIK3CA mutations suggests a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5290:E542K 5290:E545K 5290:H1047R

      Genes: 5290

      Variants: E542K E545K H1047R

    4. In the placebo arm, patients with E545K/E542K mutation had shorter PFS and overall survival than those with wild-type PIK3CA (Supplementary Table 2), suggesting that PIK3CA mutations in the helical domain might play a ro

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5355930 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage suggests that patients with E545K/E542K mutations had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival, indicating a potential role of these mutations in resistance to hormone therapy. Prognostic: The mention of shorter PFS and overall survival in patients with the E545K/E542K mutations indicates a correlation with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 5290:E542K 5290:E545K

      Genes: 5290

      Variants: E542K E545K

    1. Next, we analyzed the expression patterns of RBPs in different types of glioma patients and compared their abundance in expression levels. In our studies, a global analysis of the expression of the mRNA levels of RBPs re

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7226056 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 5

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the reclassification of glioma patients into different types based on expression levels and molecular alterations, indicating that these variants are used to define or classify the disease. Oncogenic: The mention of TERT mutation in gliomas suggests that this somatic variant may contribute to tumor development or progression, as it is associated with different expression levels in tumor types. Prognostic: The passage notes that molecular alterations in gliomas are linked to clinical phenotypes and can predict outcomes, such as overall survival, indicating a prognostic relationship.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7015:CGGA 94) in the TCGA

      Genes: 7015

      Variants: CGGA 94) in the TCGA

    2. Next, we analyzed the expression patterns of RBPs in different types of glioma patients and compared their abundance in expression levels. In our studies, a global analysis of the expression of the mRNA levels of RBPs re

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7226056 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 5

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the reclassification of glioma patients into different types based on expression levels and molecular alterations, indicating that these variants are used to define or classify the disease. Oncogenic: The mention of TERT mutation in gliomas suggests that this somatic variant may contribute to tumor development or progression, as it is associated with different expression levels in tumor types. Prognostic: The passage notes that molecular alterations in gliomas are linked to clinical phenotypes and can predict outcomes, such as overall survival, indicating a prognostic relationship.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 7015:CGGA 94) in the TCGA

      Genes: 7015

      Variants: CGGA 94) in the TCGA

    1. Among the 87 patients of the study population, BRAF was mutated in 13 cases (15%). KRAS codons 61, 146 and BRAF V600E mutations were mutually exclusive. None of the patients bearing BRAF mutation responded to the treatme

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC2736831 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage indicates that none of the patients with the BRAF V600E mutation responded to the treatment, suggesting a correlation between the variant and resistance to therapy. Prognostic: The passage reports that BRAF mutation is associated with significantly shorter overall survival (OS) and a trend towards shorter progression-free survival (PFS), indicating its impact on disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The BRAF V600E mutation is described as a somatic variant that is part of the study population's tumor mutations, contributing to tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    2. Among the 87 patients of the study population, BRAF was mutated in 13 cases (15%). KRAS codons 61, 146 and BRAF V600E mutations were mutually exclusive. None of the patients bearing BRAF mutation responded to the treatme

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC2736831 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 10

      Evidence Type(s): Predictive, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Predictive: The passage indicates that none of the patients with the BRAF V600E mutation responded to the treatment, suggesting a correlation between the variant and resistance to therapy. Prognostic: The passage reports that BRAF mutation is associated with significantly shorter overall survival (OS) and a trend towards shorter progression-free survival (PFS), indicating its impact on disease outcome independent of therapy. Oncogenic: The BRAF V600E mutation is described as a somatic variant that is part of the study population's tumor mutations, contributing to tumor development or progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 673:V600E

      Genes: 673

      Variants: V600E

    1. To further explore potential functions of these SNPs, we performed the eQTL analysis for selected SNPs and mRNA expression of their corresponding genes in cancer tissues by using TCGA dataset. As shown in Figure 3, the a

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Functional, Prognostic

      Justification: Functional: The passage discusses how the alleles of rs16879870 and rs854936 are associated with increased mRNA expression levels of their corresponding genes, indicating an alteration in molecular function. Prognostic: The passage reports that higher expression levels of the genes GJB7 and RTN4R correlate with worse prognosis in HNSCC patients, indicating a relationship with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA

      Variants: rs16879870 rs854936

    2. Furthermore, stratification analyses were conducted to examine whether the effects of risk genotypes on death with HNSCC was modified by sex, age, smoking, drinking status, and clinical stage. However, the heterogeneity

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the effects of risk genotypes, including rs2761591, on death with HNSCC, indicating a correlation with disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 341019:rs2761591

