Donovan’s speech

Donovan Livingston Spoken Word Commencement

Anzaldua wanted to focus on her peopl

Those who are stuck between the borderlines of language in her native land, those who feel oppression through not communicating according to how others expect you to communicate

her fellow chicanos

The audience can becom

mexicanos

How to Tame a Wild tongue is an autobiography

Even when she devoted her life to becoming a teacher to help progress the next generation forward.

Genre is the theme

you are

falls

nd felt as if he needed to invoke pride, and initiative into those who would hear his speech.

ollins, Billy. “Billy Collins Commencement Address .” Billy Collins Commencement address . 19 May 2008, Colorado.

Anzaldua, Gloria. How to Tame a Wild Tongue. https://www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf

Harvard Graduate School of Education. “Donovan Livingston’s Student Speech.” Facebook Watch, Harvard Graduate School of Education, 26 May 2016, www.facebook.com/HarvardEducation/videos/10153893399331387

Her purpose is to not give up,

english

her genre is a autobiography,

deprived of being themselves.

Gloria Anzaldua lived in a time where being Latino or bilingual was a problem in Northern America.

only 13 minutes to be precise.

Collins purpose in his speech is to not worry about the past

everyone

Livingston’s purpose is to try y

zaldua is reaching out to anyone who understands being deprived to be themselves.

Billy Collins writing is a commencement speech, Donovan Livingston is also a commencement speech a

with out

ence- who is the writer talking to? and a

challenging, you

sites sorted Poet Laureate Billy Collins Gives Brilliand and Witty Commencement Address at Colorado College, 2008, www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm. Poet Laureate Billy Collins Gives Brilliand and Witty Commencement Address at Colorado College, 2008, www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm. Anzaldua | Gloria E. Anzaldúa – Wikipedia. www.keyfora.com/search/anzaldua.

major assignment #1:

Harvard College Graduates

ail would be in letter form

Billy Collins and Donovan Livingston’s genre would be Commencement Speeches

 The purpose of Donovan Livingston Commencement Speech is that he is Congratulating the Graduating Class 2016 from Harvard. 

f you

http:/web.cn.edu/k.wheeler/documents/letter_BirminghamJail.pdf.)

His purpose was to tell his story about getting arrested in Birmingham after he non violently protested segregation there.  The purpose of his letter was to state why he was put in prison and why it was so wrong that he was put in jail. 

in the passage Letter From Birmingham Jail,

When writing a story, article, book, essay, or even a letter to a friend, we always face some kind of rhetorical situation. When a writer is in the process of developing work, they have a purpose, a certain audience, and a genre to follow. All are important elements and choices that we need to follow to get our main purpose across while writing to a certain audience.

Collins, Billy. Commencement speech. Graduation Wisdom, 19 May 20http://www2.colorado08, college.edu/commencement/BillyCollins.asp

Livingston Donovan Commencement speech facebook, may 25th 2016.https://www.facebook.com/HarvardEducation/videos/10153893399331387

I did not complete everything asked for in the first draft,  I completed my writing on each author, and focused more on each concept.

He immediately treats his audience with respect, while also quickly stating the reason for this letter. He’s able to do this professionally and makes every sentence count as a politician should.

christian

against, therefore

But there seems to be something else that’s able to captivate the audience that I’ve realized. As I read on, I’m noticing that in each work I review, there seems to be a recurring theme of freedom and limitation.

Livingston harvard.edu)

Poetry is the main genre used in this speech

type of writer’s

“In the 1960s, I read my first Chicano novel. It was City of Night by John Rechy, a gay Texan, son of a Scottish father and a Mexican mother. For days I walked around in stunned amazement that a Chicano could write and could get published. When I read I Am Joaquin’ I was surprised to see a bilingual book by a Chicano in print. When I saw poetry written in Tex-Mex for the first time, a feeling of pure joy flashed through me. I felt like we really existed as a people. In 1971, when I started teaching High School English to Chicano students, I tried to supplement the required texts with works by Chicanos, only to be reprimanded and forbidden to do so by the principal. He claimed that I was supposed to teach “American” and English literature. At the risk of being fired, I swore my students to secrecy and slipped in Chicano short stories, poems, a play. In graduate school, while working toward a Ph.D., I had to “argue” with one advisor after the other, semester after semester, before I was allowed to make Chicano literature an area of focus.” (Anzaldua 81)

inspire others who have been through a similar situation

Auto-Biographical genre

There’s an example of this

When I looked at the works I needed to review for my writing class, (eng 101) I thought about this sort of genetic writing as I read them

In this way, writing style and ideas can be passed on like genes. When you use this genetic form of writing, rather than passing genes down from parent to child, you instead pass down ideas from author to audience.

