1,860 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. PatientID: 88 (Second cousin)

      KindredID: 18

      Case: F, 52Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 11 members of this family tested positive for the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. 14 members of this family were assumed to carry this variant due to family history/personal medical history. Members of this family range from asymptomatic to multi-organ involvement (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts/tumors and hemangioblastomas). The family was previously reported in PMID 3942913.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666 (Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (18Y) and pheochromocytoma (17Y).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 3942913 (some members of this family are previously reported (phenotypes only) but unable to match patients across papers with confidence)

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Authors state that the c.712C>T germline familial variant of the VHL gene in this patient is “inferred from the family”. No genetic testing was done on this patient to confirm this. Being that this familial variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: N/A

      CivicName: N/A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Materials and methodsWe considered an individual to have a confirmed diagnosis of vHL if they met the clinical criteria for vHL (box 1) and/or they tested positive for a disease-causing variant in VHL. We defined vHL families as families in which two or more individuals had a confirmed diagnosis of vHL. Using these criteria, we identified 27 vHL families by retrospectively analysing data that had been entered between 30 August 1984 and 8 August 2016 in our SHIRE genetics database and SickKids Genetics and Cancer Genetics Program records. Of the 27 families identified as being tested for vHL, 7 were excluded as either having no information on family history or for de novo cases. Only those members of vHL families for whom there was sufficient information to confirm both a diagnosis of familial vHL and AOO of first vHL-related clinical manifestations were included in the study. A total of 96 patients (n=43 men, n=53 women) from 20 vHL families met these criteria. Both clinically affected (n=80) and clinically unaffected (n=16) were included in the analysis. The cohort was ethnically diverse, with ancestors from Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. The year of birth, type of vHL-related manifestation, year at which the manifestation was diagnosed and year last ascertained (the last reported contact with the patient or family by healthcare providers at SickKids) were noted for each patient. Telomere lengths were collected for patients after 2014 as part of their clinical assessment and were also included in this retrospective health records review when available.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence AF010238.1 and NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod:N/A

      SamplingMethod: N/A

    3. PatientID: 83 (Cousin)

      KindredID: 18

      Case: F, 50Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 11 members of this family tested positive for the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. 14 members of this family were assumed to carry this variant due to family history/personal medical history. Members of this family range from asymptomatic to multi-organ involvement (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts/tumors and hemangioblastomas). The family was previously reported in PMID 3942913.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (25Y), retinal angioma (16Y) and pancreatic tumors or cysts (undefined) (22Y).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000077; HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 3942913 (some members of this family are previously reported (phenotypes only) but unable to match patients across papers with confidence)

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: c.712C>T

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: A point mutation (c.712C>T) was found. Being that this variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 8 (Mother)

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, 43Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 3 members of this family were genetically confirmed to be carriers of a germline partial deletion of exon 2 of the VHL gene. ID 2 presented with retinal angioma and pancreatic abnormality. ID 1 was asymptomatic. ID 16 presented with a retinal angioma (33Y), CNS hemangioblastoma at (32Y) and died at age 42. ID 16 was stated as having the germline variant but this was inferred from family/personal history and was not genetically confirmed.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (26Y and 40Y).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0000077; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Abnormality of the kidney, Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: Exon 2 Partial Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Null (Partial deletion of Exon 2)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. PatientID: 3 (Father)

      KindredID: 10

      Case: M, 43Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 2 members of this family presented with the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 1 (Proband) was asymptomatic.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (32Y), retinal angioma (33Y) and renal cell carcinoma (33Y).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000077; HP:0002666; HP:0001732 (Abnormality of the kidney, Pheochromocytoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: c.712C>T

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: A point mutation (c.712C>T) was found. Being that this variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    6. PatientID: 16 (Uncle)

      KindredID: 18

      Case: M, 68Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 11 members of this family tested positive for the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. 14 members of this family were assumed to carry this variant due to family history/personal medical history. Members of this family range from asymptomatic to multi-organ involvement (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts/tumors and hemangioblastomas). The family was previously reported in PMID 3942913.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with pheochromocytoma (23Y). Age of diagnosis for CNS hemangioblastoma and renal cell carcinoma is unknown.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0009711 (Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 3942913 (some members of this family are previously reported (phenotypes only) but unable to match patients across papers with confidence)

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Authors state that the c.712C>T germline familial variant of the VHL gene in this patient is “inferred from the family”. No genetic testing was done on this patient to confirm this. Being that this familial variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: N/A

      CivicName: N/A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    7. PatientID: 93 (First cousin once removed)

      KindredID: 18

      Case: M, 31Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 11 members of this family tested positive for the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. 14 members of this family were assumed to carry this variant due to family history/personal medical history. Members of this family range from asymptomatic to multi-organ involvement (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts/tumors and hemangioblastomas). The family was previously reported in PMID 3942913.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with pheochromocytoma (31Y). Patient died at 31Y.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 3942913 (some members of this family are previously reported (phenotypes only) but unable to match patients across papers with confidence)

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Authors state that the c.712C>T germline familial variant of the VHL gene in this patient is “inferred from the family”. No genetic testing was done on this patient to confirm this. Being that this familial variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: N/A

      CivicName: N/A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1 (11)

      GroupID: 7b

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: This individual patient was 1/9 with an exon 3 deletion that did NOT have retinal capillary hemangiomas. Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: Exon 3 deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: exon 3 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 1 (25)

      GroupID: 29b

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: This was 1 of 4 patients discussed with this mutation. The individual did NOT have retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 1 (100)

      GroupID: 8

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This individual patient was the only one discussed with a splice c.464-2A>G mutation. Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: c.464-2A>G

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223222 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: spice site (c.464-2A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 45

      Case: M, 13Y0M, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No familial antecedents and no known familial tumors.

      CohortInfo: Probands belonging to 18 unrelated Spanish VHL families carrying germline VHL deletions.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0006770; HP:0000107; HP:0002666; HP:0010797; HP:0030424 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Renal cyst, Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Epididymal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Epididymal cyst was noted as “eH” instead of “eC” in Table 2. Given that “eH” was not explained in the footnotes of the Table as were all other phenotypes; “eH” was taken to be a typo intended to be “eC”.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 14722919

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 1-2 Deletion (c.1-?_463+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Germline HSPC300 retention. Study provides evidence to show that loss of HSPC300 highly correlates with the absence of ccRCC in VHL patients.

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1-2 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Whole exome sequencingDNA was extracted from blood and tissue samples using the Qiagen DNeasy kit and the manufacturer’s protocol (Manchester, United Kingdom The Beijing Genomics Institute performed initial quality control assessments, and then exome capture using the Agilent Human All Exome V4 kit (Cheshire, United Kingdom). Samples were paired-end multiplex sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform to a median target depth of >100×. Tumors from the second patient were sequenced at the London Research Institute, using the same methodology but on rapid runs.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified- Assumption: Nucleotide change is not specified in the paper, only protein coding change is. cDNA variant was inferred based on protein coding change, and reported based on VHL reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Samples were paired-end multiplex sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform to a median target depth of >100×.

      SamplingMethod: blood and tissue samples

    1. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplification were used to detect the genomic deletions. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was applied to test for sequence variations.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: MLPA, SSCP analysis and qPCR.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood, tumor tissue

    2. We studied six patients with VHL disease and their relatives. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was determined by five flanking microsatellite polymorphic markers in the VHL locus

      PatientID: 19

      KindredID: F01

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Taiwanese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: A total of 10 members of this family (F01) had a complete deletion of the VHL gene. Four of these patients (16, 18, 21, 33) presented with clinical features of VHL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 19288063

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: Complete Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Deletion of 142.9kb resulted in deletion of the VHL gene.

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, 20Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Familial/syndromic (FS) association

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030393; HP:0030405; HP:0001737; HP:0000107 (Pheochromocytoma; endolymphatic sac tumor; pancreatic endocrine tumor; pancreatic cysts; renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Benign unilateral pheochromocytoma at age 20Y0M; as well as ELST, PNETs, pancreatic and renal cysts

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: SDHB,SDHC, SDHD, and exons 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of RET proto-oncogene

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Deletion of exon 1

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Heterozygous deletion of exon 1

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. We identified deletions ranging from 0.5 kb to 250 kb affecting part of or the entire VHL and flanking genes in 54 families

      GroupID: 8

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A GroupNumberMales: N/A GroupNumberFemales: N/A GroupEthnicity: N/A GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 54 VHL deletion families from the Freiburg registry were selected in order to assist in the correlation of VHL deletions to clinical phenotypes.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0009713; HP:0001737 (Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts)

      GroupHPOFreeText: # of affected individuals: Renal cyst (1), Retinal capillary hemangioma (1), Hemangioblastoma/brain/cerebellum (1), Spinal hemangioblastoma (1), Pancreatic cysts (1)

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Table 2, Table 1, Table 3

      Variant: Exon 1 Deletion (c.1-?_340+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. We identified deletions ranging from 0.5 kb to 250 kb affecting part of or the entire VHL and flanking genes in 54 families

      GroupID: 3

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A GroupNumberMales: N/A GroupNumberFemales: N/A GroupEthnicity: N/A GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 54 VHL deletion families from the Freiburg registry were selected in order to assist in the correlation of VHL deletions to clinical phenotypes.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0030405 (Renal cell carcinoma, Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: # of affected individuals: Renal cell carcinoma (1), Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma (2), Hemangioblastoma/cerebellum/brain (2), Pancreatic cysts (2), Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (1).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Table 2, Table 1, Table 3

      Variant: Exon 1 Deletion (c.1-?_340+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. We identified deletions ranging from 0.5 kb to 250 kb affecting part of or the entire VHL and flanking genes in 54 families.

      GroupID: 37

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A GroupNumberMales: 0 GroupNumberFemales: N/A GroupEthnicity: N/A GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 54 VHL deletion families from the Freiburg registry were selected in order to assist in the correlation of VHL deletions to clinical phenotypes.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0009713 (Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Spinal hemangioblastoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: # of affected individuals: Renal cell carcinoma (1), Retinal capillary hemangioma (1), Spinal hemangioblastoma (1)

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Table 2, Table 1, Table 3

      Variant: Exon 1-3 Deletion (c.1-?_642+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1-3 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. We identified deletions ranging from 0.5 kb to 250 kb affecting part of or the entire VHL and flanking genes in 54 families.

      GroupID: 19

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A GroupNumberMales: N/A GroupNumberFemales: N/A GroupEthnicity: N/A GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 54 VHL deletion families from the Freiburg registry were selected in order to assist in the correlation of VHL deletions to clinical phenotypes.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0009713; HP:0001737 (Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts)

      GroupHPOFreeText: # of affected individuals: Renal cyst (1), Retinal capillary hemangioma (1), Hemangioblastoma/brain/cerebellum (1), Spinal hemangioblastoma (1), Pancreatic cysts (1)

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Table 2, Table 1, Table 3

      Variant: Exon 2 Deletion (c.341-?-463+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 2 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. We identified deletions ranging from 0.5 kb to 250 kb affecting part of or the entire VHL and flanking genes in 54 families.

      GroupID: 15

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A GroupNumberMales: N/A GroupNumberFemales: N/A GroupEthnicity: N/A GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 54 VHL deletion families from the Freiburg registry were selected in order to assist in the correlation of VHL deletions to clinical phenotypes.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0009713; HP:0001737; HP:0030424 (Renal cell carcinoma, Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Epididymal cyst)

      GroupHPOFreeText: # of affected individuals: Renal cell carcinoma (1), Renal cyst (1), Retinal capillary hemangioma (1), Hemangioblastoma/brain/cerebellum (1), Spinal hemangioblastoma (1), Pancreatic cysts (1), Epididymal cyst (1)

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Table 2, Table 1, Table 3

      Variant: Exon 2 Deletion (c.341-?-463+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 2 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Genetic testing showed that the patient was heterozygous for a deletion of three bases (TTC) in exon 1 of the von Hippel-Lindau gene.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified- Assumption: Nucleotide change is not specified in the paper, only protein coding change is. cDNA variant was inferred based on protein coding change, and reported based on VHL reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: N/A

      SamplingMethod: N/A

    1. MLPA showed an exon 2 deletion in proband 6

      PatientID: 6

      KindredID: 6

      Case: 30Y0M, Sex unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Their sister had the same deletion and presented with VHL disease type 1, and first presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 21. A second sister had no mutation and was asymptomatic, and the proband's daughter had the same deletion, but was asymptomatic at the time of the study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009715; HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma first presenting at age 15Y and RCC at age 22Y and EC (papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis) at 30Y

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 2 deletion

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 2 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. In the present study, we have analyzed 135 apparently sporadic patients developing a single tumor for the five major susceptibility genes: VHL, RET, SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD. Fourteen percent of cases were found to harbor a germline mutation, and only 2.2% of patients were older than 45 years at onset. By taking into account the tumor location and a threshold age at onset of 45 years, we propose a rational scheme for genetic testing.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Complete genetic characterization of the five susceptibility genes mentioned in this paper included point mutation analysis of all exons and intron-exon boundaries. In order to assess the meaning of undescribed variants, the authors used DNA from 1000 unrelated and unaffected individuals as a control population.

      SamplingMethod: Unspecified. According to the paper, DNA samples were obtained by "standard methodological procedures" as stated in Sambrook et al., 1989: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd ed. Paper indicates germline genetic analysis was performed.

    1. PCR products of either each VHL exon or the cDNA were purified with a QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit (Qiagen). Then, 5 μL of the eluate was used as the template for sequencing with a DNA sequencing kit (BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), and 160 nM forward or reverse primers (identical to those used for PCR reaction). The sequencing reaction was performed in the Peltier Model P200 thermocycler. The products were then analyzed on the ABI Prism 377 DNA Sequencer (Applied Biosystems) according to the manufacturer's protocol.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: PCR products of either each VHL exon or the cDNA were purified and sequenced using a DNA sequencing kit (BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). The sequencing reaction was performed in the Peltier Model P200 thermocycler. The products were then analyzed on the ABI Prism 377 DNA Sequencer (Applied Biosystems) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Clonality was determined by a transcriptional assay of exonic polymorphisms in 5 X-linked genes.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    1. Patients with VHL were retrospectively ascertained through review of medical records from various genetics clinics, molecular labs, pathology labs, and specialist clinics involved in VHL patient care, such as ophthalmology, urology, endocrinology, oncology, and neurosurgery in the Greater Toronto Area. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of VHL (Danish criteria20), regardless of confirmatory genetic testing, or those with a positive VHL family history and confirmed genetic variant were included in the analysis. Demographic, genetic, and clinical data were collected and entered into the database (Table S1).

      ArticleReferenceSequence: NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Genetic testing was done through a variety of methods depending on the availability of genetic techniques at the time of testing. Note: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of VHL, regardless of confirmatory genetic testing, or those with a positive VHL family history and confirmed genetic variant were included in the analysis.

      SamplingMethod: Data found using medical records; therefore genetic testing was completed through a variety of methods depending on the availability of genetic techniques at the time of testing

    2. 13 (17%) had large deletions,

      PatientID: 78

      KindredID: 78

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL (asymptomatic)

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: None

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs:HP:0010797; HP:0006770; HP:0100634; HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (hemangioblastoma; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Neuroendocrine neoplasm, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma, Epididymal neoplasm)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: Deletion of 3p25.3

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 3 (4%) had non-coding sequence variants in either the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) or intronic regions.

