With regards to people, Health 4.0 is perhaps offering a disruptive solution to the current system. Health 4.0 looks to re-align healthcare stakeholders to make the patient more central to the system. Regarding technology, three areas are most relevant to Health 4.0; m-health, the internet of medical things (IoMT) and big data. m-health offers greater interconnectivity and a stronger relationship between patients and healthcare professionals and patients and their own understanding of their health. IoMT broadly defines the new ways information on health can be collected and healthcare procedures can be conducted. Devices such as embedded sensors and phenomena such as augmented reality are becoming significantly more integrated into healthcare services. Big data is also fundamental to these technological changes in healthcare with faster and more accurate diagnoses being enabled by greater access and availability of data. The third“pillar of Health 4.0”, design, refers to the ways in which these new systems are being designed. These design approaches are also new to healthcare, with cutting-edge solutions requiring cutting-edge design approaches. Approaches such as user-centred design and the use of design thinking and human factor principles are now vital to the development of Health 4.0 technologies.

The question is therefore whether current stakeholders have the capacity, in an already high-pressure environment, to adapt quickly enough to limit the damage of this monumental change to the healthcare system.

design thinking facilitates the intersection of understanding patients through human-centered design techniques to enhance patients’engagemen

m-health offers predominantly interconnectivity between patients and healthcare professionals while IoT devices offer the ability to collect information and perform procedures with increasingly minimal invasion. Finally, big data gives healthcare professionals an opportunity to spot trends and patterns for both individual patients and groups of patients, improving the speed of diagnosis and disease prevention. In the next section the third and final pillar of Health 4.0; design, is discussed

n healthcare, this link is more specifically described as the link“between wearables, sensors and smart pharmaceuticals to manage diseases”

By analogy with Industry 4.0,which covers the empowerment of change from manufacturer to service provider in order to increase personalisation for client

Health 4.0; improved service and improved interconnectivity will be explored with respect to the three“pillars” of Health 4.0; people, technology and design

“a strategic concept for the health domain derived from the Industry 4.0 concept.”

three“pillars” of Health 4.0; people, technology and design.