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  1. Last 7 days
    1. 64-year-old man carrying the VHL gene mutation affected by simultaneous colon adenocarcinoma, renal clear cell carcinoma and adrenal pheochromocytoma.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 75Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's brother had hypertension at age 77 and was found to carry the mutation. The patient's niece had breast cancer at age 33. Refer to Figure 4 for Pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770, HP:0040276, HP:0006748, HP:0001407, HP:0002716, HP:0032618, HP:0100526, HP:0100598 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the colon, adrenal pheochromocytoma, hepatic cysts, lymphadenopathy, renal necrosis, neoplasm of the lung, pulmonary edema)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient admitted at age 64 for intermittent abdominal pain, loss of appetite and constipation. He was found to have a solid tumor with areas of colliquative necrosis in the upper pole of the left kidney. The scans also showed distension of the colon with concomitant wall thickening, indicating possible neoplasia. Colonoscopy revealed a small polyp in the rectum-sigmoid junction, and a subsequent histological exam confirmed a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Both tumours were removed via a left hemicolectomy and left radical nephrectomy. A histologic examination of the kidney revealed renal clear cell carcinoma. Five years later, an abdominal CT scan revealed an adrenal pheochromocytoma in the right adrenal gland and multiple hepatic cysts in the right kidney and liver. The patient underwent a right adrenalectomy which found no convincing evidence of malignancy. At age 73 total body positron emission tomography (PET)-CT revealed the presence of several metastatic sites (both lungs, a 12×10 mm right sovraclaveare lymphadenopathy, and a 32×12 mm lesions at the mediastinum). An agobiopsy and cytologic broncholavage showed lymphocytes and epithelial cells with voluminous clear cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli, confirming the presence of metastatic lesions of clear cell renal carcinoma. In the same year, CT imaging revealed progression of pulmonary disease. One year later, a new CT scan revealed hepatic metastases and worsening of the mediastinal adenopathy and pulmonary metastases. At age 75, a new CT scan showed stable disease at various metastatic sites with minimal pleural effusion. Later in the month the patient was hospitalized for severe dyspnea, fatigue, and lower limb edema and died a few days later.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Fundoscopy revealed no vascular abnormalities of the retina.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P25L (c.74C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93330 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93330/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.002988 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183605-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName:P25L (c.74C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 23

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 31Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband, patient 23, had a brother (patient 24) and father (patient 25) who were both genetically confirmed with the mutation. The brother presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic cysts/tumors at age 32. The father presented with renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cysts/tumors at age 58.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband, patient 23, presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 31.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R69Afs*63 (c.204_205insG)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA913189244; https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.204_205insG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: R69AFS*63 (c.204_205insG)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 25

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 58Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband, patient 23, had a brother (patient 24) and father (patient 25) who were both genetically confirmed with the mutation. The brother presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic cysts/tumors at age 32. The father presented with renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cysts/tumors at age 58.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's father, patient 25, presented with renal cell carcinoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R69Afs*63 (c.204_205insG)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA913189244; https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.204_205insG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: R69AFS*63 (c.204_205insG)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. patients with VHL disease (Figs. 1 and 2, and Table 1)

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 2

      Case: F, 69Y0M, Arab

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history of VHL disease was described for this patient. Immediate family members were recommended to genetically test for the relevant variant or monitor for VHL-related symptoms.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0006880; HP:0009713; HP:0000107; HP:0001737 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma; cerebellar hemangioblastoma; spinal hemangioblastoma; renal cyst; pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 63Y, Patient 3 had a left radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. She also had multiple pancreatic and right renal cysts. At 67Y, Patient 3 exhibited cerebellar and spinal hemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma, and cysts in kidneys and pancreas. She was diagnosed with VHL disease. Two years later, had a right radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. Her entire pancreas was covered with cysts (see table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002088; HP:0001392; HP:0005264; HP:0001743 (abnormal lung morphology; abnormality of the liver; abnormality of the gallbladder; abnormality of the spleen)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No lesions were observed in the lungs, liver, gallbladder, and spleen.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.I151T (c.452T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428803, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428803/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: I151T (c.452T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

