5,600 Matching Annotations
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    1. HCM125

      CaseHCM125: 39 yrs report, Vietnam, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Family history of sudden cardiac death

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002875, HP:0001712, HP:0031295, HP:0011103, HP:0001653, HP:0006698 (Exertional dyspnea, Left ventricular hypertrophy, Left atrial enlargement, Abnormality of the left ventricular outflow tract, Mitral regurgitation, Dilatation of the ventricular cavity)

      HPOsFreeText: Maximal LV thickness 22 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005110, HP:0001297, HP:0004756 (Atrial fibrillation, Stroke, Ventricular tachycardia)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The gene panel included 10 sarcomeric genes (MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1, TNNC1, MYH6), 9 genes encoding Z-disk components and Ca2+ homeostasis factors (LDB3, CSRP3, TCAP, VCL, ACTN2, MYOZ2, NEXN, JPH2, PLN), and 4 genes involved in HCM phenocopies (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2, TTR), All probands had left ventricular wall thickness >= 15 mm and no other diseases that can cause secondary hypertrophy

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The coding region, flanking sequences, and untranslated regions of each gene were enriched by LC-PCR, amplified, and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq or MiniSeq platform. Identified variants were then filtered for pathogenicity and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2207T>C (p.Ile736Thr)

      ClinVar: 164342 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/164342/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      Multiple Gene Variants

      (1) MYH6 Variant

      Variant: NM_002471.3(MYH6):c.5410C>A (p.Gln1804Lys)

      ClinVar: 312843 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/312843/

      gnomAD: 0.002807, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23853806-G-T

    2. HCM047

      CaseHCM047: 59 yrs report, Vietnam, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Family history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Has a sister with MYBPC3 mutation with asymptomatic HCM (did not mention MYH7 mutation)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002875, HP:0001712 (Exertional dyspnea, Left ventricular hypertrophy)

      HPOsFreeText: Maximal LV thickness 20 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005110, HP:0001297, HP:0004756 (Atrial fibrillation, Stroke, Ventricular tachycardia)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The gene panel included 10 sarcomeric genes (MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1, TNNC1, MYH6), 9 genes encoding Z-disk components and Ca2+ homeostasis factors (LDB3, CSRP3, TCAP, VCL, ACTN2, MYOZ2, NEXN, JPH2, PLN), and 4 genes involved in HCM phenocopies (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2, TTR), All probands had left ventricular wall thickness >= 15 mm and no other diseases that can cause secondary hypertrophy

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The coding region, flanking sequences, and untranslated regions of each gene were enriched by LC-PCR, amplified, and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq or MiniSeq platform. Identified variants were then filtered for pathogenicity and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1322C>T (p.Thr441Met)

      ClinVar: 14122 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14122/

      gnomAD: 0.002556, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23898249-G-A

      Multiple Gene Variants

      (1) MYBPC3 Variant

      Variant: NM_000256.3(MYBPC3):c.2308G>A (p.Asp770Asn)

      ClinVar: 36604 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36604/

      gnomAD: 0.00008693, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-47360071-C-T

    3. HCM033

      CaseHCM033: 30 yrs report, Vietnam, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Family history of Sudden Cardiac Death and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Has a 7 year old son with the same variant but no symptoms

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001712, HP:0100749, HP:0002875, HP:0011103, HP:0031295 (Left ventricular hypertrophy, Chest pain, Exertional dyspnea, Abnormality of the left ventricular outflow tract, Left atrial enlargement)

      HPOsFreeText: Maximal LV thickness 27 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005110, HP:0001297, HP:0004756 (Atrial fibrillation, Stroke, Ventricular tachycardia)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The gene panel included 10 sarcomeric genes (MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1, TNNC1, MYH6), 9 genes encoding Z-disk components and Ca2+ homeostasis factors (LDB3, CSRP3, TCAP, VCL, ACTN2, MYOZ2, NEXN, JPH2, PLN), and 4 genes involved in HCM phenocopies (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2, TTR), All probands had left ventricular wall thickness >= 15 mm and no other diseases that can cause secondary hypertrophy

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The coding region, flanking sequences, and untranslated regions of each gene were enriched by LC-PCR, amplified, and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq or MiniSeq platform. Identified variants were then filtered for pathogenicity and confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1063G>A (p.Ala355Thr)

      ClinVar: 42820 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42820/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. HCM491

      Case#: HCM491, female, 30 years, not a smoker

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: 44mm LAD, 23mm LVST, 32mm LVEDD, 75% LVEF, 28mm Maxi LVWT, 64mmHg Maxi LVOTG, 123213328 raw RNA-seq reads, 115698990 HQ reads (93.90%), 95.97% mapping rate, 756623 total variant, 34040 exonic variant

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: RNA-seq, read mapping, variant calling, identify functional variants, differential expression analysis, miRWalk miRNA target prediction, LncRNA annotation, Co-expression network analysis, PPI network analysis, gene over-representation analysis,

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1987C>T (p.Arg663Cys)

      ClinVar: 42874 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42874/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: absent

    2. HCM490

      Case#: HCM490, female, 41 yrs, not a smoker

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: 44mm LAD, 15mm LVST, 39mm LVEDD, 58% LVEF, 21mm Maxi LVWT, 63mmHg Maxi LVOTG, 109178274 raw RNA-seq reads, 102325212 HQ reads (93.72%), 96.79% mapping rate, 728218 total variant, 33873 exonic variant

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: RNA-seq, read mapping, variant calling, identify functional variants, differential expression analysis, miRWalk miRNA target prediction, LncRNA annotation, Co-expression network analysis, PPI network analysis, gene over-representation analysis,

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.4130C>T (p.Thr1377Met)

      ClinVar: 42992 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42992/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000008791 European (non-finnish) https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23887458-G-A

    3. HCM562

      Case#: HCM562, female, 36 yrs, smoker

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: 36mm LAD, 0mm LVST, 36mm LVEDD, 66% LVEF, 21mm Maxi LVWT, 70mmHg Maxi LVOTG, 119176332 raw RNA-seq reads, 113518840 HQ reads (95.25%), 96.63% mapping rate, 782848 total variant, 34382 exonic variant

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: RNA-seq, read mapping, variant calling, identify functional variants, differential expression analysis, miRWalk miRNA target prediction, LncRNA annotation, Co-expression network analysis, PPI network analysis, gene over-representation analysis,

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.427C>T (p.Arg143Trp)

      ClinVar: 164401 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/164401/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0001087 East Asian https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23901923-G-A

    1. WPW385

      Case#: WPW385, 13 yrs

      DiseaseAssertion: LYH, WPW, SVT

      FamilyInfo: inherited

      CasePresentingHPOs: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, Supraventricular tachycardia, Left ventricular hypertrophy (HP:0001716, HP:0004755, HP:0001712)

      CaseHPOFreeText: 0 ARIC, 0 THou, 2.03e-5 gnomAD, 3.3e-5 Exac, 7.7e-5 esp6500, 20.5 CADD_phred, 0 pLI,

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: ECG, exome sequencing, gene analysis, burden analysis,

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2389G>A (p.Ala797Thr)

      ClinVar: 42901 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42901/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0001230 African/African American https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23894525-C-T

    1. AJV

      CaseAJV: 17 years diagnosis, Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Father (index case) died awaiting cardiac transplant (carried both variants). Two possibly affected relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0006536 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Obstructive lung disease)

      HPOsFreeText: Maximum left ventricular hypertrophy at 17 mm, Sudden cardiac death event at 17 years, Maximal wall thickness at 22mm,

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1954A>G (p.Arg652Gly)

      ClinVar: 177626 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177626/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      Multiple Gene Variants:

      MYBPC3 Variant

      Variant: NM_000256.3:c.2980C>T (p.Leu994Phe)

      ClinVar: 180992 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/180992/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.624e-4, Overall 8.461e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-47355487-G-A

    2. CaseMYH7-35: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1324C>T (p.Arg442Cys)

      ClinVar: 177897 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177897/

      gnomAD: East Asian 5.012e-5, Overall 2.121e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23898247-G-A

    3. CaseMYH7-32: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: 3 other probands share this genotype

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1816G>A (p.Val606Met)

      ClinVar: 14091 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14091/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.548e-5, Overall 7.070e-6 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23896866-C-T

    4. CaseMYH7-29: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2093T>C (p.Val698Ala)

      ClinVar: 42878 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42878/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    5. CaseMYH7-11: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3325A>G (p.Lys1109Glu)

      ClinVar: 492984 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/492984/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    6. C

      CaseC: 13 years diagnosis, Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Three affected relatives (5 possibly affected), Mother died 44 y with heart failure, Brother SCD 16 y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0005110 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Atrial fibrillation)

      HPOsFreeText: Maximum left ventricular hypertrophy at 20 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: Sudden cardiac death event

      CaseAddInfo: Heart transplant was required

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2156G>A (p.Arg719Gln)

      ClinVar: 14107 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14107/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      Multiple Gene Variants:

      MYBPC3 Variant

      Variant: NM_000256.3:c.818G>A (p.Arg273His)

      ClinVar: 161312 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/161312/

      gnomAD: Latino 2.275e-4, Overall 9.182e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-47369411-C-T

    7. CaseMYH7-41: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.611G>A (p.Arg204His)

      ClinVar: 43095 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43095/

      gnomAD: East Asian 5.012e-5, Overall 1.767e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23900998-C-T

    8. CaseMYH7-17: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2609G>A (p.Arg870His)

      ClinVar: 14120 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14120/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.549e-5, Overall 7.072e-6 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23894048-C-T

    9. CaseMYH7-7: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.4124A>G (p.Tyr1375Cys)

      ClinVar: 164293 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/164293/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    10. CaseMYH7-14: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2770G>A (p.Glu924Lys)

      ClinVar: 14092 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14092/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    11. CaseMYH7-38: Australia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Most participants underwent testing from the Illumina Cardiomyopathy Sequencing Panel, which includes 46 cardiomyopathy related genes. For others, whole exome sequencing or Sanger squencing was used. After the results were returned, variants were filtered for pathogenicity and rarity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1051A>G (p.Lys351Glu)

      ClinVar: 181335 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181335/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. Supplementary Material 4

      Case M-16: Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (HCM and DCM)

      CasePreviousTesting: Clinical evaluation, chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 8 sarcomeric genes amplified from genomic DNA via PCR then screened using bidirectional direct sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2156G>A (p.Arg719Gln)

      ClinVar: 14107, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14107/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Supplementary Material 4

      Case M-29: Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (HCM and DCM)

      CasePreviousTesting: Clinical evaluation, chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 8 sarcomeric genes amplified from genomic DNA via PCR then screened using bidirectional direct sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2803G>A (p.Glu935Lys)

      ClinVar: 14106, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14106/

      gnomAD: n/a

    3. Supplementary Material 4

      Case M-20: Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (HCM and DCM)

      CasePreviousTesting: Clinical evaluation, chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 8 sarcomeric genes amplified from genomic DNA via PCR then screened using bidirectional direct sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2221G>T (p.Gly741Trp)

      ClinVar: 177665, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177665/

      gnomAD: n/a

    4. Supplementary Material 4

      Case M-19: Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (HCM and DCM)

      CasePreviousTesting: Clinical evaluation, chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 8 sarcomeric genes amplified from genomic DNA via PCR then screened using bidirectional direct sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2221G>T (p.Gly741Trp)

      ClinVar: 177665, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177665/

      gnomAD: n/a

    5. Supplementary Material 4

      Case M-1: Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (HCM and DCM)

      CasePreviousTesting: Clinical evaluation, chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 8 sarcomeric genes amplified from genomic DNA via PCR then screened using bidirectional direct sequencing

      Variant 1: NM_000257.3:c.175G>A

      CAID: CA029319, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA029319

      gnomAD: 0.000007955, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23902767-C-T

      Variant 2: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.1357C>T (p.Arg453Cys)

      ClinVar: 14089, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14089/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. CasePT-110: United States

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001650, HP:0001658 (Aortic valve stenosis, Myocardial infarction)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo:


      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was collected from the participants using blood samples. 18 genes suspected on contributing to HCM were targeted and sequenced. The variants were then located and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.5326A>G (p.Ser1776Gly)

      ClinVar: 177629 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177629/

      gnomAD: East Asian 3.007e-4, Overall 4.595e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23884437-T-C


      Multiple Gene Variants:

      MYBPC3 Variant:

      Variant is reported as below, but the nucleotide sequence is incorrect. Unable to register

