10,000 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2026
    1. If you feel somewhat confident about what you need to include in your writing assignment, bring your completed outline and/or the first draft of your paper together with your assignment sheet. Tutors can also review your final draft before its submission to your professor.

      make sure you are always analyzing your work before submission.

    2. Set due dates for the stage of your writing process, for example when you would like to pick a topic and complete your rough draft.

      Start at the beginning of the week and plan to give yourself more time to make quality work.

    3. waiting until the night before the due date, writing until far past her bedtime, getting only three hours of sleep, and turning in the assignment. That is not an effective writing process!

      Dont procrastinate!

    1. In this pioneering synthesis of existing research using athree-level meta-analysis, we found a significant, moderatepositive correlation between CM and PSU. Furthermore, weobserved that as age increases, the harm caused by physicaland sexual abuse appears to decrease, although this age-related effect was not observed for other forms ofmaltreatment.

      The conclusion found that there is a positive correlation between CM and PSU. Increase in age found that CM's decrease.

    2. Our meta-analysis facednotable sampling limitations that impacted both internaland external validity. The included studies exhibited signif-icant variability in sample sizes, ranging from 208 to 16,212participants, which may have introduced random error intoour pooled estimates (Rumpf et al., 2019). This substantialheterogeneity in sample characteristics likely led to system-atic variations in observed effects, highlighting howdemographic and contextual factors shape the manifestationof behavioral addiction.The representativeness of our findings is further limitedby the predominance of university student

      This identifies the limitations within the research. Some to include sampling.

    3. Our meta-analysis summarized the features of the51 studies. These studies collectively encompassed 74,672individuals, ave

      This identifies the specific study type and it identifies how many studies were included.

    4. The sample sizes in our study varied, ranging from 227 to16,216 participants. The majority of the samples were drawnfrom student populations: 22 studies focused on college stu-dents, 14 focused on middle school students, 5 focused onhigh school students, and the remaining 10 studies involvedJournal of Behavioral Addictions 14 (2025) 2, 644–659 649

      This identifies the participants within the study.

    5. Given the significant influenceof the family environment, our study specifically examineshow family-related predisposing variables shape problemati

      Familial involvement is important for growth and development, how engaged individuals are and to what degree the engagement exist influences the impact of technological use.

    6. While thesedevices enhance our ability to work, connect socially, and access entertainment, theirexcessive use is associated with several physical and mental health challenges. These includevisual impairment, sleep disturbances, and workplace distractions

      Although cell phone usage has proven to be helpful, it has led to many challenges, especially among youth.

    Annotators

    1. Along these lines, avoid the other common trick of adding unnecessary words just to lengthen the essay out to the required number of pages. Instead always look for ways to state your point of view more succinctly. You can do this by using a term that implies several others.

      this will help me to learn how to lengthen my essay.

    2. Each one would use different language and syntax to describe the concept, and as each student makes individual choices in language and syntax over a period of time, their readers will eventually associate those choices with particular writers — their unique writing accumulates to create an authorial voice.

      Finding your voce as writer takes time.

    3. you update your status on a social networking site with the awareness of who will digitally follow the post. If you want to brag about a good grade, you may write the post to please family members

      This is an example of knowing your audience

    1. Sephora. Rather than visiting their local drugstore to grab inexpensive, questionable quality cosmetics or heading to a department store to visit high-end makeup counters, customers shopping at Sephora encounter fun in-store environments that encourage them to play with the products, which include both store brands and Page 162famous names. Unlike competing beauty retailers, Sephora also provides customized experiences for each customer. In its TIP (Teach, Inspire, Play) stores, customers can use augmented reality tools to try on makeup products virtually and identify the most flattering shades for them to purchase and wear.4 For customers who want a more high-touch experience, Sephora’s Beauty Advisors provide personalized consultations and makeup classes in select retail locations.

      Sephora sets itself apart as it provides a fun and interactive shopping experience as opposed to just being a makeup store. As opposed to other drugstores or regular department stores, Sephora encourages customers to come and try out the products and learn about both the new brands as well as the established ones. Through its TIP stores, Sephora allows customers to try out the products virtually and see which colors would look best on them through the use of augmented reality. Sephora also offers customers personalized help from Beauty Advisors, showing how Sephora differentiates itself through customization.

