Creation can be viewed simply as the act of producing, or causing to exist.  Construction is the building or assembling of an infrastructure. Construction is equal parts inspiration and perspiration. Construction calls on creativity as well as persistence, flexibility, and revision. Construction asks our students and teachers to focus on the power and patience employed during work process…and not just the final resultant work product. Construction also brings in the role of groups of learners in the process of learning and as a result includes elements of social and cognitive constructivism. Learners are encouraged to be creative as they build and revise content.

Phase 3: Student-Centered Learning During Phase 3, students work both individually and in small groups at using strategies and skills from the previous phases to develop lines of inquiry around curricular topics. This type of project requires clear questions, multiple reliable sources, citations, and a final product that communicates that information to others.

Teacher modeling in the beginning of the phase gives way to student modeling in the latter half. Students take responsibility for teaching their peers a variety of online reading comprehension strategies. Instruction also begins to move from search skills to critical evaluation and synthesis skills. (

Reciprocal teaching revolves around four global comprehension strategies: predicting, questioning, clarifying, and summarizing. The teacher explains these strategies to small groups using a shared text, first modeling their use, and then asking students to lead the groups. Internet reciprocal teaching builds on the same principles; however, the teacher first instructs students in a whole-class setting with each person constructing his or her own text while building the online reading comprehension strategies of questioning, locating, evaluating, synthesizing, and communicating.

Substitution  The SAMR Ladder: Questions and Transitions What will I gain by replacing the older technology with the new technology? Augmentation The SAMR Ladder: Questions and Transitions Substitution to Augmentation Have I added an improvement to the task process that could not be accomplished with the older technology at a fundamental level? How does this feature contribute to my design? Modification The SAMR Ladder: Questions and Transitions Augmentation to Modification How is the original task being modified? Does this modification fundamentally depend upon the new technology? How does this modification contribute to my design? Redefinition The SAMR Ladder: Questions and Transitions Modification to Redefinition What is the new task? Will any portion of the original task be retained? How is the new task uniquely made possible by the new technology? How does it contribute to my design?

I have just mentioned the civic, critical, creative, and communicative. The other four are cultural, cognitive, constructive, and confidence.

Digital skills focus on what and how. Digital literacy focuses on why, when, who, and for whom.

Learning through making

1) develop more educators, advocates, and community leaders who can leverage and advance the web as an open and public resource,

These tenets are fulfilled when students set up individual learning goals and customize their learning environments to achieve those goals.