- Dec 2023
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chem.libretexts.org chem.libretexts.org
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What is the E°cell?
Exercise 19.5.1 The voltage will be given to us correct?
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Using the same information in Question 19.3.6, which electrode is consumed?
Exercise 19.3.7 What would the answer look like if both electrodes are consumed?
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Mn2+(aq)+4H2O(l)→MnO−4(aq)+8H+(aq)+5e−(19.8)
Exercise 19.2.1b Does it matter which side these are displayed? Mine tend to be on the opposite sides
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- Mar 2023
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Thus they pleasantly passed the night until the morning, when the King went forth to his hall of judgment, and theWezeer went thither with the grave-clothes under his arm: and the King gave judgment, and invested and displaced,until the close of the day, without informing the Wezeer of that which had happened; and the minister was greatlyastonished. The court was then dissolved; and the King returned to the privacy of his palace.
The king never sleep well. How can he still make the judgement?
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She said, “That is the one about whom you blamed me. And I certainly sought to seduce him, but he firmlyrefused; and if he will not do what I order him, he will surely be imprisoned and will be of those debased.”33. He said, “My Lord, prison is more to my liking than that to which they invite me. And if You do not avertfrom me their plan, I might incline toward them and [thus] be of the ignorant.”34. So his Lord responded to him and averted from him their plan. Indeed, He is the Hearing, the Knowing.35. Then it appeared to them after they had seen the signs that he [i.e., al-Azeez] should surely imprison himfor a time.
Why does he wants the lord to imprison him?
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ung.edu ung.edu
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But now the queen, who fear’d for Turnus’ life
Why the queen feared turnus' life? And why is the advice the queen gives to he?
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- Mar 2022
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learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet02-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet02-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.comLayout 114
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fighting ability was one way that this prayer was answered for some
fighting and honor and protection
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Most bondsmen would have to mask their honor when confronted withaffronts and wait until a potential window of opportunity to seek redress; oth-ers displayed their honor at times by resisting dishonor
honor by resisting dishonor
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the code of honor among bondsmen assumed a “sacredness,”and transgressors would, among other retributions, have “their names cast outas evil from among their brethren, and being subjected to scorn, and perhapspersonal violence.”
honor
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In Africa fighters often exhibited their power on behalf of the enslavedcommunity in the enforcement of honor.
enforcement
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Others commanded respect fortheir demonstrated skill in physical contests such as climbing poles, wrestling,or knocking and kicking. Through these various forms of display, enslavedAfricans and their descendants exclaimed their individual worth and honor.The desire to seek such communal honor was clearly strong
honor
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an enslaved woman could gain honor in the eyes of the communityfor her ability to sing, hypnotize the community with engaging stories, or dancewith grace
honor for all regardless of gender
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black drivers who felt compelled by the honor code not to carry out orderedwhipping if the plantation owner was not immediately present.2
how far honor goes
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loyalty while enslaved
concept
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enslaved showed this respect toone another by hiding and feeding runaways and refusing to betray otherbondsmen
how remained honorable
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honor was loyalty to fellowbondsmen.
honor
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loyalty to peers, personal displays, vengeance, and resistance to dishonor
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honor system of Africansand their descendants in North America was most clearly exhibited through
.
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Europeans and their descendants in North America did not always recog-nize this bonded honor code, but southern elites lived by their own reflexivehonor system that led to violent gouging matches and later duels.2
white ppl are dumb
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Enslaved Africans carried strong concepts of honor to North America. As wehave seen, the pastoral Angolans held a tradition of reflexive honor in whichaffronts to honor were settled in stick fights.
honor
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- Oct 2021
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mmcr.education mmcr.education
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the power to destroy may defeat and render useless the power to create
Is this the foundational argument for the Supremacy Clause? For this example, does this mean if the states had the power to influence federal programs or policies, that the powers delegated to the federal government would be redundantly delegated?
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is not supreme.
When do state laws take effect over federal laws? How do you know when which is supreme? or vice versa?
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But if the full application of this argument could be admitted, it might bring into question the right of Congress to tax the State banks, and could not prove the rights of the States to tax the Bank of the United States.
Based on the relationship between State, banks, and General Government, is this suggesting a contradiction or non mutual relationship between the 3 in this line of argument?
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Its means are adequate to its ends, and on those means alone was it expected to rely for the accomplishment of its ends.
This whole phrase is really confusing me? I'm not able to even figure out what any of the parts mean, could anybody help me out?
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but by people over whom they claim no control.
Is this suggesting that if States were allowed to tax the Federal Government, would States hold power and authority over citizens outside of their state? Would State laws apply universally?
