As Bentham realized and Foucault emphasized, the system workseven if there is no one in the guard house. The very fact of generalvisibility-being seeable more than being seen-will be enough toproduce effective social control.4 Indeed, awareness of being visiblemakes people the agents of their own subjection. Writes Foucault,He who is subjected to a field of visibility, and who knows it, as-sumes responsibility for the constraints of power; he makes themplay spontaneously upon himself; he inscribes in himself the powerrelation in which he simultaneously plays both roles; he becomesthe principle of his own subjection.

Amazon.com Inc. is positioning Alexa, its artificial-intelligence assistant, to track consumers’ prescriptions and relay personal health information, in a bid to insert the technology into everyday health care.

the terrible, horrible, no-good university administrators are trying to build a panopticon in which they can oppress the faculty

Mount St. Mary’s use of predictive analytics to encourage at-risk students to drop out to elevate the retention rate reveals how analytics can be abused without student knowledge and consent