      Genes: 341019

      Variants: rs2761591

    3. ROC model was built to assess the ability of NRG in prediction of HNSCC survival by using the area under the curve (AUC). We constructed two models to compare their ability, one for clinical variables and the other for b

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the ability of a model to predict survival in HNSCC, indicating a correlation between the variant and disease outcome. Predictive: The mention of using NRG in a prediction model for HNSCC survival suggests a relationship with treatment response or sensitivity, aligning with predictive evidence.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 2264:AUC from 0

      Genes: 2264

      Variants: AUC from 0

    4. To provide a better estimation of the hazards of survival, the risk genotypes (i.e., rs16879870 CA+AA, rs2641256 AA, rs2761591 GA, and rs854936 AC) were combined into one variable as the number of risk genotypes (NRG), w

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how the number of risk genotypes (NRG) correlates with the hazard of death in patients with HNSCC, indicating a relationship between the variants and disease outcome. Diagnostic: The variants are used to define and classify patients into groups based on the number of risk genotypes, which is associated with survival outcomes in HNSCC.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    5. In the discovery stage, univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis were further performed to evaluate the effects on risk of death for each of selected SNPs (Table 2), with adjusting of age, gender, smoking, dr

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 6

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of specific SNP genotypes with survival outcomes in HNSCC, indicating that these variants correlate with risk of death independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The passage mentions the classification performance of risk genotypes of selected SNPs, suggesting their use in defining or classifying disease risk.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    6. As shown in Supplementary Figure 1, after QC, we performed Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess associations of 31,075 qualified genetic variants with HNSCC survival, with adjustment for age, gender, smok

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 5

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of specific SNPs with HNSCC patients' survival, indicating that these variants are associated with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    7. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the SNPs (rs16879870, rs2641256, rs2761591, rs854936) might play a crucial role in prognosis of HNSCC.

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that the SNPs are suggested to play a crucial role in the prognosis of HNSCC, which correlates with disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    8. Results: After combining the result of the two stages, 4 SNPs were significantly associated with HNSCC survival (rs16879870 at 6q14.3: adjusted HR = 2.02, 95%CI = 1.50-2.73, P = 3.88 x 10-6; rs2641256 at 17p13.2: adjuste

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 3

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Functional

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of SNPs with HNSCC survival, indicating that these variants correlate with disease outcome, specifically overall survival, independent of therapy. Functional: The passage mentions that the genotype of rs16879870 and rs854936 is significantly associated with the expression of specific genes in cancer tissues, suggesting that these variants alter molecular function.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    9. To further explore potential functions of these SNPs, we performed the eQTL analysis for selected SNPs and mRNA expression of their corresponding genes in cancer tissues by using TCGA dataset. As shown in Figure 3, the a

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 13

      Evidence Type(s): Functional, Prognostic

      Justification: Functional: The passage discusses how the alleles of rs16879870 and rs854936 are associated with increased mRNA expression levels of their corresponding genes, indicating an alteration in molecular function. Prognostic: The passage reports that higher expression levels of the genes GJB7 and RTN4R correlate with worse prognosis in HNSCC patients, indicating a relationship with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA

      Variants: rs16879870 rs854936

    10. Furthermore, stratification analyses were conducted to examine whether the effects of risk genotypes on death with HNSCC was modified by sex, age, smoking, drinking status, and clinical stage. However, the heterogeneity

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 11

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the effects of risk genotypes, including rs2761591, on death with HNSCC, indicating a correlation with disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 341019:rs2761591

      Genes: 341019

      Variants: rs2761591

    11. ROC model was built to assess the ability of NRG in prediction of HNSCC survival by using the area under the curve (AUC). We constructed two models to compare their ability, one for clinical variables and the other for b

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 9

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Predictive

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the ability of a model to predict survival in HNSCC, indicating a correlation between the variant and disease outcome. Predictive: The mention of using NRG in a prediction model for HNSCC survival suggests a relationship with treatment response or sensitivity, aligning with predictive evidence.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 2264:AUC from 0

      Genes: 2264

      Variants: AUC from 0

    12. To provide a better estimation of the hazards of survival, the risk genotypes (i.e., rs16879870 CA+AA, rs2641256 AA, rs2761591 GA, and rs854936 AC) were combined into one variable as the number of risk genotypes (NRG), w

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses how the number of risk genotypes (NRG) correlates with the hazard of death in patients with HNSCC, indicating a relationship between the variants and disease outcome. Diagnostic: The variants are used to define and classify patients into groups based on the number of risk genotypes, which is associated with survival outcomes in HNSCC.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    13. In the discovery stage, univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis were further performed to evaluate the effects on risk of death for each of selected SNPs (Table 2), with adjusting of age, gender, smoking, dr

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 6

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Diagnostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of specific SNP genotypes with survival outcomes in HNSCC, indicating that these variants correlate with risk of death independent of therapy. Diagnostic: The passage mentions the classification performance of risk genotypes of selected SNPs, suggesting their use in defining or classifying disease risk.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    14. As shown in Supplementary Figure 1, after QC, we performed Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess associations of 31,075 qualified genetic variants with HNSCC survival, with adjustment for age, gender, smok

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 5

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the correlation of specific SNPs with HNSCC patients' survival, indicating that these variants are associated with disease outcome independent of therapy.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    15. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the SNPs (rs16879870, rs2641256, rs2761591, rs854936) might play a crucial role in prognosis of HNSCC.

