The desired outcome ought to be determined by taking patient desires and preferences into account.

orry, orthopedic surgeons; it’s just a hypothetical example …

I am on a life-long search for a handful of good measures that would prove to be predictive of everything else that matters; I am not convinced that these take us too far down the path in that direction.

What other measures like these should we be considering?

This, shall we say, inflamed Casey’s ire, as an engaged patient and patient activist. She noted that in many cases a patient with a chronic condition is in fact more expert in her condition — and certainly in the ins and outs of what works or doesn’t work for them in managing her condition — than a clinician new to the case. There is an oft-cited statistic that it takes 17 years for new medical science to filter from journal article to accepted everyday practice. Nobody wants to wait that long for her health care to catch up with the state of the art. An engaged patient is more likely to do the research, do the legwork, and surface ideas directly relevant to her case. Some clinicians, of course, are open to the notion that they can “Let Patients Help.”

Since patients do not have the medical expertise to judge the quality of physicians’ decisions in the short run and are neither capable of evaluating the outcomes of such decisions in the long run, their feedback would be limited to their immediate interaction with medical providers and their staff members.

Going with one’s gut is perhaps an imperfect approach, though for many of us it often seems to be the best we can manage.

With all due respect to the author, since both the reviews and the CAHPS surveys are largely based on patient experience — and not clinical quality process or outcome measures — the correlation does not seem to undercut Niam’s point. It does not address directly the broader question of whether a patient can be an expert on his or her own condition.

chronic condition

Galton was also probably the first to use a technique that we now know as a scatterplot.

Playfair is credited with introducing four fundamental techniques: bar chart and line graph (1786), and pie chart and circle graph (1801

Only in the mid- dle of the 19 th century, the meaning of “statistics” changes – it becomes a name for an independent discipline concerned with producing summaries and reasoning about any collections of numbers, as op- posed to only number s important for the states and industry.

controlling its human subjects

panopticon

Secondly, the features are encoded in such a way that we calculate on them .

In this way, analog media is turned into discrete data.

Before we can use computers to analyze a phenomena or activity, it has to be represented as a finite set of individual objects and also a finite set of their features. F

That is, a phenom- enon is constituted by its representations and the conversations about it.

In natural and social sciences, the most common term is “variable,” an d it is used in the context of experiments. But since in hu- manities we do not do systematic exper- iments like in the sciences, for us the term “features” is better

In humanities, we usually refer to characteristics that are already availa- ble as part of the data (because somebody already recorded them) and characteris- tics we have added (for example, by tag- ging) as metadata.

Like other approaches that work on data such as classical statistics and data visualization, data science starts with representing some phenomenon or a process in a particular way. This repre- sentation may include numbers, catego- ries, digitized texts, images, audio, spatial locations, or conne ctions between ele- ments (i.e., network relations). Only after such a representation is constructed, we can use computers to work on it.

lthough the term "data science" is quite recent, it is quite useful as it acts as an umbrella for currently most fre- quently used methods of computational data analysis

Joining in the daylong hoopla were the two children of the American astronomer who discovered Pluto in 1930, Clyde Tombaugh. (Some of his ashes are aboard the spacecraft.)

Pluto is just two-thirds the size of Earth's moon.

The picture of Pluto taken on Monday showed a frozen, pockmarked world, peach-colored with a heart-shaped bright spot and darker areas around the equator. It drew oohs and aahs.

pAbmAbs

It is clear from the use of ES2 and RMG-II cell lines that the Atlas Antibodies ARID1A antibody is specific for ARID1A in both Western blots and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded preparations of human origin and, coupled with the literature evidence, that it is validated in human tissue.

A No Primary antibody control (NPA) showed no staining in the epithelial or nuclear compartment (Figure 3B; Dataset e).

There was no cytoplasmic or extracellular stromal background staining present and the antibody titrated successfully losing the intensity of staining, as expected

Control slides, omitting the primary antibody, were negative except for the ER2 condition in the RMG-II cell pellet where a weak cytoplasmic background could be seen (Figure 2; Dataset d). Thus there was minimal background inherent in the staining procedure. It was therefore determined that the antibody showed specificity for formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues and could be run on murine tissue.

Using Western blot and IHC on murine wild-type and knockout tissue we have demonstrated that this antibody to ARID1A correctly stains murine tissue by immunohistochemistry.

