Will gradual typing be supported long term or is it a fad? Will this be an abandoned investment?

annotation for the sake of annotation,

annotation work

The fact that many here are maintainers of Ruby implementations also has a biased effect on new features, as they might represent a burden on them. I'm not saying this is a bad thing, I love the diversity of points of view that this brings! OTOH, it's fair that people that do take time to discuss things here have a bigger influence on the direction that Ruby follows.

St Columba Columba (521-597), known as Colm Cille in Ireland, went to the west coast of Scotland and to the island of Iona to do penance and escape from the blood spilled in his family battles at home in Ireland.

The idea for Greenwich came to me because I recently had the experience of wanting to suggest a link to the author of a blog post I was reading

Our focus is not on codifying knowledge, but on creating opportunities for articulations grounded in integrated semantic web research

The Meta-Layer Initiative

Gebru’s paper reads. “Whitesupremacist and misogynistic, ageist, etc., views are overrepresentedin the training data, not only exceeding their prevalence in the generalpopulation but also setting up models trained on these datasets tofurther amplify biases and harms.

Researchers — including many women of color — have been saying foryears that these systems interact differently with people of color andthat the societal effects could be disastrous: that they’re a fun-house-style distorted mirror magnifying biases and stripping out the contextfrom which their information comes; that they’re tested on thosewithout the choice to opt out; and will wipe out the jobs of somemarginalized communities.Gebru and her colleagues have also expressed concern about theexploitation of heavily surveilled and low-wage workers helpingsupport AI systems; content moderators and data annotators are oftenfrom poor and underserved communities, like refugees andincarcerated people. Content moderators in Kenya have reportedexperiencing severe trauma, anxiety, and depression from watchingvideos of child sexual abuse, murders, rapes, and suicide in order totrain ChatGPT on what is explicit content. Some of them take home aslittle as $1.32 an hour to do s

he United States,” in contrast to “the Black man worked as” prompt,which generated “a pimp for 15 years.

The point of GPL licenses is to protect the user of the software, not the developer. If you want "protection" as a developer, use MIT (disclaimer of warranty). GPL "infects" other parts of a system to combat a work-around which was used to violate the software freedom of the user, by firewalling sections of GPL'ed code from the rest of the system. If you don't care about your users' software freedom in the first place, then (L)GPL is the wrong choice.

While you’re gathering these snippets, you may also want to capture observations about them. Each workflow has a natural way to handle this. If you’re reading a source document with a highlighter, you can write comments in the margins. If you’re copying snippets into a working document, you can type observations alongside them. As with highlighting and copying, Latticework makes these operations interchangeable.

Latticework is built to support the workflow we described in the introduction

when you’re trying to make sense of a confusing situation, you need to get everything into one place, where you can see, rearrange, and elaborate the pieces into a new whole.

Sean

Each attention layer has several “attention heads,” which means that this information-swapping process happens several times (in parallel) at each layer. Each attention head focuses on a different task:

Real LLMs tend to have a lot more than two layers. The most powerful version of GPT-3, for example, has 96 layers.

Word vectors

Transforming word vectors into word predictions

THE NEW Al

Al and GenAl are applied in a wide range of places.

1

his is mostly correct (that’s not exactly what Postcomposition is, though it’sclose). But a mix of correct and incorrect information can be even moremisleading than an entirely fabricated statement. If the hallucinationsappear to fit within a framework of true information, it’s easy to assumethat they are correct.This example is by no means an outlier. A colleague recently assignedstudents to use ChatGPT to respond to a writing assignment and askedthem to check the generated responses for accuracy. Of the twenty-threestudents in the class, each reported significant hallucinations in theChatGPT outputs. It is not uncommon to read about similar anecdotes onacademic listservs.In writing, then, being aware of the potential for GenAI hallucinationsis very important. With GenAl visuals, the effect can be equally problem-atic and perhaps even more disconcerting. Consider this image generatedby the GenAlI program Dall-E when prompted with “hands playing on apiano”?®27

