why they wanted to target it

what’s the purpose of there story

identify’s

POST WRITE:

As you can see, in order to make a successful piece of writing using those three key terms; Genre, Audience, and Purpose, I believe all you have to do is have a clear message that can affect your audience in many ways especially emotionally.

Our last piece of writing is also a speech, but one that I had heard from Donovan Livingston through a video online

“a type of writing – from an informative report to a blog posting – and each type of writing requires particular rhetorical moves…”

s trying to uplift its audience to do things more powerful beyond measure

“I guess it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregation to say “wait.” But when you have seen vicious mobs lynch your mothers and fathers at will and drown your sisters and brothers at whim; when you have seen hate-filled policemen curse, kick, brutalize, and even kill your black brothers and sisters with impunity; when you see the vast majority of your twenty million Negro brothers smothering in an airtight cage of poverty in the midst of an affluent society; when you suddenly find your tongue twisted and your speech stammering as you seek to explain to your six-year-old daughter why she cannot go to the public amusement park that has just been advertised on television, and see tears welling up in her little eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children, and see the depressing clouds of inferiority begin to form in her little mental sky, and see her begin to distort her little personality by unconsciously developing a bitterness toward white people; when you have to concoct an answer for a five-year-old son asking in agonizing pathos, “Daddy, why do white people treat colored people so mean?”; when you take a cross-country drive and find it necessary to sleep night after night in the uncomfortable corners of your automobile because no motel will accept you; when you are humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs reading “white” and “colored”; when your first name becomes “EXPLETIVE” and your middle name becomes “boy” (however old you are) and your last name becomes “John,” and when your wife and mother are never given the respected title “Mrs.”; when you are harried by day and haunted by night by the fact that you are a Negro, living constantly at tiptoe stance, never knowing what to expect next, and plagued with inner fears and outer resentments; when you are forever fighting a degenerating sense of “nobodyness” — then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait. There comes a time when the cup of endurance runs over and men are no longer willing to be plunged into an abyss of injustice where they experience the bleakness of corroding despair.”

same injustice acts

trying to reach the audience of fellow African American southerners

We can take a look at some examples of writing that help define these terms even further than what you already know such as Dr. Martin Luther King’s letter from the Birmingham Jail.

to tie into one another, well t

they go further

Speech, Non-Fiction, Fiction, Article, Poem

bout the term “Big Idea”

In this piece of writing though,

If you t

What is G

Although I didn’t put the cited sources in my first draft, I think that I will have developed a better understanding on how to Cite sources in proper MLA Formatting.

I’ve have not had to quote a passage that ended up being over 300 words

In other words, their purpose was to leave a mark of remarkable words on our society today and how we intake the information

the bible

ust laws align with the natural laws of God and should be followed. Unjust laws are immoral and therefore shouldn’t be followed. King believes the Christian Church’s acceptance of segregation is entirely un-Christian as it violates the basic morality rights.

hypocritical the 8 white religious leaders were, Martin says “ a just law is a man-made code that squares with the moral law”.

mortal argument

he 8 white religious leaders of the South known as the white moderates.

In the letter written by Martin Luther King Jr during his time in Birmingham jail, he shares his experience being black in such a discriminatory society

was to motivate

In Billy Collins’s commencement address, his genre is a personal speech.

The purpose of his commencement speech is to inspire the younger generations

ondary audience when he starts to  express his feelings in a very unique way regarding the education system and how challenging it is to be able to learn in a culture shaming society.

Donavon targets

Donovon Livingston’s genre is a commencement speech.

all three authors show an understanding of their choice in genre, audience, and purpose.  

Billy Collins commencement

Donovan Livingston, Spoken

of literature

successful piece of literature forces the audience or reader to ask questions about the basic concepts of reality and realizing the purpose of each story told. 

The genre is  autobiographical story i

His audience is also the group of students who just graduated with him so he may have some identity appeal towards him being able to easily grab their attention immediately.

free Country

This genre is autobiographical

Gloria Anzaldua (How to tame a wild Tongue).

The Eight White Religious Leaders of the South.

ham is probably the most thoroughly segregated city in the United States. Its ugly record of police brutality is known in every section of this country.”

