figure below

nuclear pore complex.

particularly

signal sequence.

or a set commas. 

An appositive is a word or group of words that describes or renames a noun or pronoun.

keep the sentence

A relative clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and describes a noun. Relative clauses function as adjectives by answering questions such as which one? or what kind? Relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun, such as who, which, where, why, or when. Read the following examples:

As with the –ing modifier, be careful to place the word that the phrase modifies immediately after the phrase in order to avoid a dangling modifier.

A relative clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb and describes a noun.

of be as a

Modifier

A truck was parked in the driveway. Parked in the driveway was a truck.

They will also make

The key point is this: one of the best things you can do to revise for greater clarity is to recast a passage so that the characters are the grammatical subjects and the key actions are the verbs.

offer another key point

Look for bits that are redundant: (“each and every,” “unexpected surprise,” “predictions about the future”), meaningless (“very unique,” “certain factors,” “slightly terrifying”), or clichéd (“as far as the eye can see,” or “long march of time”).

but everything in the

the same idea

Attributions

Exercise 14.2.114.2.1

A goddess as a child, a queen at eighteen, a celebrity soon thereafter, she was an object of speculation and veneration, gossip and legend, even in her own time.

Look for words and phrases that you can cut entirely.

Wordiness may seem to add to our academic credibility, and it can cover over areas of uncertainty

everything in the final version should add something unique to the paper.

some significant work for the paper as a whole

repetition

Why is it important to be concise?

Why is it important to be concise?

The stress is the amount of deformation in the material, such as the change in length in an extensional experiment, expressed as a fraction of the beginning length. The strain is the force exerted on the sample divided by the cross-sectional area of the sample.

Professional technical writers rely on these strategies to ensure the technical accuracy of their work: Study of books, articles, reports, websites related to the product Product specifications: what the product is supposed to do, how it is designed Interviews with subject matter experts: the product specialists, developers, engineers Product meetings during the development cycle Live demonstrations of the product Familiarization with similar, competing products Experimenting with working models of the product Subject matter experts’ review of technical writers’ work for technical accuracy and completeness

A memo (or memorandum, meaning “reminder”) is normally used for communicating policies, procedures, or related official business within an organization. It is often written from a one-to-all perspective (like mass communication), broadcasting a message to an audience, rather than a one-on-one, interpersonal communication. It may also be used to update a team on activities for a given project, or to inform a specific group within a company of an event, action, or observance.

Oxyacids

from

corms

that is what we call the molecule that "holds" the proto

carboxylic acid functional gro

if $$\ker L=\{ 0_{V} \}\, .\]

o understand survivorship curves you can use survivorship schedules (Sx) to calculate and graph

These counts can be used as if they were counts of survivors in a cohort

Biologists are often interested in knowing the “value” of the different individuals from a practical standpoint because knowing something about the reproductive value can suggest which individuals should be harvested, killed, transplanted, etc. from a conservation or management perspective.

survivorship schedule

atm

Because per capita birth and death rates do not change in response to the size (or density) of the population, this model is said to be density-independent.

Is illegal immigration actually wrong? Is it unethical to cross a border without permission

important science-based issues that face us today and will only become more urgent in the years ahead

approach each other with a genuine curiosity to build a science conversation that is enlivened by a search for mutual understanding regardless of a position held on an issu

table with a base level of information and a willingness to listen to each other’s concerns, we can replace the polarization of our current public discourse with productive public problem solving

be prepared to engage in difficult conversations with fellow citizens with different opinions so that dialogue is valued over doctrine

sufficiently science literate to understand the nuances of the important science-based issues of our day

any program to increase science literacy must equally embrace the goals of promoting a respectful, civic conversation that will work towards shared understanding

people with diverse views on science-related issues to wrestle with these conflicting values

understanding the science is perhaps the easier part of the equation

science was connected to a loved one’s struggle with addiction

Students confront the emotional and personal consequences of science and its relationship to their lives

encourages these not-necessarily-science-lovers to explore the ways science affects their everyday lives

all sides are armed with basic scientific knowledge and have a legitimate voice in the conversation

helping the public engage in open-minded discussions about these types of questions

they can engage in the critical thinking needed to apply healthy skepticism and to discern the grey areas and uncertainties inherent in science-based information.

should have a working knowledge of the basic terminology needed to interpret the processes and outcomes of science

science is reproducible, evidence-based information that is fact and not opinion

Science literacy is a foundational knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and processes

Science literacy is a path to that knowledge.

we risk falling prey to the tremendous power of fear and partisan political rhetoric

solid understanding of the underlying science and its implications for our daily lives, we can neither respond intelligently on a personal level nor hold our public officials accountable for sound policy decision

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males, females, and intersex persons, including both their primary and secondary sex characteristics. Gender,

comounds?

the

parenthetical citation. If one

the page numbe

the parentheses. 

("Abbreviated Title"). 

(Lastname).

