the revenges we are bound to take upon your traitorous father are not fit for your beholding.
Cornwall knows that Edmund is capable of killing his father=> dark verbal irony
the revenges we are bound to take upon your traitorous father are not fit for your beholding.
Cornwall knows that Edmund is capable of killing his father=> dark verbal irony
festinate
fast
sister company
Goneril's company
Reg. Hang him instantly. Gon. Pluck out his eyes.
Cornwall and Albany will unite to resist the French
letter
letter that Gloucester showed Edmund
When grief hath mates, and bearing fellowship. 85 How light and portable my pain seems now, When that which makes me bend makes the king bow; He childed as I father’d! Tom, away! Mark the high noises, and thyself bewray When false opinion, whose wrong thought defiles thee, 90 In thy just proof repeals and reconciles thee.
couplets
Lurk, lurk.
keep hiding!
safe ’scape the king
hopes for the king's wellbeing=> genuinely caring for the king=> loyal
father’d
cruel father
childed
cruel children
portable
endurable
hath mates, and bearing fellowship.
that bear the pain
sufferance doth o’erskip,
pass over much suffering
i’ the mind,
as opposed to the body
our miseries our foes.
our troubles are no longer great
betters
people superior
Stand in hard cure.
cure from insanity
if convenience will not allow
not allowed
balm’d thy broken sinews,
soothing ointment for tortured nerves
Stand in assured loss.
will be killed
dally-half an hour
delay
welcome and protection
loyal alliances
litter
cart
draw the curtains
he imagines he is in his own bed
so, so, so. We’ll go to supper i’ the morning: so, so, so.
Fool's last line of the play (folio)
you will say, they are Persian attire; but let them be changed.
poet Horace disliked the elaborate dress of Persians
Poor Tom, thy horn is dry.
Bedlam beggars wore a horn around neck to carry coins and to drink from
hatch
closed lower part of a divided door
Tom will make them weep and wail:
Tom pledges allegiance to Lear
curs!
mutts
Tray, Blanch, and Sweet-heart
Lear imagines his daughters as dogs
they bark at me.
similarly have outside him
mar
ruin
counterfeiting.
disguise
part
feel pity for him
What store her heart is made on. Stop her there! Arms, arms, sword, fire! Corruption in the place! False justicer, why hast thou let her ’scape?
Lear imagines that she flees the courtroom
Arms, arms, sword, fire!
call on soldiers
warp’d looks proclaim
ugly face
joint-stool.
as opposed to a strong Chair
I here take my oath before this honourable assembly, she kicked the poor king her father.
it is evident that Lear pretends to be someone else
Purr! the cat is grey.
apparent insanity
Sleepest or wakest thou, jolly shepherd? Thy sheep be in the corn; And for one blast of thy minikin mouth, Thy sheep shall take no harm.
lyrics of a song=> sheep comes to no harm unless sheperd sings
minikin
delicate
commission
part of the judging committee
yoke-fellow
partner
evidence.
for the execution of Goneril and Regan
Hopdance
another devil
nightingale.
Fool
Come o’er the bourn, Bessy, to me,—
song in which man calls his lover to cross a stream=> Tom shows love to devil by calling it
Her boat hath a leak, And she must not speak Why she dares not come over to thee.
fool continues the song
bourn
stream
he
concept of he=> devil
sapient
wise
justicer;
judge
It shall be done; I will arraign them straight.
assign a charge (court)
oath
loyalty
a horse’s health
horse dealers lie of the health
red burning spits
devils
yeoman
lower in status than gentleman
angler in the lake of darkness.
metaphor: fisherman in lake of hell
Nero
tyrant ruler in Rome
Frateretto
demon
impatience.
he cannot take the suffering
dearer father
himself as a better father
that and my blood.
between loyalty to Cornwall and blood with father
king
act of treason
Seek out where thy father is, that he may be ready for our apprehension.
