Nutrient-rich environments allow for rapid growth of bacterial cultures. This is due to the fact that nutrient-rich environments provide many different types of organic and inorganic compounds which bacteria use as a source of energy.
Temperature growth can have a significant impact on bacterial growth. Optimal temperature allows for the metabolic processes within bacteria to perform at an effective rate, allowing for an increase in bacterial growth. When the temperature of growth medium is below or above optimal, bacterial growth decreases and cell death may occur.
Please check out the following video on engineered bacteria and synthetic genetic circuits: Syntheic Biology: Programming Living Bacteria - Christopher Voigt
https://youtu.be/lNttxYdGHs4