pernicious
wicked
pernicious
wicked
servile ministers
frowning agents willing to serve
subscription
support
tax
accuse
bellyful
as much as you want
ask thy daughters’ blessing
Lear would have to apologize first
court holy-water
flattery
Crack nature’s moulds, all germens spill at once 10 That make ingrateful man!
Lear asks for the entire human race to be wiped out
germens
seeds
nature’s moulds
womb
thick rotundity
thick roundness
thou, all-shaking thunder,
apostrophe to Jupiter
cleaving thunderbolts,
splitting
Vaunt-couriers
heralds
thought-executing fires,
lightning as fast as thoughts
You cataracts and hurricanoes, spout Till you have drench’d our steeples, drown’d the cocks!
orders for a world-ending flood
cocks
weather cocks on the roofs
cataracts and hurricanoes
water sprouts from air and sea
Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks!
imagery of winds coming from puffed cheeks
Holla
call out
lights on
finds him
to effect,
important
fellow
companion
my out-wall
outward appearance
office
task
blood and breeding,
high birth and education
Some that will thank you, making just report Of how unnatural and bemadding sorrow The king hath cause to plain.
give an honest report of why the King complains
you dare build so far
trust me so much
their open banner.
their flags of war
Wise in our negligence
clever to take advantage of our carelessness
mutual cunning
they are plotting against each other
face of it be cover’d
open-war has not been declared
dare, upon the warrant of my note,
because of what I recognize you to be
His heart-struck injuries.
from his mind
out-jest
drive out
cease
fall into chaos
belly-pinched
hungry
cub-drawn bear
hungry
his little world of man
human body= microcosm and universe= macrocosm
make nothing of
show no respect
eyeless
unseeing
things might change or cease
suggestion of an apocalypse
’bove the main,
above the land
curled waters
high waves
fretful elements;
raging wind/rain
One minded
a single mind
To have his ear abus’d
willing to be lied to
desperate train,
Kent and the fool
Must be their schoolmasters.
metaphor as teachers
The injuries that they themselves procure Must be their schoolmasters.
their errors must be their lessons
give him way
let him go
taste his folly.
learn from the consequences of his actions
You heavens, give me that patience, patience I need! You see me here, you gods, a poor old man, As full of grief as age; wretched in both! If it be you that stir these daughters’ hearts Against their father, fool me not so much 285 To bear it tamely; touch me with noble anger, And let not women’s weapons, water-drops, Stain my man’s cheeks! No, you unnatural hags, I will have such revenges on you both That all the world shall—I will do such things,— 290 What they are yet I know not,—but they shall be The terrors of the earth. You think I’ll weep;
Lear's internal storm and the external storm
gorgeous wear’st,
fashionable closthing
scarcely keeps thee warm
barely keeps you warm
Allow not nature more than nature needs, Man’s life is cheap as beast’s. Thou art a lady;
his life will be no more than an animal's
Are in the poorest thing superfluous:
have something that is more than essential
five-and-twenty, ten, or five,
dramatic use of the reduction to exemplify nothingness motif
Thy fifty yet doth double five-and-twenty, And thou art twice her love.
Lear is thinking that money/property can measure love.
gave
uses the word as relinquished
I gave you all
Lear uses "gave" and "blessed"
chanc’d to slack you
fail their job
two commands,
yours and ours
Hold amity?
maintain friendship
Is this well spoken!
do you mean this?
For those that mingle reason with your passion 240 Must be content to think you old
those who are rational and hear your speech=> will think you're old
be better at thy leisure
attempts to be rational, at your time
I do not bid the thunder-bearer shoot, Nor tell tales of thee to high-judging Jove.
command Jupiter to fire his thunder bolt
embossed carbuncle
swollen, inflamed sore
Or rather a disease that’s in my flesh, Which I must needs call mine
some feeling towards a bastard
Persuade me
might as well advise me
hot-blooded France
example of PROJECTION=> he sees his own anger in France
enmity
persecution
needful
home is needed to host you
abjure
refuse
All’s not offence that indiscretion finds And dotage terms so.
implies that not everything someone who lacks judgement=> Lear=> deems offensive is actually offensive
beard?
sign of old age= respect
Allow obedience, if yourselves are old, Make it your cause; send down and take my part!
if your authority approves obedience
O heavens,
apostrophe
varlet
rascal
fickle
unstable
slave, whose easy-borrow’d pride 185 Dwells in the fickle grace of her he follows.
Oswald wears pride like borrowed clothes
Thy half o’ the kingdom hast thou not forgot, Wherein I thee endow’d.
you didn't forget what I granted you
dues of gratitude;
to show thankfulness
oppose the bolt
bar the doors
scant my sizes,
reduce his number of knights
bandy
exchange
tender-hefted nature shall not give Thee o’er to harshness
your good personality will not suffer from that
You fen-suck’d fogs, drawn by the powerful sun,
all the infections that the sun sucks up
Fie, sir, fie!
expression of contempt
young bones,
bones of her infant that she will breed
All the stor’d vengeances of heaven fall On her ingrateful top!
kept for these situations
’Dear daughter, I confess that I am old; Age is unnecessary: on my knees I beg [Kneeling. That you’ll vouchsafe me raiment, bed, and food.’