      Variant: NM_000256.3:c.76A>G (p.Ser236Gly)

    2. CasePT-99: United States

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001650, HP:0001658 (Aortic valve stenosis, Myocardial infarction)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo:


      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was collected from the participants using blood samples. 18 genes suspected on contributing to HCM were targeted and sequenced. The variants were then located and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.4199C>G (p.Ala1400Gly)

      ClinVar: 181248 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181248/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    3. CasePT-57: United States

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001650, HP:0001658 (Aortic valve stenosis, Myocardial infarction)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo:


      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was collected from the participants using blood samples. 18 genes suspected on contributing to HCM were targeted and sequenced. The variants were then located and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1231G>A (p.Val411Ile)

      ClinVar: 181339 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181339/

      gnomAD: Latino 5.643e-5, Overall 2.121e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23898464-C-T

    4. CasePT-42: United States

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001650, HP:0001658 (Aortic valve stenosis, Myocardial infarction)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: 2 other siblings share the same genotype


      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was collected from the participants using blood samples. 18 genes suspected on contributing to HCM were targeted and sequenced. The variants were then located and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.5317C>A (p.Gln1773Lys)

      ClinVar: 181277 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181277/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    5. CasePT-33: United States

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001650, HP:0001658 (Aortic valve stenosis, Myocardial infarction)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: PT-34 is the proband's sibling in Family 17 with the same genotype


      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was collected from the participants using blood samples. 18 genes suspected on contributing to HCM were targeted and sequenced. The variants were then located and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1615A>G (p.Met539Val)

      ClinVar: 181409 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181409/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    6. CasePT-31: United States

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001650, HP:0001658 (Aortic valve stenosis, Myocardial infarction)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: 1 other patient has the same genotype


      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was collected from the participants using blood samples. 18 genes suspected on contributing to HCM were targeted and sequenced. The variants were then located and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2761G>A (p.Glu921Lys)

      ClinVar: 181205 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181205/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. index case

      Case1: 42 year old male

      DiseaseAssertion:DCM and LVNC

      FamilyInfo: Same mutation in proband found in father, sister, and daughter

      CasePreviousTesting: Sanger sequencing of coding exons and flanking intronic regions of the main sarcomeric genes, including MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, ACTC, MYL2, MYL3 and TNNC.

      GenotypingMethod: NGS, Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.2146G>A

      ClinVar: 14105

      CAID: CA011770

      gnomAD: not found

    1. DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      VariantPreviousTesting: ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, CAV3, GLA, MYL2, MYL3, MYOZ2, PRKAG2, and TTR were all tested via NGS.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of the 760 HCM probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      VariantAddInfo: Seen in five HCM probands and one PanCM proband

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1750G>C (p.Gly584Arg)

      ClinVarID: 14090 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14090/

      gnomAD: 0.000008790, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23896932-C-G

    2. DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      VariantPreviousTesting: ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, CAV3, GLA, MYL2, MYL3, MYOZ2, PRKAG2, and TTR were all tested via NGS.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of the 760 HCM probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      VariantAddInfo: Seen in one proband

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1324C>T (p.Arg442Cys)

      ClinVarID: 177897 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177897/

      gnomAD: 0.00005012, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23898247-G-A

    3. DiseaseAssertion: None

      VariantPreviousTesting: Some combination of ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, ABCC9, CTF1, DES, EMD, LDB3, LMNA, MYH6, RBM20, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TTN, VCL, CAV3, GLA, MYL2, MYL3, MYOZ2, PRKAG2, TTR, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, JUP, PKP2, RYR2, TMEM43, CASQ2 and RYR2 were tested via NGS.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2890G>C (p.Val964Leu)

      ClinVar: 42938 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42938/

      gnomAD: 0.0008437, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23893148-C-G

    4. DiseaseAssertion: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

      VariantPreviousTesting: ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, ABCC9, CTF1, DES, EMD, LDB3, LMNA, MYH6, RBM20, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TTN, and VCL were all tested via NGS.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of the 74 DCM probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      VariantAddInfo: Seen in one DCM proband

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2711G>A (p.Arg904His)

      ClinVarID: 42926 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42926/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    5. DiseaseAssertion: Cardiomyopathy

      VariantPreviousTesting: ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, ABCC9, CTF1, DES, EMD, LDB3, LMNA, MYH6, RBM20, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TTN, VCL, CAV3, GLA, MYL2, MYL3, MYOZ2, PRKAG2, TTR, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, JUP, PKP2, RYR2, TMEM43, CASQ2 and RYR2 were all tested in the PanCM panel.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of the 305 PanCM probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      VariantAddInfo: Seen in one PanCM proband

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3157C>T (p.Arg1053Trp)

      ClinVar: 181382 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181382/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    6. DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      VariantPreviousTesting: ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, CAV3, GLA, MYL2, MYL3, MYOZ2, PRKAG2, and TTR were all tested via NGS.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of the 760 HCM probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      VariantAddInfo: Seen in one HCM probands

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.788T>C (p.Ile263Thr)

      ClinVar: 43106 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43106/

      gnomAD: 0.000008792, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23900635-A-G

    7. DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      VariantPreviousTesting: ACTC1, ACTN2, CSRP3, LAMP2, MYBPC3, MYH7, NEXN, PLN, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, CAV3, GLA, MYL2, MYL3, MYOZ2, PRKAG2, and TTR were all tested via NGS.

      VariantGenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing panels were used to sequence and read the genetic information of the 760 HCM probands for variants within exons and in +/- 10 nucleotides within the flanking introns of the genes provided above. These variants were then interpreted and filtered for pathogenicity.

      VariantAddInfo: Seen in one HCM proband

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2167C>T (p.Arg723Cys)

      ClinVarID: 14095 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14095/

      gnomAD: 0.00003266, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895023-G-A

    1. CaseMYH7-17: N/A

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: 3 other probands share this genotype

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Testing for all 8 sarcomeric genes, plus GLA, LAMP2, and PRKAG2 was initiated in all probands. After the direct sequencing, the variants were filtered for pathogenicity and classified.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1750G>C (p.Gly584Arg)

      ClinVar: 14090 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14090/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 8.790e-6, Overall 3.976e-6 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23896932-C-G

    2. CaseMYH7-14: N/A

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Testing for all 8 sarcomeric genes, plus GLA, LAMP2, and PRKAG2 was initiated in all probands. After the direct sequencing, the variants were filtered for pathogenicity and classified.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2167C>T (p.Arg723Cys)

      ClinVar: 14095 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14095/

      gnomAD: South Asian 3.266e-5, Overall 1.194e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895023-G-A

    3. CaseMYH7-3: N/A

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: 3 other probands share this genotype

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Testing for all 8 sarcomeric genes, plus GLA, LAMP2, and PRKAG2 was initiated in all probands. After the direct sequencing, the variants were filtered for pathogenicity and classified.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2717A>G (p.Asp906Gly)

      ClinVar: 14125 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14125/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 8.792e-6, Overall 3.977e-6 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23893321-T-C

    4. CaseMYH7-23: N/A

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Testing for all 8 sarcomeric genes, plus GLA, LAMP2, and PRKAG2 was initiated in all probands. After the direct sequencing, the variants were filtered for pathogenicity and classified.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1357C>T (p.Arg453Cys)

      ClinVar: 14089 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14089/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    5. CaseMYH7-27: N/A

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Testing for all 8 sarcomeric genes, plus GLA, LAMP2, and PRKAG2 was initiated in all probands. After the direct sequencing, the variants were filtered for pathogenicity and classified.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.505A>G (p.Arg169Gly)

      ClinVar: 177664 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177664/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. Supplementary Data, Table 2

      Case: Australian

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximum left ventricular wall thickness of ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: electrocardiography, echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood or buccal swabs, PCR, Sanger sequencing, segregation analysis, haplotype analysis of MYBPC3 and MYH7

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2087A>G (p.Asn696Ser)

      ClinVar: 181173, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/181173/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Supplementary Data, Table 2

      Case: Australian

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximum left ventricular wall thickness of ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: electrocardiography, echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood or buccal swabs, PCR, Sanger sequencing, segregation analysis, haplotype analysis of MYBPC3 and MYH7

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.1324C>T (p.Arg442Cys)

      ClinVar: 177897, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177897/

      gnomAD: 0.00002121, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23898247-G-A

    3. Supplementary Data, Table 2

      Case: Australian

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximum left ventricular wall thickness of ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: electrocardiography, echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood or buccal swabs, PCR, Sanger sequencing, segregation analysis, haplotype analysis of MYBPC3 and MYH7

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.1478T>A (p.Met493Lys)

      ClinVar: 192308, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/192308/

      gnomAD: n/a

    4. Supplementary Data, Table 2

      Case: Australian

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximum left ventricular wall thickness of ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: electrocardiography, echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood or buccal swabs, PCR, Sanger sequencing, segregation analysis, haplotype analysis of MYBPC3 and MYH7

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.1370T>C (p.Ile457Thr)

      ClinVar: 42840, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42840/

      gnomAD: 0.000003976, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23898201-A-G

    1. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2a

      Case:

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010316 (Ebstein anomaly)

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.847T>G (p.Tyr283Asp)

      ClinVar: 66081, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/66081/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Supplementary Data: Online Table 1a

      Case:

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001631, HP:0001629 (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Trisomy 21

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.976G>C (p.Ala326Pro)

      ClinVar: 43117, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43117/

      gnomAD: 0.00008846, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23899792-C-G

    3. Supplementary Data: Online Table 3

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2945T>C (p.Met982Thr)

      ClinVar: 42941, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42941/

      gnomAD: 0.0008484, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23892910-A-G

    4. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2a

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3113T>C

      CAID: CA257817954, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA257817954

      gnomAD: n/a

    5. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2a

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.715_717del

      CAID: CA913184869, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA913184869

      gnomAD: n/a

    6. Supplementary Data: Online Table 1a

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.798T>A

      CAID: CA389052023, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389052023

      gnomAD: n/a

    7. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2a

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.266A>G

      CAID: CA389053299, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389053299

      gnomAD: n/a

    8. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2b

      Case 3:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant 1: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2863G>A (p.Asp955Asn)

      ClinVar: 264608, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/264608/

      gnomAD: 0.000003976, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23893175-C-T

      Variant 2: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.1633G>A (p.Asp545Asn)

      ClinVar: 264607, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/264607/

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23897049-C-T

      variants asserted to be in cis

    9. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2a

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.4075C>T (p.Arg1359Cys)

      ClinVar: 178082, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/178082/

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23887513-G-A

    10. Supplementary Data: Online Table 3

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2453T>A

      CAID: CA389048376, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389048376

      gnomAD: n/a

    11. Supplementary Data: Online Table 1a

      Case:

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010316 (Ebstein anomaly)

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3113T>C

      CAID: CA257817954, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA257817954

      gnomAD: n/a

    12. Supplementary Data: Online Table 3

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.4377G>T (p.Lys1459Asn)

      ClinVar: 43012, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43012/

      gnomAD: 0.0002937, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23886504-C-A

    13. Supplementary Data: Online Table 2a

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.689T>C (p.Phe230Ser)

      ClinVar: 236543, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/263543/

      gnomAD: n/a

    14. Supplementary Data: Online Table 3

      Case:

      CasePreviousTesting: Full sarcomere testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CRYAB, CSRP3, DES, DMD, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LMNA, MYH6, MYPN, MYOZ1, MYOZ2, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SCN5A, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, VCL and LDB3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA isolated from peripheral blood, targeted enrichment, next-gen sequencing with panel of 46 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.644C>T

      CAID: CA389052345, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389052345

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. 14

      Case14: Male, 23 yrs onset, Slovakia

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Affected family members

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: 65% LV ejection fraction

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: ABCC9, ACTC1, ACTN2, ANKRD1, CASQ2, CAV3, CRYAB, CSRP3, CTF1, DES, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, DTNA, EMD, FHL2, GLA, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LDB3, LMNA, MYBPC3, MYH6, MYH7, MYL2, MYL3, MYLK2, MYOZ2, NEXN, PKP2, PLN, PRKAG2, RBM20, RYR2, SGCD, TAZ, TCAP, TMEM43, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, TPM1, TTN, TTR, VCL were all tested on NGS panel

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and samples were purified and amplified. The coding exons for the above genes were enriched and sequenced. The resulting variants were analyzed and filtered for predicted pathogenicity.