      PatientID: 13

      KindredID: 13

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0100634; HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Neuroendocrine neoplasm, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma, Epididymal neoplasm)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: c.463+37_463+39del

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: recorded in paper as: Intron 2 +37-39 del TGT. Contacted authors for clarification and confirmation of c.463+37_463+39del

      ClinVarID: 223218 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0003606 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10188351-GGTT-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_insertion


      CivicName: c.463+37_463+39del

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Complete deletion

      GroupID/ KindredID: 28

      PatientID: IV

      Case: 62Y0M, Sex unknown, Polish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family 28 consisted of 4 members; one relative (age 27Y) was found with multiple cerebellar HABs at 25Y, and multiple spinal HABs, another was diagnosed with a single cerebellar HAB at 24Y, and a final relative (40Y), was diagnosed at 30Y with multiple cerebellar HABs, and multiple spinal HABs

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient was diagnosed with a single HAB at 62Y.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009713; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (spinal hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: complete deletion of VHL gene

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Haplotype analysis information in Table 3

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Complete deletion

      GroupID/ KindredID: 28

      PatientID: III

      Case: 40Y0M, Sex unknown, Polish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family 28 consisted of 4 members; one relative (age 27Y) was found with multiple cerebellar HABs at 25Y, and multiple spinal HABs, another was diagnosed with a single cerebellar HAB at 24Y, and a final relative (62Y), diagnosed with a single HAB.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713; HP:0006880 (spinal hemangioblastoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient was diagnosed at 30Y with multiple cerebellar HABs, and multiple spinal HABs

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: complete deletion of VHL gene

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Haplotype analysis information in Table 3

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. Complete deletion

      GroupID/ KindredID: 28

      PatientID: I

      Case: 27Y0M, Sex unknown, Polish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family 28 consisted of 4 members; one relative (age 24Y) diagnosed with a single cerebellar HAB, another (40Y) diagnosed at 30Y with multiple cerebellar HABs, and multiple spinal HABs, and a final relative (62Y), diagnosed with a single HAB.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713; HP:0006880 (spinal hemangioblastoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient was found with multiple cerebellar HABs at 25Y, and multiple spinal HABs

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: complete deletion of VHL gene

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Haplotype analysis information in Table 3

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PM 29 35 F ? ? - - - - - VHL FLD – BRK1, FANCD2

      PatientID: 29

      KindredID: PM

      Case: F, 35Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737 (Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Multi-cystic pancreatic lesions.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0030393; HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Endolymphatic sac tumor, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Complete Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This variant is noted as a full-length deletion involving genes BRK1 and FANCD2.

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. NS 21 35 M ? - ? ? ? - - Exon 3 del – a, distal b

      PatientID: 21

      KindredID: NS

      Case: M, 35Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: RCC, retinal angioma and CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0030393; HP:0002666 (Pancreatic cysts, Endolymphatic sac tumor, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 3 Deletion (c.464-?_642+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 3 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. AD 7 27 M ? ? - - - - - c.340 ? 1 G[A p.G114D b

      PatientID: 7

      KindredID: AD

      Case: M, 27Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737 (Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Multi-cystic pancreatic lesions.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0030393; HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Endolymphatic sac tumor, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G114D (c.340+1G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223190, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223190/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: G114D (c.340+1G>A) and c.340+5G>C

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. We applied our custom NGS panel to samples from 12 patients previously diagnosed by Sanger sequencing as having the diseases or diagnosed clinically by meeting the diagnostic criteria in this study.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: gene panel of 23 genes selected according to the ACMG recommendations for reporting of incidental findings, but excluding genes not related to hereditary tumors. Exons of target genes were amplified and sequenced.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    1. Patient and Tissues All tissue specimens were obtained from an autopsy of one VHL patient. The patient had a documented VHL germline mutation (partial deletion). Specimens of several neoplastic lesions and grossly normal-appearing tissues were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. The patient had been treated in compliance with the National Institutes of Health Internal Review Board (protocol number 03N0164).

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown (deceased), Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0009713; HP:0002894 (hemangioblastoma; renal cell carcinoma; pancreatic cyst; spinal hemangioblastoma; neoplasm of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: All tissue specimens (kidney, brain, spinal cord, and pancreas) were obtained from an autopsy of this VHL patient. The 16 lesions from the autopsy included 3 central nervous system hemangioblastomas, 7 renal cell carcinomas, 3 cystic renal structures, 2 pancreatic tumors, and 1 pancreatic cyst.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Partial deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: By studying several VHL-associated tumors and precursor lesions from this patient, there is possible biological effects of the “second hit” independent of the germline mutation (first hit).

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Null (Partial deletion)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. In 1996, we described a 3 generation VHL 2A kindred with 11 mutation carriers. We aim to share our experience regarding the long-term follow-up of this family

      PatientID: 21

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 23Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This patient was a member of family 1, where 14/32 total patients were diagnosed with VHL. One of which (I-32) was a mutational carrier with down syndrome. The other 13 patients had varying phenotypes, including adrenal pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumors, liver and bone metastases, paraganglioma, cerebellar, spinal, and retinal hemangioblastomas, polycythemia, and chondrosarcoma. See Fig. 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0009711 (adrenal pheochromocytoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with his initial VHL-related clinical manifestations at 11Y0M. She had adrenal pheochromocytoma and retinal capillary hemangioma. She was diagnosed with VHL subtype 2A(see table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002668 (paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Patient does not have paraganglioma.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V166F (c.496G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2224, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2224/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V166F (c.496G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. In 1996, we described a 3 generation VHL 2A kindred with 11 mutation carriers. We aim to share our experience regarding the long-term follow-up of this family

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 55Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This patient was a member of family 1, where 14/32 total patients were diagnosed with VHL. One of which (I-32) was a mutational carrier with down syndrome. The other 13 patients had varying phenotypes, including adrenal pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumors, liver and bone metastases, paraganglioma, cerebellar, spinal, and retinal hemangioblastomas, polycythemia, and chondrosarcoma. See Fig. 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0002668; HP:0030405; HP:0009713; HP:0006880; HP:0001901 (adrenal pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma; pancreatic endocrine tumor; spinal hemagnioblastoma, cerebellar hemagnioblastoma; polycythemia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with his initial VHL-related clinical manifestations at 7Y0M. He was found to have adrenal pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma, pancreatic endocrine tumor, spinal and cerebellar hemagnioblastoma, and polycythemia (see table 1). Patient was diagnosed with VHL subtype 2A at 54Y0M.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 8550742

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V166F (c.496G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2224, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2224/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V166F (c.496G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 16 different families

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 5

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s father is presented with renal cell carcinoma, renal cysts, adrenal pheochromocytoma, spinal hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts, endolymphatic sac tumor and salivary gland neoplasm at age 19Y0M. This patient is 1 of 3 carrier children of this mutation, without any further phenotypic information.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G93R (c.277G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223174, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223174

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant, transversion

      CivicName: G93R (c.277G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None (Son 2)

      KindredID: 25

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Familial VHL. Two sons and a daughter presented with the same VHL germline mutation. All of these children presented with CNS hemangioblastomas. One of these sons also had renal cell carcinoma and was noted to have further unspecified phenotypes. His sister also had co-occurring unspecified phenotypes.

      CohortInfo: 26 Korean patients with more than one HAB in the CNS or eye, a single HAB in the CNS or retina plus a visceral manifestation (multiple renal, pancreatic or hepatic cysts, pheochromocytoma and RCC) and positive family history plus any one of the above manifestations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Multiple or bilateral CNS hemangioblastomas and renal cell carcinoma. Other phenotypes presented but not specified (one or more of: pancreatic cyst or tumor, renal or hepatic cyst). Diagnosed with VHL Type 1. Phenotypes revised from previous reports (see “PreviouslyPublished” section below for PMID).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 19270817 and/or 19949673

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.340+5G>C

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 36901, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36901/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.01119, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183876-G-C?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: This variant has a large allele frequency and therefore is likely non disease causing (polymorphism).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion; splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Region (c.340+5G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 10

      KindredID: 10

      Case: F, 41Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history of VHL.

      CohortInfo: 26 Korean patients with more than one HAB in the CNS or eye, a single HAB in the CNS or retina plus a visceral manifestation (multiple renal, pancreatic or hepatic cysts, pheochromocytoma and RCC) and positive family history plus any one of the above manifestations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma. Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.E70K (c.208G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43598, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43598/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000004365, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183739-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: E70K (c.208G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, 55Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history of VHL.

      CohortInfo: 26 Korean patients with more than one HAB in the CNS or eye, a single HAB in the CNS or retina plus a visceral manifestation (multiple renal, pancreatic or hepatic cysts, pheochromocytoma and RCC) and positive family history plus any one of the above manifestations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Multiple or bilateral CNS hemangioblastoma. Diagnosed with VHL Type 1. Phenotypes revised from previous reports (see “PreviouslyPublished” section below for PMID).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 19270817

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.E70K (c.208G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43598, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43598/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000004365, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183739-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: E70K (c.208G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. P9PCC VHL c.292T>C

      PatientID: P9

      KindredID: 6

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. P7PCC VHL c.292T>C

      PatientID: P7

      KindredID: 4

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. P6PCC VHL c.292T>C

      PatientID: P6

      KindredID: 3

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None (Maternal Grandmother)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 33Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Look to proband for more information on family history.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0009711 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 25494863

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.G114R (c.340G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223193, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223193/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD:

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: G114R (c.340G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1.  c.241C>T2 (2)2a/b47 (34–59)HBr, HBc, HBsc, RCC, pNET, Pheo, Cr

      GroupID:None

      DiseaseAssertion:VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Dutch

      GroupAgeRange: 34-59

      GroupInfo: 2 out of 82 individuals were grouped together based on all having the c.241C>T mutation. This group was classified as 2a/b meaning that it included de novo VHL mutation carriers or VHL mutation carriers having a family history with diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and other VHL related manifestations.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711, HP:0006880, HP:0009713, HP:0005584, HP:0030405, HP:0002666, HP:0000107 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst)

      GroupHPOFreeText: It is unclear if both patients in this group had all of these presentations or if they were only affected by a subset.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P81S (c.241C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2233 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2233/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0002179 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183772-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P81S (c.241C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 114

      KindredID: 114

      Case: Sex Unknown, 27Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal hemangioblastoma and pancreatic cyst or tumor.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0002666; HP:0000107 (Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished:N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: Partial Deletion (12kb)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Partial deletion of 12kb

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 384

      KindredID: 384

      Case: Sex Unknown, 40Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history is positive but no details provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001732; HP:0006770 (Abnormality of the pancreas, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cyst or tumor.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0000107; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished:N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: Complete Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Null (Complete deletion)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: 378

      KindredID: 378

      Case: Sex Unknown, 52Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history is positive but no details are provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0006770; HP:0001732; HP:0000107; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished:N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: Exon 1-2 Deletion (c.1-?_463+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant; deletion

      CivicName: Exon 1-2 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. 55 16 c.307C>G p.Pro103Ala x Familial Parents No

      PatientID: 55

      KindredID: 55

      Case: Sex Unknown, 16Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Variant was transmitted from a parent (both parents were analyzed) but it is unclear which parent was positive for the variant.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0006770; HP:0010797; HP:0001732; HP:0009711 (Renal cyst, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: p.P103A (c.307C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 219823, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/219823/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: P103A (c.307C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 147

      KindredID: 53

      Case: F, 18Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband's mother presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 17. She passed away before she could be diagnosed/ genetically confirmed with the same mutation as her daughter.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 18.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: c.464-1G>A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43603, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43603/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 218

      KindredID: 81

      Case: M, 26Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's sister (the proband) had the same germline mutation, and presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 24, renal cell carcinoma at 32, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 33. The proband's mother had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 35, however no genotyping information is available for her.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666 (Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 20, and a pheochromocytoma at age 26.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0001732 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 2

      Case: M, 48Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband's son also had this mutation, and presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 22. The proband's mother presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 61, and his brother presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 33. His mother passed away before diagnosis, and there was no DNA sample available for his brother.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0001737 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cysts at the age of 48.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal Capillary Hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID:

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 249

      KindredID: 95

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 244) has a daughter with the variant (patient 245) who was asymptomatic at the time of assessment.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's nephew (son of sister) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0010797 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in an earlier paper by Wang et al., 2014 (PMID 24581539) as well as a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: Exon 1 Deletion (c.1-?_340+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. PatientID: 200

      KindredID: 77

      Case: F, 25Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 200) has six family members who passed away before diagnosis/ had no DNA sample available. Of the family who passed away before diagnosis: the proband's aunt 1 (patient 202) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 27; the daughter of aunt 1 (patient 203) had a pheochromocytoma at 31; aunt 2 (patient 205) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 43, renal cell carcinoma at 36, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 48. Of the family for whom no DNA sample was available: the proband's mother (patient 201) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 51, multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 46, and a pheochromocytoma at 25; the grandson of aunt 1 (patient 204) had a pheochromocytoma at age 9; and the son of aunt 2 (patient 206) had a pheochromocytoma at 16 and renal cell carcinoma + multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 21.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a pheochromocytoma and renal cell carcinoma at 36.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma )

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954; https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    6. PatientID: 6

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, 37Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family information was provided for this patient. A total of 291 patients from 115 different families were included for analysis. VHL mutation confirmation was verified in at least one patient of each family.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 34. At age 37, they presented with renal cell carcinoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; (Retinal Capillary Hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID:

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    7. PatientID: 187

      KindredID: 72

      Case: M, 67Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband, patient 72, has multiple family members with the same mutation. Her father (patient 73) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 65, renal cell carcinioma at 54, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 67. Her sister 2 (second sister) had multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 36, and a CNS hemangioblastoma at 39. Her sister 3 had multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 32, and a retinal angioma at 34. The proband's sister 1 had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 22, but passed away before they could be diagnosed/ confirmed with the mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0001737 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 65, renal cell carcinoma at 54, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 67.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954; https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    8. PatientID: 272

      KindredID: 106

      Case: F, 51Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband, patient 272, has a daughter and a father who both passed away before diagnosis/ before they could undergo genetic testing. The proband's daughter (patient 273) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 13, and the proband's father (patient 274) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 30.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with a retinal angioma at 49, and at 51 presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: Exon 2 Deletion (c.341-?_463+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 2 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    1. 1p.F76del>18YAffected3 Hb, KC+ PC

      PatientID: None (I)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex and Ethnicity unknown; Age >18Y0M

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Total of 4 family members belonging to Family 1 (see Table 2; or follow KindredID 1)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0001737 (hemangioblastoma, renal cyst, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: 3 HB, 1 kidney cyst at first screening, as well as now pancreatic cyst at final screening (5 year follow up).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 16572651

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223166 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223166/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: p.F76del

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. A 40-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for further evaluation of a left RCC that had been found during a routine checkup. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed multiple, small tumors (≤10 mm in diameter) in the head of the pancreas as well as a left renal mass, measuring 8×7×6 cm in size (Fig. 1a). Selective abdominal angiography (via the celiac and supramesenteric arteries) disclosed numerous small tumor stains in the pancreatic head (Fig. 1b). Multiple pancreatic metastases from the left RCC were first suspected. Pancreatic microadenomatosis of MEN1 syndrome was also suggested, but no other lesions related to this syndrome (such as pituitary adenoma, parathyroid adenoma, or adrenocortical tumor) were observed. This patient had no clinical symptoms of inappropriate pancreatic hormone secretions such as insulin, glucagon, and gastrin.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 43Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770, HP:0030405, HP:0004510 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic endocrine tumour, Pancreatic islet-cell hyperplasia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At age 40 the patient presented with left sided clear cell renal cell carcinoma, islet cell hyperplasia, and pancreatic endocrine tumour. 46 months later the patient has no evidence of recurrence.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T

      VariantEvidence: Both the hyperplastic islet cells and pancreatic microadenomas stained negatively for marker upon immunohistochemical testing for hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. KindredID: 4885

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient was also described to have cysts but the type or location was not specified.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0030405 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.R161* (c.694C>T)