Cornwall's corruption=> doesn't care if Gloucester is innocent, wants to rid him!!
you have mighty business in hand.
permission to execute his father
an intelligent party
spy
in Edgar (still to be condemned)
but a provoking merit,
Gloucester deserved correction
that nature thus gives way to loyalty, something fears me to think of.
filial behaviour secondary to loyalty (to Cornwall)
I may be censured
people may judge me
Child Rowland to the dark tower came, 130 His word was still, Fie, foh, and fum, I smell the blood of a British man.
from Jack the Giant Killer, intensifies the terror of the moment
Athenian.
Athens associated with philosophers
soothe
humour
I had a son, Now outlaw’d from my blood; he sought my life,
does not notice Edgar as his son
Ah! that good Kent;
even Gloucester cannot see a good friend=> parallels with Lear
His wits begin to unsettle.
he is becoming insane
Importune
Beg
Theban.
man of Thebes=> in ancient Greece associated with philosophers
What is the cause of thunder?
metaphor=children rebelling
philosopher.
establishes Tom as a mentor
tyrannous night
personification
injunction
command
Our flesh and blood, my lord, is grown so vile, That it doth hate what gets it.
talks about Goneril and Regan=> also means Edgar because he speaks in plural
cannot suffer
will not bear
hate what gets it.
hates their parents
flesh and blood
children
Smulkin!
another devil
three suits to his back
servants only allowed 3 suits
tithing to tithing
village to village
green mantle of the standing pool;
dirt (slime)
wall-newt,
lizard
And aroint thee
muttered in Macbeth
Swithold footed thrice the old; He met the night-mare, and her nine-fold;
protection against devil
walks till the first cock
when rooster indicates dawn devil must leave
Flibbertigibbet
name of the devil
a little fire
Gloucester approaching
lendings
material that isn't part of his identity
the thing itself
Tom is the essential nature of humanity
sophisticated
better off
lion in prey
looks for opportunities
Let not the creaking of shoes nor the rustling of silks betray thy poor heart to woman: keep thy foot out of brothels, thy hand out of plackets, thy pen from lenders’ books, and defy the foul fiend.
Tom's own wisdom from experience
wolf in greediness
greedy
hog in sloth
lazy
bloody of hand
violent
light of ear
gossip
false of heart
unloyal
woman out-paramoured the Turk
whored
A servingman, proud in heart and mind; that curled my hair, wore gloves in my cap, served the lust of my mistress’s heart, and did the act of darkness with her; swore as many oaths as I spake words, and broke them in the sweet face of heaven; one that slept in the contriving of lust
creates a backstory to Tom's misery
dice
gambled
Wine loved
endulged
one that slept in the contriving of lust
sexual scheming
and did the act of darkness with her
fornicated
wore gloves in my cap
vain
swear not;
do not take Lord's name in vain
thy word justly
thou shalt not bear false witness
Take heed o’ the foul fiend. Obey thy parents; keep thy word justly; swear not; commit not with man’s sworn spouse; set not thy sweet heart on proud array.
Tom recites catechism=> drawn from 10 commandments
Pillicock
Lear's pilican
pelican daughters.
young pelicans devour the flesh of their father
fashion
trend
subdu’d nature
natural ability=> ability to conceive
thy daughters
Tom's daughters
fated o’er men’s faults
poor Tom
he reserved a blanket
to cover his genitals
pass
state
There could I have him now, and there, and there again, and there.