      CaseAddInfo: Variants are confirmed compound heterozygous

      Variant1: NM_000257.3:c.1025C>T (p.Thr342Ile)

      CAID: CA389051521 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389051521

      gnomAD: 0.000008791, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23899097-G-A

      Variant2: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1988G>A (p.Arg663His)

      ClinVar: 42875 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42875/

      gnomAD: 0.00003097, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23896042-C-T

    1. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 113: Spanish, 40yo, Male

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, Next-gen sequencing panels of 55 or 78 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.530C>G

      CAID: CA389052613, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389052613

      gnomAD: n/a

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) TNNT2 Variant:

      Variant: NM_001001430.2:c.101C>T

      CAID: CA088874, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA088874

      gnomAD: 0.00001193, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-201337322-G-A

    2. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 235: Spanish, 28yo, Female

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, Next-gen sequencing panels of 55 or 78 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2428T>C

      CAID: CA389048429, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389048429

      gnomAD: n/a

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) TTN Variant:

      Variant: NM_001256850.1(TTN):c.57107T>C (p.Ile19036Thr)

      ClinVar: 179416, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/179416/

      gnomAD: 0.00004835, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/2-179454422-A-G

    3. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 159: Spanish, 65yo, Female

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, Next-gen sequencing panels of 55 or 78 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2167C>T (p.Arg723Cys)

      ClinVar: 14095, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14095/

      gnomAD: 0.00001194, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895023-G-A

    4. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 11: Spanish, 27yo, Male

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, PCR, Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.5359G>C (p.Glu1787Gln)

      ClinVar: 427207, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/427207/

      gnomAD: n/a

    5. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 3: Spanish, 17yo, Male

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, PCR, Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.1207C>G (p.Arg403Gly)

      ClinVar: 505562, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/505562/

      gnomAD: n/a

    6. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 178: Spanish, 30yo, Female

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, Next-gen sequencing panels of 55 or 78 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.920C>G

      CAID: CA389051750, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389051750

      gnomAD: n/a

    7. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 157: Spanish, 71yo, Female

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, Next-gen sequencing panels of 55 or 78 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.5342G>A (p.Arg1781His)

      ClinVar: 43064, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43064/

      gnomAD: 0.00001767, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23884421-C-T

    8. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 5: Spanish, 7yo, Male

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, PCR, Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2146G>A (p.Gly716Arg)

      ClinVar: 14105, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14105/

      gnomAD: n/a

    9. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 232: Spanish, 32yo, Female

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, Next-gen sequencing panels of 55 or 78 genes

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2155C>T (p.Arg719Trp)

      ClinVar: 14104, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14104/

      gnomAD: 0.00003185, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895180-G-A

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) TNNT2 Variant:

      Variant: NM_000364.3(TNNT2):c.878G>A (p.Arg293His) listed in paper as c.857G>A (p.Arg286His)

      ClinVar: 43677, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43677/

      gnomAD: 0.00006936, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-201328348-C-T

      (2) ACTN2 Variant:

      Variant: NM_001103.3(ACTN2):c.1930G>A (p.Ala644Thr)

      ClinVar: 43920, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43920/

      gnomAD: 0.0001629, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-236917337-G-A

    10. Supplementary Data: S2 Table

      Case 6: Spanish, 54yo, Female

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePreviousTesting: Full Testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplementary data table S1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA obtained from blood or saliva, PCR, Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2389G>A (p.Ala797Thr)

      ClinVar: 42901, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42901/

      gnomAD: 0.00002386, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23894525-C-T

    1. CaseMYH7-3: Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0006685 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Endomyocardial fibrosis)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo:


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood from each proband. They each had 95 genes associated with DCM, HCM, and other inherited cardiovascular diseases sequenced with a panel, including both the exons and spicing regions. Variants were then filtered for rarity and pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2504A>C (p.Lys835Thr)

      CAID: CA389048271 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_000257.3%3Ac.2504A%3EC

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    2. CaseMYH7-10: Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0006685 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Endomyocardial fibrosis)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo:


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood from each proband. They each had 95 genes associated with DCM, HCM, and other inherited cardiovascular diseases sequenced with a panel, including both the exons and spicing regions. Variants were then filtered for rarity and pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.746G>A (p.Arg249Gln)

      ClinVar: 14088 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14088/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    3. CaseMYH7-2: Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0006685 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Endomyocardial fibrosis)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo:


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood from each proband. They each had 95 genes associated with DCM, HCM, and other inherited cardiovascular diseases sequenced with a panel, including both the exons and spicing regions. Variants were then filtered for rarity and pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2546T>C (p.Met849Thr)

      ClinVar: 42914 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42914/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. HCM439

      Case#: HCM439, male, 15 years,

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: Yes, father has HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: inverted T-waves, ST-segment depression, 22mm MLVWT, 64% LVE F, 1.21 E/A ratio, LVOT-PG 14mm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: sequencing, physical examination, ECG, 3D modeling, statistical analysis

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) Variant: absent (MYH7-G407C)

      ClinVar: absent

      CAID: CA389051099

      gnomAD: absent

      (2) Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.4348G>A (p.Asp1450Asn)

      ClinVar: 43009 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43009/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00002891 Latino/Admixed American https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23886717-C-T

    2. HCM516

      Case#: HCM516, male, 23 years,

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: Yes, father and mother has HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs: syncope, chest tightness (HP:0001279, HP:0031352)

      CaseHPOFreeText: inverted T-waves, ST-segment depression, 28mm MLVWT, 67% LVE F, 0.64 E/A ratio, LVOT-PG 44mm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: sequencing, physical examination, ECG, 3D modeling, statistical analysis

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2631G>A (p.Met877Ile)

      ClinVar: 955476 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/955476/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: absent

      (2) Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3134G>A (p.Arg1045His)

      ClinVar: 651054 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/651054/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: absent

    1. E

      FamilyE

      DiseaseAssertion: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC)

      FamilyInfo: Presenting LVNC, Identified rare, protein changing mutations in MYH7, none of which have been previously reported but all of which were predicted to be pathogenic with multiple in silico prediction algorithms

      GenotypingMethod: Whole exome sequencing analysis

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.2099A>G

      ClinVar: not found

      CAID: CA389049130

      gnomAD: not found

    1. Supplementary Data table 1

      Case:

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximal wall thickness (MWT) ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (TNNC1, CSRP3, TCAP, ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CAV3, CRYAB, CTNNA3, DES, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, FHL1, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LDB3, LMNA, MIB1, MYH6, MYOZ2, MYPN, NEXN, PKP2, PLN, PRDM16, PRKAG2, RBM20, SCN5A, TAZ, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, TTR, VCL), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: direct sequencing of all coding intron-exon boundaries of 12 genes (prior to 2012), next-generation sequencing (post 2012)

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2146G>A (p.Gly716Arg)

      ClinVarID: 14105, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14105/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Supplementary Data table 1

      Case:

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximal wall thickness (MWT) ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (TNNC1, CSRP3, TCAP, ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CAV3, CRYAB, CTNNA3, DES, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, FHL1, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LDB3, LMNA, MIB1, MYH6, MYOZ2, MYPN, NEXN, PKP2, PLN, PRDM16, PRKAG2, RBM20, SCN5A, TAZ, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, TTR, VCL), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: direct sequencing of all coding intron-exon boundaries of 12 genes (prior to 2012), next-generation sequencing (post 2012)

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2167C>T (p.Arg723Cys)

      ClinVar: 14095, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14095/

      gnomAD: 0.00001194, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895023-G-A

    3. Supplementary Data table 1

      Case:

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximal wall thickness (MWT) ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (TNNC1, CSRP3, TCAP, ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CAV3, CRYAB, CTNNA3, DES, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, FHL1, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LDB3, LMNA, MIB1, MYH6, MYOZ2, MYPN, NEXN, PKP2, PLN, PRDM16, PRKAG2, RBM20, SCN5A, TAZ, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, TTR, VCL), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: direct sequencing of all coding intron-exon boundaries of 12 genes (prior to 2012), next-generation sequencing (post 2012)

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.728G>A (p.Arg243His)

      ClinVar: 14126, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14126/

      gnomAD: 0.000007953, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23900798-C-T

    4. Supplementary Data table 1

      Case:

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximal wall thickness (MWT) ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (TNNC1, CSRP3, TCAP, ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CAV3, CRYAB, CTNNA3, DES, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, FHL1, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LDB3, LMNA, MIB1, MYH6, MYOZ2, MYPN, NEXN, PKP2, PLN, PRDM16, PRKAG2, RBM20, SCN5A, TAZ, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, TTR, VCL), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: direct sequencing of all coding intron-exon boundaries of 12 genes (prior to 2012), next-generation sequencing (post 2012)

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2221G>C (p.Gly741Arg)

      ClinVar: 14098, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14098/

      gnomAD: 0.00003185, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23894969-C-T

    5. Supplementary Data table 1

      Case:

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximal wall thickness (MWT) ≥15 mm

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (TNNC1, CSRP3, TCAP, ABCC9, ACTN2, ANKRD1, BAG3, CALR3, CAV3, CRYAB, CTNNA3, DES, DSC2, DSG2, DSP, EMD, FHL1, GLA, JPH2, JUP, LAMA4, LAMP2, LDB3, LMNA, MIB1, MYH6, MYOZ2, MYPN, NEXN, PKP2, PLN, PRDM16, PRKAG2, RBM20, SCN5A, TAZ, TMEM43, TNNC1, TTN, TTR, VCL), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: direct sequencing of all coding intron-exon boundaries of 12 genes (prior to 2012), next-generation sequencing (post 2012)

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2788G>A (p.Glu930Lys)

      ClinVar: 42933, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42933/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 258

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.958G>A (p.Val320Met)

      ClinVar: 161328 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/161328/

      gnomAD: 0.00006154, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23899810-C-T

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) FHL2 Variant

      Variant: NM_001450.3:c.476C>T (p.Ala159Val)

      CAID: CA347999492 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA347999492

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      (2) NEXN Variant

      Variant: NM_144573.3(NEXN):c.995A>C (p.Glu332Ala)

      ClinVar: 47915 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/47915/

      gnomAD: 0.01350, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-78395131-A-C

      (3) TMPO Variant

      Variant: NM_001032284.2:c.318T>A (p.Asp106Glu)

      CAID: CA6732167 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA6732167

      gnomAD: 0.0005880, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/12-98921702-T-A

    2. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 109

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3158G>A (p.Arg1053Gln)

      ClinVar: 155814 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/155814/

      gnomAD: 0.0006368, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23891476-C-T

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) LDB3 Variant

      Variant: NM_001171610.1:c.1394C>T (p.Ala465Val)

      CAID: CA5585146 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA5585146

      gnomAD: 0.001479, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/10-88476231-C-T

    3. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 320

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3158G>A (p.Arg1053Gln)

      ClinVar: 155814 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/155814/

      gnomAD: 0.0006368, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23891476-C-T

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) NEXN Variant

      Variant: NM_144573.3(NEXN):c.995A>C (p.Glu332Ala)

      ClinVar: 47915 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/47915/

      gnomAD: 0.01350, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-78395131-A-C

    4. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 49

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.4353+3G>T

      CAID: CA041823, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA041823

      gnomAD: 0.0002122, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23886709-C-A

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) DMD Variant

      Variant: NM_004006.2(DMD):c.2391T>G (p.Asn797Lys)

      ClinVar: 94510, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/94510/

      gnomAD: 0.006548, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/X-32509625-A-C

      (2) JUP Variant

      Variant: NM_002230.4(JUP):c.1942G>A (p.Val648Ile)

      ClinVar: 45842, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/45842/

      gnomAD: 0.007385, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-39913771-C-T

    5. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 374

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3250G>C (p.Asp1084His)

      CAID: CA389044579 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389044579

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) ABCC9 Variant

      Variant: NM_000256.3(MYBPC3):c.440C>T (p.Pro147Leu)

      CAID: CA6481647 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA6481647

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    6. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 100

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3158G>A (p.Arg1053Gln)

      ClinVar: 155814 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/155814/

      gnomAD: 0.0006368, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23891476-C-T

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) FBN1 Variant

      Variant: NM_000138.4(FBN1):c.3077T>C (p.Phe1026Ser)

      ClinVar: 199948 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/199948/

      gnomAD: 0.006608, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/15-48782053-A-G

    7. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 131

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant1: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.1816G>A (p.Val606Met)