    2. A retail strategy indicates how a retailer will deal effectively with its environment, customers, and competitors.2 As the retail management decision-making process (discussed in Chapter 1) indicates, the retail strategy (Section II) is the bridge between understanding the world of retailing (Section I) and more tactical merchandise management and store operations activities (Sections III and IV) undertaken to implement the retail strategy. The first part of this chapter defines the term retail strategy and discusses three important elements of retail strategy: (1) the target market segment, (2) the retail format, and (3) the retailer’s bases of sustainable competitive advantage. Then we outline approaches that retailers use to build a sustainable competitive advantage. After reviewing the various growth opportunities, including international expansion, that retailers can pursue, the chapter concludes with a discussion of the strategic retail planning process.

      Retail strategy is essentially the game plan that a retailer adopts in order to be successful. It describes how the business will react to the environment, how it will satisfy the needs of the customers, and how it will differentiate itself from other retailers. It links the overall understanding of retailing to the operational decisions such as merchandise and store operations. A retail strategy has three key components: target market, retail format, and competitive advantage.

    1. The ̈Song about Life in Virginia" shows the life of a female servant who feels unending misery and physical exhaustion. The song highlights the back-breaking field work of the female servant, where she and other females were to perform various tasks inside and outside. Women were playing hard physical roles which caused the physical exhaustion. They experienced hunger and poor substances and were physically deprived. In the article she said, ̈Instead of drinking beer I drink water clear. ̈ Which makes her skin pale and wan. She also experiences harsh living conditions. She expressed that instead of laying somewhere peaceful she was sleeping on a bed of woe and straw where spiders daily wait on her. The servant prefers to describe herself as a slave. In the article she says, ̈no rest ̈ and explains how she must obey her master dame. In the article she says, ̈If my Dame says go,I dare not say no. ̈ Indicating she must take orders. Throughout the song she uses the repetitive refrain, ̈weary, weary, weary. O. ̈ which shows her exhaustion of being held captive as a slave in Virginia. She concludes her warning to other mains to stay at home in England where they can stay safe and free.

    1. THE THIRD charge against the House of Representatives is, that it will be taken from that class of citizens which will have least sympathy with the mass of the people, and be most likely to aim at an ambitious sacrifice of the many to the aggrandizement of the few.

      This is exactly what has ended up happening.

    1. Even the most well-meaning of anti-racist allies will have blind spots and make grave miscalculations on matters concerning the well-being of people of color.

      As discussed in Module 1, macropractitioners are community organizers and look beyond 1 person or 1 group of people and they look at all of the gaps that affect the population of people they are working with. Expecting an organization that is dominated by white administrators to advocate appropriately for oppressed groups of people is unreasonable, as they can not understand all aspects of the challenges clients are faced with.

    2. Due to historical racism and systemic inequalities, the majority of “disadvantaged communities” are predominantly lower-income black and brown citizens, who have little social capital and little financial security. The nonprofit industry rakes in billions of dollars annually off the creation of programs and services designed with this demographic in mind.

      This statement is very true but Roxbury Ma. was so successful because the residents knew better then to allow business people from outside the community come in and tell them what should be done. Che and other community members saved Roxbury by implementing macro social principles and including the community in the redevelopment of the town.

    3. Who will be measuring the extent of this so-called commitment, how long is it expected to take, and what will be implemented based on the findings? Often, these fundamental questions are left up to the very same white leaders of the entity, who eagerly take credit for what is only a PR statement and not real change.

      These statements regarding the little progress made in wage equality and equal representation was discussed in module 3 in the You Tube video Democracy in the Workplace. The video reminds us of the growth of corporations and capitalism in the 1970's, leaving workers behind, particularly people of color. As productivity grew salaries did not. Little compasion was shown for workers, this article highlights that this remains the same.

    4. To illustrate this point, take the response of certain nonprofits to the NYC mayor’s call for more diversity within the sector.

      Reisch (2014) notes that to create change to develop solutions we need to have new leaders, encourage community involvement to ensure better equality, which is what is being highlighted in this section of the article. The people who are affected by policy and oppression should be represented in leading the advocacy work.

    1. Certificate

      A certificate can be described as a post-secondary credential that signifies the completion of a specific program, typically shorter than degree programs.

    1. -SULYSAY}JO10U9)9}JAOISJeYMOWOSSEF]‘spuno}sJoSUONSJOsx¥O.NSsUIOGQNIs94]UsYM puy

      When you finally begin to write poetry again, your name will be put into Heaven (immortality)

    2. I0gjoUlolIeq pued1eqIsOW payUNODuaqstuyU0]YIeY ‘9s19A10JYZnouaAyayeIspur asoid10)ySnous[NJYIOQSIJJasytJoAyana yorym‘oZu0]J9yIOPYINO3ey}

      echoes Sidney's argument against English poetry

    1. We can surely think of teachers who do not express political beliefs in the classroom.

      I don't think there is really a reason for teachers to bring up their political beliefs but maybe in some cases.