It could be demonstrated that the HPA ARID1A antibody showed positive expression in ES-2 cell lines at the expected size of 270 kDa and no staining for RMG-II.

anti-MLH1 (550838, clone G168-15, dilution 1:50; BD Pharmingen, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA

goat polyclonal anti-actin (sc-1616

The IOM has recommended embargoes of up to 18 months from study completion before clinical trialists are required to share data, although this has been criticised for being too long

Indeed, we need real data with which to develop more robust links between non-public datasets and journal articles. We strongly encourage others to contact the editors ( scientificdata@nature.com ), to discuss proposals.

The consensus of regulators, industry sponsors and funders of clinical trials is for data access to be granted to suitably qualified researchers with a legitimate reanalysis proposal.

They should also state if the data are subject to a DUA and where the DUA can be found – ideally, . CC-BY 4.0 International license for this preprint is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder ; http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/021667 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online June 30, 2015; this should be hosted permanently with the landing page of the non - public dataset.

figshare were represented in our working group

SDR and the YODA Project

Moreover, few repositories provide statistical analysis software (SAS/ R/ STATA) environments for reanalysis of data that is provided by CSDR and the YODA Project

However, few repositories have processes for managing and approving requests to access non-public clinical datasets.

We recommend that an approved repository for clinical data should include assessing DUAs to ensure there is an appropriate balance between restriction and reuse

Datasets in curated, readily consumable formats should increase confidence in the delivered data formats, adding further value to the offerings of data journals.

Bibliographic databases, particularly the more selective databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus, give some assurances of quality and reliability of the included information to their users through journal evaluation and selection procedures.

This might also be an option for researchers granted secondary access to data whose study of another researchers ’ data did not fit a traditional research article format

10 reques ts to access data.

When surveyed about their data sharing attitudes and behaviours, clinical researchers express concerns about inappropriate secondary analysis of their data, and they cite concerns about patient privacy 16 .

ntroduce data sharing statements and transparency statements in published articles

his approach to data sharing makes it difficult to connect journal articles with their underlying datasets and is often insufficient for ensuring access to data in the long term. T

n contrast to our initial hypothesis, the genetic deletion of HDAC6 did not reduce the weight loss or the deficits in cognitive abilities and nest-building behavior shown by R6/1 mice, and even worsened their social impairments, hypolocomotion in the Y-maze, and reduced ultrasonic vocalizations.

“When you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in number … you have scarcely, in your thoughts, advanced to the stage of science, whatever the matter may be”.

Dogs may become aggressive, or quiet, or may stop socialising with “their” humans and other dogs. Sheep, on the other hand, may appear largely the same when casually observed.

We also know that it is not just our dogs and cats that can suffer pain – there is an equally strong evidence base for the presence and negative impact of pain in sheep, cattle, pigs and horses among other species.

For example, we know that animals and indeed birds with clinical signs of pain (limping) will choose to eat food containing pain-killing drugs (analgesics) over untreated food, and by measures of behaviour, they will improve.

Animals rely on human observers to recognise pain and to evaluate its severity and impact.

And it is these unpleasant feelings that cause the suffering we humans associate with pain

RDoCdb is an informatics platform for the sharing of human subjects data related to Mental Health research.

Grants of up to $200,000 will be awarded

Applicants will be a sustainable entity with an ongoing and operational commitment to improve community health and/or wellbeing.

Collator

Instantiations

Mammals

gray matter

Communication barriers between disciplines; lack of specific NIH funding streams; barriers to data-sharing and integration.

The Alzheimer's field has had its share of clinical trial flops. Now there's a push to learn from past failures. Computational scientists in pharmaceutical companies are guiding clinical trial design by first putting drug candidates through their paces in simulations.

If the scientists are publishing their work with F1000, they will eventually be able to do so with one click directly from their workspace.

These authoring tools are accompanied by literature discovery mechanisms, one of which Tracz describes as “a bit of magic that’s quite amazing”:

They are usually not experts in the subdisciplines of the papers they see, and an editor’s main interest, says Tracz, is the journal—in increasing its impact factor, for example—not necessarily disseminating sound scientific findings.

Anonymous peer review involves a conflict of interest, says the F1000 founder. Since peer reviewers are experts in the field of the papers they review, they can be in competition with the authors of those papers and therefore may have an interest in delaying publication.