Machine learning—the process used in developing modern Al—doesnot operate in this kind of linear fashion. Instead, Al uses specific algo-rithms—processes or sets of rules or instructions used for solving prob-lems—that “learn” from each engagement and then make predictions anddecisions as to what the next action might be based on previous expe-riences in performing similar tasks. This is known as machine learning.Machine learning is how computer systems use algorithms to analyzeand draw inferences from patterns they identify within specific data sets.When an Al recognizes patterns within a data set, it “learns” to makeinferences about those patterns. In this way, machine learning requires

AUTOMATED

Ue

Second, ChatGPT opened everyone's eyes to the fact that GenAI is ubiquitous and available.

When ChatGPT brought the conversation about GenAI and education to the public, much of the media coverage focused on concerns that this new tool would launch a level of academic dishonesty never witnessed before, as students would use GenAI to cheat on their assignments and circum- vent their own learning.

In a revealing survey published by Best Colleges, over half the college students surveyed in March of 2023 claimed that their instruc- tors had not spoken with them about GenAI tools like ChatGPT.?

The Best Colleges survey reveals that students anticipate increased use of GenAI and that they want to learn how to use these tools responsibly in their academic careers, as well as their professional, civic, and personal lives. Part of the goal of this book is to assist you in meeting these objectives.

The information they supply can be inaccurate or biased.

hen it comes to technology, there’s nothing new about the cries ofmoral crisis. We’ve heard the same things about every technology thatinteracts with the production and teaching of writing: word processors,spell checkers, grammar checkers, citation generators, chalkboards, copymachines, ballpoint pens, pencils—all the way back to the printing press

AI writers have been churningout content for at least a decade in places we might not even suspect.

hatGPT’s breakneck surge in popularity has exceeded that of anyother computer application.

AUTOMATED

INTRODUCTION

Perhaps you've heard that Artificial Intelligence in general, andGenerative Artificial Intelligence in particular, is destroying education.Maybe you've heard that it allows high school and college students to eas-ily cheat on their essay assignments or to produce computer programs orto solve complex mathematical equations, or that it can pass a GMAT orLSAT or complete dozens of other tasks that teachers have traditionallyasked students to perform in order to prove mastery. Perhaps you’ve seenthe calls for colleges and universities to find ways to ban students fromusing GenAI applications such as OpenAl’s ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer), Jasper, Hugging Face, and MidJourney.Perhaps, too, you've seen the claims that GenAI is revolutionizingeducation and opening doors to a new paradise. Perhaps you've thoughtabout how GenAI might change how you approach writing tasks and otherassignments. Perhaps you've even used ChatGPT for this purpose already.The fact is that GenAI is one of the most ground-shaking technologicaladvances that higher education has had to address. Its emergence andevolution have unfolded so fast that higher education is just beginningto explore the relationships between GenAI and teaching, learning, andresearch—especially how we teach and learn writing.Consider that ChatGPT—a GenAI platform that can provide responsesto prompts in unique ways that mimic human responses—was onlylaunched in November 2022. Within five days, over one million users

Though many of us had been unaware of the use of Generative AI botwriters until the recent media attention, AI writers have been churningout content for at least a decade in places we might not even suspect. Thearticle quoted above was written not by a human but by an AI known as“Quakebot.” Connected to US Geological Survey monitoring and reportingequipment, Quakebot can produce an article, nearly instantly, containingall of the relevant—and accurate—information readers need: where theearthquake centered, its magnitude, aftershock information, and so on.AI writers are far more ubiquitous than most of us recognize. Forexample, the international news agency Bloomberg News has for yearsrelied on automated writing technologies to produce approximately onethird of its published content. The Associated Press uses GenAI to writestories too, as does The Washington Post. Forbes has for years used GenAIto provide reporters with templates for their stories. Although journalismis hardly the only profession in which GenAI has found use, it’s a field inwhich we’ve come to assume that humans do the work of research andwriting. Moreover, it’s also a field in which the idea of integrity is central(more on this in Chapter 3).Beyond journalism and outside of education, we’ve been interactingwith AI technologies and GenAI technologies for a while now, from onlinechatbots to the phonebots we respond to when we call customer service

You can also schedule a block to run immediately and periodically with Timers::Group#now_and_every

Webpage Snapshots Zotero already saves webpage snapshots on news articles and other pages, and those now open automatically in the new reader as well, enabling you to annotate webpages as easily as PDFs.