Although no one wants to see an entire piece

”If readers put too much emphasis on their own opinions, it can often put off the reader.

My theory involves how some written works are like genes; how style is passed on, adapted and mixed in order to present a strong message.

Letter From Birmingham Jail.

Borderlands: The Now Metiza,

Once you find that link, that one small connection that you can make with your audience, you can create something truly amazing.

Carson-Newmen University Aug. 1963, web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/letter_birmingham_jail.pdf.

Anzaldua, Gloria. Borderlands: The New Mestiza. 1987. Aunt Lute Books, 2007

breaking the rules

According to The Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute at Stanford University, King’s letter was published in various periodicals including the New York Post and Ebony magazine

He used examples that were very audience specific, and compared segregation and racism to “condemning Jesus because His unique God-consciousness and never-ceasing devotion to His will precipitated the evil act of crucifixion” (King, 3). Using a very well-known and important example from the Bible would help the clergymen understand their actions in a way they would not have before

Martin Luther King’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” is another great example of a written piece breaking the traditional rules of the decided genre.

he begins to seem like a more relatable character, rather than someone acting like they have all of the answers

to his speech, however, h

While David Livingston was able to connect to his audience through both similar life challenges and being nearly at the same point in life as the graduating class, connecting to his audience so easily was an obstacle that Billy Collins had to overcome in his commencement address to the 2008 graduating class of Colorado College.

He is challenging the beliefs of the educators and causing them to reevaluate how they think about education. A

primarily being a poem, which was written and delivered in such a way that catered to his young-adult audience.

bent the rules i

and they understood that breaking the rules of their genres in certain ways would positively affect the outcome of their works. 

is importan

The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” Stanford University.https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/letter-birmingham-jail Accessed 1 Feb. 2020.

Were my transitions successful? Were my theory of writing and definitions of genre, audience, and purpose clear? Were my in-text citations done correctly?

how breaking the rules of a genre can be important in order to make a piece interesting

a free speech genre,

differece

He is trying to inspire those who felt alienated as well or different

also to a revolution of educators

Donald Livingston

defend a non-violent wa

Kings purpose is to pursuade majorites

to the Birmingham clergy 

I feel the same with Martin Luther King.

This next passage is powerfully written.

A persons

In “How to tame a wild tongue” by Gloria Anzaldua I believe she was speaking to people of the Hispanic culture (chicanas

pursaude

sexism groups

Her genre of choice was an impactful speech of realism

Whom do you

requires particular rhetorical moves” (Blau and Burak 3). T

“How to tame a wild tongue” by Gloria Anazaldua https://www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf  “Letter to Birmingham” by Martin Luther King https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Letter_Birmingham_Jail.pdf “Lift off” by Donovan Livingston https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/16/05/lift  “Writing in the works” by Burak and Blau 

What can I do to come up with a better theory? Are my transitions okay ? Can you tell clearly what the genre,audience and purpose are for each source

This assignment allows us to go beyond just summarizing and has us analyze deeper into our three sources. This assigment really makes you think but also allows you to see the bigger picture with genre,audience and purpose.  

All three authors (sources) succeeded in engaging the audience

In Linguistic Terrorism, Anzaldua notes how Chicanos suffer from low self-esteem because of pressure existing ever since childhood to conform.  She adds, “If a person, Chicana or Latina, has a low estimation of my native tongue, she also has a low estimation of me”(39).

She goes on to describe the Spanish purists who disdained her Chicano dialect not only because it incorporates English words – “the language of the oppressor” – but because it is not pure Spanish (35).

For example, Sarah Stanley, in the Journal of Basic Writing  provides the literal English translation of, “El Anglo con cara de inocente nos arranco la lengua.” 

However, although her essay may have broad appeal, her target audience includes anyone seeking to impose conformity, those who acquiesce to conformity, and those resisting conformity (especially “Los Chicanos”).

Anzaldua speaks to a wide audience in her essay/chapter (genre), “Tame a Wild Tongue”

King hopes to rouse them to action but not to violent action.

This leads to King’s main point which is, “Shallow understanding from people of good will is more frustrating than absolute misunderstanding from people of ill will.

King’s premise of the oppressed not voluntarily giving up power (freedom) holds true even today! 

he Letter genre King selects is a pragmatic choice.  Because the letter eventually gained national prominence, it makes his choice of genre wise indeed.

