16:30 "But the only fatwa that has, in fact, said that no images of Mohammed are permitted, and that includes Islamic paintings, not just the cartoons, came out in 2013 in Saudi Arabia by a Salafi cleric whose name is Al-Munajid. And there are other fatwas like Asistani, the Shi'i cleric, who says these images are perfectly fine, as long as they're respectful."

20:00 Fatwas can be issued (like the above) in a vacuum without any real conversation within the Islamic community. Few years back even building a snowman fatwa as haram. Animals are decapitated in Saudi textbooks. People in 20th century having 14th century book that depicts a head, decapitating it (al-ras).

15:30 The advent of media allowing for more images to be produced of the prophet. This in turn led to more anxiety under the Islamic community. See The Message (and the other movies) as examples of this increase of anxiety.

05:00 Gruber discusses how the canon should be decolonised (how eurocentrism should be replaced with different centres of interests) and how showing the prophet actually contributes to that purpose (including 14th century Iran that portrays these depictions of Muhammad).

07:30 Wow, interesting point: The people back then struggled with the question of how to depict prophetic and divine figures. How to do that? Certain anxieties underlying this.

08:30 A week before the incident, Lopez showed art in India and of the Buddha and so on. A whole course on how the divine is presented, and struggled with, in different regions and cultures, other than the West (an Eurocentric view).

Severe lack of context of the incident, and the historical context of portraying Mohammed, is very evident here. The imam says "that we Muslims don't show images of the prophet" which is partially true, some Muslims don't. An interesting parallel with the general outcry of support for the teacher.

Jaylani Hussein says that most Muslims don't support portraying the prophet, whilst acknowledging that some do. (But portraying the prophet thus is not good). Even says it is Islamophobia at 2:00

"The president of the Muslim student association" Aram Wedetella also in the class speaks up.

04:30 Question of how these images are now marginalised in the Islamic community. Came from the Ottoman Empire? Safi blames the rise of Salafi and Wahhabi movements. These images seem to portray mainly the mi'raj, ie spiritual and mystical dimensions. And the prophet portrayed in companion with other prophets (ie the universality of Islam).

"We believe in academic freedom, but it should not and cannot be used to excuse away behavior that harms others." (STATEMENT FROM HAMLINE UNIVERSITY) The above statements shows the struggle that Hamline faced when deciding to fire Erika Lopez Prater. A tension between academic freedom and insulting others.

1:05 A good point by Safi is that the statements of the director was assuming that the freedom of speech was in direct opposition to the feelings of Muslims. This is not the case. A difference between iconical devotion within the Islamic tradition (both Sunni and Shia) and Charlie Hebdo examples.

03:00 Both to respect students and expand their horizons. Not everyone needs to agree with it.