    1. These bioinks comprise two mis-cible polymer networks with complementary gelation mechanismsthat regulate different stages of the fabrication process. A thermo-responsive gelatin network provides excellent extrusion and struc-tural stability during 3D printing, while a photocrosslinkable networkallows the printed structure to be stabilized by covalent crosslink-ing.

      Two part network for bioprinting using theromoresponsive gelatin network to extrude during printing and a cross linkable network that allows the printed structure to be stabilized.

    2. complementarynetwork bioinks naturally release the majority of gelatin at 37°C.Critically, the inclusion of gelatin did not notably affect themechanical properties of the hydrogels after thermal release, nor

      Gelatin is special

    3. Another important and enduring challenge of hydrogel-based musculoskeletal tissue engineering is replicating the mechani-cal properties of the native tissues. The mechanical properties of thetissue constructs could potentially be improved by adjusting thebioink (e.g., through the use of double-network bioinks), coprintingsolid polymeric scaffolds (e.g., by melt electrowriting), incorporatingmechanical stimulation into the tissue culture setup, or extendingthe maturation period

      Mechanical properties of the native tissues

    4. polymer type, photocrosslinking kinetics, and bioink concentrationcan all be selected in the absence of any constraints imposed by theprintability of the formulation. In turn, this offers a more effectivemethodological approach to 3D printing living tissue constructs, wherebythe bioink can be readily tuned to meet the biological requirementsof the encapsulated cells.

      BIOINK METHODOLOGY BIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS

    5. concept of complementary networkbioinks

      Complementary network bioinks are a type of advanced 3D bioprinting material made by combining two or more interacting polymer networks that work together to improve printability, mechanical strength, and biological performance.

    6. While highly specific bioink formulations (12) or customizedprinting methodologies (13) can address the printability of certainbiomaterial systems, these do not provide a standardized method thatcan be applied across different 3D printing scenarios. This consider-ation highlights the motivation for a more generalizable strategy thatextends the biofabrication window across a broad palette of print-able, cytocompatible bioinks

      There is no generalized way to print cell in a cell compatible way but hopes to create a standard

    7. rarelyhave both the physicochemical properties required for the 3D print-ing process and the physicochemical cues to meet the biological needsof the encapsulated cells

      3D printing process needs shear force and temperature with proper viscocity to function.

    8. We have also used a very standard thermalextrusion–based approach that is compatible with existing 3D bio-printing methods (11, 23, 29). Together, these design factors shouldenable complementary network bioinks to find broad applicabilityacross different biomaterial systems and 3D printing protocols, andprovide new opportunities for biofabrication and tissue engineering.

      IMPORTANT TEXT CONCLUSION

    Annotators

    1. Writers should note that revising, editing, and proofreading are considerably different processes.

      Yes, you have the stages of how you write your process to proceed. Editing, Proofreading, Revise.

  2. drive.google.com drive.google.com
    1. I hear colleagues complain about student writ-ing, my response is “But isn’t that why we’re here? Is it not our jobto teach them?” But a power differential between inexperiencedwriters and professional authors perpetuates the idea of learnersas helpless children. We paint narratives of new writers negatively,researchers refer to them by first name only in publications ratherthan last names as we would real authors

      I think it’s a bit sad and should change. If experienced writers and teachers helped new writers by giving them tips and corrections, we would have many more new novels. This would also help the economy and create new knowledge.

    2. By seeing authors as genius artists only, we removeourselves from the activity of writing, which is social and contex-tual, and are distracted by the product itself.

      I hadn't thought about it that way, but I think It's right. Instead of just using the product, it would be much more interesting to create something myself

    3. . In fact, attimes throughout history, the best authors were believed to havebeen chosen and directly inspired by God Himself.

      I don't see it exactly the same way, but I agree with part of it. I think writing is different from other talents. For example, being good at math comes from practice ,just repeating things over and over. But with writing, I believe people are born with that imagination; it’s a special gift you’re born with it

    1. For example, author Roxane Gay has said, “Content going viral is overwhelming, intimidating, exciting, and downright scary..”

      It’s so interesting that such a seemingly regular aspect of our modern day society seems to be so disorienting for those in the center of it. It just seems like something people aren’t meant to experience and yet it increasingly because a outcome more people want to achieve

    1. Let’s look at some examples of the relationship between virality and intent.

      This a very interesting relationship to observe because it’s easy to forget being on the side of the many that the one person who made the post is as complex as I am.