Martin Luther king Letter from ( Birmingham Jail )

is to make sure i have the audience’s attention by giving them something to hear that they wanna hear which introduces a form of pathos, connecting with your audience is major. Having a clear message and purpose so readers are able to understand and keep up with what you are saying, basically guiding them. It’s also crucial for it to be clear so your message is heard, to establish urgency. 

in a rhetorical situation sense.

you want

Citation   https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham.html Website TitleLetter from a Birmingham Jail [King, Jr.]     https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/16/05/lift Website TitleHarvard Graduate School of Education 

s my transition between switching from one key term in each paragraph smooth?

bit more confidence

how they’re writing can affect people internally is a different type of thinking. 

“are we not astronomers searching for the next shooting star

A spoken poem is a poem that is given in word form and it is unique

The genre of this example is a speech. Livingston delivered his speech in a spoken poem form.

King also says “the dark clouds of racial prejudice will soon pass away and the deep fog of misunderstanding will be lifted from our fear drenched communities, and in some not too distant tomorrow the radiant stars of love and brotherhood will shine over our great nation with all their scintillating beauty”.

King says that a just law is a law from God but an unjust law is a law that disobeys God.

he is writing a letter to the priests and clergies and so mentioning God is a good way to get their attention.

Martin Luther King also uses genre, audience, and purpose to get his message across in his Letter from Birmingham Jail.

Billy Collins’ purpose that he is trying to get to his audience is also important.

n a humorous form when he says “I am going to speak for 13 minutes… there is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to the pleasure they get when it is over, so you can look forward to experiencing that pleasure 13 minutes from now”. This quote shows that Billy Collins is being humorous with his audience

are graduates that are graduating with him

a valedictorian to inspire the graduates and this is what Billy Collins does

Specifically, he gives his address in a commencement speech.

The first example of a rhetorical situation is from Billy Collins’ commencement address

MLK’s Letter for Birmingham Jail, and Donavan Livingston’s speech from Harvard.

purpose is

and you need to know the message that you are trying to convey which is your purpose

which is

we need

you need

Harvard Graduate School of Education. “Donovan Livingston’s Student Speech.” Facebook Watch, Harvard Graduate School of Education, 26 May 2016, Accessed February 7, 2020 www.facebook.com/HarvardEducation/videos/10153893399331387.   “L.” Letter from Birmingham Jail – Full Text, Accessed February 7, 2020 abacus.bates.edu/admin/offices/dos/mlk/letter.html.

Does my theory of writing make sense?

I used my knowledge of audience and purpose from class and the short assignments onto my essay and this made the essay much easier to write.

I’ve come to the conclusion that writing is a tool which allows for better creation, storage, and transmission of information than pure mental processes

so the intended audience was likely Chicano/Mestizo nationalists.

These being Chicano/Mestizo nationalists and leftists

How to Tame a Wild Tongue

Andalzua’s How to Tame a Wild Tongue was much less straightforward than the other two writings

the primary audience was the clergymen, the secondary audience was the public, and the purpose was to further the civil rights movement.

During the Birmingham Campaign, MLK was arrested for orchestrating unlawful protest

The audience was the 2008 graduating class of Colorado College. The purpose of a commencement address is to inspire the audience.

commencement address is a speech.

The rhetorical situation is a set of variables which should be taken into account for effective writing. The most important of these are genre, audience, and purpose. Genre is the category of the writing. Audience is the person or group of people for whom the writing is made. Purpose is the reason for which the writing is made.

He then printed it out and transmitted it to the 2008 graduating class of Colorado College by giving a speech.

Major Assignment #1

Whether it be changing or enhancing the mindset of a graduating class, making certain people feel proud of their heritage, or changing the course of history.

My theory is that writing should be done with intention.

should choose a genre that best communicates my purpose, and ideas that most effectively reach my audience. Before attempting to reach my audience, I

Anzaldúa’s audience includes other Chicanas, or anyone that has experienced the hardships, frustrations, and insecurities faced by those who have had similar experiences

In Gloria Anzaldúa’s “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”, she emphasizes the importance of not being ashamed of one’s native language, or “tongue”

He mentions God and religion multiple times in the letter, thus more so successfully reaching his intended audience. In his letter, he states “Isn’t this like condemning Jesus because His unique God-consciousness and never-ceasing devotion to His will precipitated the evil act of crucifixion?”. This statement causes the clergymen to think back to their own faith and beliefs, so that they would understand, and hopefully empathize with, King’s frustrations. This is a perfect example of using “audience” to benefit the writer’s purpose.