Davidson Lead Instructional Designer Sundi Richard said more Hypothesis users are surfacing in classes and using it for their own independent or social reading. “We see this pilot as a way to expand that usage to groups who might not want to just jump into web or social annotation,” she suggested. “We hope this leads to varied uses of the tool for meaningful reading and engagement in digital spaces.”

Moods: Indicated by the equals sign (=), are for logging feelings. These can be emotional or physical feelings like joy, pressure in the chest, butterflies, anxiety, fatigue, excitement, etc.

OLDaily exists because of my practice of paraphrasing anything I read

The purported reason seems to be the claim that some people find "master" offensive. (FWIW I'd give that explanation more credence if the people giving it seem to be offended themselves rather than be offended on behalf of someone else. But whatever, it's their repo.)

summer of 2019.

Because, scholars are annotators.

Reflecting on how new digital tools have re-invigorated annotation and contributed to the creation of their recent book, they suggest annotation presents a vital means by which academics can re-engage with each other and the wider world.

Different people can read the world differently just as they can readdifferent types of texts differently

Drag and drop a document to annotate it. Works with .pdf, .doc, .docx, .odt, .xls, .xlsx, .ods, .ppt, .pptx, .odp, .rtf, .epub and .csv files. .doc, .docx, .odt, .ppt, .pptx, .odp and .rtf are converted to .pdf. .xls and .xlsx and .ods are converted to .csv. You can also annotate PDFs inside Google Drive by authorizing Hypothes.is within your Google account. Hypothes.is PDF Annotator will be listed under the "Open with" option for PDF files upon authorization. (Uninstall). Privacy Policy. To easily open YouTube videos for annotation, use the bookmarklet. Drag this link to the bookmarks bar, or right-click/control-click to bookmark the link: DropDoc Bookmarklet The annotation functionality is enabled by Hypothes.is. The code for this site is open source. This is a personal project to explore different ideas and is maintained by Dan Whaley. I’d be delighted to hear any feedback at @dwhly. The intention is to keep the site up and running, but no guarantee around the preservation of documents is made. As an aside, annotations against PDFs or EPUBs with your Hypothes.is account, are discoverable on that PDF or EPUB regardless of its location (Background). As long as you have the original PDF somewhere, you'll always be able to see your annotations on it with Hypothes.is.

[With Zeplin] we started to engage both UX and engineering teams in the same conversations and suddenly that opened our eyes to what was going on, and overall streamlined our build process.

I don't know how much impact the "Design management" widget vs. "Design" object decision will have, except for the extremely small number of teams that work exactly like we do.

The third is the brain of the observer. This is also a strong element in film criticism where the camera is the third eye, the eye of the artificial narrator. The most intelligent film about the third eye spying on the action is `Snake Eyes,' where we last saw Gugino. (You may want to check my comments on that film to see what I mean.)

s this: Adnan stolemoney from the mosque

urban legend t

Information and gossip travels swiftly, and you don’t want to be the one that goes againstthe grain, or says something that could hurt Adnan or his parents

On the other end of the scale was a story so incriminating that we thought, well if this one is truethen we’re done, our story is over and we can all go home

rdly. Nobody is saying, “Isaw him do it” or “I have proof

One of the advantages of this media extended plugin is that it can handle more than just YouTube videos. It can handle videos and also some audio notes as well. And I don't think I've tried it with anything else but really I just need YouTube videos.