Lear is speaking sarcastically, old people are unable
Do you but mark how this becomes the house:
suitable to the royal house
Say, you have wrong’d her, sir.
apologize to her
discretion that discerns your state Better than you yourself.
someone that understands you better than you
Nature in you stands on the very verge 140 Of her confine
Nature is personified, natural life is at its limit
adult’ress
Regan born to another man
like a vulture, here
allusion to the myth of Prometheus
naught
worthless
Sepulchring an adult’ress
burial chamber
Regan, I think you are; I know what reason 120 I have to think so
concept of definite respect from children
and cried, ‘Down, wantons, down!’
Fool suggests that the King subdues his heart=> like how the eels should have been
O, me! my heart, my rising heart!
an attack of Hysterica Passio
Till it cry sleep to death.
their sleep is destroyed
practice only.
cunning trick
remotion
departure
Infirmity doth still neglect all office Whereto our health is bound
Lear attempts to see from Cornwall's perspective
No, but not yet
attempts to control his angry amotions
unremovable
stubborn
quality
temperment
The images of revolt and flying off.
signs of rebellion and revolt
Mere fetches,
excuses
perdy.
by God
The fool no knave
Kent/the fool is no scoundrel
wise man
used ironically
tarry
wait
but for form,
to appear loyal
Let go thy hold when a great wheel runs down a hill, lest it break thy neck with following it; but the great one that goes up the hill,
metaphor for don't hold onto a man whose fortune's are failing=> you will fail with him
but blind men; and there’s not a nose among twenty but can smell him that’s stinking
Nose of the knights can detect that Lear is in ruins
so small a number
so few knights
Hysterica passio!
suffering starting from the womb, Lear's experience of Histerica Passio=> foreshadows
mother
common name for hysteria
Display’d so saucily
acted rude
spite of intermission,
although interrupting me
reeking
sweating messenger
Coming from us.
being sent as a messenger from me
To do upon respect such violent outrage
concept of children always respecting parents
durst
dared
Jupiter
king of Roman gods
Lear. No. Kent. Yes.
sharp, shot exchange of words is called STICHOMYTHIA
cruel garters
pun=> crewel is a kind of thin worsted yarn of which stocking are made with
thy pastime?
for fun
Turlygood!
An example of the reduction to nothing motif
That’s something yet: Edgar I nothing am
Edgar suggest that identity-wise, he is inferior to the beggars
lunatic bans,
crazy
prayers,
gentle begging
And with presented nakedness outface
process of stripping= key motif of nothingness
That ever penury, in contempt of man,
poverty is personified as a vicious animal
happy hollow of a tree
fortunate to find tree to hide in
Bedlam beggars
patients at a hospital for the insane=> given licenses to beg
outface
stand bravely against
elf
used as verb-someone's hair is messy because elf messed it up
Blanket my loins
be naked except for clothes on waist
Brought near to beast
be brought down to levels of animals
contempt
shows hatred
penury
poverty
No port is free
Gloucester put guards at every port
This shameful lodging.
apostrophe of his eyes
Fortune
Goddess Fortune is depicted turning the wheel for good/bad luck
and shall find time From this enormous state, seeking to give Losses their remedies.
knows that I am disguised
beacon
rising sun
heaven’s benediction com’st 135 To the warm sun.
from the pleasant shade to the hot sun
may grow out at heels:
like worn-out socks
whistle.
pass the time
watch’d
been awake all night
rubb’d
hindered
Whose disposition, all the world well knows, Will not be rubb’d nor stopp’d
metaphor: from game of bowls=> rub is anything that hinders the bowl's course
thus restrain’d
punished his messenger
must take it ill, That he, so slightly valu’d
bound to feel insulted
pilferings
petty thefts
check
rebuke
low correction
stocks are for petty crimes
shall do small respect,
show disrespect
braggart,
boaster
reverend
respectable (sarcastically)
stocks!
more humiliating than excruciating
rogues and cowards
refers to Oswald
Ajax
legendary Greek warrior, in comparison to them, Ajax is inferior
And, in the fleshment of this dread exploit,
Oswald speaks sarcastically
flattering his displeasure,
encourage his displeasure
misconstruction;
something he did not understand
To strike at me, upon his misconstruction;
lie
which for my part I will not be, though I should win your displeasure to entreat me to ’t.
will not be a knave
beguiled
deceived
like the wreath of radiant fire On flickering Phœbus’ front,
simile: whose power is like the bright circle of fire appearing on sun's face
Under the allowance of your grand aspect,
with the permission of magnificent self (flattery)=> Kent is speaking with exaggerated courtliness to make fun of those who do not speak plainly
verity,
truthfulness
sooth
truth
That stretch their duties nicely.
carry out their tasks with great precision
silly-ducking observants,
suck-up servants making bows
if not, he’s plain
claims he is speaking the truth
Quite from his nature
to be quite unnatural
garb
fashion of his speech
plain:
honest
His countenance likes me not.
look of his face- I don't like, as a result of Kent's anger
antipathy
contempt
Camelot.
home of King Arthur
Sarum plain,
Salisbury Plain (famous for many geese and brothels)
Goose
foolish birds
epileptic visage
his face shows confusion
nought
nothing
turn their halcyon beaks With every gale and vary of their masters,
dead kingfisher hung would turn its neck to prevailing wind
That such a slave as this should wear a sword,
only gentlemen were allowed to wear a sword
privilege.
has ability to overstep
reverence?
respect
wagtail
Kent calls Oswald a "fawning puppy"
Thou whoreson zed! thou unnecessary letter
the letter "Z" was ignored in dictionaries to Shakespeare's time
at suit
in pity (Oswald depicts himself as superior)
grey beard
old age