He chose this genre as the most direct way to reach those he desired to reach. By writing a letter, one can directly address those the writer intends it to be read by.

ddresses his audience, especially when he incites humor at times. To achieve this connection with his audience, among many others, he begins with a joke; “It is well-known in the world of public speaking that there is no pleasure you can give an audience that compares to the pleasure they get when it is over, so you can look forward to experiencing that pleasure 13 minutes from now. All the pre-law students just looked at their watches.

The speech allows the reader or listener to reflect on past accomplishments and be proud, and things in the present that make life worth living

But the task of dispensing advice to a group of young strangers, and, worse, the job of reassuring them about the future does not get any easier with time or practice.” Another quote of many in which he shows his thorough understanding of his audience is when he says “Remember when you were in high school, college was the future. Well, now college is the past. What happened? It’s a mystery.” This quote can certainly relate to the graduating students, who have just graduated and now have the future to look towards. He understands his audience, and thus can more closely connect his message.

Collins used a few traditional aspects of a speech, meaning that he stuck to the structure of addressing a graduating class and including a special message.

raditional structure of a speech

Genre, audience, and purpose are interrelated

writers purpose

The purpose of writing is generally the reason the work is being written in the first place. This is the message

In all forms of writing, there are certain components to keep in mind as the writer. There are decisions made, sometimes subconsciously, as the writing process goes on from beginning to end. The writer selects a genre for the work, determines the audience it is intended for, and the purpose the writer hopes to achieve (Blau and Burak pg. 2-9)

commencement address.

writers, however there are

Works Cited Anzaldúa, Gloria “How to Tame a Wild Tongue.” Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza 1987, www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf. 7 February 2020 Blau, Susan ; Burak, Kathryn “The Rhetorical Situation.” Writing in the Works, 4th ed., Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2017, pp. 2–9. Collins, Billy. “Billy Collins Commencement Speech Transcript.” Poet Laureate Billy Collins Gives Brilliand and Witty Commencement Address at Colorado College, 2008, www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm. 7 February 2020 King, Martin Luther. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” Aug. 1963. https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Letter_Birmingham_Jail.pdf 7 February 2020

I added more information regarding the connection between genre, audience, and purpose. I also made the writing about each of the three components in each source more equally covered, and separated them into different paragraphs to help myself write more organized. I also moved around several sentences between paragraphs to become more organized

In the last piece of writing that contains all the factors of a good writing was Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza by Gloria Anzaldúa “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”.

Being fully aware of his audience he is able to connect with them when mentioning religion and god more than a couple times throughout

The main purpose of the letter by King was to defend his strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism and oppression.

genre of Collins writing is speech

The Billy Collins Commencement Address genre is straight forward from the beginning and can be easily identified by the audience.

Each of these may fall under totally different genres but they all have a purpose and a specific audience that they are trying to reach.

writing.

you could ask a question

The first step to a good writing to me out of the three key terms previously stated is the genre of the writing

“How to Tame a Wild Tongue.” Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza, by Gloria Anzaldúa, 1987, www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf. 10 February 2020

would be was I able to easily explain the key terms and define them without any confusion?

This letter was a successful piece of writing because he was able to grab his audience’s attention by proving them some wrong and encouraging others.  

When he wrote this, he is portraying that he was writing the letter for the eight religious’ leaders of the South

Martin Luther King’s, “A Letter from Birmingham Jail,” he says, wh

t it is possible to be that intelligent to construct such a prominent piece of poetry.  

genre is poetry

his audience are all the young black students and their white educators.

In Donovan Livingston’s speech, ‘Lift Off’, he says

Anzaldua’s genre for ‘How to Tame A Wild Tongue’ is essay, but she describes her genre of writing to be autohistoria-teoria.  