    1. The Spanish did not want to physically eliminate the indigenous, but they did advocate a cultural genocide of sorts, which was never complete due to native resistance. But this was, in the long run, less successful than the destruction of native culture in North America because despite the Columbian Exchange there were more natives left.

      It makes sense that the cultural destruction of the native people in South America was not as successful as North America. The tactis used in North America seem much more brutal than the ones used in South America.

    2. Many natives felt part of colonial society, and confidently challenged Spanish landowners in court.

      Most of the colonies did not treat the native people well, and so it is surprising that at least in a few instances, the judges ruled fairly in favor of the native people.

    3. Although the colonists found these taxes oppressive and obnoxious, to a great extent they were luxury taxes or excises on trade rather than direct taxes on personal income. Still, imposing new taxes on the colonists was a miscalculation by Parliament, because the merchants and the wealthy most affected by the taxes had the means and the motivation to organize a resistance movement.

      The merchants and colonists in the colonies both have aligned interests against the British at this point. The merchants had a lot of motivation to revolt against the British because of the taxes, while the colonists viewed the British as tyrannical.

    4. Conditions were so harsh on sugar plantations that slaves generally died within about three years after their arrival.

      This is important to remember when considering the number of slaves who died, especially because sugar plantations represented a large amount of the slavery in the colonies.

    5. In many of these countries, the ideas of divine monarchy and hereditary nobility had given way to a sharing of constitutional power between rulers and their subjects. Merchants gained influence and slowly acquired legislative powers in bodies like Britain’s House of Commons.

      Its interesting that the massive influence of merchants led the rulers of these European countries to basically share power with them.

    1. [As I follow YouTube recommendations] It’s far more likely that my biases will be confirmed and possibly even enhanced than they are to be challenged and re-evaluated. And it’s likely for a lot of consumers of YouTube that they will be segregated by political cultural and ethnic lines.

      This actually a YouTuber I engage with frequently. I think his perspective is so interesting because despite his personal convictions he still knows that if he is only to rely on these system he cannot further build the perspective he’d hope to.

    1. Elon Musk’s view expressed in that tweet is different than some of the ideas of the previous owners, who at least tried to figure out how to make Twitter’s algorithm support healthier conversation.

      I wonder if there is something be gained but being so open about there being negative incentives to maximize engagement

    2. Elon Musk’s view expressed in that tweet is different than some of the ideas of the previous owners, who at least tried to figure out how to make Twitter’s algorithm support healthier conversation.

      What is gained for Elon stating this so openly. Is the hope that it pushes personal responsibility from the site and on individuals? I don’t believe this sentiment does an effective job but it’s interesting to reflect on the rhetoric.

    1. Reddit to look up, meaning this site is unfriendly to blind or low-vision users.

      It’s insane to think that such a massive website doesn’t have this type of support wildly available for users. Sometimes it’s hard to remember that many of these practices more exist in theory then in practice.

    1. Overall,advisors enable schools and families to work together toprovide students with the support they need to navigate theintricacies of school in a productive and positive manner.

      This is such a vital piece of education that is often overlooked. Education is a shared approach that requires coordination among students, families, schools, school districts, and the education system. If any one of those things is not where it should be in a productive manner, all elements tend to suffer.

    2. Advisors are charged with making sure that studentssucceed academically, too. When students struggle, theadvisor reaches out to their teachers to develop strategiesto turn things around.

      We focus heavily on student success and ensuring students are supported academically, but teachers also need advisement. Resources that support educators while promoting student success are the most effective investments any school system can make, in my opinion.

    3. Student-centered schools emphasize the use of variedinstructional strategies that accommodate the wide rangeof skills young people bring to the classroom.

      These schools have excellent results, but the lessons and assessments that accompany their curriculum tend to take longer. This trade-off often results in less of the written curriculum being covered, but the content that is covered is usually absorbed at a higher cognitive level.

    4. In recent years, however, educational policymaking hasdiverged from contemporary knowledge about childdevelopment.

      Rather than child development experts serving as the guiding light, political agendas, increased emphasis on adult development models, and fluctuating conditional funding have all shaped policymaking at all levels.

    5. Fortunately, we have models of excellent practice in themany teachers, schools, and districts serving low-incomestudents that have drawn on research from the learningsciences to provide students with the instructional supportsthey need to learn in deeper and more meaningful ways

      These are the models and accounts that teachers and administrators need to research and adapt, along with their teachers, to put into practice. That said, mindlessly implementing something because it worked elsewhere is not always sustainable. Extenuating circumstances are very real and part of every instructional support. Those factors need to be taken into account when developing a success schedule.