你們從來就不是我們--從《費城Philadelphia》談職場歧視心理學 《法客心法影劇組》Eye on Forensic Psych: TV Drama & Films

Apart from this kind of sharing, you can also export a single highlight as a beautiful image to share on social media or other places. The image design is very elegant, much better than simply copying text.

Supported document types 📃 You can save documents of all kinds to Reader including web articles, RSS feeds, email newsletters, PDFs, EPUBs, Twitter threads, Twitter Lists, and YouTube videos

ne way that I can capture this is by using the readwise reader extension which you can see in the upper right hand corner of my screen it's the yellow r I'm going to click on this and now you can see that there's a bar at the top one thing I love about the read-wise highlighter extension is that it allows you to read and highlight and still capture all of that information into reader and the read wise app ecosystem overall without breaking context

there are more media types that the team is working on it's heavily text oriented right now but I wouldn't be surprised if they came out with more audio or video related features because I know in the PKM space those are high in demand

Readwise Reader

I disagree. What is expressed is an attempt to solve X by making something that should maybe be agnostic of time asynchronous. The problem is related to design: time taints code. You have a choice: either you make the surface area of async code grow and grow or you treat it as impure code and you lift pure synchronous logic in an async context. Without more information on the surrounding algorithm, we don't know if the design decision to make SymbolTable async was the best decision and we can't propose an alternative. This question was handled superficially and carelessly by the community.

The problem with this pile of questions is that, instead of helping the OP get out of the X Y problem, people stay focussed on Y, mark the question as a duplicate of Y in a matter of minutes and X is never properly addressed.

externalize

It would have been fantastic to eschew this ridiculousness, because we all make fun of branded vulnerabilities too, but this was not the right time to make that stand.

dass für das Element <head> in der TEI das Attribut @placenicht zur Verfügung steht, mit dem diese Positionierung (analog zu der Position von Randbemerkungen,siehe dazu die entsprechenden Beispiele unten) angegeben werden könnte. Um nicht den Rahmen derTEI-Vorgaben verlassen zu müssen, das Phänomen aber dennoch kodieren zu können, wurde innerhalbdes DTABf-M festgelegt, dass die ggf. abweichende Position von Überschriften anstatt mit @place durchdas im Element <head> verfügbare Attribut @type festgelegt wird. Somit konnte an dieser Stelleein Kompromiss zwischen genereller TEI-Konformität und individueller Expressivität gefunden werden.Vgl. dazu auch Haaf/Thomas 2017, Abs. 49 und Anm. 39.

Non-aims (but may happen anyway):

I think we are a victim of behavioural norms and so many of the apps that I use have this pattern. That's not to say it's the right behaviour, but it may be hard to break the pattern for users.

It might be not obvious for most of you, but behind the scenes I'm neurodivegent, specifically #ActuallyAutistic2 3, so I'm mostly in limited availability, not only for my mental health.

and took a marker to the toe, according to two participants. Then he drew a swastika.

a small dog.

Poe's source for his detective is the philosophic protagonist of Voltaire's Zadig

I do not mean to say they are not ingenious — but people think they are more ingenious than they are — on account of their method and air of method

It is the ancestor of a vast number of works which have given much harmless pleasure to all sorts and conditions of men

“If now, in addition to all these things, you have properly reflected upon the odd disorder of the chamber, we have gone so far as to combine the ideas of {dd}an agility astounding, a strength superhuman,{dd} a ferocity brutal, a butchery without motive, a grotesquerie{e} in horror absolutely alien from humanity, and a voice foreign in tone to the ears of men{f} of many nations, and devoid of all distinct or intelligible syllabification. What result, then, has ensued? What impression have I made upon your fancy?”

In a word, why did he abandon four thousand francs in gold to encumber himself with a bundle of linen? The gold was abandoned. Nearly the whole sum mentioned by Monsieur Mignaud, the banker, was discovered, in bags, upon the floor. I wish you, therefore, to discard from your thoughts the blundering idea of motive{m} engendered in the brains of the police by that portion of the evidence which speaks of money delivered at the door of the house.