For a people who are neither Spanish nor live in a country in which Spanish is the first language; for a people who live in a country in which English is the reigning tongue but who are not Anglo; for a people who cannot entirely identify with either standard (formal, Castillian) Spanish nor standard English, what recourse is left to them but to create their own language?”

Gloria Anzaldua’s ‘How To Tame A Wild Tongue,’ she

  If your genre, purpose, and audience work together in your piece of writing, you will have successful writing that will grab your audience’s attention. 

Whether it is to persuade your audience or to inform them

you are writing

“Gloria Anzaldúa – How To Tame a Wild Tongue.” Genius, genius.com/Gloria-anzaldua-how-to-tame-a-wild-tongue-annotated. Gutenberg. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” Letter from Birmingham Jail | Project Gutenberg Self-Publishing – EBooks | Read EBooks Online, self.gutenberg.org/articles/Letter_from_Birmingham_Jail. “Lift Off.” Harvard Graduate School of Education, www.gse.harvard.edu/news/16/05/lift.

What questions do you have for readers about the piece? I do not have any questions. 

English teachers have always told us to determine who our audience was before we started writing.

having to go into the author’s brain.

The intended audience for this piece is not just the non-native speakers but the Majority as well.

I remember being caught speaking Spanish at recess – that was good for three licks on the knuckles with a sharp ruler. I remember being sent to the comer of the classroom for “talking back” to the Anglo teacher when all I was trying to do was tell her how to pronounce my name. “If you want to be American, speak ‘American.’ If you don’t like it, go back to Mexico where you belong. I want you to speak English. Pa’ hallar buen trabajo tienes que 5 saber hablar el ingles bien. Que vale toda lu educaci6n si todav{a !tablas ingles con un ‘accent:” my mother would say, mortified that I spoke English like a Mexican. At Pan American University, I and all Chicano students were required to take two speech classes. Their purpose: to get rid of our accents”

Gloria Anzalduas genre is an informative piece.

The purpose of his speech was to empower and motivate his audience

ever, is written more to inspire the audience. He writes in an inspirational manner to empower his audience and make them confident in themselves and the work that they have accomplished. In Livingtons speech he states “I stand here, a manifestation of love and pain with veins pumping revolution. I am the strange fruit that grew too ripe for the popular tree. I am a dream act, a dream differed incarnate and a movement. I am a magnum of memories America will care to forget. My past alone won’t allow me to sit still so my body like my mind cannot be contained. (Livingston 2:15)”. Livington states that although he was different from most, he never gave up and fought his way through to reach his goal.

University of Harvard

Donovan Livingtons Spoken Word Commencement. Like Billy Collins piece

Collins is trying to assure his audience that as important as the future is, they shouldn’t focus so much on what they haven’t done to the point that it affects them but focus more on their accomplishments, not what they haven’t done.

Billy Collins didn’t exactly choose his audience. He knew that his audience would be not just the students that he was speaking to but the teachers and the family members that were present. Billy tried to ensure that his speech was enjoyable by everyone and that his message was heard by not just the students but everyone in the room as well.

Using the same example, the purpose of Billy Collins speech

be more relaxed than most speeches at a commencement address

you are

(Page 3 in Blau, Burak

What defines a good piece of writing?

Collins

Livingstons Spoken Word

“Billy Collins Commencement Address.” Poet Laureate Billy Collins Gives Brilliand and Witty Commencement Address at Colorado College, 2008, Graduation Wisdom, 2 Oct. 2013, www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm.   Harvard Graduate School of Education. “Donovan Livingston’s Student Speech.” Facebook Watch, Harvard Graduate School of Education, 26 May 2016, www.facebook.com/HarvardEducation/videos/10153893399331387.

Depending on the two first factors, you will write to a specific group and that is will complete your piece

The last writing I read was a piece by Martin Luther King Jr, called “Letter from Birmingham Jail”. Martin Luther King Jr. was a very influential and passionate person.

she tells us what it’s like in her world and gives us a view of it. Her audience, to me, could’ve been more than one group of people. In her story, she explains how she has a certain tongue, a different tongue. She was Mexican, but she was born in America. The people who were born in Mexico have a very clear language while she grew up with the street words, or the “slang”. So even though they are from the same culture and speak the same language, it’s very different for them. I believe she wants her audience to be the people who were born in Mexico.