      ClinVar: 14091 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14091/

      gnomAD: 0.00001548, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23896866-C-T

      Variant2: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3853+7C>T

      ClinVar: 42977 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42977/

      gnomAD: 0.003956, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23888685-G-A

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) GLA Variant

      Variant: NM_000169.2(GLA):c.427G>A (p.Ala143Thr)

      ClinVar: 10748 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/10748/

      gnomAD: 0.0009486, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/X-100656740-C-T

      (2) SCN5A Variant

      Variant: NM_001099404.1:c.3440C>A (p.Thr1147Asn)

      ClinVar: CA061831 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA061831

      gnomAD: 0.0001446, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-38618223-G-T

    8. Supplementary Data Table S3

      Case: 26

      DiseaseEntity: HCM

      HPOsFreeText: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) ≥15 mm

      InheritancePattern: n/a

      CasePreviousTesting: MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1 (59 genes total tested)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 59 genes (Supplemental Table S1), pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.3158G>A (p.Arg1053Gln)

      ClinVar: 155814, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/155814/

      gnomAD: 0.00006010, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23891476-C-T

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) FBN1 Variant

      Variant: NM_000138.4(FBN1):c.3077T>C (p.Phe1026Ser)

      ClinVar: 199948, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/199948/

      gnomAD: 0.0006449, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/15-48782053-A-G

      (2) SDHA Variant

      Variant: NM_004168.4(SDHA):c.1886A>T (p.Tyr629Phe)

      ClinVar: 224949, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/224949/

      gnomAD: 0.1547, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/5-254599-A-T

    1. DCM-19

      CaseDCM-19: Male, 5 year diagnosis, Caucasian, Germany

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644, HP:0001635 (Dilated cardiomyopathy, Heart failure)

      HPOsFreeText: LVEDD at 74 mm, LV-Ejection Fraction at 20%, Cardiac Index at 2.38

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: Proband treated with VAD and ICD, Sporadic family history of cardiac disease, Proband also has a variant in NEXN, Patient is heterozygous for MYH7 variant


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Using a Cardiomyopathy gene panel of 46 genes, the proband's DNA was screened for variants. Afterwards, the variants were classified based on pathogenicity and modeled using predictive software.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1106G>A (p.Arg369Gln)

      ClinVar: 42822 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42822/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD


      Multiple Gene Variants

      NEXN Variant

      Variant: NM_144573.3:c.1955A>G (p.Tyr652Cys)

      ClinVar: 326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/326/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 1.407e-4, Overall 7.859e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-78408441-A-G

    2. ARVC-02

      CaseARVC-02: Male, 35 year diagnosis, Caucasian, Germany

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011663, HP:0001635 (Right ventricular cardiomyopathy, Heart failure)

      HPOsFreeText: RVEDD at 61 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: Proband treated with HTx and ICD, Father died of cardiac issues, Brother has heart disease, Patient is heterozygous for MYH7 variant


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Using a Cardiomyopathy gene panel of 46 genes, the proband's DNA was screened for variants. Afterwards, the variants were classified based on pathogenicity and modeled using predictive software.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3715A>G (p.Ile1239Val)

      ClinVar: 265831 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/265831/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. Jun-49

      Case#: male, 19 yrs

      DiseaseAssertion:

      FamilyInfo: No apparent history or HCM or SCD

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: testing on rest of genes

      CaseGenotypingMethod: MYH7 specific

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2803G>A (p.Glu935Lys)

      ClinVar: 14106 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14106/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: absent

    1. Table V

      Case 902: Italian, Female, 25yo at onset

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001712, HP:0000821, HP:0006682, HP:0004756 (left ventricular hypertrophy, hypothyroidism, premature ventricular contractions, ventricular tachycardia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximum left ventricular wall thickness of ≥15 mm, LVWT = 19mm, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator, LV ejection fraction = 64%

      CasePreviousTesting: echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1), additional testing: (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2), additional genes added with NGS: (TNNC1, MYH6, MYOM1, MYOZ2, ANKRD1, VCL, CALR3, CAV3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral leukocytes, Sanger sequencing (73 samples), Next-gen sequencing (19 samples)

      Variant: NM_000256.3(MYBPC3):c.2507T>C (p.Met836Thr) written in paper as p.Ile836Thr

      ClinVar: 454315, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/454315/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. LC MS/MS identification of large structural proteins from bull muscle and their degradation products during post mortem storage

      PMID: 24360430

      Gene: MYH7

      HGNC: 7577

      "we used liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to identify all of the high molecular weight proteins and their degradation products during post mortem storage, in order to determine the changes of proteins in muscle during post mortem aging and its relationship with meat quality."

    1. N40

      Case N40: Tunisia, Female, 56yo at onset, deceased

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0100749, HP:0002094 (chest pain, dyspnea)

      CaseHPOFreeText: left ventricular septum (LVS) ≥15 mm, septum size = 20mm

      FamilyInfo: Family history of sudden cardiac death

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (FLNC, TNNC1), electrocardiogram, echocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: PCR, Next-generation sequencing, identified variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2213G>A

      CAID: CA389048899, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389048899

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. N29

      Case N29: Tunisia, Female, 60yo at onset, 61yo at study

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0100749, HP:0001962 (chest pain, palpitations)

      CaseHPOFreeText: left ventricular septum (LVS) ≥15 mm, septum size = 21mm

      FamilyInfo: no family history of HCM or sudden cardiac death

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (FLNC, TNNC1), electrocardiogram, echocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: PCR, Next-generation sequencing, identified variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2792A>C

      CAID: CA389047043, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389047043

      gnomAD: n/a

    3. N17

      Case N17: Tunisia, Male, 74yo at onset and study

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001962 (palpitations)

      CaseHPOFreeText: left ventricular septum (LVS) ≥15 mm, septum size = 17mm

      FamilyInfo: no family history of HCM or sudden cardiac death

      CasePreviousTesting: Full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), Additional testing (FLNC, TNNC1), electrocardiogram, echocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: PCR, Next-generation sequencing, identified variants confirmed via Sanger Sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3016G>A

      CAID: CA389045889, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389045889

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. CaseST4-89: Sweden

      DiseaseAssertion: Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644 (Dilated cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002140, HP:0000822, HP:0001654, HP:0030955, HP:0000819, HP:0002666, HP:0000845, HP:0000820 (Ischemic stroke, Hypertension, Valvular heart disease, Alcoholism, Diabetes mellitus, Pheochromocytoma, Acromegaly, Thyroid disease)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Patients were excluded for significant systemic infection, systemic diseases, previous cancer treatment including irradiation, and tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy or other primary cardiomyopathy.

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Supplemental Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from the patients. 41 exons of previously-reported genes that were reported in DCM patients were amplified and directly sequenced. Afterwards, the variants were aligned and sorted for pathogenicity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3286G>T (p.Asp1096Tyr)

      ClinVar: 42953 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42953/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 3.097e-4, Overall 1.414e-4 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23890217-C-A

    1. Clinical case.

      Case: Male, 4yo

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001324, HP:0001270, HP:0006830, HP:0003458, HP:0000467, HP:0003547, HP:0002650 (muscle weakness, delayed motor development, congenital hypotonia, Myopathic electromyogram, neck muscle weakness, shoulder girdle muscle weakness, scoliosis)

      HPOsFreeText: sporadic congenital muscle weakness, decreased cardiac pump function, perinatal encephalopathy, rolled over at 7mo, left ventricular dilation, normal total creatine phosphokinase, unspecified muscle atrophy shown in histological exam, signs of dropped head syndrome, gluteal and quadricep muscle weakness, axial weakness distribution. At 4yo: weight = 14kg, height = 104cm, ejection fraction = 56%, able to walk if head is supported, preserved emotional and intellectual development

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002098, HP:0002015, HP:0001635 (breathing difficulties, dysphagia, heart failure)

      DiseaseEntity: DCM

      InheritancePattern: not specified

      FamilyInformation: family not consanguineous, no history of progressive muscular disorders or cardiomyopathy, pedigree in Fig. 1

      CasePreviousTesting: WES

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA extracted from white blood cells of proband and parents, WES, confirmed findings in proband, parents and siblings via PCR-based bidirectional Sanger sequencing, abnormal MYH7 transcript confirmed in vivo by RT-PCR, paternity and maternity confirmed by multiplex STR typing of 15 loci

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.5655+5G>C, confirmed de novo by parental testing

      No ClinVar or CAID

    1. KMP 1

      Case KMP 1: Eastern Slovakia, Female, 39yo

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: no family history

      CaseHPOFreeText: left ventricular ejection fraction = 60%, New York Heart Association Classification I,

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: left ventricular outflow tract obstruction

      CasePreviousTesting: 12-lead ECG, echocardiography, partial testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, NEBL, SCN5A, TNNI3, TNNT2)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA collected from peripheral blood leukocytes, Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2845G>A (p.Glu949Lys)

      ClinVar: 14093, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14093/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. KMP7

      Case KMP 7: Eastern Slovakia, Male, 36yo

      DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: no family history

      CaseHPOFreeText: left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, left ventricular ejection fraction = 60%

      CasePreviousTesting: 12-lead ECG, echocardiography, partial testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, NEBL, SCN5A, TNNI3, TNNT2)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA collected from peripheral blood leukocytes, Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2845G>A (p.Glu949Lys)

      ClinVar: 14093, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14093/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. 6

      Case#: 6, female, 45 yr at onset, 66 yr at diagnosis

      DiseaseAssertion: Myopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0100595, HP:0003202, HP:0003715, HP:0100301 (Camptocormia, skeletal muscle atrophy, myofibrillar myopathy, muscle fiber tubular inclusions)

      CaseHPOFreeText: muscle atrophy specifically paraspinal, no clinical signs of the atrophy

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0003701, HP:0000508, HP:0000602, HP:0002015 (proximal muscle weakness, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, dysphagia)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No ALS, MG, or Parkinson's disease

      CasePreviousTesting: spinal cord imaging, EMG, deltoid muscle, repetitive nerve stimulation, intravenous Prostigmin therapeutic text, screening for anti-ancetylcholine receptor and anti-muscle specific kinase antibodies, left deltoid muscle biopsy

      CaseGenotypingMethod: N/A

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.5329G>A (p.Ala1777Thr)

      ClinVar: 177697 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177697/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0001316 (European/non-Finnish) https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23884434-C-T

    1. CaseCM1855: Male, 14 years diagnosis, Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001939 (Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Neuromuscular disease, Malformation syndromes

      CaseAddInfo: No family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden death, Proband found in Supplementary Table 2, Variant is asserted as novel


      CasePreviousTesting: 8 patients with HCM and one with RCM were analyzed by NGS for the eight sarcomere-encoding genes and MYP.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands were subject to PCR amplification and direct sequencing of 64 cardiomyopathy-associated genes, including the eight sarcomere-encoding genes. The variants were then filtered for rarity and tested for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1617G>A (p.Met539Ile)

      CAID: CA389050189 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_000257.3%3Ac.1617G%3EA

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    2. CaseCM1827: Female, 0 years diagnosis, Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001939 (Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Neuromuscular disease, Malformation syndromes

      CaseAddInfo: No family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden death, Proband found in Supplementary Table 2, Mother tested negative for this variant


      CasePreviousTesting: 8 patients with HCM and one with RCM were analyzed by NGS for the eight sarcomere-encoding genes and MYP.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands were subject to PCR amplification and direct sequencing of 64 cardiomyopathy-associated genes, including the eight sarcomere-encoding genes. The variants were then filtered for rarity and tested for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2608C>T (p.Arg870Cys)

      ClinVar: 161326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/161326/

      gnomAD: Ashkenazi Jewish 9.923e-5, Overall 2.386e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23894049-G-A


      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) MYBPC3 Variant

      Variant: NM_000256.3:c.2285T>A (p.Val762Asp)

      CAID: CA380320183 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_000256.3%3Ac.2285T%3EA

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    3. CaseCM1852: Male, 6 years diagnosis, Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001939 (Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Neuromuscular disease, Malformation syndromes

      CaseAddInfo: No family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden death, Proband found in Supplementary Table 2, Variant reported as novel


      CasePreviousTesting: 8 patients with HCM and one with RCM were analyzed by NGS for the eight sarcomere-encoding genes and MYP.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands were subject to PCR amplification and direct sequencing of 64 cardiomyopathy-associated genes, including the eight sarcomere-encoding genes. The variants were then filtered for rarity and tested for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2444A>C (p.Gln815Pro)