While King’s letter  is ostensibly aimed at the clergymen, he was speaking to the entire newspaper readership (audience) – just as the clergymen had in their letter

above Wikipedia source

The following Wikipedia excerpt sets up King’s Letter very well: The Birmingham campaign began on April 3, 1963, with coordinated marches and sit-ins against racism and racial segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. The nonviolent campaign was coordinated by the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) and King’s Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). On April 10, Circuit Judge W. A. Jenkins issued a blanket injunction against “parading, demonstrating, boycotting, trespassing and picketing.” Leaders of the campaign announced they would disobey the ruling.[1] On April 12, King was roughly arrested with … other marchers, while thousands of African Americans dressed for Good Friday looked on.[2] King was met with unusually harsh conditions in the Birmingham jail.[3] An ally smuggled in a newspaper from April 12, which contained A Call for Unity, a statement by eight white Alabama clergymen against King and his methods.[2] The letter provoked King, and he began to write a response to the newspaper itself. King writes in Why We Can’t Wait: “Begun on the margins of the newspaper in which the statement appeared while I was in jail, the letter was continued on scraps of writing paper supplied by a friendly black trusty, and concluded on a pad my attorneys were eventually permitted to leave me” (par.2).

He then offers a mini-message, “Then there is global warming — it should be called “global roasting,” “warming” is too comforting — ” (Collins par.3).   This observation would be more humorous if it wasn’t more relevant now than in 2008. Regardless, Collins’ main message is about taking Time in our lives to be Grateful. 

He then uses humor (pre-law students checking their watches to time his 13 minute speech) to engage his audience.

Collins starts his speech with part of a poem – about gratitude (and roses)

authors use several mechanisms to achieve engagement.  Blaua and Burak, in Writing in the Works , devote a whole section to ‘Creating Your Voice’ as a means of engaging the reader (8).  They point out tone is an important element of voice and it should be consistent with the genre and message selected for the audience (8).

– the message will be lost on them.

Sometimes the author is constrained in their selection of audience.  For example, the author has little, if any, control over the audience when asked to give a commencement address.  In this instance, the author only has latitude in selecting the purpose and genre.  Similarly, when providing an editorial response, the message and genre may be somewhat constrained to statements made in the original piece.

he Purpose of a writing is the message(s

Audience

‘Genre’ means a classification of related objects.  These definitions of genre both classify objects into types.

Blaua and

This assignment serves to compare three sources of writing (particularly with respect to genre, audience and purpose).  First I’ll define the three key terms and how they relate.  Then I’ll relate these terms to each other before explaining how each writing successfully conforms to my theory of writing.

“Letter from Birmingham Jail”. Wikipedia.  En.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_from_Birmingham_Jail. Accessed 2/15/2020

Collins, William.

Anzaldua, Gloria .  “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”. WWW.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf. Accessed 2/15/2020.

Works Cited

I chose to organize the assignment in Whole-to-Whole method

When you begin writing you must know your audience in order to decide on a genre and understand the purpose of your writing in order to successfully develop your writing

The genre of this essay is all about identity

pose is she emphasizes

people speaks

eaches his audience by relating to them

Livingston genre is a poem.

the poem s

His audience is future educators.

In 2016, Donovan Livingston delivered a convocation speech to Harvard Graduate school of education that went viral and received national attention.

making this connection he captures the audience because he mentions something that relates to them.

he intended audience is King’s fellow clergy because he wrote specifically to them, King states “At first I was rather disappointed that fellow clergymen would see my nonviolent efforts as those of an extremist” (King

to defend the strategy of nonvio

is a letter.

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. wrote a Letter from Birmingham Jail in 1963 where he was imprisoned as a participant in nonviolent demonstrations against segregation

be able to identify genre, purpose and the intended audience in each piece and present evidence to back up my claims from the sources listed above. 

Which all plays a part the rhetorical situation which will come to play when analyzing my sources Martin Luther King “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, Donovan Livingston Spoken Word Commencement Address at Harvard and Gloria Anzaldua “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”.

what point is the authors message/purpose?

is stated in Writing in the Works,”…you make the choice of genre by analyzing the rhetorical situation. Each of the elements-genre, purpose, audience, voice, design-are interrelated”

In this sense, audience and purpose and genre all work together

your audience

Anzaldua, Gloria. How to Tame A Wild Tongue.  https://www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf  Last accessed 6 February 2020 

Some writing skills I touched based with was outlining my essay. I broke up my essay into portions and incorporated where I want certain things to be placed in certain paragraphs to help shape my essay.

he three speeches they all try to connect to their personal experiences with the audience.

he purpose of Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail is to state why he was put in prison

would be the eight white religious leaders of the South that he was responding to as stated at the beginning of the text

s in fact a letter

The purpose of Billy Collins commencement speech is a very complex one to grasp due to what he says for instance,

https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm)

I am going to speak for 13 minutes. I think you deserve to know that this will be a finite experience. It is well-known in the world of public speaking that there is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to the pleasure they get when it is over, so you can look forward to experiencing that pleasure 13

ld unmistakably be Harvard College Graduates

two sense

genre would be Graduation Speech or Commencement Speech

As seen, do to the fact this is a recorded event, you can find on Facebook.