The next piece I read was by a woman named Gloria Anzaldua, called “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”. This was only a small section of a bigger work called “Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza.” In this section she mainly talks about her struggles with her culture. “

will be remembered for what you did, not for what you never got around to doing. No eulogist at your funeral will say “Too bad she never signed up for that yoga class.” Or “A pity he never followed up on those Italian lessons.” So don’t waste even more time worrying about the things on your “To Do” list.” (Collins)

That they won’t be remembered for the things they didn’t get to do in their life.

The genre for this specific writing was a commencement speech/address where he showed his passion in helping those students understand their life as it is right now. H

In Billy Collins’s speech, he used genre, audience, and purpose in a very pleasing way.

A piece about her life, and where she comes from.

To enjoy it.

mexican

but you

Is the purpose to inspire you? Is the purpose to help you understand something?

To understand writing and how genre, audience, and purpose work together to help readers understand them.

Gloria Anzaldua’s “How to Tame a Wild Tongue” https://www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf   Billy collins Commencement speech https://www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm   Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail” https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Letter_Birmingham_Jail.pdf  

What questions do you have for readers about the piece? No questions.

It could be for a Chicana or Latina who feels the same she did and is being stripped of their identity like she was. It could also be for someone who only speaks English, to learn that being bilingual is okay.

at it is not shameful to be bilingual and to stay to true to oneself. She states in her writing that she will no longer tame her tongue, she will flaunt her voice as she wishes, and overcome the silenc

Similar to Martin Luther King’s letter, Anzaldua’s purpose is in the same context

he audience for King’s letter was eight white clergy men that he decided to respond to.

Martin Luther King delivered his purpose a totally different way than Collins

Therefore his genre is a letter as opposed to a speech.

From the start, he tells them, “I am going to speak for 13 minutes” (Collins 2)

Collins knew how to connect with his audience

What he is trying to tell the graduates is that we need to stop paying attention to time and live in the moment, just be grateful for what you have now and not what is to come. Live in the present and don’t worry about what hasn’t been accomplished, instead be proud of what you have accomplished

As for Collins, he does a great job on delivering his purpose through his genre.

Collins’ purpose was to simply inspire

such as:

According to the book, “Writing in the Works” every time you go to write, you make choices according to the rhetorical situation (Blau and Burak 3).

your audience

Blau, Susan, and Kathryn Burak. “Writing in the Works”. Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2017. Collins, Billy. “Brilliand and Witty Commencement Address at Colorado College, 2008,”. www.graduationwisdom.com/speeches/0135-Billy-Collins-Gives-Brilliant-Witty-Commencement-Speech-Address-At-Colorado-College-2008.htm. King, Martin Luther, Jr. “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” King Research and Education Institute. 16 April 1963. https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/documents/Letter_Birmingham_Jail.pdf. 7 Feb. 2020. Anzaldua, Gloria, “How to Tame a Wild Tongue”. Borderlands / La Frentera: The New Mestiza. https://www.everettsd.org/cms/lib07/WA01920133/Centricity/Domain/965/Anzaldua-Wild-Tongue.pdf. 8 Feb. 2020

Which are purpose, genre, and audition. T

The genre of her piece would be an autobiography.

In how to tame a wild tongue G

“Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.” Likewise, a encouraging quote from Donovan Livingston commencement speech would be “Today, when I look my students in the eyes, all I see are constellations.If you take the time to connect the dots,You can plot the true shape of their genius Shining in their darkest hour.”

his audience is his fellow graduates and friends and family that attend the speech that Livingston delivers but mainly for the students. One of my favorite quotes that supports my claim is ” T

Donovan Livingston does a great job of bringing in his audience,

This piece at connect

lso the genre is a letter

was not Jesus an extremist in love.”

One of the best pieces Martin Luther king has written would be his letter from Birmingham jail in my opinion.

Donovan Livingston, spoken word commencement

writes too

Genre, Audience, and purpose.

Anzaldua, Gloria. “How to Tame a Wild Tongue.” Boston, MA, Bedford/St Martin’s Press, 2008

was it hard for you to start off.

ompel and inspire his target audience;