    6. For years, schools haverelied on testing to sort students into groups or tracks,presumably for the purpose of efficiently meeting theirlearning needs.

      This is often because we have used adult brain development models as our guide in education, rather than child development as our north star. Yes, we aim to reach the adult stages, but as our brains develop, educators and education professionals need to meet the basic needs of child development.

    7. For low-income studentswho spent all 12 years of school in districts that increasedspending by at least 20 percent, graduation rates rose by23 percentage points and educational attainment levelsrose by a full year.

      As I started my career in special education, I found that when you showed kids you cared, they typically responded. Now, the spike in per-pupil spending is nice, but it would be more important to know how these districts used the money. That is the important part of the equation. Money and resources are not the same thing. How you use the money to accumulate and use resources correctly is the key.

    8. Rather than creating an enriched environmentthat would provide robust linguistic and hands-on learningexperiences that could develop higher-order thinking andperformance, students are often subjected to a seriesof drills and learning experiences designed to developlow-level skills.

      Closing the gap from below expectations to meet standards on a standardized test becomes the focus for kids who are behind. Instead of working backward and using creativity to spark a struggling child's imagination, educators often focus on skill- and drill-based methods. Sometimes it helps, but many times it just has children check out more.

    9. By first grade, only half as many studentsfrom low-income families are as proficient as students frommore affluent families at understanding words in contextand engaging in basic mathematics (Denton & West 2002).1

      Education is a vital pathway out of poverty; however, it is often not accessible to those who need it most. This disparity highlights a significant concern that warrants our attention and action.

    10. In short, recent policies have created a vicious cycle thatexacerbates existing inequities.

      Local, state, and national policies have devastated public education in the past few years. The focus on school choice and breaking away has led to a woefully inadequate focus on actually fixing a broken system.

    11. For a number of reasons, advocates for such teaching andlearning never gained much traction in schools servingchildren of color in areas where poverty was concentrated.

      Yes, areas of color are a very sad epidemic, but areas of poverty in all races are often held back. Poverty is one of the most cumbersome obstacles for all races. When your focus is on surviving or learning this math problem, survival instincts tend to kick in before the bigger picture view of education being the ticket to a better life.

    12. critics of the accountability movement haveargued that its emphasis on narrowly framed academicgoals has made it more difficult to pursue deeper learningwith students.

      Even supporters of systematic standardized testing have admitted that its narrow focus and strict guidelines do not always tell the whole story. What it does is give a glimpse of where to start and statistics that indicate success in the core areas tested. It's part of the puzzle, not the whole thing. Unfortunately, when presented to politicians, scores are often used to paint entire portraits.

    1. it can be difficult if not impossible for law enforcement officials to distinguish between images of real and fake children.

      Exactly this! If you cannot deem it real or not then it should just be banned entirely.

    2. The court’s decision stated that these digitally altered sexually explicit depictions of minors “implicate the interests of real children and are in that sense closer to the images in Ferber.”

      Exactly my point from earlier

    3. The government’s interest in protecting the physical and psychological well-being of children, the court found, was not implicated when such obscene material is computer generated. “Virtual child pornography is not ‘intrinsically related’ to the sexual abuse of children,” the court wrote.

      Now I see the complexity of the argument. Because it is AI it does not display a real child. However I would argue that if you could create this you have the means to involve an actual child later.

      An example a person threatens to kill another person. They don't actually kill the person, but they can still get in trouble with the law for the threat. They may not be charged with murder but there is still accountability. I think you could something similar in this scenario.

      They technically still have possession of child porn which is illegal involving a real child or an AI generated. Also technically speaking all porn is created or produced for creative, imaginative purposes. That being said, an AI child is not far off.

    4. almost certainly falls under the scope of that ruling.

      I wouldn't just say almost. I would argue that it absolutely does. If child pornographic images is illegal, its arguable that creating them is just as illegal because you still have possession at that point.

    1. Obviously, reading and writing work together. Therefore, while reading, consider your writing situation.

      understand what are reading is really important because that's where you get the idea of what to write.

    1. Brown v. Board of Education

      I need to read more about how this is holding up nowadays, with the opening of all the charter schools, losing of funding, and how schools are now more segregated than before.

    2. Hawaii, and California

      I wonder if cultural competency has been taken into consideration. I am from CA and I have friends who didn't even know that they needed services until they were in college. The stated the stigma that came with receiving services

    3. unlawful practices to delay or deny the identification of students

      where they independent charters? is this another repercussion of the NCLB funding?