      ClinVarID: 2217, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as 694, C to T (Arg to stop), assumed to be reported in legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1) and mapped to c.481C>T, p.Arg161* (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: stop_gained; missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2. Presentation of CaseA 17-year-old girl was referred to our department for the investigation of a newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and a severe arterial hypertension. She was the first child of consanguineous parents. Her past medical history was unremarkable. Her family history was notable for type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia but no history of pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, unexplained sudden death, or condition that may lead to thinking about VHL disease was reported.As symptoms, the patient complained of headaches, palpitations, diaphoresis, and hot flashes since one month. She reported also asthenia and body weight loss of five kilograms in two weeks.On examination, she had a body weight of 50 kg, a body height of 154 cm, a body mass index of 21.1 kg/m2, a blood pressure of 200/100 mmHg without orthostatic hypotension, a regular pulse of 120 bpm, and a large abdominal café-au-lait spot (Figure 1). Thyroid, abdominal, and neurological examinations were normal.Open in a separate windowFigure 1A large abdominal café-au-lait spot.Twenty-four-hour blood pressure monitoring confirmed the diagnosis of hypertension and the presence of peaks of 230/110 mmHg. Electrocardiogram showed a sinus tachycardia. Capillary glucose level was 2.68 g/l without ketosis.Fundoscopy showed grade 3 hypertensive retinopathy without any other abnormalities.The results of biological investigations are shown in Table 1.Table 1Biological parameters before and after surgery. Before surgeryAfter surgeryReference rangesFasting glucose level (mmol/l)16.394.784.12–5.55Glycated hemoglobin (%)10.125.91≤5.6Total cholesterol (mmol/l)11.835.233.1–5.18Triglycerides (mmol/l)2.431.210.57–1.71Natremia (mmol/l)135140135–145Kalemia (mmol/l)3.343.6–5Creatinine (mg/L)664–13Calcium (mg/L)111.29888–105Phosphate (mg/L)443627–45Albumin (g/l)47.22—35–52Intact PTH∗ (μg/L)1825411–62TSH (mUI/L)0.625—0.12–3.4FT4 (ng/dl)1.31—0.71–1.85Calcitonin (ng/L)2.70—<10.0024 h-urine NMN (μg/24)315057030–60024 h-urine MN (μg/24)40.21220–34524 h-urine sodium (mmol/24 h)88.5— 24 h-urine potassium (mmol/24 h)60— 24 h-urine calcium (mg/24 h)200— 24 h-proteinuria (g/24)0.3—<0.3Open in a separate windowPTH: parathormone, TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone, FT4: free-T4, NMN: normetanephrines, MN: metanephrines. ∗The intact PTH dosage was made using 3rd generation chemiluminescence immunoassay.The diagnosis of clinically suspected pheochromocytoma was confirmed by the dosage of urinary methoxylated derivatives at 5 times the upper limit of normal. In addition, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and primary hyperparathyroidism were made.The abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed two adrenal masses: the first on the right measuring 35 × 55 × 70 mm with a spontaneous density of 30 HU heterogeneously enhanced in the arterial time showing areas of necrosis with an absolute washout of 40%, the second on the left measuring 24 × 27 mm with the same characteristics as the first one (Figure 2). There were neither other localizations nor lymph nodes. Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy exhibited a high accumulation of the tracer in both adrenal tumors with no other localization. Cervical ultrasound and 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy were normal. Cardiac ultrasound was normal.Open in a separate windowFigure 2Abdominal computed tomography showing the two adrenal masses (two white arrows).

      PatientID: N/A (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 18Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Not relevant - She was the first child of consanguineous parents. Her family history was notable for type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia but no history of pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, unexplained sudden death, or condition relevant to VHL. However, the family screening for VHL has not been performed.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0000819; HP:0008200 (adrenal pheochromocytoma; Diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism)

      CaseHPOFreeText: First brought to clinic for newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and severe arterial hypertension. As symptoms, the patient complained of headaches, palpitations, diaphoresis, and hot flashes since one month. She reported also asthenia and body weight loss of five kilograms in two weeks. Pheochromocytoma was confirmed. CT showed adrenal masses: Right measuring 35×55×70mm, and left measuring 24×27mm. She underwent a bilateral adrenalectomy in two steps. Pathological examination confirmed bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas. 12 months post, follow up is clear.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Thyroid, abdominal, and neurological examinations were normal.

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R64P (c.191G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2226 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2226/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R64P (c.191G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. The diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a was highly suspected, and the patient underwent a molecular investigation. DNA analysis did not find a RET proto-oncogene mutation. However, it showed a missense mutation c.191G > C (p.Arg64Pro) in exon 1 of the VHL gene on chromosome 3.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: N/A - Not specified

      SamplingMethod: N/A - Not specified

    1. PatientID: V262

      KindredID: V262

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. WM03 VHL VHL 0.74 

      PatientID: WM03

      KindredID: 9

      Case: Sex Unknown, 3Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: MAX, RET, SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, TMEM127

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: Unspecified Exon 1 mutation

      LegacyVariant: Unspecified Exon 1 mutation - no other information given

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: N/A

      CivicName: N/A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, saliva, and fresh frozen tumor samples using conventional methods. Whole exome sequencing of the proband’s germline DNA was prepared using NimbleGen 44Mb SeqCap EZ Exome Kit v2, sequenced on a HiSeq 2000, and analyzed using filtering parameters previously reported (16), with the exception that synonymous variants of PHEO susceptibility genes were not excluded. Sanger sequencing of VHL from germline and tumor genomic DNA of affected and unaffected relatives was conducted as published (16). RNA was isolated from peripheral leukocytes and fresh frozen PHEO using TRIzol, according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. cDNA was generated as we previously reported (17). Sanger sequencing of leukocyte and tumor VHL cDNA was performed by amplification of VHL transcripts using primers spanning exon 1 and exon 2 (downstream of the c.414 variant) or exon 1 and exon 3 (primer sequences available upon request).

      ArticleReferenceSequence: NM_000551.3 (Standard)

      GenotypingMethod: Sanger sequencing.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood.

    2. 4

      PatientID: Unknown

      KindredID: 4

      Case: M, 20Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This is the proband. 3 members of this family were found to have the mutation and pheochromocytoma. Other declared diseases in this family are: hemangioblastoma, parathyroid nodule, and esophageal carcinoma but the presenting patient is unclear. Relationship between these family members is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Follow-up 25 years later but it is unclear if this pertained to all affected family members. Pheochromocytoma diagnosed at age 20. VHL type 2C.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 2

      PatientID: Unknown

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, 53Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This is the proband. 5 members of this family were found to have the mutation and pheochromocytoma. Other declared diseases in this family are: paraganglioma, hemangioblastoma, lung metastases and spinal hemangioblastoma but the presenting patient is unclear.Relationship between these family members is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Follow-up 18 years later but it is unclear if this pertained to all affected family members.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Genetic screening and management The patient was investigated to determine if there was a genetic cause for her phaeochromocytoma. Neurofibromatosis type 1 was excluded on clinical grounds as she had none of the cutaneous features. Mutational analysis of the RET proto-oncogene was normal, making MEN2 unlikely. Sequencing of exons 1–3 of the VHL gene revealed a novel single base pair substitution (A268C). This replaces asparagine with histidine at codon 90 of VHL (N90H) and was not present in either parent. Another mutation at the same amino acid residue (N90I) has previously been reported in an individual with vHL disease,1 and in vitro studies indicate that this alters vHL function. Therefore, N90H is highly likely to be pathogenic.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Sequencing of exons 1–3 of the VHL gene revealed a novel single base pair substitution (A268C). Unclear of exact methods.

      SamplingMethod: Unclear - investigated conducted to determine if there was a genetic cause.

    1. A female patient presented with VHL disease at age 16, when a symptomatic left adrenal pheochromocytoma was diagnosed and removed laparoscopically. At age 28, a cystic cerebellar hemangioblastoma was removed. Molecular genetic testing revealed the mutation VHL c.500 G > A (p. R167Q).In 2010, she was admitted to the Freiburg Preventive Medicine Center. Baseline MRI detected multiple intraspinal hemangioblastomas associated with tumor cysts. Abdominal MRI also showed a 5.6 × 5.4 cm solid tumor in the pancreatic tail that was richly vascularized

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, 28Y0M, German

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748, HP:0006880, HP:0009713, HP:0030405, HP:0010302 (Adrenal pheochromocytoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, spinal hemangioblastoma, pancreatic endocrine tumour, spinal cord tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At age 16 she presented with a left adrenal pheochromocytoma which was removed laparoscopically. At age 28, a cystic cerebellar hemangioblastoma was removed. In 2010, she was admitted to the Freiburg Preventive Medicine Center. Baseline MRI detected multiple intraspinal hemangioblastomas associated with tumor cysts. Abdominal MRI also showed a 5.6 × 5.4 cm solid tumor in the pancreatic tail that was richly vascularized. Three of eleven lymph nodes showed metastases.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: VII-3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL (Asymptomatic)

      FamilyInfo: Family’s roots were traced to the German town of Leipzig in Saxony, from whence the original 11 siblings had immigrated to America around 1670. The following report is a 2011 updated pedigree on the previously reported Tisherman kindred. At the time of this study, 43/49 patients have undergone mutational analysis revealing the VHL familial mutation (Y112H) and 35/49 patients have clinical VHL manifestations. Phenotypic cumulative lifetime risk was 71% for Pheo/PGL, 15% for hemangioblastoma, 33% for retinal angioma, 3% for renal cell carcinoma, and 3% for pancreatic cysts. 6 members of the family (all deceased; 4 males, 2 females) had suspected VHL and 2 (males) of these were suspected to have had Pheo/PGL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 9201016; 8239848 (no genetic information; only phenotypes)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y112H (c.334T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y112H (c.334T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: III-6

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family’s roots were traced to the German town of Leipzig in Saxony, from whence the original 11 siblings had immigrated to America around 1670. The following report is a 2011 updated pedigree on the previously reported Tisherman kindred. At the time of this study, 43/49 patients have undergone mutational analysis revealing the VHL familial mutation (Y112H) and 35/49 patients have clinical VHL manifestations. Phenotypic cumulative lifetime risk was 71% for Pheo/PGL, 15% for hemangioblastoma, 33% for retinal angioma, 3% for renal cell carcinoma, and 3% for pancreatic cysts. 6 members of the family (all deceased; 4 males, 2 females) had suspected VHL and 2 (males) of these were suspected to have had Pheo/PGL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Phenotype noted as: Pheo/PGL (unclear which of the two or if both apply to this patient). Deceased.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 9201016; 8239848 (no genetic information; only phenotypes)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y112H (c.334T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y112H (c.334T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: V-7

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family’s roots were traced to the German town of Leipzig in Saxony, from whence the original 11 siblings had immigrated to America around 1670. The following report is a 2011 updated pedigree on the previously reported Tisherman kindred. At the time of this study, 43/49 patients have undergone mutational analysis revealing the VHL familial mutation (Y112H) and 35/49 patients have clinical VHL manifestations. Phenotypic cumulative lifetime risk was 71% for Pheo/PGL, 15% for hemangioblastoma, 33% for retinal angioma, 3% for renal cell carcinoma, and 3% for pancreatic cysts. 6 members of the family (all deceased; 4 males, 2 females) had suspected VHL and 2 (males) of these were suspected to have had Pheo/PGL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 9201016; 8239848 (no genetic information; only phenotypes)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y112H (c.334T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y112H (c.334T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: IV-12

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family’s roots were traced to the German town of Leipzig in Saxony, from whence the original 11 siblings had immigrated to America around 1670. The following report is a 2011 updated pedigree on the previously reported Tisherman kindred. At the time of this study, 43/49 patients have undergone mutational analysis revealing the VHL familial mutation (Y112H) and 35/49 patients have clinical VHL manifestations. Phenotypic cumulative lifetime risk was 71% for Pheo/PGL, 15% for hemangioblastoma, 33% for retinal angioma, 3% for renal cell carcinoma, and 3% for pancreatic cysts. 6 members of the family (all deceased; 4 males, 2 females) had suspected VHL and 2 (males) of these were suspected to have had Pheo/PGL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Phenotype noted as: Pheo/PGL (unclear which of the two or if both apply to this patient).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 9201016; 8239848 (no genetic information; only phenotypes)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y112H (c.334T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y112H (c.334T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 1

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize:14

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 14 members of this family presented with the c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. Members 296, 419, 295 and 414 had no renal involvement. Members 427, 318, 403 and 406 had unknown renal involvement. Members 402, 322, 403 and 1 had mild renal disease (RCC). Members 401 and 404 had moderate renal disease (RCC). Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009726; HP:0005584 (Renal neoplasm, Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Mild renal disease (simple renal cyst, multicystic kidney[s], small lesion [less than 10 mm in size] of unknown significance, or small solid tumor without indication for surgical removal [less than 30 mm in size]). Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Paper states that this family is previously reported in PMID 12202531 and/or 9829912, where 15 individuals and 3 families respectively with this mutation are reported. It is unclear if one or both of these previously reported groups are the same as the current family. These previously reported individuals/families could alternatively correspond to family 23 or 50.

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using DNA isolation kit for mammalian blood (Roche Diagnostics GmbH). Mutation analysis of splice sites and exons 1, 2, and 3 of the VHL gene was performed by using direct sequencing of DNA samples amplified by PCR. PCR amplifications were carried out using modified oligonucleotide primers (24), which covered the exon–intron boundaries. Sequence analysis was performed by direct cycle sequencing using the SequiTherm Excel II DNA Sequencing Kit-LC (Epicentre Technologies, Madison, WI, USA) and an automated Li-COR IR2 sequencer (Li-COR Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA) or by direct cycle sequencing using the Big Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing kit v3.1 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), and run on an automated sequencer 310 Genetic Analyzer from Applied Biosystems.In cases when direct sequencing failed to show VHL gene mutations, DNA samples were analyzed for germline deletion of the VHL gene. A nonsequence-specific real-time detection of PCR products was performed by using the DNA binding dye SYBR Green I, as described by Ponchel et al.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified- Assumption: Nucleotide change is not specified in the paper, only protein coding change is. cDNA variant was inferred based on protein coding change, and reported based on VHL reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: DNA samples amplified by PCR underwent direct sequencing using SequiTherm Excel II DNA Sequencing Kit-LC (Epicentre Technologies, Madison, WI, USA) and an automated Li-COR IR2 sequencer (Li-COR Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA) or by direct cycle sequencing using the Big Dye Terminator Cycle Sequencing kit v3.1 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), and run on an automated sequencer 310 Genetic Analyzer from Applied Biosystems. In cases where direct sequencing failed to detect any VHL mutations, patients also underwent nonsequence-specific real-time detection of PCR products using the DNA binding dye SYBR Green I.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    2. same mutation in two out of the three clinically healthy brothers

      PatientID: None (Brother 2)

      KindredID: ASP (L63P)

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Hungarian

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: Family screening showed the presence of the L63P mutation in two out of the three clinically healthy brothers, whereas the mutation was absent in a clinically healthy son. Proband of this family presented with an apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma and the L63P germline mutation of the VHL gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L63P (c.188T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2227, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as L63P and cDNA change was mapped to c.188T>C.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: L63P (c.188T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. CIP35, Bilateral33––Renal cysts and pancreatic cyst1

      PatientID: IP (Proband)

      KindredID: C

      Case: M, 35Y0M, Hungarian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Index patient presented with cerebellar hemangioblastoma, renal cysts, pancreatic cyst and bilateral renal cell carcinomas. Family members were not available for clinical and genetic screening except a brother whose screening revealed no abnormality.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0005562; HP:0005584; HP:0001737 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Multiple renal cysts, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient was operated for cerebellar hemangioblastoma at the age of 33 years. Preoperative clinical screening also showed renal cysts. Two years later, a pancreatic cyst and bilateral renal cell carcinomas were found and the patients underwent bilateral nephrectomy with subsequent chronic hemodialysis. Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 3 Deletion (c.464-?_642+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Heterozygous deletion of Exon 3.