  2. Nov 2026
    1. PatientID: 141

      KindredID: 52

      Case: F, 69Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 138) had multiple family members affected with the mutation. Their daughter (pt 139) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment; their son (pt 140) was also asymptomatic at the time of assessment; their mother (pt 141) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 66, renal cell carcinoma at 69, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 66; their sister 1 (pt 142) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 32, renal cell carcinoma at 36, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 36; the son of sister 1 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis; the daughter of sister 1 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis; the proband's sister 2 presented at age 39 with CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors; and the son of sister 2 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis. All members of this family were genetically confirmed to have this mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's mother (patient 141) had a CNS hemangioblastoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 66, and renal cell carcinoma at 69.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: c.464-1G>C

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223220; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223220/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 6321

      KindredID: 343

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Severe renal disease (any solid lesion before 25 years of age, five or more solid lesions within one or two kidneys, or metastasis of renal cell carcinoma). Individual RCC phenotype is noted as positive.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.R69Afs*63 (c.204dup)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA913189244, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.204dup

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: duplication; plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: R69Afs*63 (c.204dup)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Loss of heterozygosity of the second VHL allele can be consistently demonstrated in tumor tissue from these patients, suggesting that allelic deletion is a very early or even initiating event for tumorigenesis.

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 3

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: renal cell carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R69C (c.205C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 1059402 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/1059402/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: germline deletion on chromosome 3 (>35kb, <90kb) resulting in complete loss of VHL gene. Renal cell carcinoma sample from this patient shows a missense somatic mutation R69C(c.205C>T) in the second copy of VHL gene.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Deletion AND R69C (c.205C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, Gene deletion

  3. Oct 2026
    1. PatientID: 26

      KindredID: N/A

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: The authors evaluated 64 VHL patients (32 women and 32 men) with renal involvement of whom 54/64 had undergone renal surgery or a radiofrequency thermal ablation procedure for RCC. In 10/64 VHL patients, at least one or more RCC were diagnosed, however at the time of diagnosis an indication for treatment was not yet present. For all patients several CT/MRI scans existed for retrospective description of tumour growth kinetics.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This is a tumor resolution study (VHL patients were investigated based on the presence of renal tumors.) No other phenotypic information is available.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table S6 describes 3 patients with small insertions, including this patient.

      Variant: p.R69Afs*63 (c.204dup)

      LegacyVariant: c.417insG

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA913189244

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: plus_1_frameshift_variant, duplication

      CivicName: R69Afs*63 (c.204_205insG)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

  4. Jul 2025
  5. Feb 2025
  6. Feb 2024
  7. Mar 2021
    1. Results for individual PALB2 variants were normalized relative to WT-PALB2 and the p.Tyr551ter (p.Y551X) truncating variant on a 1:5 scale with the fold change in GFP-positive cells for WT set at 5.0 and fold change GFP-positive cells for p.Y551X set at 1.0. The p.L24S (c.71T>C), p.L35P (c.104T>C), p.I944N (c.2831T>A), and p.L1070P (c.3209T>C) variants and all protein-truncating frame-shift and deletion variants tested were deficient in HDR activity, with normalized fold change <2.0 (approximately 40% activity) (Fig. 1a).

      AssayResult: 4.9

      AssayResultAssertion: Normal

      StandardErrorMean: 0.08

    1. Most Suspected Brugada Syndrome Variants Had (Partial) Loss of Function

      AssayResult: 23.1

      AssayResultAssertion: Abnormal

      ReplicateCount: 33

      StandardErrorMean: 3.2

      Comment: This variant had partial loss of function of peak current (10-50% of wildtype), therefore it was considered abnormal (in vitro features consistent with Brugada Syndrome Type 1). (Personal communication: A. Glazer)

  8. Mar 2018
  9. Oct 2016
  10. Oct 2015
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