It is “unbelievable and ridiculous,” he says, “that science information should become available to people who want to know it with a year delay.”

Compared with the granule cell, the basket cell is quite complicated. It receives synapses from parallel fibers and to a limited extent from climbing fibers, but it devotes its entire axonal output to the Purkinje cells with the possible exception of a few contacts on other basket cells and Golgi cells.

Reference Collator

layers II-V

They

which are in the form of

Respondents over age 65 in poor health were the least likely to trust, share, and engage using social media

HRI’s consumer survey found that Facebook and YouTube are the most commonly used social media channels for viewing health-related informa - tion.

If you want to connect with people and be part of their community, you need to go where the community is. You need to be connecting before you are actually needed,” explained Ed Bennett, who oversees social media efforts at the University of Maryland Medical Center.

In health, examples of community sites include Caring Bridge, Daily Strength, and BabyCenter.

ome organi - zations are capturing sentiment and standard volume numbers on various sites, while others know that they need to go beyond capturing “likes” and “followers” to collecting qualita - tive engagement metrics

In f act, c ommunity si tes h ad 2 4 t imes mo re social media activity on average than any of the health industry compa - nies over that one-week timeframe.

L ess t han h alf ( 45%) of i ndividuals ages 45–64 would be likely to share via social media, while 56% would be likely to engage in health activities.

2 0% h ave jo ined a health forum or community

open, two-way dialogue.

he identities of neurons in the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which is composed of 118 anatomically distinct neuron types, have been well-defined not only on the level of anatomy, but also in terms of lineage and function

Should there be one URI identifying the content itself, regardless of its format (e.g., whether it is online or offline)? This is akin to the issue of identifying, e.g., a book as a whole, as opposed to its delivery format (i.e., whether it is a printed or electronic).

A typical, and extremely valuable use case is in academic and scholarly publishing. There are currently several methods for citing online works (disputed among style guides), but there is no standard method for citations to ebooks. Even if a reflowable ebook is by a scholar, she must refer to PDF, paper copy, or HTML version to cite it in her bibliography. EPUB+WEB should enable stable citations.

As outlined in [dpub-latinreq] or [jlreq], the Open Web Platform in general, and CSS in particular, is still lacking solutions for meeting all of the publishers’ expectations on satisfactory typography and layout for digital publications. While improved presentation fidelity will be of paramount importance to the overall success and adoption rate of EPUB+WEB, it is clear that many of these issues are going to be addressed on a case-by-case basis by the CSS WG over a longer period of time. STM publishing, for example, where the faithful representation and rendering of, e.g., mathematical or chemical formulae is of a paramount importance, has particularly severe requirements that must be fulfilled by the Open Web Platform technologies.

Among the various portable document formats available today, there is no equivalent ubiquitous method for identifying a publication that by definition does not have an HTTP address. Within the scholarly publishing industry, for example, initiatives such as DOI and CROSSREF have addressed this problem by providing explicit URN resolver services, but these services are not used by traditional “trade” publishing that rely more on ISBN related services. Also, for a universally applicable portable document format, unconditionally relying on distinct resolver services is suboptimal for a number of use cases, primarily as these may not be free of charge, and may require registration process that is not be applicable to the use case at hand.

Today’s EPUB supports a mechanism [CFI] for fine-grained references into a publication, but it is not defined in a manner that natively handles transitions between online and offline/portable states.

It must be emphasized, however, that EPUB+WEB is not meant to create an offline version of any Web page; the emphasis is on Web documents and not to, so to say, duplicate the Web. For example, it is not the goal of EPUB+WEB to store the page of a Web-based email client. The exact boundaries and limitations will have to be properly specified alongside the work on archival formats.

Indeed, the original goal for scholarly publisher to make files available online was to enable readers to download and print content directly,

The specific means of delivering hybrid and web-technology-based system applications is currently proprietary to specific applications frameworks and/or browser platforms. The point of EPUB+WEB is to increase problem solving momentum in package, metadata, and offline support applicable to both portable documents and installed applications

Mobile platform web site use is diminishing in favor of native applications.

A shared theme of many of these TFs, dubbed terminal selectors 1 0 , is that their genetic removal results in the loss of many functionally unrelated terminal identity features, such as neurotrans - mitter identity, expression of neurotransmitter receptors, ion chan - nels, etc.; however, generic features shared by all neurons, such as the expression of synaptic vesicle proteins, are generally unaffected.

neurotrans - mitter identities, as assessed by expression of enzymes and trans - porters that synthesize, synaptically package and reuptake a specific neurotransmitter, remain stable in many adult neuron types.