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 3 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.269A > T p.Asn90Ile (group 8)

      GroupID: 8

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 15

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: 36.9Y +/- 15.6Y

      GroupInfo: Clinical characteristics of 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families were reported in this study. Grouped by the 21 mutations found, 3 families with 15 members total were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0002666 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 10 of the 15 members presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (mean age of 29.9Y), 2/15 had retinal capillary hemangiomas at 23Y and 30Y, renal cell carcinoma in 4 members (at a mean age of 41.5Y), pancreatic cysts in 5 members (with a mean age of onset of 41.4Y), and 1 member with pheochromocytoma at 38Y

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009715 (papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No patients were given with papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29330336; 28388566

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N90I (c.269A>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223172 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223172/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N90I (c.269A>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. c.263G > C p.Trp88Ser

      GroupID: 6B

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 9

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: 33.8Y +/- 17.6Y

      GroupInfo: Clinical characteristics of 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families were reported in this study. Grouped by the 21 mutations found, 3 families with 13 members total were described. it is unclear how many distinct families are reported in group 6B. 9 individuals were described. Phenotypic information was given for this mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0009715 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 7 of the 9 members presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (mean age of 29.9Y), 2/9 had retinal angiomas at 25Y and 35Y, 1 had renal cell carcinoma (at 30Y), pancreatic cysts in 2 members (with an age of onset of 30 and 31Y), and 1 member with a genital system tumor (epididymis or broad ligament) at 24Y

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No patients were given with pheochromocytoma

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29330336; 28388566

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.W88S (c.263G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2220, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2220/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: W88S (c.263G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 337

      GroupID: 10

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 6

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: 47.0Y +/- 18.4Y

      GroupInfo: Clinical characteristics of 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families were reported in this study. Grouped by the 21 mutations found, 2 families with 6 members total were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0009715 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 3 of the 6 members presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (mean age of 40.0Y), 3/6 had retinal capillary hemangiomas (at a mean age of 23Y), renal cell carcinoma in 3 members (at a mean age of 35.3Y), pancreatic cysts in 2 members (with age of onsets of 26 and 27Y), and 1 with a papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis genital system tumor (epididymis or broad ligament) (at age 18Y).

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: no members were found with pheochromocytomas

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29330336

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R113* (c.337C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 220414 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/220414/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R113* (c.337C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. In our study, group 5 represented the c.262T > C p.Trp88Arg mutation that included 21 patients from 2 families (Figure 4 and Table 3). Variability was observed in the mean age at onset for CHB and RCC, which were 41.1 ± 9.1 (range = 29–62) and 37.4 ± 12.9 (range = 23–65), respectively.

      PatientID: 4

      KindredID: 2 (group ID 5)

      Case: F, 31Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      CohortInfo: Clinical characteristics of 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families were reported in this study. Grouped by the 21 mutations found, 2 families with 21 members total were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group.

      FamilyInfo: In family 2, 4 members were described in a 3 generation family. The proband’s mother, uncle, and grandfather were also present with the VHL mutation. See Fig 4 for family pedigree; Table 3 for details.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: No characteristics were described

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.W88R (c.262T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496053 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496053/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: W88R (c.262T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    1. Eighteen VHL patients who underwent pancreatectomy for one or several endocrine tumors at Beaujon hospital from 1997 to 2008 were retrieved from the file of VHL patients (Table 1).

      PatientID: 7

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 26Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pancreatic endocrine tumor

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: See Table 1 for more information

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: N/A; Null (large rearrangement)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: rearrangement_region

      CivicName: Rearrangement

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: ccRCC-132

      KindredID: 132

      Case: M, 59Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: 240 ccRCC specimens.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText:He was diagnosed with ccRCC at age 54.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary table 1.

      Variant: c.464-1G>T

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223221 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223221/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 20567917

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 2

      Case: F, 29Y0M, Brazilian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: VHL type 1. Genetic testing has been performed in her parents and brother with negative results. Her only child has not undergone predictive testing yet.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0001737; HP:0001407 (endolymphatic sac tumor; retinal capillary hemangioma; hemangioblastoma; renal cysts; pancreatic cysts; hepatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: endolymphatic sac tumor diagnosed at 11Y, retinal angiomas at 16Y; hemangioblastoma, renal, pancreatic, and hepatic cysts at 29Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: p.Q73* (c.217C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223164 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223164/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Q73* (c.217C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 14482

      Case: Age unknown, Sex unknown, Belgian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Paper states: Belgian family; Germline mutation

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. All family members underwent clinical, laboratory, imaging, and genetic evaluation.

      PatientID: IV-28 [written in Table 2 as IV-24 - typo]

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 33Y0M, Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Familial history was positive. See Fig 1. A total of 43 members of the kindred, 24 males and 19 females, aged 2-77 years were reached for evaluation. It is stated in the paper that all affected subjects (13) were positive for the same mutation (c.500G>A). Additionally, gene sequencing revealed that 4 asymptomatic members of the kindred also harbored the pathogenic mutation, one of which was this patient who proved to be symptomatic. Phenotypes include pheochromocytoma, hemangioblastoma, and retinal HB.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011732; HP:0006880; HP:0010302 (abnormality of adrenal morphology, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, spinal cord tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Originally thought to be an asymptomatic carrier, however after follow-up was found to be symptomatic: brain MRI revealed multiple tutors, including a frontal mass (cerebellar tumor) with multiple spinal lesions, and an abdominal CT showed a 1.6x1.7 right adrenal mass. Additionally, this patient was pregnant at the time, to which was terminated at the 38th week of gestation with a caesarian section. She has two other children already.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000077 (abnormality of the kidney)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: There was no case of kidney tumors among the kindred.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2,3Deletion

      PatientID: I:1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 50Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: the patient’s son was observed to be affected with CNS hemangioblastoma diagnosed at 37Y, retinal capillary hemangioma at 31Y, and epididymal/ovarian cystadenoma at 16Y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had hemangioblastomas at 50Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: exon 2,3 deletion

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: exon 2-3 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. c.269A>T p.Asn90Ile

      PatientID: II:3 (proband 4)

      KindredID: 4

      Case: M, 38Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s mother (I:1) was found with the same mutation and RCC at 63Y. The proband’s brother (II:1) died before diagnosis; thus no DNA sample available. He presented with hemangioblastoma at 19Y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had hemangioblastoma at 22Y and retinal capillary hemangioma at 32Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N90I (c.269A>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223172 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223172/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: N90I (c.269A>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. c.499C>T p.Arg167Trp

      PatientID: II:4 (proband 5’s sister 2)

      KindredID: 5

      Case: F, 34Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Her father and two sisters presented with this same mutation. The father had RCC diagnosed at 54Y. The one sister (II:3) had had pancreatic tumors at 36Y and hemangioblastomas at 38Y. The brother (II:1) appeared to be non-affected, while the other sister (II:2) had hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, and Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis diagnosed at 37Y; and pheochromocytoma at 39Y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary angiomas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: had retinal angiomas at 34Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/)

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. 1Deletion

      PatientID: II:2

      KindredID: 8

      Case: F, 43Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: a 3 generational family found with 5 phenotypically affected members, two of which were confirmed with the exon 1 deletion. This patient and her son were tested to be found with the deletion of exon 1. Her son was found with retinal angiomas at 17Y, pancreatic cysts and epididymal/ovarian cystadenoma at 19Y, and hemangioblastomas at 23Y. Her two sisters and father all had hemangioblastomas; and father also had RCC, however the father and one sister were deceased; and the other sister was not available to provide a DNA sample.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient was found with retinal hemangioblastomas at 35Y and hemangioblastomas at 43Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: exon 1 deletion

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: exon 1 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Total cellular RNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells (PBLs) from each patient following the clinical trial, using a Nucleo Spin RNA kit (Macherey-Nagel, Düren, Germany). One microgram of total RNA was reverse-transcribed in a final volume of 20 μl with the First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) using random primers. The SYBR Green PCR system (BioRad, Hercules, CA, USA) was used to perform real-time PCR with an iQ5 system (Biorad, Spain)

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood using Nucleo Spin RNA kit (Macherey-Nagel, Düren, Germany)

    1. Nine patients were diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Lumbal spinal hemangioblastoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor without pheochromocytoma were detected in one patient. In patients with pheochromocytoma, additional tumors, such as retinal angioma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic serous cystadenoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors were detected. All patients were diagnosed as VHL syndrome type 2B.

      PatientID: III-10

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 27Y0M, Turkish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 17 family members from three generations were examined with the c.445G>T mutation and diagnosed with VHL type 2B. 11 individuals had clinical manifestations and 6 were asymptomatic carriers. One additional member (II-9) had passed before testing however were likely a carrier of the mutation. This patient’s mother, brother, and more, had the mutation. See Fig. 1 for full family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0005584 (adrenal pheochromocytoma; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma, right RCC

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0030393; HP:0009715 (endolymphatic sac tumor, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis) 

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.A149S (c.445G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 127829 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/127829/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: A149S (c.445G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. M198434NoCentral nervous system Hb, two RCC3Yesc.490C>T p.(Gln164*)3.33.5Tissue not available

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 4

      Case: M, 34Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had three tumours, one hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system and two renal cell carcinomas.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Previously published in 24301059.

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q164* (c.490C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223228 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223228/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: The patient had a mosaic mutation with a mutated allele frequency of 3.3%. Copy number events of the mutated and wild type allele are available in table S4 of the supplemental.

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Q164* (c.490C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 21 missense mutations

      PatientID: 13

      KindredID: 354

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405 (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumour)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500 G >A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. In four families, partial deletions of one or more exons were detected by Southern blot analysis

      GroupID/ KindredID: Family D

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL (clinically diagnosed in, at minimum, the proband)

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Belgian

      GroupAgeRange: 46-? (mean 46Y)

      GroupInfo: 2 family members are grouped with this deletion

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001737 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic cysts)

      GroupHPOFreeText: both (2) patients were found with hemangioblastoma, 1 with retinal capillary hemangioma, and 1 with pancreatic cysts. Unclear specific patient-phenotype grouping

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No patients were found to have pheochromocytoma or RCC

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Deletion of exon 1

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Southern blot analysis with EcoRI and hybridization with the g7 probe generated an aberrant restriction fragment (Fig. 3). This aberrant restriction fragment was recognized by probes representing exons 2 and 3. However, hybridization with the exon 1 probe resulted in a normal banding pattern, indicating a deletion encompassing exon 1.

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: exon 1 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. In four families, partial deletions of one or more exons were detected by Southern blot analysis

      PatientID: unknown (brother)

      KindredID: A

      Case: M, Age unknown, Turkish

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 5 family members are grouped with this deletion (ages 16-37Y; mean 31Y). VHL was clinically diagnosed in, at minimum, the proband. See Fig. 2 for family pedigree. This patient and his one brother were not tested for the DNA deletion however it is assumed by the authors due to the segregation observed.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0010797 (retinal capillary hemangioma; pheochromocytoma; hemangioblatoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Deletion of exons 1 and 2

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: not tested for the DNA deletion however it is assumed by the authors due to the segregation observed.

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: exon 1-2 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. In four families, partial deletions of one or more exons were detected by Southern blot analysis

      PatientID: 9

      KindredID: A

      Case: F, Age unknown, Turkish

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 5 family members are grouped with this deletion (ages 16-37Y; mean 31Y). VHL was clinically diagnosed in, at minimum, the proband. See Fig. 2 for family pedigree. The father and one uncle were not tested for the DNA deletion however it is assumed by the authors due to the segregation observed.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma; pheochromocytoma; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Deletion of exons 1 and 2

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: HindIII and revealed an aberrant banding pattern in three affected family members (1, 2, and 9)

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: exon 1-2 deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 37

      KindredID: F01

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Unknown Ethnicity

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: A total of 12 members of this family (F01) had a complete deletion of the VHL gene. Five of these patients (16, 18, 21, 33, 43) presented with clinical features of VHL. This family was previously published except for patients 43 and 48 which were newly diagnosed with VHL disease in the current study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 17537157

      SupplementalData: Figure 2.

      Variant: Complete Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Deletion of ~250.9kb resulted in deletion of the VHL gene.

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 16

      KindredID: F01

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: A total of 12 members of this family (F01) had a complete deletion of the VHL gene. Five of these patients (16, 18, 21, 33, 43) presented with clinical features of VHL. This family was previously published except for patients 43 and 48 which were newly diagnosed with VHL disease in the current study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 17537157

      SupplementalData: Figure 2.

      Variant: Complete Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Deletion of ~250.9kb resulted in deletion of the VHL gene.

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2.2. DNA sequencingGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes by standard extraction methods.2 Genomic DNA (50–100 ng) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a standard PCR buffer containing 200 mM of each deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP), 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.25 units of Ex Taq™ DNA polymerase (TaKaRa, Dalian, China) and 0.2 mM of each primer. The PCR conditions were as follows: 95 °C for 5 min; 35 cycles of 95 °C for 30 s, 62 °C for 45 s and 72 °C for 1 min; and 72 °C for 10 min. PCR products were purified and sequenced with an automated DNA sequencer (ABI PRISM®3100, Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Exon 1 was amplified using two primer sets. Exons 2 and 3 were each amplified using one primer set. The primer pairs used for the amplification of the three exons and their flanking introns of the VHL gene are shown (Table 1).

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA (50–100 ng) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a standard PCR buffer containing 200 mM of each deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP), 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.25 units of Ex Taq™ DNA polymerase (TaKaRa, Dalian, China) and 0.2 mM of each primer. Any partial or complete VHL gene deletions were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR).

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood leukocytes

    1. F10

      PatientID: I.1

      KindredID: F10

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: This patient’s partner and two children were all carriers of the D143= (c.429C>T) germline VHL variant. Their son was diagnosed with splenomegaly and polycythemia and was homozygous for the variant. All other family members were asymptomatic.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D143= (c.429C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 416990, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/416990/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007953, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10188286-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition; synonymous_variant

      CivicName: D143= (c.429C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. ProbandMalec.293A>G; p.Try98Cys

      PatientID: 5

      KindredID: 5

      Case: M, 10Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: (See figure 3E for pedigree). The proband (Patient 5's) mother had left adrenal pheochromocytomas, and his grandmother had bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Proband presented with bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma

      CaseNotHPOs:None

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98C (c.293A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariant Free Text: N/A

      ClinVar: 223176, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223176/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_transition

      CivicName: Y98C (c.293A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Arg167Trp

      GroupID: 9

      DiseaseAssertion: Neuroendocrine neoplasm (pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma)

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Ethnicity unknown

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This mutation (p.R167W (c.499C>T)) was found in 3 patients, 2 with a family history and/or a syndromic presentation, and 1 patient with an apparently sporadic presentation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0100634 (Neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients with a pheochromocytoma or a functional paraganglioma were recruited from several different French clinical centers participating in several clinical research networks (Cortico et Medullosurrènale: les Tumeurs Endocrines, Paragan-Glioma Network, Groupe des Tumeurs Endocrines)

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: RET, NF1, SDHB/SDHC/SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Germline genotype analysisGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using the QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Germany). Three coding exons and their flanking intronic regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers as described previously [12]. Direct sequencing was used to detect missense and splicing mutations. Large exon deletions were detected using a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification kit (MLPA, P016-C2, MRC-Holland, Amsterdam) and confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR using the primers described by Ebenazer et al. [13]. All patients were divided into the following five groups: missense group, partial deletion group, large deletion group, frameshift group and splicing site mutation group.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Three coding exons and flanking introns of VHL were amplified by PCR, followed by direct sequencing to detect missense and splice mutations. MLPA was used to detect large exon deleteions.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    1. The concurrence of different types of brain tumors is extremely rare. We present a 29-yearold women with brainstem hemangioblastoma, posterior fossa meningiomas and a pituitary spaceoccupying lesion causing hyperprolactinemia.Despite multiple primary intracranial tumors,through systemic work-up, no other manifestation related to von Hippel-Lindau(VHL) disease was found. Complete resection of the brainstem hemangioblastoma and posterior fossa meningiomas was achieved in one single operation via a sub-occipital posterior combined with retrosigmoid approach. The patient was discharged without obvious postoperative complications

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 29Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Negative family history, suggesting a de novo mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002858; HP:0012503; HP:0000141 (hemangioblastoma; meningioma; pituitary lesion; amenorrhea)

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1-year history of amenorrhea, she was found to have a brainstem hemangioblastoma, posterior fossa meningiomas and a pituitary spaceoccupying lesion causing hyperprolactinemia. Complete resection of the brainstem hemangioblastoma and posterior fossa meningiomas was achieved in one single operation via a sub-occipital posterior combined with retrosigmoid approach. The patient was later discharged without obvious postoperative complications.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Partial deletion of Exon 1

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: N/A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. oth brothers with renal cell carcinoma with VHL gene mutation