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 4

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage indicates that the SNPs are suggested to play a crucial role in the prognosis of HNSCC, which correlates with disease outcome.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    16. Results: After combining the result of the two stages, 4 SNPs were significantly associated with HNSCC survival (rs16879870 at 6q14.3: adjusted HR = 2.02, 95%CI = 1.50-2.73, P = 3.88 x 10-6; rs2641256 at 17p13.2: adjuste

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC7099049 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 3

      Evidence Type(s): Prognostic, Functional

      Justification: Prognostic: The passage discusses the association of SNPs with HNSCC survival, indicating that these variants correlate with disease outcome, specifically overall survival, independent of therapy. Functional: The passage mentions that the genotype of rs16879870 and rs854936 is significantly associated with the expression of specific genes in cancer tissues, suggesting that these variants alter molecular function.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): NA:rs16879870 388325:rs2641256 341019:rs2761591 NA:rs854936

      Genes: NA 388325 341019

      Variants: rs16879870 rs2641256 rs2761591 rs854936

    1. Identification of genotypes of 580 offspring from crossing Kras+/C118S mice revealed that there was no statistical difference between the observed frequency versus the expected Mendelian ratio of the three genotypes of K

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4234187 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The passage discusses the KrasC118S variant in the context of its role in mouse models, indicating that it does not lead to significant developmental or physiological defects, which suggests its involvement in tumor development or progression. Prognostic: The passage mentions the median lifespan of KrasC118S/C118S mice compared to Kras+/+ mice, indicating a potential correlation with disease outcome, although the difference was not statistically significant.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 4843:C118S

      Genes: 4843

      Variants: C118S

    2. Identification of genotypes of 580 offspring from crossing Kras+/C118S mice revealed that there was no statistical difference between the observed frequency versus the expected Mendelian ratio of the three genotypes of K

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC4234187 Section: RESULTS PassageIndex: 7

      Evidence Type(s): Oncogenic, Prognostic

      Justification: Oncogenic: The passage discusses the KrasC118S variant in the context of its role in mouse models, indicating that it does not lead to significant developmental or physiological defects, which suggests its involvement in tumor development or progression. Prognostic: The passage mentions the median lifespan of KrasC118S/C118S mice compared to Kras+/+ mice, indicating a potential correlation with disease outcome, although the difference was not statistically significant.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 4843:C118S

      Genes: 4843

      Variants: C118S

    1. Background: H3 K27M mutation was originally described in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), but has been recently recognized to occur also in adult midline diffuse gliomas, as well as midline tumors wit

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5822176 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the H3 K27M mutation's association with various tumor types, indicating its role in defining and classifying these tumors, particularly in pediatric and adult cohorts. Prognostic: The passage mentions survival outcomes for patients with H3 K27M-mutant tumors, comparing mean survival times between adults and pediatric patients, which indicates a correlation with disease outcome. Oncogenic: The H3 K27M mutation is described as contributing to tumor development in various glioma types, indicating its role as a somatic variant involved in tumor progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3417:K27M

      Genes: 3417

      Variants: K27M

    2. Background: H3 K27M mutation was originally described in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), but has been recently recognized to occur also in adult midline diffuse gliomas, as well as midline tumors wit

      [Paragraph-level] PMCID: PMC5822176 Section: ABSTRACT PassageIndex: 1

      Evidence Type(s): Diagnostic, Prognostic, Oncogenic

      Justification: Diagnostic: The passage discusses the H3 K27M mutation's association with various tumor types, indicating its role in defining and classifying these tumors, particularly in pediatric and adult cohorts. Prognostic: The passage mentions survival outcomes for patients with H3 K27M-mutant tumors, comparing mean survival times between adults and pediatric patients, which indicates a correlation with disease outcome. Oncogenic: The H3 K27M mutation is described as contributing to tumor development in various glioma types, indicating its role as a somatic variant involved in tumor progression.

      Gene→Variant (gene-first): 3417:K27M

      Genes: 3417

      Variants: K27M

  2. Dec 2022