Edgar proves insanity swatting at devils
starblasting
influence of an evil star
five wits
5 forms of intelligence= common wit, imagination, fantasy, estimation, memory
shadow
himself
ratsbane
rat-poison
o’er bog and quagmire
swamps
ford
shallow waters
foul fiend
devil
And art thou come to this?
you have come to see this
Didst thou give all to thy two daughters? And art thou come to this?
still unable to "see" others' struggles
here’s a spirit.
belief that mad/insane were possessed by spirit
superflux
excess luxuries
shake
give
Expose thyself to feel what wretches feel,
calls on rich people
loop’d and window’d raggedness
clothes fall in loops and their holes are like windows
Poor naked wretches,
by the logic of Lear (insane now) the speech is not an apostrophe
seek thine own ease:
Lear is able to sympathize with others
madness lies
thinking more will lead to insanity
Is it not as this mouth should tear this hand For lifting food to ’t? But I will punish home:
his daughters punishing him for taking care of them
Filial ingratitude!
ungrateful children
Save what beats there. Filial ingratitude!
except the feeling of beating
bear i’ the mouth
face-to-face
Wilt break my heart?
cold outside creates physical discomfort that distracts his mental suffering=> will break his heart
lesser
storm
greater malady
cruelty from daughter
tyranny of the open night’s too rough
personifies the night
This courtesy, forbid thee, shall the duke Instantly know; and of that letter too: This seems a fair deserving, and must draw me That which my father loses; no less than all: The younger rises when the old doth fall.
True Machiavelli style=> Edmund chooses his own selfish purposes first
deserving
merit=> selfishly looking for reward, his father will receive punishment
toward
about to happen
incline
take the side
home
fully
worse matter
threatened French invasion
Most savage, and unnatural!
False show of his abhorrence
entreat
plead
charged me, on pain of their perpetual displeasure
role reversal between Lear and daughters=> they are selfish and can't see other perspectives
pity
relieve
desired
requested
I am cold myself. Where is this straw, my fellow? The art of our necessities is strange, That can make vile things precious.
Lear sympathizes with the fool=> begins to "see" better
sorry yet for thee.
I feel pity for you
The art of our necessities is strange,
skills resulting from our needs
scanted courtesy.
respect and pity
demanding after you,
asking where you were
tempest;
storm
hard by here is a hovel
near this place is a shack
thou simular of virtue
imitator of good virtue-hypocrite
and cry These dreadful summoners grace.
plead for mercy from powers that will hand you punishment
Find out their enemies now. Tremble, thou wretch, That hast within thee undivulged crimes, Unwhipp’d of justice; hide thee, thou bloody hand; Thou perjur’d, and thou simular of virtue That art incestuous; caitiff, to pieces shake, 45 That under covert and convenient seeming Hast practis’d on man’s life; close pent-up guilts, Rive your concealing continents, and cry These dreadful summoners grace. I am a man More sinn’d against than sinning.
talks in apostrophe to various kinds of sinners in world
and cry These dreadful summoners grace.
plead for mercy from powers that will hand your punishment
pent-up guilts
concealed crimes
practis’d
plotted against
caitiff
wretch
bloody hand;
murderer
Unwhipp’d
not punished
Find out their enemies now.
Goneril and Regan
undivulged
unconfessed
pother
chaos
fear.
stress of weather
carry
endure
fire
lightning
Gallow the very wanderers of the dark,
terrify the wild animals
cod-piece
the Fool, his protector
grace
King
Marry
by Virgin Mary
Shall of a corn cry woe, And turn his sleep to wake.
will never be free from pain and will never be able to rest
pattern
model
but she made mouths in a glass
practiced expressions in a mirror
The man that makes his toe What he his heart should make
inverted sense of values
louse;
lice
The cod-piece that will house Before the head has any, The head and he shall louse; So beggars marry many.
man who takes woman before he has a house will have to share her lice
house
find a home
cod-piece
protective covering of penis
high-engender’d
high in the heavens
Lear. Rumble thy bellyful! Spit, fire! spout, rain! Nor rain, wind, thunder, fire, are my daughters: I tax not you, you elements, with unkindness; 15 I never gave you kingdom, call’d you children, You owe me no subscription: then, let fall Your horrible pleasure; here I stand, your slave, A poor, infirm, weak, and despis’d old man. But yet I call you servile ministers, 20 That have with two pernicious daughters join’d
Lear addresses the storm-accuses it as conspiring against him with daughters