      PatientID: None (Brother 1)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 79Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: FamilyInfo: One brother (proband, 75Y) presented with Hemangioblastoma, Hypertension, Cataract, Visual loss, Amblyopia, Diabetes mellitus, Adenocarcinoma of the colon, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Retinitis, Anal canal adenocarcinoma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Gastrointestinal carcinoma, Cerebellar hemangioblastoma and the same VHL mutation as this patient. Mother with a brain tumor of unconfirmed pathology, and another brother (70Y) with renal cell carcinoma with the VHL gene mutation. Nephew (44Y) has VHL mutation but is asymptomatic. Niece (40Y) had a brain hemorrhage, other niece had hematologic malignancy, son has pancreatic cancer; genetic information is unclear or not provided for either.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.E70K (c.208G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43598, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43598/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000004365, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183739-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: E70K (c.208G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 499C→T Ts Exon 3 167 CGG R R167W

      GroupID: 47

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 15

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 15 patients are listed with this mutationt; any relation is unknown.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 5 patients were said to have retinal HBs. Other manifestations are not clearly stated.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: the other 10 members are said to not have retinal HBs

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: some are possibly published in PMID:15300849

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N.A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: Carrier 7 (niece to proband 3)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The family with PCCs includes 56 members of 4 generations, and is from Gansu Province. Among them, 7 extended over 3 generations were diagnosed as PCCs. One died before admission and another died due to a cardiovascular incident. Five were initially evaluated; evaluation included medical history, physical examination, abdominal ultrasonography, CT or MRI and laboratory tests. All 5 probands of this family underwent surgical resection. The tumors were benign under pathological examinations. There were no recurrence and malignant transformation over the period of up to 23-year follow-up. Twenty members, including 5 live patients and 15 direct relatives, accepted genetic examination.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.H125P (c.374A>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223201, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223201/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: H125P (c.374A>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 19

      KindredID: 19

      Case: F, 72Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Adrenal pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (Adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unilateral benign adrenal pheochromocytoma that was operated on at age 58.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.I147T (c.440T>C)

      LegacyVariant: I147T (c.653T>C)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 411964, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/411964/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as I147T (c.653T>C), legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1), and was mapped to p.Ile147Thr (c.440T>C) in accordance with reference sequence NM_000551.3.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: I147T (c.440T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.467 A>Gap.Y156C

      GroupID: 19A

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None. The patient with the given mutation in this study was a VHL patient with pancreatic ICTs.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient has islet cell tumors (ICTs), or listed as pancreatic endocrine tumor.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. We evaluated the utility of a previously described real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) using SYBR Green for detection of larger deletions in the VHL gene

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: realtime quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) was used to detect large deletions in the VHL gene. RQ-PCR assay was done using SYBR green master mix for detecting large deletions in the VHL gene.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral venous blood

    1. family A

      FamilyInfo: Family A, German, Pedigree in Fig 1

      FamilyHPOs: HP:0007663, HP:0011003, HP:0008001, HP:0030602, HP:0000551, HP:0000603, HP:0000512 (reduced visual acuity, high myopia, foveal hyperpigmentation, hyperfluorescent fovea, color vision defect, central scotoma, abnormal ERG)

      FamilyHPOFreeText: All 3 affected family members were diagnosed with CRD in the second decade of life. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) displayed altered photoreceptors in the fovea, whereas the peripheral photoreceptors are intact (Figure 2C, and 2A, 2B). On ERG photopic responses were nondetectable and scotopic responses reduced in all three siblings.

      FamilyMethod1: Homozygosity mapping

      FamilyMethod2: WES

      FamilyGenotypingMethod: Homozygosity mapping, using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 250K SNP arrays, in 3 affected siblings revealed a shared homozygous region of 4.68 Mb on chromosome 4 containing 15 genes. Subsequently, exome sequencing was performed in 2 of the affected sibling, A-II:1 and A-II:2. No pathogenic variants in the genes known to be mutated in arCRD (ABCA4, ADAM9, C8orf37, CERKL, EYS, RPGRIP1, and TULP1) were observed among the shared variants. RAB28 variant confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_001017979.2:c.565C>T (p.Glu189Ter), homozygous, (all 3 affected individuals are homozygous, parents not tested)

      ClinVar: 60754

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD.

      Proband: A-II:1, 14 years at diagnosis, 28 years at last visit, German

      CaseHPOsFreeText: Refractive error OD -16D SE, OS -15.5D SE; visual acuity OD 20/320 OS 20/200; hyperpigmented foveal region; autofluorescence showed hyperfluorescent area at foveal region; OCT showed irregular inner and outer segments in fovea, thinning of other retinal layers of fovea; color vision using D-15 Panel showed tritan and defects in scotopic lines; visual field showed concentric reduction to 15–20 degrees (III/4); ERG at age 16 revealed nondetectable cone function and reduced rod responses.

    1. Case: Patient E

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD2N

      FamilyInfo: Family 4

      ParentalGenotype(s):

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0012147, HP:0030129, HP:0030130, HP:0011871

      CaseHPOFreeText: PTsec = 38.1, FVIII U/dL = 19.8, FVIII ratio = 0.42, VWF:Ag U/dL = 46.6, VWF:FVIIIB U/dL = 7.7, VWF:FVIIIB ratio = 0.16, VWF:CB U/dL = 44.8, VWF:RCo U/dL = 51.9, RIPA % = 64.8, PlatVWF:Ag U/dL = 60.6

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: n/a

      GenotypingMethod: "Genetic analysis was performed on exons 17-20 of the VWF gene as previously described" (PMID: 12393698)

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Gene: VWF

      Variant1: c.2561G>A (p.Arg854Gln)

      HGVS: NM_000552.5(VWF):c.2561G>A (p.Arg854Gln)

      ClinVarID: 296; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/296/?new_evidence=false

      CAID: n/a

      gnomAD: MAF (European, Finnish) = 0.005692; https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/12-6143978-C-T

      Variant2:

    1. 660

      Case#: Ahmad_2014_660

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD type 2A

      FamilyInfo: heterozygous (probably affected according to multimer analysis) mother and sibling

      ParentalGenotype: heterozygous mother and sibling, homozygous wt father

      CasePresentingHPOs: none described

      CaseHPOFreeText: none described

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: not reported

      GenotypingMethod: PCR, restriction digest

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: NM_000552.5(VWF):c.4883T>C (p.Ile1628Thr)

      HGVS:

      ClinVarID: 284

      CAID:

      gnomAD: not reported

      MultipleGeneVariants:

    1. Case 1

      Case: Case 1, female, newborn

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD2B

      FamilyInfo: 2nd child of couple without family history of bleeding; Analysis of platelet genotype for HPA-1, 2, 3, 5, and HPA-15 alleles by PCR-SSP performed in both parents showed a possible incompatibility in HPA-1b and HPA-5b; No maternal anti-HPA antibody was detected using monoclonal antibody-specific immobilization of platelet antigen method directed against HPA-1, 3, 4, HPA-2, and HPA-5 antigens

      ParentalGenotype(s): Variant absent from both parents

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001873, HP:0000967, HP:0030129

      (Thrombocytopenia, petechia, impaired ristocetin cofactor assay activity)

      CaseHPOFreeText: born at 40wks, Detection of maternal alloantibodies against HPA antigens present on paternal platelets showed weak cross reactivity, VWF:RCo = 8 IU dL−1, VWF:RCo/VWF:Ag < 0.1, FVIII:C = 94 IU dL−1, RIPA could not be performed due to low platelet count

      CaseNOTHPOs: HP:0032169

      (infection)

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: DIC, spontaneous bleeding

      CasePreviousTesting: NA

      GenotypingMethod: sequencing of the whole exon 28 of VWF gene

      PreviouslyPublished: NA

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: c.4379T>C (p.Leu1460Pro)

      HGVS: NM_000552.3:c.4379T>C (p.Leu1460Pro)

      ClinVarID:

      CAID:

      gnomAD:

    1. Case 12

      Case: Case 12, ages 2-17, Croatian

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD2A

      FamilyInfo:

      ParentalGenotypes(s):

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: bleeding score= 7, VWF:GPIbM (%)= 25.7, VWF:Ag (%)= 47.7, vWF:GPIbM/vWF:Ag ratio= 0.54, FVIII:C (%): 64, VWF: CBA (%)= 39.2

      CasePreviousTesting:

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: c.4717G>A, p.Gly1573Ser

      HGVS: NM_000552.5:c.4717G>A

      ClinVar: 100384

      gnomAD: https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/12-6127867-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

    2. Case 10

      Case: Case 10, ages 2-17, Croatian

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD2A

      FamilyInfo:

      ParentalGenotypes(s):

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: bleeding score= 15, VWF:GPIbM (%)= <4, VWF:Ag (%)= 19.8, vWF:GPIbM/vWF:Ag ratio= 0.20, FVIII:C (%): 25, VWF: CBA (%)= 8.5

      CasePreviousTesting:

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: c.4517C>T, p.Ser1506Leu

      HGVS: NM_000552.5:c.4517C>T

      ClinVar: 100369

      gnomAD: not included

    3. Case 11

      Case: Case 11, ages 2-17, Croatian

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD2M

      FamilyInfo:

      ParentalGenotypes(s):

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: bleeding score= 9, VWF:GPIbM (%)= 13.4, VWF:Ag (%)= 59.0, vWF:GPIbM/vWF:Ag ratio= 0.23, FVIII:C (%): 89, VWF: CBA (%)= 20.2

      CasePreviousTesting:

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: c.4645G>A, p.Glu1549Lys

      HGVS: NM_000552.5:c.4645G>A

      ClinVar: 100379

      gnomAD: not included

    1. rs617485116131999c.3445T > C26p.C1149R1042A

      Case: n.a.

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD 2A

      FamilyInfo:n.a.

      ParentalGenotype(s):n.a.

      CasePresentingHPOs:n.a.

      CaseHPOFreeRext:n.a.

      CaseNOTHPOs: n.a.

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText:n.a.

      CasePreviousTesting:n.a.

      GenotypingMethod:n.a.

      PreviouslyPublished: If applicable.n.a.

      Gene: VWF

      Variant:NM_000552.5(VWF):c.3445T>C (p.Cys1149Arg)

      HGVS:NM_000552.5:c.3445T>C

      ClinVarID:309

      CAID:n.a.

      gnomAD:n.a.

    1. Case#: Elayaperumal_2018_V-270 , F, 1.5 y.o. (onset), origin in India

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD type 3

      FamilyInfo: consanguinity, no family history of bleeding

      ParentalGenotype: not reported

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText: bleeding score of 3, VWF:Ag of 0, FVIII:C 6.2%

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: not reported

      GenotypingMethod: CSGE and Sanger sequencing of VWF gene only.

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: homozygous c.3656delC (p.Pro1219Leufs*34)

      HGVS: NM_000552.3:c.3656delC

      ClinVarID: not found

      CAID:unable to register- system not processing 2/3/23

      gnomAD: not found

      MultipleGeneVariants: n/a

    1. 38-yr-old Nepalese woman

      Case: 38 year old Napalese woman

      DiseaseAssertion: type 2N VWD

      FamilyInfo: mother and elder brother had bleeding manifestations since childhood.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005261, HP:0012233, HP:0000132, HP:0003645, HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeRext: diagnosed as hemophilia A with factor VIII level of 3.6%. normal CBC; bleeding time, 2 min; PT, 14.9 sec (11-14 sec); aPTT, 51.2 sec (24-38 sec); and factor VIII, 4.9% (50-150%)

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: No abnormalities were found in the vWF antigen level (71.3%), ristocetin cofactor assay (130.4%), and multimer assay

      GenotypingMethod: direct DNA sequencing of the VWF gene

      Gene: VWF

      Variant: c.2446C>T (p.Arg816Trp)

      HGVS: NM_000552.5:c.2446C>T p.(Arg816Trp)

      ClinVarID: 295

      gnomAD: MAF of 0.0001667 (10/59984) in Admixed American population https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/12-6036488-G-A?dataset=gnomad_r4

    1. 5

      Case#: 5, male, 65yo

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD1

      FamilyInfo: grandson diagnosed with VWD

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000978, HP:0004846, HP:0012147, HP:0030129, HP:0030130 (Bruising susceptibility, Reduced quantity of VWF, Impaired ristocetin cofactor assay activity, Impaired von Willebrand factor collagen binding activity)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Bleeding after oral surgery, ESRD awaiting renal transplantation, Type A blood, VWF:Ag (0·55–2 iu/ml) pre = 0·41, VWF:RCo (0·55–2 iu/ml) pre = 0·29, FVIII:C (0·55–2 iu/ml) pre = 0·31, FVIII:C/VWF:Ag ratio = 0·75, VWF:FVIII binding (>20%) = 12%, VWF:FVIII binding/VWF:Ag (>0·7) = 0·29, Uncomplicated kidney transplant with VWF concentrate replacement

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      ProteinExpression: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RFLP; confirmatory sequencing

      Gene: VWF

      Variant 1: NM_000552.4(VWF):c.2561G>A (p.Arg854Gln)

      ClinVar: 296; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/296/

      gnomAD: MAF = 0.005692 (European Non-Finnish); https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/12-6143978-C-T

      Variant 2: N/A - stated to be a compound heterozygote for a 2N VWD and a presumed null mutation

    1. 31

      Case#: Melo-Nava_2007,31, F, 7 y.o. (report), Mestizo Mexican and French ancestry reported

      DiseaseAssertion: VWD type 3

      FamilyInfo: No consanguinity

      ParentalGenotype: NR

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText: low 42% VWF:Ag, low FVIII:C 40%, low RIPA 24%, moderate bleeding severity

      CaseNotHPOs: abnormal platelet count

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: not reported

      GenotypingMethod: PCR

      Gene: VWF

      Variant:

      HGVS: NM_000552.5(VWF):c.4883T>C (p.Ile1628Thr)

      ClinVarID: 284

      CAID:

      gnomAD: Not found

      MultipleGeneVariants:

    1. 12-year-old girl

      Case#: 12 yr, female,

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: Father and younger brother also diagnosed, same mutation, brother asymptomatic,

      CasePresentingHPOs: Syncope, Left bundle branch block, third degree atrioventricular block, amaurosis fugax, vertigo, ventricular septal hypertrophy, mitral regurgitation (HP:0001279, HP:0011713, HP:0001709, HP:0100576, HP:0002321, HP:0005144, HP:0001653)

      CaseHPOFreeText: bilateral atrial enlargement to 44mm for left and 40 mm for right, interventricular septum thickened to 23mm, posterior left ventricle thickened to 10 mm, left ventricular ejection fraction of 51.8%, elevated plasma level B-type Natriuretic peptic 1165 pg/ml

      CaseNotHPOs: heart murmur (HP:0030148)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: normal liver and spleen size, no edema, pericardial abnormality, no obstruction of left ventricular outflow tract, normal pasma amino acids and urine organic acids

      CasePreviousTesting: whole exome sequencing

      CaseGenotypingMethod: heart rate of 102/min; respiratory rate of 25/min; blood pressure of 127/74 mmHg; ECG; 175 QRS complex; Holter monitor; MRI; Etiologic investigations; Bioinformatic analysis based on Polymorphism Phenotyping v2, Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant;

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2155C>T (p.Arg719Trp)

      ClinVar: 14104 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14104/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00006481 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895180-G-A

    1. 57 unrelated Chinese patients with LVNC were recruited at Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China. Detailed clinical evaluation was performed on the probands and available family members. DNA samples isolated from the peripheral blood of the index cases were screened for 10 sarcomeric genes, including MYH7, MYBPC3, MYL2, MYL3, MYH6, TNNC1, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, and ACTC1

      Four MYH7 variants mentioned using reference transcript NM_000257.2

      c.464_466delTCT

      c.745C>G

      c.1106G>A

      c.2785G>A

    1. Supplementary Material 4

      Case M-28: Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (HCM and DCM)

      CasePreviousTesting: Clinical evaluation, chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 8 sarcomeric genes amplified from genomic DNA via PCR then screened using bidirectional direct sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2770G>A (p.Glu924Lys)

      ClinVar: 14092, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14092/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. 45 yr old femaleproband

      Case#: 45 yr, female, diagnosed at 13 from heart murmur

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: sibling with HCM, family history of symptoms and same mutation

      CasePresentingHPOs: left ventricular hypertrophy (HP:0001712)