      CAID: CA389048400 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_000257.3%3Ac.2444A%3EC

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD


      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) MYH6 Variant

      Variant: NM_002471.3:c.3249G>T (p.Lys1083Asn)

      CAID: CA389007516 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_002471.3%3Ac.3249G%3ET

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    4. CaseCM1414: Male, 12 years diagnosis, Japan, Asian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001939 (Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Neuromuscular disease, Malformation syndromes

      CaseAddInfo: No family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden death, Proband found in Supplementary Table 2


      CasePreviousTesting: 8 patients with HCM and one with RCM were analyzed by NGS for the eight sarcomere-encoding genes and MYP.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands were subject to PCR amplification and direct sequencing of 64 cardiomyopathy-associated genes, including the eight sarcomere-encoding genes. The variants were then filtered for rarity and tested for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1358G>A (p.Arg453His)

      ClinVar: 42838 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42838/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. proband

      Case22: 14 year old male, gen III

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: Chinese, 4 additional family members present MYH7 mutation

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0012378, HP:0002094

      "Fatigue, Dyspnea"

      CasePreviousTesting: exom sequencing MYH7, ACTC, CSRP3, TNNC1, MYH6, VCL, MYOZ2, JPH2, PLN, CALR2, and NEXN

      GenotypingMethod: whole exome sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.1219G>T

      ClinVar: not found

      CAID: CA389051099

      gnomAD: not found

    1. Case390: Male, Birth onset, Japan, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Left ventricular noncompaction

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030682, HP:0025169 (Left ventricular noncompaction, Left ventricular systolic dysfunction)

      HPOsFreeText: Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction at 43.5%, LVDD-Z score at 3.3833

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0011675, HP:0001635 (Arrhythmia, Heart failure)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Congenital heart disease with significant hemodynamic changes

      CaseAddInfo: No family history


      CasePreviousTesting: Genes tested include the 8 sarcomere genes as well as 65 more listed in Table S1.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood from each of the probands. Next Generation Sequencing of 73 genes related to cardiac function was performed, incorporating PCR amplification, and any variants found were subjected to filtering for frequency and pathogenicity. Any variants suggested to be pathogenic were confirmed by Sanger sequencing afterwards.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.5740G>A (p.Glu1914Lys)

      ClinVar: 43088 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43088/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. 3

      Case3: Male, 37 years report, Netherlands

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011663, HP:0011675, HP:0001279, HP:0005135, HP:0001707, HP:0004308 (Right ventricular cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmia, Syncope, Abnormal T-wave, Abnormality of the right ventricle, Ventricular arrhythmia)

      HPOsFreeText: Positive EPS inducibility

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0001635, HP:0001711 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Congestive heart failure, Abnormality of the left ventricle)

      NotHPOsFreeText: ECG Depolarization abnormality, Cardiac transplant

      CaseAddInfo:


      CasePreviousTesting: No variants were in any of DSP, PKP2, DSG2, DSC2, and JUP. Patients were tested for variants in ACTC1, MYBPC3, MYH7, MYL2, MYL3, TNNC1, TNNI3, TNNT2, and TPM1.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: 92 patients underwent panel sequencing of the specific genes listed above, and 45 were subject to Whole Exome Sequencing to locate variants. Afterwards, all variants were verified by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing and filtered for pathogenicity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.5536C>T (p.Arg1846Cys)

      ClinVar: 161321 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/161321/

      gnomAD: East Asian 5.441e-5, Overall 1.208e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23884227-G-A

    1. HCM4.1

      CaseHCM4.1: Mixed ancestry

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000819 (Diabetes mellitus)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: See Table 1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was extracted from the probands' blood, followed by sequencing of the coding regions and exon/intron boundaries of 15 genes associated with HCM. From there, they were amplified by PCR ampliication and variants were filtered by pathogenicity. Every unclassified variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing afterwards.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2282C>A (p.Thr761Asn)

      ClinVar: 546292 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/546292/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. Mutation that causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy increases force production in human β-cardiac myosin

      PMID: 23852727

      Gene: MYH7

      HGNC: 7577

      "So, how do we stop a genetic heartbreaker like R453C? The identification of a biochemical and biophysical phenotype is the first step. Now that we know that this mutation causes a subtle decrease in ATPase cycling and an increase in force production by changing the stiffness of the myosin motor domain, we can investigate how these changes affect heart function and development."

    1. I-2

      Case I-2: Female, 66yo, suspected to be the founder of the variant

      DiseaseAssertion: Left ventricular hypertrophy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001635 (heart failure)

      CaseHPOFreeText: suspected double-chambered left ventricle

      CasePreviousTesting: same as proband

      CaseGenotypingMethod: segregation analysis using the results from Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.998A>T

      CAID: CA389051586, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389051586

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. II-5

      Case II-5: Female, 35yo

      DiseaseAssertion: Left ventricular hypertrophy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003388, HP:0001712 (fatigability, left ventricular hypertrophy)

      CaseHPOFreeText: double-chambered left ventricle, normal thickness of septum and left ventricular wall, 2 chamber of left ventricle have 14.2mm diameter of communication and they both contract normally, left ventricle ventricle end-diastolic diameter = 59.9mm, left ventricular ejection fraction = 50%

      CasePreviousTesting: same as proband

      CaseGenotypingMethod: WES, segregation analysis using the results from Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.998A>T

      CAID: CA389051586, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389051586

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. Supplementary Data: Table 2

      Case 2:

      DiseaseAssertion: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644 (dilated cardiomyopathy)

      CasePreviousTesting: 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, exercise test and 24-hour (or 48-hour) Holter monitoring, cardiac MRI, full testing (MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, MYL2, MYL3, TPM1, ACTC1), additional testing listed in supplemental table 2

      CaseGenotypingMethod: WES, Cytoscan HD SNP array (performed on proband, 3 additional carriers, and parents)

      Variant - maternal: NM_000257.2(MYH7):c.5754C>R (p.Asn1918Lys)

      ClinVar: 66082, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/66082/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Supplementary Data: Table 2

      Case M:

      DiseaseAssertion: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644 (dilated cardiomyopathy)

      CasePreviousTesting: 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, exercise test and 24-hour (or 48-hour) Holter monitoring, cardiac MRI, partial testing (MYH7, MYBPC3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood, initially analyzed via Sanger Sequencing then by next-generation sequencing using targeted gene panels, variant pathogenicity assed using in silico prediction tools, Haplotype analysis was performed using 16 microsatellite markers around MYH7 (DNA from the 14 probands was analysed, and DNA samples of 6 family members carrying the mutation were used to verify the phase and reconstruct the haplotype Supplementary Data: Table 1)

      Variant: NM_000257.2(MYH7):c.5754C>R (p.Asn1918Lys)

      ClinVar: 66082, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/66082/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. II-1

      CaseBII-1: Female, 64 years diagnosis, Italy, Caucasian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: See Figure 1

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005110, HP:0001639, HP:0004756, HP:0001712, HP:0005135, HP:0002094, HP:0001962, HP:0006682, HP:0001279, HP:0000821 (Atrial fibrillation, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Ventricular tachycardia, Left ventricular hypertrophy, Abnormal T-wave, Dyspnea, Palpitations, Premature ventricular contractions, Syncope, Hypothyroidism)

      HPOsFreeText: Widespread septal and apical late gadolinium enhancement, Max Left ventricular wall thickness of 20 mm, Left atrium diameter of 54 mm, Left ventricular ejection fraction of 56%, Apical aneurism, Latent tuberculosis

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The ACM proband from Family B was genotyped for PKP2, DSP, DSC2, DSG2, JUP and CTNNA3; the HCM patient from Family B was genotyped for MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNI3 and TNNT2.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: All patients in Family B were directly sequenced according to the found variants in CTNNA3 and MYH7. These variants were filtered for pathogenicity and prevalence and classified accordingly.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2631G>T (p.Met877Ile)

      ClinVar: 417718 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/417718/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    2. II-7

      CaseBII-7: Male, 50 years diagnosis, Italy, Caucasian

      DiseaseAssertion: Borderline Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: See Figure 1

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005133, HP:0006683 (Right ventricular dilatation, Abnormal ventricular filling)

      HPOsFreeText: LVWT of 12 mm with an abnormal filling pattern, Mild right ventricular dilatation of 30  mm, Left atrium diameter at 45 mm, 62% ejection fraction

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0003115 (Abnormal ECG)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The ACM proband from Family B was genotyped for PKP2, DSP, DSC2, DSG2, JUP and CTNNA3; the HCM patient from Family B was genotyped for MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNI3 and TNNT2.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: All patients in Family B were directly sequenced according to the found variants in CTNNA3 and MYH7. These variants were filtered for pathogenicity and prevalence and classified accordingly.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2631G>T (p.Met877Ile)

      ClinVar: 417718 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/417718/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      Multiple Gene Variants

      CTNNA3 Variant:

      Variant: NM_013266.3:c.2296_2298delTTG (p.Leu766del)

      ClinVar: 100657 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/100657/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. The discovery in 1990 that a point mutation at residue 403 (R403Q) in the β-myosin heavy chain (MHC) caused a severe form of FHC was the first of many demonstrations linking FHC to mutations in muscle proteins. A mouse model for FHC has been widely used to study the mechanochemical properties of mutated cardiac myosin, but mouse hearts express α-MHC, whereas the ventricles of larger mammals express predominantly β-MHC. To address the role of the isoform backbone on function, we generated a transgenic mouse in which the endogenous α-MHC was partially replaced with transgenically encoded β-MHC or α-MHC. A His6 tag was cloned at the N terminus, along with R403Q, to facilitate isolation of myosin subfragment 1 (S1).

      We find in agreement with earlier studies that the R403Q mutation in a mouse α-MHC backbone results in a gain of function, a model that has been widely accepted as the primary cause leading to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, we find that this enhancement does not extend to the R403Q mutation in a mouse β-MHC backbone. Our results do not necessarily imply a universal mechanism for FHC mutations in the β-myosin heavy chain.

      NM_000257.4:c.1208G>A (p.Arg403Gln)

    1. Pedigree 6

      Case: Pedigree 6 proband, 4yo at diagnosis

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644, HP:0001657, HP:0001290, HP:0002033, HP:0001712, HP:0025169, HP:0001657 (dilated cardiomyopathy, prolonged QT interval, generalized hypotonia, poor suck, left ventricular hypertrophy, Left ventricular systolic dysfunction, prolonged QT interval)

      HPOsFreeText: skeletal involvement, clinical severity: moderate to mild, bork at 39 weeks gestation, required tube feeding from 1wk-2yo, head lag, able to exert antigravity movements of her biceps, iliopsoas, and quadriceps, wiggle her fingers and toes, able to pedal her tricycle independently, globular left ventricle, end‐diastolic dimension: 3.14 cm, z‐score: 3.9, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, fractional shortening of 25%, left ventricular EF of 46%

      Skeletal muscle biopsy showed increased variations in fiber size with scattered small, round fibers, acceptable sarcomeric organization and striation with occasional fibers showing a spectrum of focal myofibrillary disorganization and irregular thickening of Z‐bands, absence of type 1 fibers, hypertrophy of type 2 fibers, normal motor and sensory responses of the left upper and lower limb muscles, small amplitude and short duration polyphasic motor units with early recruitment

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009830, HP:0006802 (neuropathy, Abnormal anterior horn cell morphology)

      CasePreviousTesting: sequencing of four genes associated with CFTD (SEPN1, TPM3, ACTA1, RYR1) were normal

      CaseGenotyping: karyotype, chromosomal microarray, MYH7 sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.5655+1G>A

      CAID: CA389034770, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389034770

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. Case report

      Case1: 7-year-old girl

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: clinical history was negative. Unable to obtain clinical information on first-degree relatives. Both parents carried MYH7 mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0025490, HP:0100598

      "Myocardial bridging, Pulmonary edema"

      CaseHPOFreeText: In the last weeks, patient had frequently been visited by a pediatrician to treat seasonal allergies. Full-body CT-scan was performed to exclude abuse or trauma and did not show any anomaly. The heart (weight: 240 g, longitudinal diameter: 11 cm, transverse diameter: 10 cm, thickness of the anterior wall of the right ventricle: 0·3 cm, thickness of the left ventricle: 1·0 cm) did not reveal morphologic or structural anomalies of ventricular walls and valves. The coronary circulation was right-dominant and presented myocardial bridging (length: 1·1 cm, thickness: 0·5 cm) involving the middle segment of the left anterior descending coronary artery. No other significant elements were found upon macroscopic observation, with the exception of pulmonary edema. Histopathological examination showed patchy interstitial fibrosis, myocyte disarray and waving of the myofibers in the tissue surrounding the tunneled artery. Several areas of interstitial and subendocardic fibrosis in the other samples of the left ventricular myocardium were also observed.

