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    1. Contractile heterogeneity of individual cardiomyocytes from HCM-patients compared to donor cardiomyocytes. Single cardiomyocytes were isolated from frozen heart tissue of HCM-patients (red) with the mutation R723G (left) or A200V (right), respectively, and from donor individuals (blue) as controls. Cardiomyocytes were permeabilized, and after adjustment of phosphorylation levels [57, 61, 80, 114, 119], they were subjected to different calcium concentrations and the respective force generation was measured. Depicted are the forces of individual left ventricular cardiomyocytes at different calcium concentrations (force-pCa-relations), normalized to maximum force. Each symbol and curve represents a different individual cell. The boxes at physiological calcium concentration highlight the much larger variance in force generation among individual cardiomyocytes from the patients compared to controls. Figure reprinted from [82] and modified, with permission from Frontiers

      Variant 1: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2167C>G (p.Arg723Gly)

      ClinVar: 42885, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42885/

      gnomAD: n/a

      Variant 2: NM_000257.4:c.599C>T (p.Ala200Val)

      CAID: CA389052449, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389052449

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. German Landrace pigs

      ExperimentalAssay: The authors used TALEN genome editing to introduce the orthologous mutation in MYH7 into pigs. Sanger sequencing verified successful knock-in. Most of the pigs using embryos with this mutation died prematurely, with the surviving cohort showing phenotypes of HCM similar to those in human patients. Whole genome sequencing was also performed to test for off-target mutations, but none were found.


      Human Variant

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2167C>G (p.Arg723Gly)

      ClinVar: 42885 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42885/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD


      Pig Variant

      Variant: NM_213855:c.2223C>G

      This variant is orthologous to the above mutation in humans.