      CaseHPOFreeText: abnormal coaptation of the mitral valve, systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve,

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: stem cell derivation and cardiomyocyte differentiation; hiPSC-cardiomyocyte shRNA silencing experiments; qPCR analysis of MYH7 alleles; ECG; Micropatterning; ASO silencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1208G>A (p.Arg403Gln)

      ClinVar: 14087 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14087/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: absent

    1. HCM006

      CaseHCM006: 15 yrs report, Vietnam, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Family history of sudden cardiac death

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002875, HP:0001712, HP:0031295, HP:0011103, HP:0001653 (Exertional dyspnea, Left ventricular hypertrophy, Left atrial enlargement, Abnormality of the left ventricular outflow tract, Mitral regurgitation)

      HPOsFreeText: Maximal LV thickness 33 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005110, HP:0001297, HP:0004756 (Atrial fibrillation, Stroke, Ventricular tachycardia)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The gene panel included 10 sarcomeric genes (MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1, TNNC1, MYH6), 9 genes encoding Z-disk components and Ca2+ homeostasis factors (LDB3, CSRP3, TCAP, VCL, ACTN2, MYOZ2, NEXN, JPH2, PLN), and 4 genes involved in HCM phenocopies (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2, TTR), All probands had left ventricular wall thickness >= 15 mm and no other diseases that can cause secondary hypertrophy

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The coding region, flanking sequences, and untranslated regions of each gene were enriched by LC-PCR, amplified, and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq or MiniSeq platform. Identified variants were then filtered for pathogenicity and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2207T>C (p.Ile736Thr)

      ClinVar: 164342 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/164342/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      Multiple Gene Variants

      (1) NEXN Variant

      Variant: NM_144573.3(NEXN):c.835C>T (p.Arg279Cys)

      ClinVar: 30994 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/30994/

      gnomAD: 0.006303, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-78392548-C-T

    1. 9

      Case9: Male, 46 years onset, 48 years diagnosis, Italy

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes, ERT started at 48, GAA Activity at ~7.5 pmol/min/mg before ERT and ~11 after

      GroupGenotypingMethod: PCR Amplification and GAA Gene Sequencing


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.525delT (p.Glu176Argfs*45)

      ClinVar: 4033 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4033/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.880e-4, Overall 9.959e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078909-CT-C


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    2. 8

      Case8: Male, 16 years onset, 36 years diagnosis, Italy

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes, ERT started at 36, GAA Activity at ~5 pmol/min/mg before ERT and ~13 after

      GroupGenotypingMethod: PCR Amplification and GAA Gene Sequencing


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.525delT (p.Glu176Argfs*45)

      ClinVar: 4033 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4033/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.880e-4, Overall 9.959e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078909-CT-C


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    3. 18

      Case18: Female, 50 years onset, 53 years diagnosis, Italy

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes, ERT started at 56, GAA Activity at ~6 pmol/min/mg before ERT and ~9 after

      GroupGenotypingMethod: PCR Amplification and GAA Gene Sequencing


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.1465G>A (p.Asp489Asn)

      ClinVar: 92465 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92465/

      gnomAD: European (Finnish) 4.621e-5, Overall 1.195e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78084553-G-A


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    4. 3

      Case3: Male, 30 years onset, 66 years diagnosis, Italy

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes, ERT started at 67, GAA Activity at ~8 pmol/min/mg before ERT and ~10 after

      GroupGenotypingMethod: PCR Amplification and GAA Gene Sequencing


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.1927G>A (p.Gly643Arg)

      ClinVar: 4023 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4023/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 3.667e-5, Overall 2.479e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086713-G-A


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    5. 1

      Case1: Male, 21 years onset, 31 years diagnosis, Italy

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes, ERT started at 31, GAA Activity at ~7.5 pmol/min/mg before ERT and ~8 after

      GroupGenotypingMethod: PCR Amplification and GAA Gene Sequencing


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.1927G>A (p.Gly643Arg)

      ClinVar: 4023 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4023/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 3.667e-5, Overall 2.479e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086713-G-A


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    6. 13

      Case13: Male, 34 years onset, 45 years diagnosis, Italy

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes, ERT started at 45, GAA Activity at ~10 pmol/min/mg before ERT and ~10.5 after

      GroupGenotypingMethod: PCR Amplification and GAA Gene Sequencing


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.525delT (p.Glu176Argfs*45)

      ClinVar: 4033 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4033/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.880e-4, Overall 9.959e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078909-CT-C


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    1. CaseOPOPD-50: Male, Taiwan, Birth diagnosis

      HPOsFreeText: GAA (MS/MS) enzyme activity at 0.68 umol/hr/L

      GenotypingMethod: GAA Gene Sequencing and PCR Amplification


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.1634C>T (p.Pro545Leu)

      ClinVar: 4032 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4032/

      gnomAD: European (Finnish) 1.199e-4, Overall 1.774e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78084822-C-T


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.1726G>A (p.Gly576Ser)

      ClinVar: 92467 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92467/

      gnomAD: East Asian 0.1427, Overall 0.01700 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78085871-G-A


      CaseAddInfo: One Pompe Mutation allele and One Pseudodeficency Mutation allele

    2. CaseLP-5: Male, Taiwan, Birth diagnosis

      HPOsFreeText: 4MU enzyme activity at 1.08, MS/MS ennzyme activity at 0.46

      GenotypingMethod: GAA Gene Sequencing and PCR Amplification


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.752C>T (p.Ser251Leu)

      ClinVar: 325781 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/325781/

      gnomAD: East Asian 2.760e-3, Overall 3.540e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081415-C-T


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.761C>T (p.Ser254Leu)

      ClinVar: 325782 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/325782/

      gnomAD: East Asian 2.759e-3, Overall 1.947e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081424-C-T


      Variant3: NM_000152.4:c.1726G>A (p.Gly576Ser)

      ClinVar: 92467 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92467/

      gnomAD: East Asian 0.1427, Overall 0.01700 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78085871-G-A


      Variant4: NM_000152.4:c.1935C>A (p.Asp645Glu)

      ClinVar: 4029 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4029/

      gnomAD: East Asian 1.729e-3, Overall 1.240e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086721-C-A


      CaseAddInfo: Suspected Late Onset Pompe Disease, Nomenclature indicates Variants 1 and 2 are in cis and Variants 3 and 4 are also in cis

    3. CasePDC-3: Female, Taiwan, Birth diagnosis

      HPOsFreeText: 4MU enzyme activity at 1.26, MS/MS ennzyme activity at 1.21

      GenotypingMethod: GAA Gene Sequencing and PCR Amplification


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.752C>T (p.Ser251Leu)

      ClinVar: 325781 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/325781/

      gnomAD: East Asian 2.760e-3, Overall 3.540e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081415-C-T


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.761C>T (p.Ser254Leu)

      ClinVar: 325782 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/325782/

      gnomAD: East Asian 2.759e-3, Overall 1.947e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081424-C-T


      Variant3: NM_000152.4:c.1726G>A (p.Gly576Ser)

      ClinVar: 92467 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92467/

      gnomAD: East Asian 0.1427, Overall 0.01700 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78085871-G-A


      CaseAddInfo: Patient is either a carrier or has a pseudodeficency allele, Nomenclature indicates that Variants 1 and 2 are in cis, PDC-4 and 5 have the exact same allele combination

    1. LOPD-9

      CaseLOPD-9: 3 weeks diagnosis

      HPOsFreeText: GAA activity 4.1 (nmol · h−1 · mg−1), Mean percentage of normal 5.8%

      GenotypingMethod: Newborn Screening Panels


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.266G>A (p.Arg89His)

      ClinVar: 283219 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/283219/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 1.168e-3, Overall 1.395e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078651-G-A


      Chromosomal code not provided

      Variant2: NP_000143.2:p.E176fsX45

      ClinVar: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A


      CaseAddInfo: Late Onset Pompe Disease

    2. PD/Pathogenic-1

      CasePD/Pathogenic-1: 5 weeks diagnosis

      HPOsFreeText: GAA activity 16.6 (nmol · h−1 · mg−1), Mean percentage of normal 23.2%

      GenotypingMethod: Newborn Screening Panels


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.1726G>A (p.Gly576Ser)

      ClinVar: 92467 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92467/

      gnomAD: East Asian 0.1427, Overall 0.01700 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78085871-G-A


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.2065G>A (p.Glu689Lys)

      ClinVar: 4030 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4030/

      gnomAD: East Asian 0.2355, Overall 0.05524 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78087041-G-A


      Variant3: NM_000152.4:c.752C>T (p.Ser251Leu)

      ClinVar: 325781 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/325781/

      gnomAD: East Asian 2.760e-3, Overall 3.540e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081415-C-T


      Variant4: NM_000152.4:c.761C>T (p.Ser254Leu)

      ClinVar: 325782 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/325782/

      gnomAD: East Asian 2.759e-3, Overall 1.947e-4 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081424-C-T


      CaseAddInfo: Patient has one pseudodeficency allele and one pathogenic allele, Nomenclature claims Variant 1 and 2 are in cis, Nomenclature claims Variant 3 and 4 are in cis

    1. 2

      Patient2: female

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004887, HP:0002194, HP:0001263, HP:0002463, HP:0002870, HP:0011003, HP:0002289

      HPOsFreeText: ERT dosage = 20 mg/kg/2 w, use of BiPAP, could sit independently, HCM reversal, CRIM positive, BiPAP ventilation at night

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000407

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      CaseAddInfo: Symptom onset and diagnosis at 1d, ERT at 3w, required BiPAP at 57mo, ERT lasted for 77mo, currently 6.5yo

      CasePMIDs: 8401535

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1927G>A (p.Gly643Arg)

      ClinVar: 4023, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4023/

      gnomAD: 5.884e-05, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086713-G-A

    1. Detailed characteristics of these patients

      Patient2: female, 16yo, juvenile onset

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: LOPD, BMI = 17.7;20.3;20.3, WGMS = 2;2;2

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002355

      NotHPOsFreeText: did not require respiratory support

      CaseAddInfo:

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant1:NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      Clinvar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: 0.003582, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G

      Variant2: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.307T>G (p.Cys103Gly)

      ClinVar: 92483, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92483/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Detailed characteristics of these patients

      Patient10: male, 18yo, juvenile onset

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: LOPD, BMI = 15.2 / 16.5 / n-a, WGMS = 0 / 0 /n-a

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002355

      NotHPOsFreeText: did not require respiratory support

      CaseAddInfo:

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant1: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      Clinvar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: 0.003582, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G

      Variant2: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.525delT (p.Glu176Argfs)

      ClinVar: 4033, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4033/

      gnomAD: 0.00009959, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078909-CT-C

    1. 22/F

      Patient22: Female

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004887, HP:0011471, HP:0001371

      HPOsFreeText: CRIM positive, tracheostomy, able to sit independently, heart normalization

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002546, HP:0000365

      NotHPOsFreeText: infusion associated reaction

      CaseAddInfo: homozygous variants in trans, symptom onset and diagnosis at 4yo, ERT at 5yo

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1927G>A (p.Gly643Arg)

      ClinVar: 4023, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4023/

      gnomAD: 0.00002479, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086713-G-A

    1. 2

      Case# Patient 2, male

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003236, HP:0003325

      CaseAddInfo: 66 at onset, 72 at diagnosis

      VariantAllele1: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: 0.003582, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G

      VariantAllele2: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.525delT (p.Glu176Argfs)

      ClinVar: 4033

      gnomAD: 7.041e-05, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078909-CT-C

    2. Clinical and laboratory features of the 17 newly diagnosed patients with LOPD

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0003325, HP:0003457, HP:0012548, HP:0004887, HP:0010535, HP:0001712, HP:0031296

      HPOsFreeText: hyperCKaemia+LGMW, BMI, mean (SD) 25.2±5.8, Serum CK, mean (SD) 600±302, vacuolar myopathy, Muscle GAA %, mean (SD) 9.4±3.8, myogenic EMG, abnormal MRI, %Predicted FVC, mean (SD) 73±11, 6MWT, mean (SD) 452±9, vacuolisation of myofibers with variable glycogen storage, AP staining low in 6 individuals, medium in five, and high in 2 individuals. Low residual GAA activity in muscles,

      GroupNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      NumberMales: 8

      NumberFemales: 9

      CountryOrigin: n/a

      AgeRange: mean (SD) 40±14.36

      TotalNumber: 14

      GroupAddInfo: mean age at disease onset was 40±14.3 years, median age at disease diagnosis was 47±14 years. 14 of the individuals underwent enzyme replacement therapy. Blood CK levels increased in all but one individual.

      GroupGenotypingMethod: GAA gene sequencing

      Variant 1: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: 0.003582, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G

      Variant 2: p.P522A, NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1564C>G (p.Pro522Ala)

      ClinVar: 371277, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/371277/

      gnomAD: n/a

    3. 4

      Case# Patient 4, female

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003236, HP:0003325

      CaseAddInfo: 31yo at onset, 40yo at diagnosis

      VariantAllele1: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: 0.003582, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G

      VariantAllele2: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1564C>G (p.Pro522Ala)

      ClinVar: 371277, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/371277/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. c.525delT(p.Glu176Argfs*45)

      Case46

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes


      CasePreviousTesting: Sanger sequencing

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing and PCR Amplification

      CaseMethod2: Whole Exome Sequencing (WES)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Patients were previously confirmed with Pompe disease by Sanger sequencing to capture the pathogenic variants. The process was repeated as part of the study taking care to amplify the coding regions and exon/intron boundaries to compare with the WES results afterwards.


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.525delT (p.Glu176Argfs*45)

      ClinVar: 4033 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4033/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.880e-4, Overall 9.959e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078909-CT-C


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.1655T>C (p.Leu552Pro)

      ClinVar: 279811 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/279811/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 7.053e-5, Overall 3.188e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78085800-T-C


      CaseAddInfo: Infantile Onset Pompe Disease

    2. c.953T > C(p.Met318Thr)

      Case55

      HPOsFreeText: See Group Phenotypes


      CasePreviousTesting: Sanger sequencing

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing and PCR Amplification

      CaseMethod2: Whole Exome Sequencing (WES)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Patients were previously confirmed with Pompe disease by Sanger sequencing to capture the pathogenic variants. The process was repeated as part of the study taking care to amplify the coding regions and exon/intron boundaries to compare with the WES results afterwards.


      Variant1: NM_000152.4:c.953T>C (p.Met318Thr)

      ClinVar: 4021 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4021/

      gnomAD: African 8.608e-5, Overall 4.485e-5 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78081693-T-C


      Variant2: NM_000152.4:c.-32-13T>G

      ClinVar: 4027 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 5.541e-3, Overall 3.401e-3 http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G


      CaseAddInfo: Juvenile Late Onset Pompe Disease

    1. 3.1 Description of the study population

      Patient2: IOPD Group, 10days old

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: LDH = 516 U/L, CK = 385 U/L, ALT = 12 U/L, AST = 73 U/L, Mann-Whitney Test = 2

      CaseNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      CaseAddInfo:

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1935C>A (p.Asp645Glu)

      ClinVar: 4029, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4029/

      gnomAD: 0.0001240, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086721-C-A

    2. 3.1 Description of the study population

      Patient8: IOPD Group, 12days old

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: LDH = 418 U/L, CK = 483 U/L, ALT = 44 U/L, AST = 93 U/L, Mann-Whitney Test = 2

      CaseNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      CaseAddInfo:

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1935C>A (p.Asp645Glu)

      ClinVar: 4029, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4029/

      gnomAD: 0.0001240, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78086721-C-A

    1. For GAA (Pompe disease) screening,

      CaseP5-GAA: female, ethnicity = South Asian, country origin = Nepal

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: enzyme activity = 2.27

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010899, HP:0010916, HP:0003236

      CaseAddInfo: known pseudodeficiency allele (c.1726G>A)

      CasePreviousTesting: initial and confirmatory DBS, biochemical tests

      CaseGenotypingMethod: mutation analyses

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      Clinvar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. PD25

      Patient25: Male, Southern China

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: IOPD

      CaseNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      CaseAddInfo:

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant1: c.971dupC (p.Ser325GlufsX5) no ClinVar or CAID

      Variant2: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1802C>T (p.Ser601Leu)

      ClinVar: 194154, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/194154/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. PD05

      Patient5: Male, northern China

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: IOPD

      CaseNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      CaseAddInfo: homozygous

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.2662G>T (p.Glu888Ter)

      ClinVar: 578595, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/578595/

      gnomAD: 1.65e-05, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78092467-G-T

    1. 16

      Patient16: Female, 37yo at diagnosis and ERT

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      HPOsFreeText: anti rh-GAA antibodies titre = neg, enzyme (μmol/g/h) = 0.18 (3-20), mobility aid required before and after ERT

      CaseNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText: NIV not required

      CaseAddInfo: 21yr disease duration

      CasePMIDs:

      CasePreviousTesting: same as group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: same as group

      Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.-32-13T>G

      Clinvar: 4027, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/4027/

      gnomAD: 0.003582, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-78078341-T-G

    1. a L198V missense mutation in a 32-year-old female affected by a right adrenal compound and mixed tumour constituted by an epinephrine secreting Pheo, a ganglioneuroma and an adrenocortical adenoma

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 32Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history: Father and brother were tested and no VHL mutation was found; Her mother died at the age of 51 years of a lung carcinoma, prior to any genetic testing. Therefore impossible to confirm de novo.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0008256 (pheochromocytoma; adrenocortical adenoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: presented a right adrenal mass at sonography performed for gallbladder’s stones. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) confirmed the presence of a solid hypodense lesion of the right adrenal gland, 3 × 2·5 cm in size

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Ophthalmoscopy as well as brain, thoracic and abdominal Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) did not show any of the typically VHL associated lesions (retinal or CNS angiomas; endolymphatic sac tumours; pancreatic or renal cysts; renal carcinoma; cystoadenoma of the broad ligament).