the why of the story. What is the point of the story and why was it made? Whatever that answer might be, is the purpose.

sci-fi movie with sci-fi being the genre

Star Trek

A genre is the subject that is analyzed

the authors tells

Mainly looking into these three articles that will be used throughout the assignment.

this work did not remind me of anything I have done in the past what new with this draft is that I added a better conclusion and put in my theory of writing I drawn my knowledge from the source material and tutors I decided to went over my grammar The question I have for my readers is simply, do they think its any good

Collins, Billy. Commencement speech. Graduation Wisdom, 19 May. 2008, https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm . Accessed February 2020. King, Martin Luther, Jr. Letter from Birmingham., August 1963 accessed February 2020.  Jailhttps://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Letter_Birmingham_Jail.pdf . Livingston Donovan Commencement speech facebook, may 25th 2016.https://www.facebook.com/HarvardEducation/videos/10153893399331387 accessed February 2020

And how Gloria Anzaldua that her fellow Chicanos that they shouldn’t give up their own language for another language because people that are not Chicanos think that their language is superior but to keep their language because that’s what they grew up with. 

other Chicano people that have been through the same struggle has her as to how somehow the English lan

The genre this story about her life would be a poetry of how she was treated differently because she would only know how to speak her native Chicano Spanish and how she would be treated differently by other adults and other children because she wasn’t able to speak the best of English and how people would put her down most of the time because of it and scold her on that she needs to be able to speak perfect English to be able to be in North America.

 In the piece called “How to Tame A Wild Tongue” Gloria Anzaldua talks about growing up learning English and how speaking Spanish got her in trouble a bundle of times and how she was forced to speak Engl

But as I continued to think about the matter, I gradually gained a bit of satisfaction from being considered an extremist. Was not Jesus an extremist in love? — “Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, pray for them that despitefully use you.” Was not Amos an extremist for justice? — “Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.” Was not Paul an extremist for the gospel of Jesus Christ? — “I bear in my body the marks of the Lord Jesus.” Was not Martin Luther an extremist? — “Here I stand; I can do no other so help me God.” Was not John Bunyan an extremist? — “I will stay in jail to the end of my days before I make a mockery of my conscience.” Was not Abraham Lincoln an extremist? — “This nation cannot survive half slave and half free.” Was not Thomas Jefferson an extremist? — “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” So the question is not whether we will be extremists, but what kind of extremists we will be. Will we be extremists for hate, or will we be extremists for love? Will we be extremists for the preservation of injustice, or will we be extremists for the cause of justice?” (King, 2

inform that segregation will not end by saying it will end soon but when will it end and informing the religious leaders on how the religious figures they believe in also were treated how African Americans were being treated currently during that time.

letter from the Birmingham jail th

One of the quotes that prove he aims this speech towards the students that are graduating is when tries to relate to the students as he says “I am going to speak for 13 minute

Explains that the present is important.

even to inspire them

target audience would be the kids that are graduating from the college or can be used for young people in general as

The Genre of the piece would be defined as a commencement address.

In the Billy Collins, commencement address Message

you always

Reading, Singing,

Purpose in my terms would be defined as what the writer is trying to do to make the reader read what the writer has written like how some writers will try to amuse the reader in to keep reading the passage that the writer has written.

 Starting off we will be defining the key terms of what they are defined as,

Then lastly in my conclusion, I will paraphrase my theory of writing and how it all works with all the experts I used to show why they have successful writing in them. 

be picking about

n this current assignment, I’ll be discussing a plethora of things that summarize the idea of writing by naming and defining some of these key terms and Analyzing sources from specific readings from experts and defining them and how some of these key terms are used in these readings.

and Analyzing s

Anzaldúa, Gloria. “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”. Borderlands / La Frontera: The New Mestiza. Aunt Lute Books, 2012. Print. 

King, Martin Luther, Jr. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” 16 Apr. 1963. Web. Feb 7, 2020 

Poet Laureate Billy Collins Gives Brilliand and Witty Commencement Address at Colorado College, 2008, www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm. 

His purpose for this speech was to let these people understand that basically, we are superhuman, we are just human. We cannot predict the future and we cannot change the past. So why stress so much about things we have no control over?

or Billy Collins commencement speech, he is telling these graduates about how there is no point in worrying about the future.

To listen to what their students have to say instead of getting upset or annoyed and work with them.

In Donovan Livingston’s speech, his audience is targeted to educators who hold back their students.

experience with racism, feeling outcasted by her peers and her own culture, and even her self identity

In Gloria Anzaldua’s “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”, she