None can be call'd deform'd but the unkind: Virtue is beauty, but the beauteous evil Are empty trunks o'erflourish'd by the devil.

And though 'tis wonder that enwraps me thus, Yet 'tis not madness.

He named Sebastian: I my brother know Yet living in my glass; even such and so

The man grows mad: away with him! Come, come, sir.

It grieves me Much more for what I cannot do for you Than what befalls myself.

Haply your eye shall light upon some toy You have desire to purchase; and your store, I think, is not for idle markets, sir.

I could not stay behind you: my desire, More sharp than filed steel, did spur me forth; And not all love to see you, though so much As might have drawn one to a longer voyage, But jealousy what might befall your travel,

But, come what may, I do adore thee so, That danger shall seem sport, and I will go.

of what he said (see Curt Rice’s blog for an up to date summary)

Oh, that might be too much to expect.

The responsibility here is not even to report true facts, but the deeper truth – as the scholar sees it – that underlies the events they observe

But did we need an outsider to make it public enough and urgent enough to drive real action? Did Bohannan have responsibilities to the Open Access community to tell us more about the problem, to do a proper study, or as a journalist was his responsiblity to publicly expose the issue?

It is the tradition that employment should not be at risk when a scholar speaks in their area of expertise

Authority is the ability to be listened to not the ability to speak freely.

The active transcription factor bound to the consensus sequence was incubated with a specific primary antibody (NF-κB p65) a

specific primary antibody (NF-κB p65)

mouse SphK1

mouse p-p44/42

mouse SphK1

resveratrol

resveratrol

Taken together, this study provides novel insights into the modes of action of RSV by establishing its strong inhibitory effect on SphK1 and PLD activities, as well as ERK1/2 phosphorylation.

rabbit monoclonal SphK1 primary Abs

goat-polyclonal PLD1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnologies)

Taken together, these data demonstrate the ability of RSV to block C5a-induced acute inflammatory response.

Nevertheless, the overall goals are pretty good. They want to evolve to some more HHMI-like stability of funding, an equilibrium of participating scientists to the available budgets and to generally keep the grant process on improving scientific productivity rather than h

I believe it to be valid but what's to stop me from flooding the H database with false connections, or just spam?

If that's the approach we'd use, should the API afford a more direct method?

Can this mechanism meet the needs of the H/NIF/ORCID partnership on the Helmsley grant

Box 1. Investing in Practical Solutions

However, one issue that has shown demonstrable impact on similar challenges in other settings is the expanded development and adoption of standards and best practices [13].

o be clear, this does not imply that there was no return on that investment. As noted in a recent paper by Stern et al. [21], even in cases of retracted publications due to scientific misconduct, which is not a major source of irreproducibility [13,22], “it is conceivable that some of the research resulting in a retracted article still provides useful information for other nonretracted studies.”

Extrapolating from 2012 data, an estimated US$114.8B in the United States [18] is spent annually on life sciences research, with the pharmaceutical industry being the largest funder at 61.8%, followed by the federal government (31.5%), nonprofits (3.8%), and academia (3.0%) [20].

2) biological reagents and reference materials

From an economic perspective, the system is highly inefficient. While there are several root causes, one overarching source of inefficiency is the continued emphasis on placing responsibility with the researcher—despite the fact that a significant portion of the costs of irreproducibility are ultimately borne by downstream parties in the translation of bench discoveries to bedside therapies [13].

Attempting to achieve total reproducibility would dramatically increase the cost of such studies and radically curb their volume.

For this paper, we adopt an inclusive definition of irreproducibility that encompasses the existence and propagation of one or more errors, flaws, inadequacies, or omissions (collectively referred to as errors) that prevent replication of results.

ut Ive’s point suggests a larger truth about Silicon Valley that Jobs understood well. Ideas rarely, if ever, come from the mind of a single person, but those who go down in lore as visionaries take credit for them as if they do.

He saw his success as the result of a lot of hard work and also a fair bit of luck, and he wanted to give the people he knew the opportunity to be a part of it. He hired his sister, to stock the kitchens at Twitter; his wife, Sara, was hired to design the new offices; and he employed numerous friends from Google.