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHC/ SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: unknown - see CaseProblemVariantFreeText

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: Paper states: p.L198V (c.594C>G). The base at cDNA position 561 is actually a ‘G’. Could be c.592C>G as this gives a p.L198V change, however cannot justify this assumption with the evidence given, and authors were not able to confirm.

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant

      CivicName: None

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. III1(Ca001)−−−−−Female0

      PatientID: III1(Ca001)

      KindredID: C

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The patient’s grandfather (I-2) presented with hemangioblastoma and possessed the same exon 2 deletion. The patient’s mother also possessed the deletion and had hemangioblastoma. Mother’s sister (II-3) had retinoblastoma, pancreatic cyst and pheochromocytoma, while the mother’s other sibling (II-5) had hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst, and clear cell renal carcinoma. The patient’s 2 cousins each possessed the same deletion, but did not exhibit phenotypes (Please see Figure 1. Family C matches with Pedigree B).

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0006770; HP:0001737; HP:0002666; HP:0009919 (Hemangioblastoma; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; pancreatic cysts; pheochromocytoma, retinoblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Patient did not present with any symptoms.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 2 Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: large fragment deletion in exon 2

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as GRCh37 chr3:10188300ATATCACACTGCCA>T in paper

      MutationType: minus_2_frameshift_variant; deletion

      CivicName: Exon 2 (deletion)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 48

      Case: M, 25Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: A total of 190 patients recruited by the COMETE network over 15 years were included in the study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had one benign pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Patient information was extracted from Table 1 of Supplementary.

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500 G >A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. variants of VHL in 18 probands

      PatientID: 9

      KindredID: 8

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family information provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma (table 2).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.TF136C (c.407G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496065, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496065/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant, transversion

      CivicName: F136C (c.407T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. S65W (22, 23) 2 

      GroupID: None

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales:N/A

      GroupNumberFemales:N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: ≥12

      GroupInfo: The two patients were grouped by mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0001732 (abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs:N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W(c.194C>G)

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID:43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID:N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType:missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W(c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. his two brothers (32 and 36 years),

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 36Y0M, Danish

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The patient's half brothers both carried the mutation, one was asymptomatic and one had renal cell carcinoma. The patient's mother was found to carry the mutation and had breast cancer. The maternal grandmother also harboured the mutation but was asymptomatic. See Figure 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P81S (c.241C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2233 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2233/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0002179 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183772-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName:P81S (c.241C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. proband’s mother (52 years)

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 52Y0M, Danish

      DiseaseAssertion: Breast carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: The patient had three sons all of whom carried the VHL mutation. Two of the sons were asymptomatic and one had renal cell carcinoma. The affected son also had a P2P mutation and he had a child who was found to have the VHL mutation (P2P). The patient's mother had the mutation but was also asymptomatic. See Figure 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003002 (Breast carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had breast cancer at age 34.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P81S (c.241C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2233 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2233/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0002179 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183772-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName:P81S (c.241C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Over time, DNA sequencing from blood of consenting family members condirmed the presence of a VHL variant in seven family members (three generations, all from maternal side) (Fig. 1).

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: DNA sequencing

      SamplingMethod: blood

    1. PatientID: 19

      KindredID: 9

      Case: F, 13Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No relevant family history.

      CohortInfo: This retrospective study was conducted at Department of Endocrinology of a tertiary care health centre in Western India. Patients presented to our institute between 2008 and 2016 were included in the study. During the study period a total of 33 patients were suspected to have VHL syndrome based on clinical features among whom 31 patients were found to have mutation in VHL gene. All patients are of Asian Indian descent.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Bilateral pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0005584; HP:0030405; HP:0002668 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor, Paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 10

      KindredID: 4

      Case: F, 40Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 2 other members of this family presented with the same variant. Patient 9 (Gen 2) and bilateral pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma and PNET. Another member of the family (relation unclear) presented with the same variant and bilateral pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma, retinal angioma, neural hemangioblastomas and PNET.

      CohortInfo: This retrospective study was conducted at Department of Endocrinology of a tertiary care health centre in Western India. Patients presented to our institute between 2008 and 2016 were included in the study. During the study period a total of 33 patients were suspected to have VHL syndrome based on clinical features among whom 31 patients were found to have mutation in VHL gene. All patients are of Asian Indian descent.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405 (Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unilateral pheochromocytoma. Cause of death: metastatic PNET.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0005584; HP:0002668 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cell carcinoma, Paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98S (c.293A>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 219160, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/219160/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: Y98S (c.293A>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Mutation screening by direct sequencing Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using Gentra Pure Gene DNA Isolation Kits (Gentra Systems, Inc. Minneapolis, MN). All exons of succinate dehydrogenase complex B (SDHB), SDHD, and VHL, and exons 10, 11, and 13–16 of the RET gene were examined by direct sequencing. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed using primers designed to flank the splice junctions of target exons. Amplified products were sequenced on an ABI 3730 analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), using Bigdye Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kits. Sequences were analyzed using seqscape software (Applied Biosystems) and Mutation Surveyor (Softgenetics, State College, PA). Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification To screen for potentially large deletions or duplications, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was carried out using the SALSA P016-C2 VHL Kit (MRC Holland, Amsterdam, Holland) for VHL, SALSA P169-C1 HIRSCHSPRUNG-1 Kit for RET, and P226-C1 SDH Kit (MRC Holland) for SDHB and SDHD. PCR products were analyzed on an ABI 3100 analyzer using Genemarker v1.51 (Softgenetics). Peak heights were normalized, and a deletion or duplication was suspected when a normalized peak ratio was under 0.75 or above 1.30.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: All exon of the VHL gene were examined by direct sequencing. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed using primers designed to flank the splice junctions of target exons. Also, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was carried out using the SALSA P016-C2 VHL Kit (MRC Holland, Amsterdam, Holland) for VHL

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    2. Case 3 VHL 16 Female PHEO 2.5 None None Recurred NE/NM Exon 1 c.242C>T p.Pro81Leu Missense

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, 16Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: No family history of PPGLs

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: recurrent PPGL - initially removed at 2.5cm; no metastases; increased NE/NM hormone levels

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P81L (c.242C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 36899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36899/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000004349 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183773-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P81L (c.242C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Genomic DNA was extracted from 10 ml of peripheral blood using phenol-chloroform by standard procedures after separation of mononuclear cells and stored at 4°C. The three exons of the VHL gene were amplified by PCR in a total volume of 25 μl containing 50 ng of template DNA, 1 × PCR buffer (20 mmol/l Tris-HCl, 50 mmol/l KCl), 200 μmol/l each dNTP (Promega, USA), 1.5 mmol/l MgCl2, 0.25 units of Taq DNA polymerase (Gibco-BRL Life Technologies, USA), and 0.5 μmol/l each primer set. Primers used for the amplification of the coding region of the VHL gene were: 1F 5‘ CCATCCTCTACCGAGCGCGCG 3‘ and 1R 5‘ GGGCTTCAGACCGTGCTATCG 3‘ for exon 1, yielding a fragment of 522 bp; 2F 5‘ TGCCCAGCCACCGGTGTG 3‘ and 2R 5‘ GTCTATCCTGTACTTACCACAACA 3‘ for exon 2, 232 bp; and 3F 5‘ CACACTGCCACATACATGCACTC 3‘ and 3R 5‘ ACTCATCAGTACCATCAAAAGCTG 3‘ for exon 3, 383 bp. Reactions were incubated at 95°C for five minutes and amplified for 35 cycles of 95°C for one minute, 58°C for one minute (exons 2 and 3), or 68°C (exon 1) for one minute, and 72°C for one minute, with a final extension cycle of 72°C for five minutes. PCR products were sequenced in both strands with Big Dye terminators (Applied Biosystems) and sequences were collected and analysed on an ABI Prism 377 (Applied Biosystems). The same PCR primers were used in the sequencing reactions, with the exception of exon 3, which was sequenced in the sense direction with an internal primer 3I 5‘ CGTTCCTTGTACTGAGACCCT 3‘.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: The three exons of the VHL gene were amplified by PCR. PCR products were sequenced in both strands with Big Dye terminators (Applied Biosystems) and sequences were collected and analysed on an ABI Prism 377 (Applied Biosystems). The same PCR primers were used in the sequencing reactions, with the exception of exon 3, which was sequenced in the sense direction with an internal primer 3I 5‘ CGTTCCTTGTACTGAGACCCT 3‘. Germline rearrangements involving part or the entire VHL gene were detected by quantitative Southern blotting using g7 cDNA11 and a β globin probe.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    1. A deletion of exon 3 in the VHL gene was found in this family.

      PatientID: III-5

      KindredID: Family A

      Case: F, 32Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s grandfather (I-1), now deceased, and aunt (II-1) had CNS/spinal hemangioblastoma and the confirmed VHL gene mutation. Her mom II-2 had confirmed VHL and CNS hemangioblastoma; and her cousin (III-6) has renal cell carcinoma and CNS/spinal hemangioblastoma and also the confirmed VHL gene mutation. Her uncle (II-3) has confirmed VHL gene and pancreatic and renal cysts. Her brother and sister (III-3; III-4) both were found with the confirmed VHL gene mutation; III-3 with retinal hemangioblastoma and CNS/spinal hemangioblastomas and III-4 with pancreatic and ovarian cysts. IV-1 and IV-3, were confirmed with the VHL gene mutation although no other manifestations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: developed hemangioblastoma at the optic nerve in her left eye at the age of 16. At the age of 30, patient A III-5 underwent surgery for a CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Deletion of exon 3 (c.464-?_642+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 3 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 453FemaleIIYesAGLOH (A)AGND*

      PatientID: 4

      KindredID: 4

      Case: F, 53Y0M, Taiwanese (East-Asian)

      DiseaseAssertion: renal cell carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: 7 of 19 patients presenting with clear cell renal cell carcinoma were found to be heterozygous for the germline variant rs779805 (c.-195G>A) in VHL. All of these patients also presented with the germline variant rs1642742 in VHL (c.*294G>A).

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: She had stage II clear cell renal cell carcinoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 21982469

      SupplementalData: Yes - Additional file 1: Figure S1

      Variant: c.-195G>A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 342397 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/342397

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.5796 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183337-G-A

      VariantEvidence: RFLP analysis was used to screen for the allele genotype by BsaJ I digestion methods. Heterozygous for both, she also presented with the germline variant c.*294G>A in VHL. LOH (A) of this mutation was found in the tumor tissue as well

      MutationType: 5_prime_UTR_variant

      CivicName: c.-195G>A AND c.*294G>A

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.*294G>A

    2. 350MaleIYesAGLOH (G)AGLOH (G)

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, 50Y0M, Taiwanese (East-Asian)

      DiseaseAssertion: renal cell carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: 8 of 19 patients presenting with clear cell renal cell carcinoma were found to be heterozygous for the germline variant rs1642742 in VHL (c.*294G>A). All but one of these patients (7/8) also presented with the germline variant rs779805 (c.-195G>A) in VHL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: He had stage I clear cell renal cell carcinoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 21982469

      SupplementalData: Yes - Additional file 1: Figure S1

      Variant: c.*294G>A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 342407 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/342407/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.5911 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191943-G-A

      VariantEvidence: Heterozygous for both, he also presented with the germline variant c.-195G>A in VHL. LOH (G) of both mutations was found in the tumor tissue as well

      MutationType: 3_prime_UTR_variant

      CivicName: c.-195G>A AND c.*294G>A

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.-195G>A

    1. In 1994, a 34-yr-old woman without personal and familial history for VHL was referred to the hospital because of persistent pharyngeal discomfort. MRI demonstrated a 4-cm tumor in the parapharyngeal space suggestive of a schwannoma or a carotid paraganglioma. The tumor was removed, and histology revealed a paraganglioma. Postoperatively, she had Horner’s syndrome and a transitory hypoglossal paresis. At age 46, bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma and a paraaortic paraganglioma were removed. Later, her niece was diagnosed with a pheochromocytoma, and her brother suffered from pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, and retinal hemangioblastomas. The proband’s mother was then found to have pheochromocytoma. Molecular analysis identified the VHL mutation p.Tyr98His.

      PatientID: 10

      KindredID: 10

      Case: F, 46Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's niece was diagnosed with a pheochromocytoma, her brother suffered from pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, and retinal hemangioblastomas, and her mother was found to have pheochromocytoma.

      CohortInfo: An international consortium registered patients with head and neck paragangliomas with VHL or RET gene mutations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002864, HP:0002277, HP:0006748 (Paraganglioma of head and neck, Horner syndrome, adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At age 34 the patient was found to have a 4-cm tumor in the parapharyngeal space. It was histologically confirmed to be a paraganglioma. Postoperatively, she had Horner’s syndrome and a transitory hypoglossal paresis. At age 46, bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma and a paraaortic paraganglioma were removed.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. VHL p.Val166Phe

      Twelve patients with hereditary non-SDHx head and neck paragangliomas were analyzed. Eleven of the 12 patients were found to carry germline mutations in the VHL gene. Blood was used for molecular genetic analyses and the NM_000551.2 reference sequence was used. The paper includes 3 additional VHL patients: case 22, 23, 27. Case 22 is a male who was found to harbour the p.V166F (c.496G>T) mutation of the VHL gene. He presented with a head/neck paraganglioma, as well as pheochromocytoma and CNS hemangioblastoma. Negative family history was described.

    1. c.208G > A1 (1%)120HBr

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, 20Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: All VHL mutation carriers of 18 years or older who underwent surveillance according to Dutch VHL guidelines between 1972 and 2012 in the VHL expertise centers University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG) and University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) were included. Patients with VHL-disease subtype 2C (pheochromocytoma only) were excluded.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 24132471

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.E70K (c.208G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43598, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43598/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000004365, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183739-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: E70K (c.208G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.341-6C > T (intron 1)

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 5

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: dilatation of the cerebral artery

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004944 (dilatation of the cerebral artery)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had an intracranial aneurysm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.341-6C>T

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 371898 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/371898/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00008132 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10188192-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (341-6C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The long clinical history of a 45-year-old woman started at 22 years of age when she had surgery for a right adrenal pheochromocytoma. Two years later, a pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed to remove a pancreatic mass which turned out to be a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. After a long period of relative wellness, 21 years after the surgical resection of her primary pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, abdominal lymph node metastases of pancreatic neuroendocrine origin occurred. In fact, three abdominal nodules were removed by laparoscopic surgery, and the histological examination showed well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors with similar immunohistochemical characteristics and Ki67 below 1%.