    4. . On the one hand, studies show students of color are disproportionately represented in special

      This is also true when you come think about the incarcerated youth. Many individuals who are incarcerated also had a disportionately high rates of being part of SpEd services.

    1. Most people dislike vanity in others, whatever share they have of it themselves; but I give it fair quarter wherever I meet with it, being persuaded that it is often productive of good to the possessor, and to others that are within his sphere of action; and therefore, in many cases, it would not be altogether absurd if a man were to thank God for his vanity among the other comforts of life.

      I like this take.

    2. That felicity, when I reflected on it, has induced me sometimes to say, that were it offered to my choice, I should have no objection to a repetition of the same life from its beginning, only asking the advantages authors have in a second edition to correct some faults of the first.

      If Benjamin Franklin had the opportunity to live his life again, he would do everything the same, save for fixing a few mistakes, but, even if he couldn't fix those mistakes, he'd still take the opportunity to live his life again.

    1. thank you for listening to us 11:01 now I probably won't vote for your guy 11:06 and we waved and turned around walked 11:08 away 11:09 in a few steps up 11:11 we hear this but hey Kathy 11:14 I just might 11:16 thank you

      This quote describes how hearing someone out, having a conversation with them can truly change and understand where someone may be coming from. These people may have been very adamant on who they were voting for, but just because Kathi and her friend decided to come inside talk and eat really helps convey the theme of hope. Hope is something that is needed when campaigning as sometimes it can be very bleak. That's why having hope, hearing people out, and showing sympathy along with determination are the perfect combination to have a good outlook for the future.

    2. we will make the surreal magical 12:53 we must

      I chose this quote specifically because it correlates to the message that Kathi is conveying throughout the story. Even when she had very little hope, her friend continued to be more fired up, which shows the contrast between their outlooks for campaigning. I referenced that because this quote alone encapsulates the theme, and it describes hope and how having a positive outlook can be beneficial for what's to come.

    1. And I immediately think about Jose Antonio Elena, 3:56 a 16-year-old Mexican, 3:58 killed by Border Patrol in Nogales 4:00 for holding rocks in his hand. 4:03 And I'm stunned in that fear 4:08 and that disempowerment of not knowing 4:11 how the situation would end up.

      I chose this point specifically to remember that implicit bias is a real and big issue, and how the tiniest of things can escalate due to these types of things. I feel like this ties in with the theme that having an implicit bias can have long lasting effects to family's, which I believe why he thought back to this person, is because anything can happen regardless of status, implicit bias is still a prevalent thing.

    2. In third grade, there was a white boy who stood up in class 2:29 and started yelling, "I'm going to call Border Patrol 2:32 and deport all the Mexicans in school."

      The stakes for the story teller in this situation are that the half of his family aren't written down as citizens. Which can be scary when at any moment someone could knock at there door and they could get deported, and this is one of the more sad quotes as a boy as young as that knows those words and the implications behind them. So reasonably enough the stakes were quite high for him at that young age. I chose this point because it conveys the theme of implicit bias can be prevalent no matter the age, showing how bad the problem has truly become.

    1. T h e r e i s , h o w e v e r , one most i m p o r t a n t e l e m e n ti n i t w h i c h , from a s t r i c t l y c o n s t i t u t i o n a l p o i n t ofv i e w , h a s now 7 a s r e g a r d s a l l v i t a l m a t t e r s , r e a c h e di t s f u l l d e v e l o p m e n t ; we r e f e r t o t h e group ofs e l f g o v e r n i n g c o m m u n i t i e s composed of G r e a t B r i t a i nand t h e D o m i n i o n s . T h e i r p o s i t i o n and . . u t u a l r e l a t i o nmay be r e a d i l y d e f i n e d

      This passage asserts that the British colonies (the Dominions) have reached political maturity and are now capable of governing themselves completely independently. It defines a new relationship of equality in which Great Britain and these nations become free partners, without any relationship of domination.

    1. Reading this section had me concerned about whether these economies could keep the region sustained. If there were cuts to government spending, how would this affect the region? I would assume negatively. Does anyone else feel the same?

    2. I appreciated learning that the area is considered relatively young. It makes me wonder what the future health will be for this region and whether people will stay in the region. Does anyone else have this thought?

  3. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. prazo máximo de 1 (um) mês

      Via de regra, a formalização de termo aditivo é condição para a execução de prestações determinadas pela Administração.

      No entanto, acaso haja necessidade de antecipação de efeitos de termo aditivo, este pode ser executado; no entanto, deve ser formalizado no prazo máximo de 1 mês.