“What’s the worst thing I can do as C.E.O. to screw the company up?” Campbell responded, “Hire your friends!”

But this access often relies on having a narrative — being an entrepreneur with just the right creation story.

Twitter was a service for people to talk about what was going on around them, to share news and information.

Then he gave an unimpressive explanation of his vision for Twitter. Yahoo made a lowball offer and said that it was building a better competitor.

More often than not, the people who come up with company ideas have no understanding of how to run a business or turn a profit.

n the Valley, these tales are called “the Creation Myth” because, while based on a true story, they exclude all the turmoil and occasional back stabbing that comes with founding a tech company.

Sleep apnea has been associated with a host of adverse outcomes, ranging from increased risk of primary cardiovascular events (including in a previous study by Shah) and dementia to early mortality. Thus, the association with reduced risk of recurrent coronary events was surprising.

Untreated Sleep Apnea Boosts Risk of Heart Disease, Stroke

You should be able to see your reflection in his eye,” Elser said. “If you can’t, he’s probably in some kind of pain. It’ll get a little dull. I

Mules generally don’t live much past forty.

ut Britta Osthaus, the first author of the 2013 paper, questions the use of the phrase “hybrid vigor.” “Mules are definitely ‘better’ in many aspects than their parent species,” she told me in an e-mail. “But this is defined by what humans see as useful (load capacity, sure-footedness, etc.). As they almost always are infertile, there is no benefit for the genes.”

Don’t leave any more comments or direct messages about how if branding my stock isn’t that painful, then I should brand myself.”

(The animals are crucial to resupplying outposts in federally designated wilderness areas, where motorized and wheeled vehicles are banned.)

neocortical basket cells (BCs) are composed of three distinct subclasses: [...] a third subclass, the nest basket cell (NBC).

They

interneurons

Potassium channel (Kv)

A Thousand Acres. By Jane Smiley. New York: Ballantine, 1991. $12.00

The Crossing. By Cormac McCarthy. New York: Random House, 1994. $13.00.

Remember Me. By Laura Hendrie. New York: Henry Holt, 1999. $24.00.

Plainsong. By Kent Haruf. New York: Knopf, 1999. $24.00.

The Meadow. By James Galvin. New York: Henry Holt, 1992. $12.00.

Strange Angels. By Jonis Agee. New York: HarperPerennial, 1993. $12.00.

Fools Crow By James Welch

Roughing It by Mark Twain

Sea of Grass by Conrad Richter

Death Comes for the Archbishop by Willa Cather

Cormac McCarthy: All the Pretty Horses (1992)

John Williams’s Butcher’s Crossing (1960)

Walter Van Tilburg Clark’s The Ox-Bow Incident (1940)

Displaying 560,936,869 results

Perma.cc helps scholars, journals and courts create permanent links to the online sources cited in their work.

All formats includes ephemeral forms that are increasingly dominating medical communication (e.g., online journals, blogs, and databas

ecome programmatic and adminis trative home for the BD2K Initiative and take lead in defining subsequent data science efforts

kind of avoid conferences. People who go to conferences are chasing old science, actually. If you don't know about it a year ahead of when it's presented at the conference, then you're probably not up to speed on where the technology is.

ut most researchers who have great ideas (in their minds, anyway) for treatments, preventives, or diagnostics have only a vague notion how to transform their science projects into “value propositions” that can raise the millions needed to commercialize a concept.

mostly federal small business research grants.

One, you need a business plan that makes sense to Western investors, including how to win FDA [Food and Drug Administration] approval for the drug; and two, don't tell me anything more until Case Western has secured the IP [intellectual property].”

But it's hard to go out and be an entrepreneur with a Plan B. You gotta tell yourself that this is the only way the company can move forward, and we're going to make that work.”

“Todd was a very good scientist, although he was by no means my best student,” Ying says. “But he had very good business acumen. And that's essential in running a company.”

And although some scientists leave campus to follow their commercial dreams, most do not. They like research and teaching, for one thing, and may not think they have what it takes to run a company.

And although some scientists leave campus to follow their commercial dreams, most do not. They like research and teaching, for one thing, and may not think they have what it takes to run a company.