      PatientID: N/A (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 45Y0M, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Genetic analysis was performed on the patients relatives, including her daughter. Her 55Y0M brother had the same mutation but no clinical signs of VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0030405 (adrenal pheochromocytoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 22Y0M, she had surgery for a right adrenal pheochromocytoma. Two years later, a pancreatic oduodenectomy was performed to remove a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. 21 years later, abdominal lymph node metastases of the pancreatic neuroendocrine that was removed 21 years prior had occurred. Three abdominal nodules that were found to be neuroendocrine tumours immunohistochemical characteristics were removed. The patient’s clinical history suggested a hereditary endocrine syndrome.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.T157I (c.470C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223223, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense variant; transition

      CivicName: T157I (c.470C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. This case concerns a 35-year-old woman referred to our Gastroenterology Department with long-standing dyspepsia and pancreatic cysts detected by ultrasound examination. There were no other symptoms, such as abdominal pain, weight loss, visual or hearing changes, headache or urinary complaints. The past medical and family histories were not of significance. There were no abnormal findings on examination.The patient underwent an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan (Figure ​(Figure1),1), which showed an enlargement of the pancreas, especially in the cephalic region, with heterogeneous density due to the presence of multiple hypodense nodules dispersed throughout the parenchyma. The majority of these lesions were small, but one larger contrast-enhancing lesion of 22 mm was present in the uncinate process.Open in a separate windowFigure 1Computed tomography abdominal scan. A: Small cystic lesions dispersed throughout the pancreas; B: The largest lesion.Given the findings of the CT scan, we performed an abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Figure ​(Figure2),2), which revealed several cysts that had a high signal intensity on T2 weighted images.Open in a separate windowFigure 2Magnetic resonance imaging. Cyst lesions are bright on T2-weighted images.The patient underwent endosonography that confirmed the presence of multiple simple cysts throughout the entirety of the pancreas. The majority of the cysts were less than 1 cm in diameter, but two cysts were larger than 1 cm. One of the larger cysts was 16 mm in diameter and was located at the isthmus-body transition. This cyst and did not communicate with the main pancreatic duct and was aspirated. The content had a serous appearance, and cytological analysis revealed amorphous material, few erythrocytes and inflammatory cells (Figure ​(Figure33).Open in a separate windowFigure 3Endosonography. A, B show a large cyst of 16 mm in diameter without communication or dilatation of the pancreatic duct; C: Demonstrates aspiration of the cyst; D: Demonstrates its appearance after total aspiration.The largest cyst was 23 mm in diameter and was located in the head of the pancreas. The cyst had a honeycomb appearance characteristic of serous cystadenomas (Figure ​(Figure4A).4A). The cytology did not show evidence of cellular atypia (Figure ​(Figure4B).4B). The carninoembryonic antigen was < 0.6 ng/dL, and the amylase in the cystic content was 135 U/L.Open in a separate windowFigure 4The largest cyst was 23 mm in diameter and was located in the head of the pancreas. A: Endosonography. Cyst with a honeycomb appearance; B: Cytology (papanicolaou stain, × 100). Benign pancreatic cysts.The endosonography also showed cysts in the left kidney and in the spleen (Figure ​(Figure5).5). The findings described were compatible with simple cysts and pancreatic serous cystadenomas and provided an indication for genetic testing for VHL. The sequencing of the VHL gene revealed one pathogenic heterozygous mutation in exon 1 (c.269A > T), confirming the diagnosis of VHL disease.Open in a separate windowFigure 5Endosonography. A: A cyst in the renal cortex; B: A cyst in the spleen.The patient underwent a MRI of the brain and entire spine and no hemangioblastomas were detected. The abdominal MRI scan excluded renal carcinoma. The plasma and urinary catecholamines and the urinary vanilmandelic acid were normal, excluding pheocromocytoma. The patient was also referred for examination of the retina and ear, nose and throat, including audiometry. There were no abnormal findings, which excluded angiomas of the retina and endolymphatic sac tumors, respectively.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 35Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Her family was genetically tested, and the same mutation was found in her 7 year-old daughter. Assumed de novo.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0410281; HP:0001737; HP:0005562; HP:0030423 (Dyspepsia, Pancreatic cysts, Multiple renal cysts, Splenic cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Admitted with long-standing dyspepsia and pancreatic cysts detected by ultrasound examination. There were no other symptoms, such as abdominal pain, weight loss, visual or hearing changes, headache or urinary complaints. The past medical and family histories were not of significance. There were no abnormal findings on examination.CT scan showed an enlargement of the pancreas, especially in the cephalic region, with heterogeneous density due to the presence of multiple hypodense nodules dispersed throughout the parenchyma. Abdominal MRI revealed several cysts. Endosonography that confirmed the presence of multiple simple cysts throughout the entirety of the pancreas as well as cysts in the left kidney and in the spleen. The findings described were compatible with simple cysts and pancreatic serous cystadenomas.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0009711; HP:0009713; HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0030393 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: MRI of the brain and entire spine and no hemangioblastomas were detected. Abdominal MRI scan excluded renal carcinoma.The plasma and urinary catecholamines and the urinary vanilmandelic acid were normal, excluding pheochromocytoma. Examination of the retina and ear, nose and throat, including audiometry excluded angiomas of the retina and endolymphatic sac tumors, respectively.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N90I (c.269A>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223172, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223172/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: N90I (c.269A>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL-14c.463 + 1G > ASplicing mutation[4]noA2+–+–+Ovarian

      PatientID: VHL-14

      KindredID: 14

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CohortInfo: Forty-three index cases were referred to the Service of Medical Genetics, Genova, for germline mutation analysis in the VHL gene between 1995 and 2008.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0001737, HP:0009711, HP:0000138 (hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts, retinal capillary hemangioma, ovarian cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584, HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma )

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+1G>A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 526679 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/526679/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: c.463+1G>A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. VHL-23c.341 − ?_642 + ?Del ex2 + 3[11]noA2+–+––Renal

      PatientID: VHL-23

      KindredID: 23

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history of VHL.

      CohortInfo: Forty-three index cases were referred to the Service of Medical Genetics, Genova, for germline mutation analysis in the VHL gene between 1995 and 2008.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cyst, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma and clinical classification: A2.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 2-3 Deletion (c.341-?_642+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Null (c.341-?_642+?del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL1c.242C>Tp.Pro81Leu1RCB c

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: paraganglioma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002668 (paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Paraganglioma of the head and neck region (HNPGL): Right carotid body; nonsecreting paraganglioma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: MAX, SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, SDHAF2, TMEM127

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P81L (c.242C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 36899 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36899

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000004349 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183773-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P81L (c.242C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. A previously healthy 10-year-old girl presented with occasional routine blood pressure measurements by her pediatrician above the 99th percentile for her age, sex, and height. She had noted mild hand edema over the previous days and reported recent nocturia. She was taking no medications. Family history was unremarkable. The physical examination was without significant findings other than an elevated blood pressure of 139/113 mm Hg. Urine tests showed boderline moderate albuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio of 50 mg/g). There was no hematuria.On ultrasound, kidney size and parenchyma were unremarkable but an increased flow rate of the left renal artery in color duplex sonography was detected (systolic flow rate: right, 100 cm/s; left, 300 cm/s [age-adjusted normal values range from 72 to 104 cm/s]) (Fig 1A and B). No additional finding was reported. Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography of the kidney vessels was performed (Fig 2A) and antihypertensive therapy was initiated.

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 10Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history, authors indicate that the variant occurred de novo.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007514; HP:0000017; HP:0004421; HP:0012594; HP:0002666; HP:0001920 (Edema of the dorsum of hands; Nocturia; Elevated systolic blood pressure; Moderate albuminuria; Pheochromocytoma; Renal artery stenosis)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with occasional high routine blood pressure at 10Y0M. She noted mild hand edema over the past days and reported recent nocturia. Physical examination appeared normal other than elevated blood pressure of 139/113 mm Hg. Urine tests showed moderate albuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio of 50 mg/g), as well as high levels of noradrenaline and normetanephrine, suggestive of benign pheochromocytoma. Ultrasound showed normal kidney size and parenchyma, but color duplex sonography revealed increased flow rate of the left renal artery. This finding suggests renal artery stenosis. Magnetic Resonance Angiography of the kidney vessels showed a solid tumor that had cystic features. Tumor resection normalized blood pressure and pathologic examination of the removed tumor confirmed pheochromocytoma. Patient was diagnosed with secondary hypertension due to compression of renal vessels and catecholamine production by vHL-associated pheochromocytoma. Antihypertensive therapy with phenoxybenzamine as α blockade was initiated, along with subsequent expansion of the therapy with a β-blocker. Authors mention that the patient is in complete remission with no other manifestations of VHL disease and is receiving close follow-up.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G104V (c.311G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223183, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation//223183/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: G104V (c.311G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. simultaneously analysed with his daughter's DNA who had a heterozygous p.(R161*) VHL mutation.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 8

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: Her father harboured the same VHL mutation and presented with bilateral renal cell carcinoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had bilateral renal cell carcinoma at age 48.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: She had a heterozygous p.R161* mutation.

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Case presentationA 35-year-old woman with VHL underwent total pancreatectomy and right nephrectomy for pancreatic SCN and renal cell carcinoma, respectively. At the 4th year follow-up examination after the resection, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed arterially hyper-enhanced neoplastic lesions in the segment VI and VIII of the liver. Partial resections of the liver were performed 53 months after the initial surgery. At the 6th month follow-up examination from the second surgery, one and two tumors located in the liver segment III, and VIII, respectively, were detected by contrast-enhanced CT and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. Anterior segmentectomy and partial resection of the segment III were performed 66 months after the initial surgery and 13 months after the second, respectively. The tumors were pathologically diagnosed as liver metastases of pancreatic SCN synonymous with serous cystadenocarcinoma. She remains disease-free without recurrence 6.5 years after the last operation.

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 47Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0002894; HP:0005584 (Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma; neoplasm of the pancreas; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 35-year old, the female patient was diagnosed with VHL due to clinical presentation of pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm and renal cell carcinoma, and cerebellar hemangioblastomas that were surgically removed at age 21. The patient had underwent total pancreatectomy and right nephrectomy for pancreatic serous cystic neoplasm (SCN) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), respectively. 4 years later, tumors in the liver were detected by CT scan and radiographically diagnosed as metasta-ses of the pancreatic SCN or RCC. Again, morphology and immunohistochemical findings of the resected tumors again were similar to the primary pancreatic SCN, thus diagnosed as multiple metachronous liver metastases of pancreatic SCN. As of 47Y, the patient has remained disease-free without any recurrence after the third operation.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 21673464

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78I (c.233A>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223169 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223169/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78I (c.233A>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. not only showed loss of the open-reading frame, but more extended deletions by using c11 and P1 demonstrating complete loss of the VHL gene sequence (>35 kb, but <90 kb)

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: deletion (deletion on chromosome 3 (>35kb, <90kb) resulting in complete loss of VHL gene)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: germline deletion on chromosome 3 (>35kb, <90kb) resulting in complete loss of VHL gene. Hemangioblastoma from this patient shows a missense mutation R200W(c.598C>T) in the second copy of VHL gene.

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Deletion AND R200W (c.598C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Somatic, VHL, c.598C>T (p.Arg200Trp)

    1. PatientsThe Chinese family study included five-generations comprising of 38 living family members, of whom nine were affected [Figure 1]. All living members were examined clinically. The clinical and radiographic images were published with the consent of the patient. The study was approved by the research Ethics Committees of Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Written informed consents were obtained from all participants.Open in a separate windowFigure 1Haplotypes of the Chinese family affected by Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL). The open and filled blackened symbols indicated unaffected and affected individuals, respectively. The squares and circles symbolized the males and females, respectively. The proband, IV-3, was indicated by an arrow. The haplotyping was conducted using three polymorphic microsatellite markers. The marker order was determined from the Marshfield map and the UCSC Human Genome database (February 2009). The dark boxes symbolized haplotypes that cosegregated with the affected individuals and suggested linkage of VHL to disease in this family. The boxes with slash symbolized the dead family members.

      PatientID: III:1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown (deceased), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: A 5-generation family with VHL in 15 members. Both second generation children (presumed), 5 third generation, and 8 further generation individuals were affected and haplotyping was conducted using three polymorphic microsatellite markers. All of the 5th generation children (9 total at time of publication) had been sequenced and haplotyped as unaffected.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: unknown phenotype, however they were said to be affected

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: Death before genetic diagnostic, however presumed by authors due to extensive family history (See pedigree).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1HbCb age 18, Hbs age 19,Hbs age 31Renal cysts 

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 31Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Mother with the same variant and presented with breast cancer at age 46 and cerebellar hemangioblastoma and renal cell carcinoma both at age 54. Maternal grandfather (id: 3) presented with cerebellar hemangioblastoma at age 65. Maternal great-uncle (id: 4) presented with prostate cancer at age 65. Maternal great-grandfather (id: 5) presented with cerebellar hemangioblastomas at age 69. Maternal grandmother and sister did not have the mutation. His maternal grandfather was not tested. No family history of retinal capillary hemangiomas or pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0009713; HP:0005562 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Spinal hemangioblastoma, Multiple renal cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Figure 1 (pedigree) and Table 1 (phenotype and age of onset data).

      Variant: Exon 1 Deletion (c.1-?_340+?del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 1 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, FANCD2, Partial Deletion

    1. Twelve (75%) of 16 gene carriers were found to have ocular hemangioblastomas(Figure 1 and Figure 2), and 7 of these had bilateral disease (Table 1). The mean number of angiomas was 3.3. However, 1 individual had 22 angiomas, most of which were in an area of previous exudative retinal detachment (see the "Comment" section) (Table 2). Exclusion of this individual resulted in a mean number of angiomas of 2.1. Six eyes had optic disc angiomas (Figure 2). Six of the 19 eyes with ocular hemangioblastomas had visual acuity less than 20/40. Two patients had no light perception in one or both eyes. The average age at diagnosis of ocular angiomatosis was 37 years.

      Family history of several kindreds in Iowa have been linked together as one pedigree originating from a common ancestor who immigrated to Iowa from Baden-Baden Germany in 1832. SSCP analysis disclosed 16 family members with same mutation (legacy notation c.505T>C converted to NM_000551.3 c.292T>C). This mutation is identical to other families who trace their lineage to the Black Forest region of Germany (Brauch et al., 1995). None of the members had renal cell carcinoma. Patient #1: pheochromocytoma (11 years old) ; b/l retinal angioma (11 years old), diagnosed at 22 years. Patient #2: diagnosed at 24 years with the mutation. Patient #3: diagnosed at 39 years with the mutation. Patient #4: b/l pheochromocytoma (24 years) ; b/l retinal angioma (19 years) ; CNS hemangioblastoma (29 years); diagnosed 34 years. Patient #5: b/l pheochromocytoma (20 years); b/l retinal angioma (20 years); diagnosed at 35 years. Patient #6: pheochromocytoma (49 years); retinal angioma (49 years); diagnosed at 60 years. Patient #7: retinal angioma (41 years); diagnosed 42 years. Patient #8: retinal angioma (58 years); diagnosed 59 years. Patient #9: pheochromocytoma (29 years); b/l retinal angioma (29 years); diagnosed 30 years. Patient #10: pheochromocytoma (13 years); diagnosed at 23 years. Patient #11: pheochromocytoma (45 years); retinal angioma (45 years); diagnosed 50 years. Patient #12: pheochromocytoma (9 years); b/l retinal angioma (37 years); diagnosed at 38 years. Patient #13: pheochromocytoma (69 years); retinal angioma (54 years); CNS hemangioblastoma (29 years); diagnosed 70 years. Patient #14: b/l retinal angioma (56 years); CNS hemangioblastoma (56 years); diagnosed 59 years. _atient #15; b/l pheochromocytoma (23 years); diagnosed at 29 years. Patient #16: b/l pheochromocytoma (53 years) ; b/l retinal angioma (20 years); hemangioblastoma (46 years); diagnosed at 62 years.