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This is, we think, the unavoidable consequence of that supremacy which the Constitution has declared.
A lot of this argument seems centered around the idea that the people, via its representatives, declared the Constitution has supreme power over states. In this, a State (and by extension, representatives of the people) is arguing the apparent supremacy of the federal gov't over the state, doesn't this contradict the argument of the Supreme Court a bit, that the will of the people was for a federal gov't to hold supreme over state?
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The powers of the General Government, it has been said, are delegated by the States, who alone are truly sovereign, and must be exercised in subordination to the States, who alone possess supreme dominion.
Does Maryland grapple with the idea that the sovereignty and power of the states comes from the people in its argument that the Constitution receives its power from the states, as opposed to the people?
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we shall find it capable of changing totally the character of that instrument
I don't understand what this is saying? So on the basis of Marylands contends it changes the meaning of what the Bank means in the constitution?? I'm not sure if I even read it correctly the end of the sentence isn't making sense to me. Changes the character of what instrument? Constitution?
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Taxation, it is said, does not necessarily and unavoidably destroy.
Taxation seems to be a big pinpoint of this argument. In history we have seen many problems with "taxation without representation" or misuse of taxing in this case, but we also see problems today with people not agreeing with where the tax money goes, or especially problems with getting tax returns. Do you think taxation is going to continue being a problem?
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Would the people of any one State trust those of another with a power to control the most insignificant operations of their State Government?
This question is more a thought for questions. Do you think that this idea of one government have power over another government issues still stand in to days modern world? or do you think that states and governments the the US are more lacs about this issues then they where in 1819?
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which another Government may furnish or withhold
Is 'another government' directly referring to the state vs. the national government?
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But is this a case of confidence?
What constitutes a case of confidence? Is Marshall saying here that the national and state governments need to just have confidence in one another that there will be no abuse of power from either end? When does the Court decide a case is to be considered a case of confidence?
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But the two cases are not on the same reason.
Kind of seperate, but do federal buildings pay taxes to the state they are in? Or to the government? Or do they pay at all? If they dont does that mean that the state tax payer does?
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unanimously of opinion
In the Epstein text, it says that one of the seven Supreme Court Justices, Thomas Todd, did not participate in the decision. So it was unanimous, but only among 6 of the 7. I wonder why Todd didn't participate? Does anyone know from the text or other history?
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We shall find it capable of arresting all the measures of the Government, and of prostrating it at the foot of the States.
I feel like this is a tad dramatic. How would allowing Maryland to tax a government institution arrest "all the measures of the Government"? I understand that taxing the bank would likely lead to the closing of that bank - but how would it interrupt the rest of our governence?
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mmcr.education mmcr.education
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It is also not entirely unworthy of observation, that in declaring what shall be the supreme law of the land, the constitution itself is first mentioned; and not the laws of the United States generally, but those only which shall be made in pursuance of the constitution, have that rank.
Now that Marshall observes the supreme law of the land to be the constitution, this makes me wonder how the Judiciary Act of 1789 was passed when it altered the original jurisdiction that was written in the constitution. Did the creators of the this act not consult or care about the constitution?
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- Sep 2021
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mmcr.education mmcr.education
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Why does a judge swear to discharge his duties agreeably to the constitution of the United States, if that constitution forms no rule for his government? If it is closed upon him, and cannot be inspected by him?
This concludes Marshall's habit of asking questions that he proceeds to answer. Are many modern day decisions written similarly? Or is this style more suited to an early justice seeking to define the role of the court, including the types of questions a Justice should be asking and answering?
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If congress remains at liberty to give this court appellate jurisdiction, where the constitution has declared their jurisdiction shall be original; and original jurisdiction where the constitution has declared it shall be appellate; the distribution of jurisdiction, made in the constitution, is form without substance.
Okay help me clarify this. In this phrasing saying that if Congress gives appellate jurisdiction over the constitution witch already holds original jurisdiction than that new law or rule makes no sense?
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mandamus should be used for that purpose, that will must be obeyed. This is true, yet the jurisdiction must be appellate, not original.
So a mandamus can only be applied to Appellate jurisdiction and not Original? Or can it be applied to both if met with the "specificity" of the original jurisdiction requirements?
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no bill of attainder or ex post facto law
I realize this is just an example he's using to prove his point, that every word of the constitution is important and that the constitution should trump other laws. However, I've never heard of either of these - A "bill of attainder" or an "ex post facto" law. Does anyone know what these are?
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If, however, such a bill should be passed and a person should be prosecuted under it; must the court condemn to death those victims whom the constitution endeavors to preserve?