Eight years later, a second company grew out of her participation in I-Corps' 10-week boot camp for would-be academic entrepreneurs. “I-Corps opened my eyes,” Ray says. “It taught me that you need to know the customer, and your value proposition—that is, how you plan to make money.”

not every media type has a fragment specification

a single comment that applies to several web pages

Third, a well - moderated community will have low costs : it will do its work while making as few demands as possible on the infr a structure and on participants. Costs here include the obvious computational ones — servers, hard drives, network connections, elect ricity, etc . — b ut also include the work r e- quired of participants, such as flagging a post for removal, r e- moving a flagged post, or appealing an incorrectly removed post

By “mode ration,” I mean the governance mechanisms that structure partic i pation in a community to facilitate cooperation and pr e vent abuse .

“The referee rejected it because it was a replication and didn’t contain any novel work.”

We've learned that isolationism never was and never will be an acceptable response to tyrannical governments with an expansionist intent.

The men of Normandy had faith that what they were doing was right, faith that they fought for all humanity, faith that a just God would grant them mercy on this beachhead or on the next. It was the deep knowledge -- and pray God we have not lost it -- that there is a profound, moral difference between the use of force for liberation and the use of force for conquest. You were here to liberate, not to conquer, and so you and those others did not doubt your cause. And you were right not to doubt.

So far, the Reproducibility Initiative has obtained data for 31 of the 50 papers. Some validation experiments have already been conducted, each at a cost of around US$25,000 in materials and time. Costs are closer to $35,000 for mouse studies, Gunn said. The project has a $1.3-million grant from the Laura and John Arnold Foundation of Houston, Texas, to do its work.

He even helped invent the pop-up ad because corporations were wary of the user content appearing next to their ads

Many people say that no significant number of users will ever pay directly for Internet services.

Transcriptomine is a tool for mining tissue-specific nuclear receptor transcriptomes based on annotated published genome wide transcriptional profiling experiments in the field of nuclear receptor signaling.

Biomedical innovation and discovery based on research and development by private and public companies and institutions are essential for advancing medical science and improving clinical care. However, unless stealth research adopts more scientific transparency, investors, physicians, patients, and healthy people will not be able to judge whether some proposed innovation is worth $9 billion, $900 billion, or just $9—let alone if the innovation will improve the health and well-being of individuals.

Theranos is just one example among many for which major efforts and major claims about biomedical progress seem to be happening outside the peer-reviewed scientific literature. Many of these efforts and claims have a biotechnology flavor, and the people involved often include a blend of engineers, physical scientists, and venture capitalists. The main motive appears to be to develop products and services, rather than report new discoveries as research scholarship. Products, services, and profit appear to be more important than scientific publications. For some biotechnology innovators, peer-reviewed publication may be perceived as unnecessary. Publication makes knowledge public and communal, whereas the efforts of some companies build on the spirit of private ultracompetitive entrepreneurship. At a time of increasing recognition of the importance of transparency in laboratory and clinical research, this approach seems paradoxical.

We see a future in which scientific information and scholarly communication more generally become part of a global, universal and explicit network of knowledge; where every claim, hypothesis, argument—every significant element of the discourse—can be explicitly represented, along with supporting data, software, workflows, multimedia, external commentary, and information about provenance. In this world of networked knowledge objects, it would be clear how the entities and discourse components are related to each other, including relationships to previous scholarship; learning about a new topic means absorbing networks of information, not individually reading thousands of documents. Adding new elements of scholarly knowledge is achieved by adding nodes and relationships to this network. People could contribute to the network from a variety of perspectives; each contribution would be immediately accessible globally by others. Reviewing procedures, as well as reputation management mechanisms, would provide ways to evaluate and filter information. This vision moves away from the Gutenberg paper-centric model of the scholarly literature, towards a more distributed network-centric model; it is a model far better suited for making knowledge-level claims and supporting digital services, including more effective tracking and interrogation of what is known, not known, or contested.

The genomic predictor was clearly bad (everyone agrees), but I don’t see that this patient was physically hurt because of this trial per se,” said Matthew Goetz, a professor of oncology and pharmacology at Mayo Clinic, who also reviewed Shoffner’s case for The Cancer Letter.

I don’t approve of lying to patients

Lying, or withholding information from patients is “a very bad idea,”

Unbeknownst to Shoffner, Duke had suspended the trials twice, silenced the whistleblower, and overlooked data from other institutions—while she was in touch with her Duke oncologist, Paul Kelly Marcom.