In parentheses after the quotation or paraphrase, w

We need to help readers

in

After the header, the next double-spaced line should include the title of your paper.

words or phrases you

The simplest way to get the format right is to use a template.  You can download this MLA format essay template and open it in any word processing program. (You can also make a copy of the Google Docs template rather than downloading.) Then just replace the text with your own name, title, and essay. A slightly different way is to create a new document in Google Docs, Pages, or Microsoft Word and use the built-in template for MLA essays. You'll want to choose the option to create a new document from a template and then search the template gallery for "MLA," which may be categorized under "Education."

larger

one larger

s,

Figure 14.6.3

sin(ωx)+ϕ+

+

Atoms

energy

y″−y′−6y=0y″−y′−6y=0

y″+3y′−4y=0y″+3y′−4y=0

research. You can look them up directly.

the other

That immediately tells you which ones are on the same topic and offer newer findings.

you can use article databases to find newer articles that cited it in their own literature reviews.

and they found the analysis to be well constructed. Thus, you can accept the findings as legitimate and just focus on the passages that explain the findings and their significance in plainer language.

tells you what you should be reading for in each section.

You shouldn’t ever have the experience of reading the whole paper just to discover it’s not useful.

in order to quickly find the highest quality sources.

editors often try to get reviews

to authors

the editor will reject it outright. If it looks appropriate and sufficiently high quality, the editor will recruit a few other experts in the field to act as anonymous peer reviewers. The editor

in the field

and sufficiently high quality,

The editor reads over the manuscript

article manuscript

Not all papers are so “sciencey.”

Abstract: A one-paragraph summary of the article: its purpose, methods, findings, and significance. Introduction: An overview of the key question or problem that the paper addresses, why it is important, and the key conclusion(s) (i.e., thesis or theses) of the paper. Literature review: A synthesis of all the relevant prior research (the so-called “academic literature” on the subject) that explains why the paper makes an original and important contribution to the body of knowledge. Data and methods: An explanation of what data or information the author(s) used and what they did with it. Results: A full explanation of the key findings of the study. Conclusion/discussion: Puts the key findings or insights from the paper into their broader context; explains why they matter.

Thus, in a lot of fields they

they’ve done in their research, what they’ve found, and why they think it’s important.

the high esteem they have in the eyes of your professors.

Their origin

Attribution 

satisfying

Editing for style can then be a satisfying and not overly burdensome part of the process.

Once we have our ideas clear, it will be easier write effective sentences

revision process

separate the drafting process from the revision process

Compare the following two versions of a sentence:

We can develop this sense of confidence, however, without fancy vocabulary or a hyper-formal, fussy style.

it takes a genius to make complicated things simple.

annoying rather than impressive

Unnecessary jargon, fancy vocabulary, and convoluted sentences can make anything harder to understand. 

alienating readers

elegant, graceful, and pleasing word combinations

clarity should be our first goal

stylistic choices we make should also help our readers understand

self-consciously scholarly style

clothing style can shape how we see a person

Prioritize clarity

Types of Sources

(fabric, textiles, or weaving).

instead of “ancient world” (antiquity,

Similarly, you found

critically

keywords to search on

These

providing the information

couple paragraphs

or credible

Tier 2:

state of the world,

presses that cite their sources;

cite their sources

magazines like The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The London Times, or The Economist are based

There are three main categories.

Thus, Tier 2 sources

I describe this process below.

Learning how to read and use these sources is a fundamental part of being a college student.

scholars

by some academic

with scholars

different people.

state of the world

sources to use?

Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence.

were tied directly

As you can see,

were

Combine research findings from multiple sources to make a larger summary argument. You might find that none of the sources you’re working with specifically claim that early 20th-century British literature was preoccupied with changing gender roles but that, together, their findings all point to that broader conclusion. Combine research findings from multiple sources to make a claim about their implications. You might review papers that explore various factors shaping voting behavior to argue that a particular voting-reform proposal will likely have positive impacts. Identify underlying areas of agreement. You may argue that the literature on cancer and the literature on violence both describe the unrecognized importance of prevention and early intervention. This similarity will support your claim that insights about one set of problems may be useful for the other. Identify underlying areas of disagreement. You may find that the controversies surrounding educational reform—and its debates about accountability, curricula, school funding—ultimately stem from different assumptions about the role of schools in society. Identify unanswered questions. Perhaps you review studies of the genetic and behavioral contributors to diabetes in order to highlight unknown factors and argue for more in-depth research on the role of the environment.

your own original point.

similarity and difference between them

what each one says,

Describing this conversation can be the springboard for your own original point.

each one says,

similarity and difference between them.

someone else’s

but limits,

who is saying what about our topic?

but the conversation itself

conversation

research.

a sense

Black/white

ones like Amazon require

research.

challenging or potentially arguable

If we already have a guess as to what our answer is likely to be, we may want to articulate that as well in what is sometimes called a working thesis. We can come up with a hypothesis that we will test against the information you find in sources as we research. Keep in mind, we may want to modify the question and the hypothesis as we learn more. 

If you are finding it hard to be specific about a topic, we can take a break from defining it and keep researching and brainstorming.

However, as

they

Say

the

As we research solar energy

which we are interested in

If we read

topic

topic

Choosing a Focused Topic 

, but

This chapter

the major requirements.

important

this

the rest of the sentence on the other side

the most important

requirements,

essay

Circle