I'm a little confused on how this analogy fits in. Is this meaning that the bill passed should be enforced by the courts? If this is true how exactly does this fit in the argument?
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If any other construction would render the clause inoperative, that is an additional reason for rejecting such other construction, and for adhering to their obvious meaning.
I do not understand how this statement relates to what was said before. If I'm correct, the previous statements was suggesting that the supreme and inferior courts have certain jurisdiction. Are they saying that how jurisdiction is determined may change over time?
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Neither is it necessary in such a case as this, to enable the court to exercise its appellate jurisdiction.
I thought the whole point of this case was to review laws or precedents within the constitution and deem whether or not they were truly viable. Doesn't appellate jurisdiction become necessary then? A higher court overturning a lower courts decision?
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It is then the opinion of the court,
How can a court's opinion change? When there are different people on the court would that maybe produce a different outcome? How would you be able to be sure that things are standard?
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he power remains to the legislature, to assign original jurisdiction to that court in other cases than those specified in the article which has been recited; provided those cases belong to the judicial power of the United States.
I am confused on how the legislature fits into the court's original jurisdiction. Did the legislature have to approve each of the cases that the supreme court took? Why only for original jurisdiction and not appellate jurisdiction as well? Does this still apply today?
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to issue writs of mandamus to public officers, appears not to be warranted by the constitution
Where does the issue writs of mandamus come from then if not the constitution? I thought that the way judicial courts act were all centered around the constitutional law. But the way this is worded, it appears that mandamus is not in reference to the constitution.
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Here the language of the constitution is addressed especially to the courts. It prescribes, directly for them, a rule of evidence not to be departed from. If the legislature should change that rule, and declare one witness, or a confession out of court, sufficient for conviction, must the constitutional principle yield to the legislative act?
I'm curious as to how the writers of the Constitution had not considered that something similar could occur? Why did the writers not introduce some sort of specific method where one of the branches could declare an action of another unconstitutional?
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mmcr.education mmcr.education
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Voluntary Cessation Doctrine,
I looked up the Voluntary Cessation Doctrine, but I am still unsure what it means and how it pertains to this case? I wish they would have elaborated more on it. I could be mistaken, but I believe the Doctrine deals with exceptions to mootness, however, I thought Justice Breyer said this case was not moot.
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Locke v. Davey
Does Lockey vs Davey involve the qustion of scholarship (of religious schools) provided from government money? Thats what I'm gathering but I'm not sure. Not familiar with the case but before I look it up I'm guessing it has to do with government funded school scholarships secular vs non secular?
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Well -- well, for -- if the political winds change, we have -- we have this policy by Facebook or press release. So it can easily be changed back if political --
How often does social media play a part into political bias? How are judges or trial members able to keep their rulings separate from the bias they're hearing in the news or headlines?
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David A Cortman
He doesn't really answer the justices question of how he doesn't see the other way of questioning as discrimination IN FAVOR of the church against other non religious people which I think is sort of telling and again why I think justice sotomayor is one of the dissenting judges. One question I have is whether or not there actually is anything in the constitution that protects discrimination in favor of religion? I always hear about it the other way around and I remember in one instance not long ago about a christian baker who refused to bake a wedding cake for a gay couple based on the argument that it violates his ability to practice his religious beliefs. The court sided with him, which to me is discrimination in favor of "religious beliefs" that was ruled by the supreme courts as justified and constitutional.
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There's also entanglement.
Having no prior knowledge of the Establishment Clause, I believe I've been able to glean a little of what it might say from the course of listening to this case. The application of it seems to be broken into two halves of conditionality, "endorsement" and "entanglement." Does anyone on the thread have a definition of what these two conditions mean?
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Locke, right? Locke drew a distinction between assistance for devotional, theological education and scholarship and others.
This mention of Locke has been used numerous times throughout this conversation, and I have yet to understand where the meaning of this is being drawn from. Are they referring to something John Locke wrote? Is this the name of something or someone I may have missed?
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- Sep 2017
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www.tnellen.com www.tnellen.com
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The transmitter George wears in his ear is used to make sure he does not take an unfair advantage of his brain.
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- Jul 2017
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Local file Local file
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To meet their bioenergetic requirements, differentiated cellstend to metabolize glucose via oxidative phosphorylation as away of maximizin
Question 3
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- Feb 2016
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www.americanyawp.com www.americanyawp.com
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social and political advancement i
The racial system that was established in the new world was a racial hierarchy. The system worked based on the purity of ones blood. Then it was used as a status for political and social advancement.
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