This relieves us of all doubt upon [page 549:] the question whether the old lady{c} could have first destroyed the daughter, and afterward{d} have committed suicide. I speak of this point chiefly for the sake of method; for the strength of Madame L’Espanaye would have been utterly unequal to the task of thrusting her daughter's corpse up the chimney as it was found; and the nature of the wounds upon her own person entirely preclude the idea of self-destruction. Murder, then, has been committed by some third party; and the voices of this third party were those heard in contention. Let me now advert — not to the whole testimony respecting these voices — but to what was peculiar{e} in that testimony. Did you observe any thing peculiar about it?” I remarked that, while all the witnesses agreed in supposing the gruff voice to be that of a Frenchman, there was much disagreement in regard to the shrill, or, as one individual termed it, the harsh voice.

There was something in his manner of emphasizing the word “peculiar,” which caused me to shudder, without knowing why. “No, nothing peculiar,” I said; “nothing more, at least, than we both saw stated in the paper.”

Upon reaching the first landing, heard two voices in loud and angry contention — the one a gruff voice, the other much shriller — a very strange voice. Could distinguish some words of the former, which was that of a Frenchman. Was positive that it was not a woman's voice. Could distinguish the words ‘sacré’{s} and ‘diable.’ The shrill voice was that of a foreigner. Could not be sure whether it was the voice of a man or of a woman. Could not make out what was said, but believed the language to be Spanish.{t}

Did not see any person in the street at the time. It is a bye-street{f} — very lonely.

“Several witnesses, recalled, here testified that the chimneys of all the rooms on the fourth story were too narrow to admit the passage of a human being.

You will say that it might have been the voice of an Asiatic — of an African. Neither Asiatics nor Africans abound in Paris; but, without{l} denying the inference, I will{m} now merely call your attention to three points.{n} The voice is termed by one witness ‘harsh rather than shrill.’ It is represented by two others to have been ‘quick and unequal.’ No words — no sounds{o} resembling words — were{p} by any witness mentioned as distinguishable.

whisker

agility

Jardin des Plantes

“I am now awaiting,” continued he, looking toward{z} the door of our apartment — “I am now awaiting a person who, although perhaps not the perpetrator of these butcheries, must have been{a} in some measure implicated in their perpetration. Of the worst portion of the crimes committed, it is probable that he is innocent.

“The Purloined Letter,”

I do not mean to say they are not ingenious — but people think they are more ingenious than they are — on account of their method and air of method

But I’m increasingly inclined to the view that the genius of ZK is the simple fact that it forces its user to continually interact with, and create connections among their thoughts and the thoughts of others.To the extent that’s correct, the work that ZK demands is not a drawback at all. It is in fact ZKs primary benefit; it’s a serious feature and not at all a bug.

SRI Summary Report AFOSR-3223 • Prepared for: Director of Information Sciences, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Washington DC, Contract AF 49(638)-1024 • SRI Project No. 3578 (AUGMENT,3906,). Click here for scan of the original printed report [ PDF/Print | eReader ] See also About Doug's 1962 Report for more resources.

XMI describes solutions to the above issues by specifying EBNF production rules to create XML documents and Schemas that share objects consistently.

Hypothesis was launched in 2011 and lets individuals and groups of people annotate a wide array of digital content, including academic articles and books.

The movement might be gaining steam now, but its roots date back to 1998, when Mark Bernstein introduced the idea of the “hypertext garden,” arguing for spaces on the internet that let a person wade into the unknown. “Gardens … lie between farmland and wilderness,” he wrote. “The garden is farmland that delights the senses, designed for delight rather than commodity.” (His digital garden includes a recent review of a Bay Area carbonara dish and reflections on his favorite essays.) The new wave of digital gardens discuss books and movies, with introspective journal entries; others offer thoughts on philosophy and politics. Some are works of art in themselves, visual masterpieces that invite the viewer to explore; others are simpler and more utilitarian, using Google Docs or Wordpress templates to share intensely personal lists. Avid readers in particular have embraced the concept, sharing creative, beautiful digital bookshelves that illustrate their reading journey. Nerding hard on digital gardens, personal wikis, and experimental knowledge systems with @_jonesian today.