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: The low value of serum tryptase (6·12 µg/L) excluded a fatal anaphylaxis. Toxicology tests were negative. NGS analysis used a custom resequencing panel which included 147 genes associated with cardiomyopathies and channelopathies. Authors identified five rare genetic variants in heterozygous state (Table 4).

      GenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from postmortem whole blood of the proband. Whole blood samples of the proband mother, father and sister were obtained to extract genomic DNA and thus to perform Sanger sequencing to analyze the segregation of each genetic variant identified by NGS. Authors performed Sanger sequencing on the DNA extracted from the mother, the father and the sister of the proband. The father carried both variants identified in the DPP6 gene, whereas the mother carried the rare variants identified in MYH7, SCN2B and NOTCH1. The sister carried all the genetic variants.

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.2585C>T

      ClinVar: 36636

      CAID: CA012680

      gnomAD: https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23894072-G-A

      0.00008014 African/African-American

    1. Table 4. Clinical characteristic and outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with double mutations

      Case1: Female, 74 years old

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: family history negative for HC and SCD

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001962

      "Palpitations"

      CaseHPOFreeText: Age 25 at diagnosis, double heterozygote

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: Genomic DNA of peripheral blood was harvested from all subjects and their family members. The sequence of all coding sequences (exon 2-39 of MYH7, exon 1-35 of MYBPC3, exon 2-17 of TNNT2) for selected genes was studied by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and direct sequencing. Maximal LVWT 21.3 mm

      GenotypingMethod: Direct sequencing of MYH7

      VariantMYH7: NM_000257.4:c.77C>T

      ClinVar: 37375

      CAID: CA016817

      gnomAD: https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23902865-G-A

      0.006515 East Asian

      VariantMYBPC3: NM_000256.3:c.1000G>A

      ClinVar: 177902

      CAID: CA009667

      gnomAD: https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-47367848-C-T

      0.003338 East Asian

    1. Table 5

      Case EO21: Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM (early-onset)

      FamilyInfo: positive family history

      CasePreviousTesting: echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1), additional testing: (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2, TNNC1, MYH6, CSPR3, PLN, TCAP, CAV3), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA extracted from periphera whole blood, emulsion PCR, 17 HCM genes sequenced using Personal Genome Machine (PGM) IonTorrent sequencer, variants confirmed via Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2539_2541delAAG (p.Lys847del)

      ClinVar: 42913, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42913/

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. Table 5

      Case EO2: Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM (early-onset)

      FamilyInfo: positive family history

      CasePreviousTesting: echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1), additional testing: (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2, TNNC1, MYH6, CSPR3, PLN, TCAP, CAV3), electrocardiography

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA extracted from periphera whole blood, emulsion PCR, 17 HCM genes sequenced using Personal Genome Machine (PGM) IonTorrent sequencer, variants confirmed via Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2156G>A (p.Arg719Gln)

      ClinVar: 14107, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14107/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. 4

      Case#: 4

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0032092, HP:0031656, HP:0025168, HP:0004756 (LV outflow tract obstruction, systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, diastolic dysfunction, ventricular tachycardia)

      CaseHPOFReeText: preserved ejection fraction (EF >60%)

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.598G>C

      ClinVar: not found

      CAID: CA389052453

      gnomAD: not reported

    1. 3

      Case3: Male, 24 yrs onset, China, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: 62 yr old mother and 37 yr old sister carry both the variants but do not have ACM phenotype (See Figure 3)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001638, HP:0011675, HP:0004756, HP:0006682, HP:0025074, HP:0001279, HP:0001645 (Cardiomyopathy, Arrhythmia, Ventricular tachycardia, Ventricular extrasystoles, Abnormal QRS complex, Syncope, Sudden cardiac death)

      HPOsFreeText: Task force score of 6, Regional right ventricular dyskinesia, PLAX RVOT is 36 mm, 59,065 VES / 24 h, LVEF of 58%, LVEDD at 46 mm, IVS at 8 mm, Epsilon wave in V1–3

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0001711 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Abnormal morphology of the left ventricle)

      NotHPOsFreeText: Repolarization abnormalities

      CasePreviousTesting: Tested genes include MYH7, MYBPC3, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, ACTC1, TTN, TCAP, ACTN2, LDB3, MYH6, TNNC1, MYPN and NEBL.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The coding sequences of 15 genes were directly captured and sequenced. Candidate variants were then filtered by pathogenicity and confirmed via sanger sequencing. Family members were tested via Sanger sequencing afterwards.

      CaseAddInfo: Proband is heterozygous for both variants

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.3134G>A (p.Arg1045His)

      CAID: CA035801 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000257.3%3Ac.3134G%3EA

      gnomAD: 0.0002005, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23891500-C-T

      Multiple Gene Variants

      (1) PKP2 Variant

      Variant: NM_004572.3:c.2146delA (p.Met716Cysfs*30)

      CAID: CA915940300 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA915940300

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. 32

      CaseIV: Brazil, Caucasian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Family history of HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001712, HP:0001639 (Left ventricular hypertrophy, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: Cosegregation confirmed, one other proband (X) has the same genotype, Late sudden death

      CasePreviousTesting: Only MYH7, MYBPC3, and TNNT2 were tested.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and the above genes were subject to PCR amplification and directly sequenced. The resulting sequences were compared with the reference and filtered for pathogenicity.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.4402G>A (p.Glu1468Lys)

      ClinVar: 235033 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/235033/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. 6

      Case6: Female, 28 years diagnosis, China, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0001667, HP:0006682 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Premature ventricular contractions)

      HPOsFreeText: 1 SCD risk factor, NYHA class is I, Right ventricular wall thickness 15 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002092, HP:0001642, HP:0030680 (Pulmonary arterial hypertension, Pulmonary stenosis, Congenital heart disease)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands' genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. WES was performed, with the resulting sequence data mapped to a reference genome and variants filtered for pathogenicity and predicted effects. All variants identified were confirmed via Sanger sequencing of the respective genes.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2167C>T (p.Arg723Cys)

      ClinVar: 14095 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14095/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD


      MultipleGeneVariants:

      MYBPC3 Variant:

      Unknown Variant

      Variant: MYBPC3-E334K

      ClinVar: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

    2. 2

      Case2: Male, 43 years diagnosis, China, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0001667, HP:0005110 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Atrial fibrillation)

      HPOsFreeText: 0 SCD risk factors, NYHA class is II, Right ventricular wall thickness 14.9 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002092, HP:0001642, HP:0030680 (Pulmonary arterial hypertension, Pulmonary stenosis, Congenital heart disease)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands' genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. WES was performed, with the resulting sequence data mapped to a reference genome and variants filtered for pathogenicity and predicted effects. All variants identified were confirmed via Sanger sequencing of the respective genes.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2123G>C (p.Gly708Ala)

      ClinVar: 42882 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42882/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD


      MultipleGeneVariants:

      MYBPC3 Variant:

      Variant: NM_000256.3:c.1000G>A (p.Glu334Lys)

      ClinVar: 177902 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/177902/

      gnomAD: East Asian 3.338e-3, Overall 2.368e-4 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-47367848-C-T


      **TTN Variant

      Unknown Variant

      Variant: TTN-E23808K

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A


      ACTN2 Variant

      Unknown Variant

      Variant: ACTN2-P32fs

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A


      DSC2 Variant

      Unknown Variant, as 3 possible mutations can be responsible for this protein change

      Variant: DSC2-S574R

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A


      LAMA4 Variant

      Unknown Variant

      Variant: LAMA4-L1040P

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A


      SYNEC2 Variant

      Unknown Variant, as 3 possible mutations can be responsible for this protein change

      Variant: SYNE2-W5861C

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

    1. proband’s nephew (Fig 1, III.1) was diagnosed with HCM at 17 years

      Case III-1: Italian, Male, diagnosed at 17yo

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText: interventricular septal and/or posterior wall thickness in end-diastole ≥15 mm, treated with beta-blockers

      CasePreviousTesting: M-mode-2D and color-Doppler study to analyze cardiac chamber dimensions, global systolic and diastolic function, valve and great arteries anomalies, echocardiography,

      CaseGenotypingMethod: exon 23 and flanking regionals analyzed via Sanger Sequencing, Variants found via exome sequencing tested for segregation in family by Sanger sequencing on an ABI PRISM 3130 DNA sequencer

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2795T>A

      CAID: CA389047028, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA389047028

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. Genotype-Related Clinical Characteristics and Myocardial Fibrosis and Their Association with Prognosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      PMID: 32492895

      Gene: MYH7

      HGNC: 7577

      "The objectives of this study were to assess the spectrum of genetic variants and genotype–phenotype relationships within a Korean HCM population. Methods: Eighty-nine consecutive unrelated HCM patients were included. All patients underwent genotypic analysis for 23 HCM-associated genes. Clinical parameters including echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters were evaluated. A composite of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events was assessed. Results: Genetic variants were detected in 55 of 89 subjects. Pathogenic variants or likely pathogenic variants were identified in 27 of HCM patients in MYBPC3, TNNI3, MYH7, and MYL7."

    1. Case13: Male, 57 years diagnosis, China, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0100749 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Chest pain)

      HPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Probands were only genotyped for MYH7 and MYBPC3 in that order, stopping once a positive finding was detected.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. Each gene's coding exons and flanking introns were subject to PCR amplification and sequencing. From there, any variants found were filtered for pathogenicity and low frequencies.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1987C>T (p.Arg663Cys)

      ClinVar: 42874 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42874/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. The proband

      CaseIII-15: Male, 47 years report, China, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: 25 people from 74 family members were positively identified for having HCM, Some of them only carried a single variant while others carried multiple, Many other family members died from sudden cardiac death at various ages

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0031352 ( Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Chest tightness)

      HPOsFreeText: Left atrial diameter at 38 mm, Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter at 52 mm, Interventricular septum thickness maximum at 20 mm, Left ventricular posterior wall thickness maximum at 8 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: All below variants are heterozygous with the wild-type

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The above family members, along with IV:14 to serve as a control to compare to, were processed through Whole Exome Sequencing. Any variants found were mapped and filtered for pathogenicity, and any that were detected were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.2155C>T (p.Arg719Trp)

      ClinVar: 14104 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/14104/

      gnomAD: European (Non-Finnish) 6.481e-5, Overall 3.185e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23895180-G-A

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) MYOZ2 Mutation

      Variant: NM_016599.4:c.505A>C (p.Lys169Gln)

      CAID: CA16609625 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_016599.4%3Ac.505A%3EC

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      (2) DNAJC19 Mutation

      Variant: NM_145261.3:c.59G>A (p.Arg20His)

      ClinVar: 466328 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/466328/

      gnomAD: South Asian 4.246e-4, Overall 5.304e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-180705881-C-T

      (3) CTNNA3 Mutation

      Variant: NM_001127384.2:c.2441T>A (p.Leu814Ter)

      CAID: CA377089103 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_013266.3%3Ac.2441T%3EA

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. proband

      Case#: II:1, 36 yrs, male

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: Yes, mother (62 yr) also has HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs: Syncope, mitral regurgiation (HP:0001279, HP:0001653)

      CaseHPOFreeText: left ventricular wall thickness 19.2m, small width of flow beam 2.5mm

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: left ventricle diameter, no abnormalities in motion of left ventricular wall (16 points), no echo or blood flow, normal morphology

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: cdfi, ultrasound, whole-exome sequencing, pedigree analyses, in silico anaylsis,

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.2207T>C (p.Ile736Thr)

      ClinVar: 164342 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/164342/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: absent

    1. older patient (index patient)

      Case1: 44 year old male

      DiseaseAssertion: Dilated cardiomyopathy

      FamilyInfo: Affected brother, two sisters and both parents unaffected, parents denied consanguinity and were assumed to be second cousins

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003704, HP:0009060, HP:0000218, HP:0000276, HP:0000819, HP:0003691

      "Scapuloperoneal weakness, scapular muscle atrophy, high palate, long face, Diabetes mellitus, Scapular winging