    1. Some of those users became contributors, adding their expertise to the development of the project

      Las iniciativas que se amplían y permiten ver múltiples perspectivas, crecen debido a que el talento se puede esconder en las manos que no tienen la oportunidad.

    2. in order to study statistical analysis and algebra.

      En orden de cumplir nuestros objetivos de vida, cualquier conocimiento puede ayudar a desarrollar habilidades que contribuirán de alguna manera en nuestro proyecto.

    3. Like many revolutionary changes in human history, it started with a flash of frustration.

      La invención de grandes cosas inició con grandes frustraciones. Por ello, actualmente existe un dilema social y estructural: si la inteligencia artificial resuelve por nosotros, ¿qué pasará con nuestro desarrollo, especialmente en el ámbito cognitivo?

    1. In addition to slides helping instructors stay organized and on topic, some research suggests that access to lecture slides before a lesson can improve learning

      I am a big fan of utilizing slideshow presentations, so I am glad to hear that there is actually research that backs up how these can improve learning. It's interesting to look at the components that make up a good slide presentation. Using contrasting colors, layouts, standard fonts, and including graphics and images all seem like they would help to enhance the learning of the students.

    2. Headings and subheadings help break up the text and increase white space. They also act as a navigational guide for the reader, providing an outline of the topic and its main points.

      I have found that headings and subheadings are actually really helpful. They break up the text as a whole and help to provide context on what the smaller sections of the text are about. It helps me when reading large pieces of text, as I am able to comprehend what the text is trying to convey to me better.

    3. When video and audio reinforce each other, as when images or text on a slide reinforce a speaker’s point, learning is enhanced. However, if video and audio are misaligned, such as when slide text is different from the audio narration, the brain has to work harder, and learning can be negatively impacted.

      This is so interesting, as I have never heard about this before. It makes so much sense because when I am watching a show that is originally in a different language with an English dub, I can't stand how the audio doesn't match the way a person's mouth is moving. I never knew that the brain had to work harder, but now I know why it really bothers me.

    4. If we need to highlight or emphasize text within a block, we should use bold or underline, as italics are harder to read.

      I think this is extremely helpful in elementary classes specifically to bold or underline key details because children are just starting to learn how to take notes. If we bold what is most important, it makes it easier on them and trains their brains to not record every minor detail.

    5. We should avoid the use of fonts with unusual features or ones that might distort when printed or copied. These include fonts with fine lines or a mix of thick and thin lines; those with small internal spaces, such as the openings in a lowercase “b” or “d,” as these might fill in when printed or photocopied

      I feel like often times I am most appealed towards the decorative posters, even though the font can make it hard to read. This reminds me also of when teachers put a ton of posters in their kindergarten or pre-k classroom despite their kids not being able to read. It just creates clutter and can be overstimulating to a lot of kids.

    6. Coherence Principle: Omit unneeded words, sounds, and graphics. Contiguity Principle: Place printed words next to the corresponding part of a graphic (see Figure 11.1 and Figure 11.2 for examples). Redundancy Principle: Do not duplicate audio and on-screen text.

      I've found that these principles are even helpful for me in college classes. Specifically in slide presentations or long lectures where I feel like professors are often stating unnecessary information. I also prefer simple, straight to the point text

    1. In fact, the way we define terms can have far-reaching consequences for individuals as well as collective groups.

      if we over explain it may be harder to understand for other people.

    1. mailto

      Si ça ne marche pas, c'est qu'il faut, sur votre ordi, mentionner quel logiciel sera utilisé pour ouvrir les mails, ou si le protocole "mailto" ouvre par exemple une page vers votre Gmail.

    2. des espaces

      Utiliser plutôt des _ (ou à la limite, des tirets -)

      Les points marchent, mais sont à éviter, car on les utilise beaucoup en CSS, et ça peut créer des confusions.

      #ancre <br>

      #Exemple_oiseau_migrateur

    3. tailles différentes

      Pour mettre un texte en valeur, on ne doit pas le transformer en titre, mais utiliser la balise paire

      Autrefois, on utilisait la balise bold, mais elle est dépréciée maintenant, et ne doit plus être utilisée.

      Pour régler plus finement l'apparence et la taille des lettres, il ne faut pas le faire en HTML, mais on le fera quand on abordera le CSS, complément indispensable du HTML.

    4. <h1>

      Il y a 6 niveaux de titre. Header 1 jusqu'au 6. H1 est écrit en gros, H6 est écrit dans la taille la plus petite des titres.