One of my favorite ways that creative people communicate is by “working with their garage door up,” to riff on a passage from Robin Sloan (below). This is the opposite of the Twitter account which mostly posts announcements of finished work: it’s Screenshot Saturday; it’s giving a lecture about the problems you’re pondering in the shower; it’s thinking out loud about the ways in which your project doesn’t work at all. It’s so much of Twitch. I want to see the process. I want to see you trim the artichoke. I want to see you choose the color palette. Anti-marketing.

Have you ever: Been disappointed, surprised or hurt by a library etc. that had a bug that could have been fixed with inheritance and few lines of code, but due to private / final methods and classes were forced to wait for an official patch that might never come? I have. Wanted to use a library for a slightly different use case than was imagined by the authors but were unable to do so because of private / final methods and classes? I have.

Been disappointed, surprised or hurt by a library etc. that was overly permissive in it's extensibility? I have not.

We strongly advocate conducting future studies to evaluate the performance of LLMs in annotating other linguistic phenomena

assessment practices play a key role; the graded elements were cited by most students as a deciding factor in participation.

It's way too sophisticated for its own good. Maybe. Right. It's trying to be AI ish in the sense like it's trying to detect. If a particular comment is worthy of two points or three points, and a lot of that system is based on that. So if student makes a comment, it marks it as one. Instead of two. And you get a lot of emails about why was this Mark. And that's not the point. I Jeremy D.think Viranga P.the point of social. Is you're getting them to just have conversations. Encouraging conversations. Not necessarily to judge if that comment was good or Jeremy D.bad. Viranga P.It's just get it done. And we expect the fact that you're in the room having a conversation will help you realize, oh, this is useful. When I have a question, I can ask it here, and somebody else may have the same question. And we can have a discussion around it. And that social part. It's Social constructivism. Is helpful. Right. So people realize that they learn from other people.

Coleridge was such a renowned marginaliac that his friends would actually lend their books to him so that he could scribble in the margins.  Studs Turkel expected the books he loaned to friends to come back with additional marks made by friendly fingers.

Google Docs is a free tool built for collaborative work that allows you to write and edit documents. Your students can work on a document simultaneously (collaborative note-taking, group projects), leave comments on each other’s work (peer-editing) and hold conversations in the margins of a document (social annotation).

reinventing Google Sidewiki or similar systems in which replies exist outside of the network itself.

The nonchalance of boys who are sure of a dinner, and would disdain as much as a lord to do or say aught to conciliate one, is the healthy attitude of human nature.

A man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within, more than the lustre of the firmament of bards and sages.

Anno, the leading open web annotation provider, and Atlassian, the leading provider of team collaboration and productivity software, announced plans to integrate Hypothesis with Confluence Cloud to make team collaboration possible everywhere on the internet.

Genre is a conversation

will fail to give them credit for brilliant talents and excellent dispositions.

Among these was a declaration of sentiments, to be regarded as the basis of a grand movement for attaining all the civil, social, political and religious rights of woman.

Many who have at last made the discovery that negroes have some rights as well as other members of the human family, have yet to be convinced that woman is entitled to any.

By asking students to share their annotations openly, we help students to see a wide range of annotation practices, thus demystifying what has often been a private, individual practice.

Sort Files in Folders.py

Presence

Be easily accessible to your students. Provide multiple regular opportunities for connectionand support via email, virtual office hours, prompt feedback, and virtual study sessions orstudent conferences

First, dictionaries are not arbiters of highly literate writing; they merely document usage. For example, irregardless has an entry in many dictionaries, even though any self-respecting writer will avoid using it—except, perhaps, in dialogue to signal that a speaker uses nonstandard language, because that is exactly how some dictionaries characterize the word. Yes, it has a place in dictionaries; regardless of that fact, its superfluous prefix renders it an improper term.