      CaseHPOFreeText: decreased cardiac systolic function, clinical symptoms of cardiac failure at 44 years old, left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, exertional dyspnoea, ymmetrical wasting of the sternocleidomastoideus, trapezius, supraspinatus, pectoralis, deltoid, triceps, biceps, paravertebral and tibialis muscles at age 56

      CasePreviousTesting:

      GenotypingMethod: genome scan using 730,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Sequence analysis for the last four MYH7 exons

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.5458C>T

      ClinVar: 181282

      CAID: CA016126

      gnomAD: https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23884305-G-A

      0.00008011 African

    1. IV-8

      Case IV-8: Female, Iranian, 36yo

      DiseaseAssertion: DCM

      FamilyInfo: consanguineous family, pedigree in fig. 1

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005162 (left ventricular dysfunction)

      CaseHPOFreeText: New York Heart Association Class = I, left ventricular ejection fraction = 60%, left ventricular internal end-diastolic diameter = 5.0cm, left ventricular internal end-systolic diameter = 3.1cm, interventricular septum = 0.7cm, posterior wall = 0.7cm, normal sinus rhythm, Normal heart valve function

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Ischemic heart disease

      CasePreviousTesting: ECG

      CaseGenotypingMethod: co-segregation analysis via Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2863G>A (p.Asp955Asn)

      ClinVar: 264608, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/264608/

      gnomAD: 0.000003976, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23893175-C-T

    2. III-10

      Case III-10: Female, Iranian, 60yo

      DiseaseAssertion: DCM

      FamilyInfo: consanguineous family, pedigree in fig. 1

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001653, HP:0011713, HP:0005162, HP:0005185, HP:0002375 (mitral regurgitation, left bundle branch block, left ventricular dysfunction, systolic dysfunction, hypokinesia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: New York Heart Association Class = II, left ventricular ejection fraction = 15-20%, left ventricular internal end-diastolic diameter = 5.6cm, left ventricular internal end-systolic diameter = 4.3cm, interventricular septum = 0.7cm, posterior wall = 0.6cm, Normal heart valve function, grade II diastolic dysfunction

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Ischemic heart disease

      CasePreviousTesting: ECG

      CaseGenotypingMethod: co-segregation analysis via Sanger sequencing

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2863G>A (p.Asp955Asn)

      ClinVar: 264608, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/264608/

      gnomAD: 0.000003976, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/14-23893175-C-T

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) TNNT2 Variant:

      Variant: NM_000364.3(TNNT2):c.247A>C (p.Asn83His)

      ClinVar: 427814, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/427814/

      gnomAD: n/a

    1. Case 1—Index

      Case1: infant female

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: History of HCM on paternal side including grandmother, two great uncles and great grandfather of proband

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0200048, HP:0200128

      "Cyanotic episodes, Biventricular hypertrophy"

      CaseHPOFreeText: persistently cyanotic with oxygen saturation 76 % in room air, supplemental oxygen led to only mild improvement, hypertrophied interventricular septum, severe concentric biventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular (LV) cavity mid-cavitary narrowing

      GenotypingMethod: Biomarker testing

      Variant: NM_000257.4:c.5254G>A

      ClinVar: 181395

      CAID: CA015809

      gnomAD: not found

    1. CaseMYH7-1:

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

      HPOsFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      NotHPOsFreeText:

      CaseAddInfo:


      CasePreviousTesting: All sarcomeric genes were tested in each proband. The probands were tested upon diagnosis, so no record of the method used is provided.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Each variant was classified for pathogenicity and rarity.


      Variant: NM_000257.3:c.1013T>A (p.Val338Glu)

      ClinVar: 492983 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/492983/

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

    1. One patient, a 78-year-old man with a MYH7 mutation (c.5186_5188del) and normal cardiac assessment, had four family members (two sons, one daughter, and one nephew) who were diagnosed with the same MYH7 mutation and had ICDs implanted (two sons after cardiac arrest and the two remaining patients for primary prevention). Unfortunately, we have no available cardiac data for these patients.

      Case: Male, 78yo

      FamilyInfo: 2 sons, 1 daughter, and 1 nephew also diagnosed with same MYH7 variant and had ICDs implanted

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001324, HP:0003388 (muscle weakness, fatigability)

      HPOsFreeText: congenital myopathy, normal cardiac assessment

      CasePreviousTesting: ACTA1, BIN1, DNM2, MYH7, MTM1, NEB, RYR1, SCN4A, SEPN1, TPM2, TPM3

      CaseGenotypingMethod: PCR amplification of exons of genes investigated and Sanger sequencing or NGS

      Variant: NM_000257.4(MYH7):c.5177_5179AGA[3] (p.Lys1729del)

      ClinVar: 42096, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/42096/

      gnomAD: absent

    1. Determining pathogenicity of genetic variants in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: importance of periodic reassessment

      PMID: 24113344

      Gene: MYH7

      HGNC: 7577

      This study sought to reassess single-nucleotide variant classification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy probands. a total of 136 unrelated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy probands had genetic testing, of which 63 (46%) carried at least one pathogenic mutation. MYBPC3 (n = 34; 47%) and MYH7 (n = 23; 32%)

    1. PMID: 23143947

      PatientID: DII2

      KindredID: D

      Case: M, 37Y0M (deceased), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: A 3-generation family is given with 3 confirmed members with this mutation. 2 other members had VHL-presenations however had not been tested for the gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: died of multiple central nervous system hemangioblastoma at the age of 37 without operation.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0005584 (pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic cysts, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC) [assumed]

      LegacyVariant: p.F76del (c.439delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: No genetic testing was done prior to death, however family history and presentation leads to this assumption

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic tumor or cyst (unspecified).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 8634692

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: c.437_439del

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.437_439del and mapped to c.224_226del which is equivalent to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion; deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. IVS1+1G>A Splice Germline mutation

      PatientID: 37

      KindredID: 37

      Case: Age, sex, ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.340+1G>A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223190 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223190/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.340+1G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. in seven of the asymptomatic family members.

      PatientID: II-7

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Turkish

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: 17 family members from three generations were examined with the c.445G>T mutation and diagnosed with VHL type 2B. 11 individuals had clinical manifestations and 6 were asymptomatic carriers. One additional member (II-9) had passed before testing however were likely a carrier of the mutation. This patient’s 3 siblings had the mutation, one of her children, and more. See Fig. 1 for full family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: None - described as a carrier of the p.A149S mutation, with no clinical manifestations. Their asymptomatic work up could have been due to the individual's young age

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.A149S (c.445G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 127829 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/127829/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: A149S (c.445G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 8M–IVS2c.464-1G > T138–––38, M384

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 8

      Case: M, 38Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Thirteen unrelated patients with germline VHL mutations who were diagnosed with VHL disease were evaluated.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0001737; HP:0000107; HP:0002172; HP:0001288 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cyst, Postural instability, Gait disturbance)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 38Y, this patient showed mild imbalance with gait difficulty. MRI of the brain revealed a cystic mass in the cerebellum, which was pathologically found to be hemangioblastoma. When this patient underwent CT, which included the pancreas and kidney, multiple pancreatic cysts and renal cysts were found. Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.464-1G>T

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223221, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223221/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 1255NCI

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the National Cancer Institute database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 1255NCI. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151; 9829911

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.W88R (c.262T>A)

      LegacyVariant: p.W88R (c.475T>A)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 456577 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/456577/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: W88R (c.262T>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      Germline mutational data on VHL was gathered from various countries to assess variation in germline mutations that produce disease within different populations. Families were grouped according to three possible outcomes of disease: renal cell carcinoma without pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma with pheochromocytoma, or pheochromocytoma alone. SSCP and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis identified mutations in 300/469 (63%) of families affected with VHL. This germline familial VHL mutation (R82_V84del (c.243_251del)) was taken from the Cambridge, Department of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 35CA. It was reported in the paper as c.456delRVV due to a difference in transcript reference. As reported in Table 3, this mutation is found in VHL families without pheochromocytoma, and with renal cell carcinoma.

    3. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      Germline mutational data on VHL was gathered from various countries to assess variation in germline mutations that produce disease within different populations. Families were grouped according to three possible outcomes of disease: renal cell carcinoma without pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma with pheochromocytoma, or pheochromocytoma alone. SSCP and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis identified mutations in 300/469 (63%) of families affected with VHL. This germline familial VHL mutation (V62fs (c.180delG)) was taken from the National Cancer Institute database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 3563NCI. It was reported in the paper as c.393delG due to a difference in transcript reference. As reported in Table 3, this mutation is found in VHL family without pheochromocytoma, and with renal cell carcinoma. Later publications reference this cohort as being reported in PMIDs: 7728151 and 9829911.

    4. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      Germline mutational data on VHL was gathered from various countries to assess variation in germline mutations that produce disease within different populations. Families were grouped according to three possible outcomes of disease: renal cell carcinoma without pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma with pheochromocytoma, or pheochromocytoma alone. SSCP and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis identified mutations in 300/469 (63%) of families affected with VHL. This germline familial VHL mutation (L178Q (c.533T>A)) was taken from the Munich, university of Freiburg and Institute of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 29CE. It was reported in the paper as c.746T>A due to a difference in transcript reference. As reported in Table 4, this mutation is found in VHL families with pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, including renal cell carcinoma, however not detailed here.

    5. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 51CA

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Cambridge, Department of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 51CA. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.E94* (c.280G>T)

      LegacyVariant: E94* (c.493G>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 584477 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/584477/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This paper declares this variant is predicted to compromise the Elongin-binding site by truncating the protein.

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: E94* (c.280G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    6. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 4389NCI, 1YO, 34CA

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the National Cancer Institute database, the Department of Uroglogy, Yokohama database, and the Cambridge, Department of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 4389NCI, 1YO, 34CA. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78H (c.232A>C)

      LegacyVariant: p.N78H (c.445A>C)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625225/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: N78H (c.232A>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: Carrier 11 (father to proband 7)

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: Father, mother and sister (all relative to proband 7) had this variant. Both father and sister were asymptomatic. Proband and mother presented with unilateral PCC.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P138Afs*6 (c.410dup)

      LegacyVariant: 623insTTTGTtG

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA432421860, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.410dup

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: The VHL NM_000551.3 reference sequence surrounding nucleotide 410 is a TTTGTG sequence, where the 4th T is at position 410, which converts to nucleotide 623 in the legacy reference sequence (AF010238.1). Therefore it is assumed that the authors reported their insertion variant in the legacy nomenclature and this was mapped to p.Pro138Alafs*6 (c.410dup) in NM_000551.3.

      MutationType: insertion; plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: P138fs (c.410dup)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The patient's age suggested familial disease, and testing for genes associated with phaeochromocytoma was conducted. Germ line mutation analysis of the three exons of the VHL gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. A missense mutation c.308C>A (p.Pro103His), not previously reported, was detected in exon 1 (Fig. 3). Figure 3Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Electropherograms showing germ line von Hippel Lindau (VHL) sequence for normal control (a) and patient (b) as described with VHL exon 1 mutation, c.308C>A. At codon 103, the sequencing trace for the normal control (a) reads CCT (proline) but in the patient (b), the mutant allele reads CAT (histidine).

      A case report revealed a 12Y Pacific Island boy with bilateral pheochromocytoma at age 10Y. Genetic analysis of 3 exons of the VHL gene revealed a germline VHL mutation (p.Pro103His). The mother was screened for VHL genetic mutations and the same mutation was found. The mother was not screened for VHL symptoms at the time of paper publication. ACMG: PP4

    1. GroupID: 15

      Case: 23Y0M, Sex Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 1 of the 573 patients discussed in this paper were found to have this variant. This mutation was found in 1 VHL family with a single patient.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0006880 (retinal capillary hemangioma; cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had retinal angiomas at 21Y and cerebellar hemangioblastomas diagnosed at 23Y

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma; pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.F91* (c.272_273delinsAA)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: c.272T>A and c.273C>A results in c.272_273delinsAA

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: CA2499307077 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA2499307077

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: delins; stop_gained

      CivicName: F91* (c.272_273delinsAA)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Genotype-phenotype correlations of 573 VHL patients from 200 kindreds were analyzed and confirmed that higher risk of pheochromocytoma is associated with missense mutations that result in substitution of a surface amino acid or that disrupt the structural integrity of the VHL gene product (pVHL). Age-related risks of retinal hemangoblastomas and renal cell carcinoma were higher in patients with nonsense or frameshift mutations. Southern blot and/or MLPA analysis by whole blood detected this mutation (c.164_165insG) which causes a frameshift and truncation allele. It was recorded here in 1 VHL family with 10 affected members. 7 had retinal angiomas, 3 has cerebellar hemangioblatomas, 2 had RCC and 3 had pheochromocytomas.

