Most of the exercises in the text are laid out in such a way that it’s meant to be written on: I’m sure you can understand that with a $350 text, students would be reluctant to write in their textbooks in order to benefit from a high resale value; however, here, with a no-cost (or low-cost) text, putting pen to textbook paper was a natural and regular practice.

The US strategy will have the biggest impact in the short run, but doesn’t necessarily lead to a change in behavior.

accessible

which is a much broader process of opening up universities.

Open Educational Practice (OEP).

The first ten years were mostly focused on the creation of more open resources. Over the last five years, the focus has shifted towards adoption.

Textbooks will be forgotten. Individualization will be rampant at all levels of schooling above eighth grade.

There was a heated debate, but the Republican Party eventually decided to continue to support the incumbent, as he polled stronger on immigration and gun control issues.

the declining benefit to employment of having a university degree,

We can know all the history of innovation in education and technology, even have all the tools and code that they used and some of the things that they made, but it isn’t the same stuff as the knowledge that is used to run the world.

Of course, no person of that age could ever afford (or be permitted) to attend college now, and the “career break” crowd would never have the time or the inclination to even look at a textbook.

Two weeks on the transatlantic steamer have given me the time and the space to put myself back into the mindset of the “Uber Age,”

Maybe what we knew wasn’t as important to the world as we thought. You hear that England voted to leave the Atlantic Ocean last month?

It was just learning by staring at a screen, and having some computer record everything you did so it could pretend that it knew you. Which was pretty much like regular university education, actually.

Assessments:

a content API. Rather than getting the content through an HTML page, we can just get the raw HTML, which can be styled appropriately by whatever LMS CMS that we want to use.

more modular content that can be placed into different delivery systems which can interoperate.

By providing lower-cost pathways to graduation that feature open pedagogical practices designed to enhance student engagement, the institution removes more barriers to successful education and career attainment

but publicly through the use of open licensing and posting to publicly available websites

A popular assignment for writing classes is having students develop openly licensed articles for Wikipedia.

student engagement

In this broader definition of openness, we need to consider what makes a learner successful and persistent in the timely completion of their academic and career goals.

Improved tools and workflows will reduce existing barriers to ready adoption and implementation.

including mechanisms for updates and maintenanc

funds will be allocated to support the necessary infrastructure

Learning, in both formal and informal settings, will be deepened, peer-based and collaborative, and extend to broader networks. The evolution of these new cultural norms

With technological advances, the continuous loop of Open Educational Resources used in context for learning, with immediate assessment and feedback data on learning outcomes, will be realized. Rapidly, useless content and assessments will be reworked and improved. Pedagogical data gathered, stripped of individual identifying information, will be openly available to accelerate the next stage of innovation.

the vast majority of humanity will engage in learning through what we now call supplemental resources,

could be stored, distributed, and copied

updated its technology to make it simple for everyone to share education materials with a single click

The ‘recorded’ item, the open educational resource, has a low headline price, which has been great for creating an educational commons, but the price of an educational experience has diverged between the very high cost, place-based ‘experiences’ in the presence of ‘top’ educators and the lower cost blended or online-only ‘experiences’ for everyone who cannot afford those place-based experiences.

those same corporate behaviors.

Yes, folks sampled other people’s work, and yes, they could produce their own work and release it on the Web as they saw fit, but very, very few ‘made it’ without the support of the big boys.

Although free at the point of use, MOOCs actually fitted a consumerist model of behavior, rather than the prosumer and co-production of knowledge model that many advocates sought.

anyone can add resources to the commons, and yes, anyone can adapt, modify, and republish what is already there, but in reality this reaches far fewer people than the big boys do.

Finally, individuals and communities are producing innumerable resources.

One of the primary learning skills will be the selection and evaluation of resources.

ways that simultaneously improve their learning and the content they are learning with.

Wiki Education Foundation to promote editing of Wikipedia by students in academic contexts

not simply widespread, equitable access to content,

use in effective ways,

students and educators improved existing content, adding real value back to the real world.

engage his students in adapting a textbook to better fit the course outcomes.

the technical issues OER have faced for the first 15 years of their formal existence – particularly around search and discovery.

students and educators improved existing content, adding real value back to the real world.

Using the full potential of OER by intentionally leveraging the open licenses is called open educational practice (OEP, or sometimes Open Pedagogy).

The ultimate value of OER is in the potential it holds to dramatically improve teaching and learning – value above and beyond what proprietary content can provide, given equal technology.

I believe that most education technologists pay the heaviest attention to the bottom three layers of this framework, with occasional attention to the content layer. Attention to actual teaching and learning is rare.

Navigating the modern educational landscape shares many parallels to navigating the physical world: learners are often trying to get somewhere (e.g., a job, a certification, or a set of marketable skills), they may want to know what topics or skills are “nearby,” and they may want to know what kind of roadblocks they may encounter along the way.

value-added groupings.

learning pathways lead to valuable skills (Lumina Foundation, 2016)

data-driven decisions in order to measure, improve, and adapt student learning?

However, with a few exceptions, I’m still not seeing institutions embrace the entire spectrum of openness.

students and faculty as active contributors

whereby the learning analytics and data about the institution are open and available

uses open source software for its administration and for teaching and learning involves students and faculty in research which is published in open access journals for all to see and use

the themes

Open pedagogy – As OER becomes more of an accepted part of practice, openness encourages more experimentation with pedagogy, as well as a move from doing the same things more cheaply to exploiting the options of openness.

OER and data analytics – OER in combination with learning analytics, and the crossover with data viewed as an OER in itself.

There will be more collaboration, more attention to providing support to individuals, and more interaction between learners, as well as between learners and teachers.

open resources that address skills like collaboration and cross-cultural understanding, and resources tailored to workforce development needs, tie open education to skills as well as knowledge, which makes it even more valuable.

Open educational practice can not only model how to navigate a broad pool of information to find the most appropriate resources for understanding a topic

Second, the ideas around open pedagogy are still emerging.

Teachers are innovating their approaches to teaching, such as those inspired to bring their students in as the co-creators of their educational experiences (Example 1, Example 2)

educational building blocks