    1. We describe five families for which direct sequencing of the coding region of the VHL gene had failed to identify the family-specific mutation. Further molecular analysis revealed deletions involving the VHL gene in each of these families.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Exons 1, 2, and 3 of the VHL gene and their immediately flanking sequences were amplified by PCR, by using oligonucleotides. The flanking sequences included 90 nucleotides upstream of the second start codon in exon 1 and 45 nucleotides downstream of the stop codon in exon 3. Amplification products were purified and subjected to automated sequence analysis on an ABI 377. The amplification primers were used as primers in the sequencing reactions. Screening for structural rearrangements, including gross deletions, was performed by Southern blot analysis. FISH analysis demonstrated the deletion of the entire VHL gene.

      SamplingMethod: peripheral blood

    1. Somatic 1a 1 c.163delG Stop at V66 Known 

      PatientID: HGB-25

      KindredID: 6

      Case: Sex Unknown, 61Y0M, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive VHL family history.

      CohortInfo: The patient cohort consisted of 57 patients (26 male and 31 female) from Southern Italy, most of whom (55 of 57) presented with solitary HGB of the CNS: 6 were syndromic and 51 were apparently sporadic.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a single cerebellar hemangioblastoma that was diagnosed at age 53.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29941223

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.E55Rfs*12 (c.163delG)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID:428800 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428800/?new_evidence=false

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType:minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName:CivicName:P25L(c.74C>T)andD126Rfs*6(c.375_376insA)andE55Rfs(c.163delG)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Somatic, VHL, c.375insA (Asn131Ter) Germline, VHL, c.74C>T (p.Pro25Leu)

    1. 2 (100)

      GroupID: 13

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: These 2 patients with a R161* (c.481C>T) mutation had retinal capillary hemangiomas. Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2217, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL (n = 10)

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 10

      Case: M, 23Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma

      FamilyInfo: No family information provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient is a white 23Y0M male diagnosed with either pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: See table s3 for patient-related information.

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2223, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. only one patient, with an atypical clinical presentation, had an aberrant pattern in exon 3 which upon DNA sequencing was shown to harbor a G to A transversion mutation at nucleotide 695. All patients had normal RET exon 10, 11 and 16 DGGE migration patterns.

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 34Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: None - Neither the symptoms nor a family history of VHL disease were found in the patient.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002668; HP:0002666 (bilateral metachronous pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The first tumor occurred at age 13 and the second at age 34 (inferred from Table 1 as this was the only case with a bilateral metachronous).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161Q (c.482G>A)

      LegacyVariant: R161Q (c.695G>A)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182983 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182983/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R161Q (c.482G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Case I:2 (the proband’s mother)

      PatientID: I:2

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Case III:1 (this patients daughter) was a 32 year old female who complained of blurred vision for the past 2 years in her left eye. Fundus examinations showed several retinal hemangioblastomas in the temporal area of the left eye. They had previously undergone the operation for cerebellar hemangioblastoma 3 years prior. Case III:2 (this patient’s grandson) was a 6 year old male who had fundus examination that revealed a very small hemangioblastoma in the distant peripheral retina of his right eye, while his left eye was normal. Case III:2 (this patient’s granddaughter) was a 12 year old female whose fundus examinations revealed a small hemangioblastoma in the infratemporal region of the peripheral retina in her right eye. A sizeable hemangioblastoma with 2.5 papilla diameters and prominant feeder vessels were detected in the inferior peripheral retina of her left eye

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: had blindness in one eye and died of renal carcinoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.W117R (c.349T>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753664 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.349T%3EA

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_transversion

      CivicName: W117R (c.349T>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 5

      PatientID: III-3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: In the patient’s 12 member Chinese family, 7 members were found to carry the NM_000551.3:c.114delC mutation. Five had manifestations of CNS hemangioblastoma, and three of the five were deceased. The other two members found to carry the mutation were asymptomatic, although the paper states that this is likely due to their young age.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient suffered from progressive severe neck pain and numbness of the left arm for 6 months. The patient was initially treated with opioids and antiinflammatory medications and wore rigid neck collars. Despite intense conservative therapy, the patient experienced inadequate pain relief and underwent resection of CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G39Afs*28(c.114delC)

      LegacyVariant: p.G39Afs*28(c.327delC)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA2573047816, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_canonicalid?canonicalid=CA2573047816

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: G39Afs(c.114delC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1 France c.533T>C p.Leu178Pro

      GroupID: 34

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Unknown. 1 registrant was found with this variant; no family info was mentioned

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L178P (c.533T>C)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428795 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428795/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: L178P (c.533T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 128 (Second cousin)

      KindredID: 18

      Case: M, 52Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 11 members of this family tested positive for the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. 14 members of this family were assumed to carry this variant due to family history/personal medical history. Members of this family range from asymptomatic to multi-organ involvement (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts/tumors and hemangioblastomas). The family was previously reported in PMID 3942913.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with pheochromocytoma (11Y). Age of diagnosis for retinal angioma is unknown.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 3942913 (some members of this family are previously reported (phenotypes only) but unable to match patients across papers with confidence)

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Authors state that the c.712C>T germline familial variant of the VHL gene in this patient is “inferred from the family”. No genetic testing was done on this patient to confirm this. Being that this familial variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: N/A

      CivicName: N/A

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None (Proband)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 49Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Her daughter and son both had the same VHL gene mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0008261, HP:0005584, HP:0006737, HP:0100561 (Pancreatic islet cell adenoma, renal cell carcinoma, Extraadrenal pheochromocytoma, spinal cord lesion )

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient was screened for disease manifestations. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) showed pancreatic and renal masses and a para-aortic mass. At laparotomy a benign islet cell tumor, an encapsulated renal cell carcinoma of low nuclear grade and an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma were removed. At 27 months postoperatively the patient presented with back pain and clinical signs of spinal cord compression at the T9 level. No other primary tumors could be detected despite extensive radiological investigation. Intravertebral biopsy demonstrated metastatic renal cell cancer. The spinal lesion did not respond to radiotherapy. The patient died 31 months after diagnosis and postmortem examination was declined.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P86L (c.257C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182977, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182977/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P86L (c.257C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 237

      KindredID: 89

      Case: F, 46Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with renal cell carcinoma at age 46.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: c.642+70C>T

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 900551, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/900551/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: 3'UTR alteration (c.*70C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 31

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 4

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 4 members of this family were found to harbor the c.531_532ins18 germline variant of the VHL gene. Member 2656 had unknown renal involvement. Members 2511, 4325, 2744 and 2668 presented with mild renal disease (RCC). Members 2588, 2746 and 4630 presented with moderate renal disease (RCC). Members 2060 and 2279 presented with severe renal disease (RCC). Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral). Severe renal disease (any solid lesion before 25 years of age, five or more solid lesions within one or two kidneys, or metastasis of renal cell carcinoma).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Paper states that this family is previously reported in PMID 9829912, where 3 individuals with this mutation are reported. It is unclear which of the previously reported individuals corresponds to which individuals of the current family.

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.L178_D179insRVKPEL (c.531_532insCTGAGAGTAAAGCCTGAA)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA2573130363, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA2573130363

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant is reported in the current manuscript as “c.531_532ins18” and as “c.531_532insCTGAGAGTAAAGCCTGAA” in the previously published PMID 9829912.

      MutationType: inframe_insertion

      CivicName: L178_D179insRVKPEL (c.531_532insCTGAGAGTAAAGCCTGAA)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 193

      KindredID: 193

      Case: Sex Unknown, 27Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive family history but no details provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS and retinal hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0006770; HP:0000107; HP:0001732 (Pheochromocytoma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Renal cyst, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished:N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: Partial Deletion (7.5kb)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: Partial deletion of 7.5kb

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Details of the specific mutation for each VHL patient, together with the physical characteristics of patients and control participants, are given in Supplemental Table S1.

      PatientID: 4

      KindredID: 4

      Case: F, 53Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Free from any associated neoplasia at the time of the study and no other medical disorders.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Table S1 (FormentiF VHLHIF2 SuppData1.pdf)

      Variant: p.S111N (c.332G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223186, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223186/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: S111N (c.332G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. F5

      PatientID: None (Sister 2)

      KindredID: F5

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.340+694_340+711dup

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 816686, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/816686/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: duplication; splice_site_variant

      CivicName: c.340+694_340+711dup

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 4 Missense p.(Asn78Ser) 1 0

      GroupID: 4

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      Group size: 1

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      Group Info: Retrospective analysis of a longitudinal cohort of 21 VHL germline mutation carriers and retinal haemangioblastomas. All patients were categorized in two genotypic categories: missense mutations and truncating mutations. 

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: The patient presented with retinal capillary hemangioma.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Chr3(GRCh37): g.10183764A>G

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 24Exon 3 deletion (8.5 kb abnormal band on QSA)*

      GroupID/ KindredID: 24

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Polish

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Familial VHL stated; 2 family members recorded with this deletion.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Both (2) patients had hemangioblastomas, and RCC, and 1 had retinal capillary hemangioma

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 3 deletion

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: Patients were both found with an Exon 3 deletion (and 8.5 kb abnormal band on QSA)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: exon_loss_variant

      CivicName: Exon 3 Deletion

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. II3(Cb01)−++−+

      PatientID: II3(Cb01)

      KindredID: C

      Case: F, 34Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s father (I-2) presented with hemangioblastoma and possessed the same exon 2 deletion. The patient’s two siblings also possessed the deletion. The sister (II-1) had hemangioblastoma, while the other sibling (II-5) had hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst, and clear cell renal carcinoma. The patient and her two siblings each had a child and all possessed the same deletion, but did not exhibit phenotypes (Please see Figure 1. Family C matches with Pedigree B).

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009919; HP:0002666; HP:0001737 (Retinoblastoma; Pheochromocytoma; Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with Retinoblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and pancreatic cystic disease.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0010797 (Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: Exon 2 Deletion

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: large fragment deletion in exon 2

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as GRCh37 chr3:10188300ATATCACACTGCCA>T in paper

      MutationType: minus_2_frameshift_variant; deletion

      CivicName: Exon 2 (deletion)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Genomic DNA was extracted using standard procedures. All VHL coding regions were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. PCR products were sequenced in an automated ABI Prism 3700 sequencer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). The following oligonucleotides were used: exons 1, forward 5′-CTAGCCTCGCCTCCGTTAC-3′ and reverse 5′-GTCACCCTGGATGTGTCCTG-3′; exon 2, forward 5′-TTAGCCAGGACGGTCTTGAT-3′ and reverse 5′- CGTACAAATACATCACTTCCATT -3′; and exon 3, forward 5′-TACTACAGAGGCATGAACACC-3′ and reverse 5′- CCCCTAAACATCACAATGC -3′.In the patients with clinical VHL diagnosis but without pathogenic coding variants detected by Sanger, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed to investigate large deletions. MLPA was performed as previously described using the SALSA® MLPA® P016 VHL probe mix (MRC-Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands) [14]. This probe mix contains 29 probes with amplification products between 166 and 427 nucleotides: nine probes for the VHL gene (two or more probes for each exon); six probes for genes located close to VHL (FANCD2, BRK1/C3orf10/HSPC300, IRAK2, and GHRL); and 12 reference probes detecting sequences on other chromosomes. PCR product underwent capillary electrophoresis on an ABI Prism 310 Genetic Analyzer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Data analysis was performed with Genescan 3.7 (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Dosage quotient areas outside the range of 0.70 to 1.3 were considered abnormal.

      ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

      GenotypingMethod: Sanger sequencing and PCR

      SamplingMethod: N/A

    1. GroupID: 11

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: VHL family found to have a germline rearrangement of the VHL gene. The number of family members included in this study is not specified.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients within this family were found to have a clinical diagnosis of VHL disease, however, the presenting phenotypes were not specified.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G93_Y98del (c.277_294del)

      LegacyVariant: c.488_490del18bp

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA891843321, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.275_292del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.488_90del18bp and mapped to c.275_292del (equivalent to c.277_294del).

      MutationType: deletion; inframe_deletion

      CivicName: G93_Y98del (c.275_292del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A