      Attention: une seule balise H1 par page. C'est le titre affiché de la page. Par contre, pour les autre headers, on peut en mettre autant qu'on veut.

      Les headers ne sont pas seulement important pour afficher une hiérarchie de titres sur la page. Mais Google et les moteurs de recherche les lisent, pour savoir de quoi parle la page. Ils accordent plus d'importance aux titres qu'aux non-titres pour évaluer le contenu. Si on met plusieurs balises H1 (il ne devrait y en avoir qu'une par page, Google enlève du "poids" (de l'importance) à un des titres, donc ce n'est pas souhaitable our des raison d'optimisation du code dans les moteurs de recherche (permettre à notre site d'être facilement trouvés par les internet dans Google).

      On ne doit pas non plus tricher en mettant des titres, et un contenu qui n'a rien à voir, ou trop de titres par rapport au contenu, Google le détecte.

    5. index.html

      Il est très important de l'appeler exactement de ce nom. Et bien vérifier que le fichier n'a pas été enregistré en index.html.txt par exemple, car ça ne marchera pas!

      En minuscule "index" et pas "Index", car ce serait 2 fichiers différents.

      Si on nomme la page accueil.html ou ma-page.html, le site ne s'ouvrira pas automatiquement !

      Quand un serveur web (ou un navigateur) entre dans un dossier, il cherche par défaut un fichier nommé index. C'est l'automatisme qui permet d'arriver sur www.monsite.com sans avoir à taper www.monsite.com/accueil.html.

      Squelette, structure minimale de ce fichier:

      Un fichier index.html doit toujours contenir ces éléments dans cet ordre pour être considéré comme "propre" :

      <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title> Ma page... </title> </head> <body>

      Bienvenue sur mon site

      </body> </html>

      Noter que le titre se trouve pas dans le corps (body) mais dans l'en-tête (head), c'est le titre qui est destiné à Google, mais le titre qui s'affiche sur la page est dans la balise H1

      Le fichier index.html doit tojours être à la racine du dossier dans lequel se trouve le site web, sinon le serveur ne le trouvera pas tout seul.

    1. Start with an engaging opening that will adequately introduce the general topic

      Start with something that will grab your readers attention.

    1. Abordamos nuestras propias necesidades, iterando y creando sobre nuestros propios sitios.

      Considero que esto es lo que fortalece la pluralidad y expansión del conocimiento en todos sus ámbitos, la iteración. Poder volver atrás cuando algo no está bien o incluso volver a empezar, reconocer la frustración y los nuevos principios como nuevos comienzos.

    1. and creates both new modes of communication and new types of information",

      Las nuevas tecnologías aportan en gran medida a la investigación científica porque permite que los académicos lleven a cabo proyectos de forma remota y, así, culminarlos en un periodo de tiempo más corto que antes.

    2. Many universities have entire colleges, departments or schools devoted to the study of information science, while numerous information-science scholars work in disciplines such as communication, healthcare, computer science, law, and sociology. Several institutions have formed an I-School Caucus (see List of I-Schools), but numerous others besides these also have comprehensive information specializations.

      Podríamos considerar que se está hablando de comunicación científica, en específico, R&D collaboration (investigación y desarrollo). Ya que, se habla de varias instituciones trabajando juntas para lograr el avance de la ciencia.

    3. Information science focuses on understanding problems from the perspective of the stakeholders involved and then applying information and other technologies as needed. In other words, it tackles systemic problems first rather than individual pieces of technology within that system.

      Sea en el contexto social u organizacional existe un factor relevante que abordar en esta ciencia: la ética. Es la capacidad de lograr la integridad personal y laboral en nuestro oficio.

    4. Cultural and social contexts:

      Esta ciencia es trasversal, los científicos de la información se adaptan a los entornos de estudio para integrarse y promover el conocimiento.

    5. Core foundations

      Los elementos centrales de una ciencia son de vital importancia, debido a que consideran su componente ontológico; además, puede ayudar a que esta evolucione, rompiendo paradigmas.

    6. Information science[1][2][3] (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information.

      Agregaría a esta afirmación que la información deber ser también legitimizada, llegar hasta su fuente y complementarla con su contexto para así acercarnos desde un perspectiva óptima.

    1. Build info

      I think the build info should include more information regarding what is already prepared to be "updated" such as analyses parameters. And, open science aspects such as open data, open code, etc; link to github, osf account etc.

    1. Key assumptions

      Skip the 'key assumptions' part -- I don't think this gets it correctly anyways. E.g., comparisons of SD units shouldn't require linearity per se, that would be sufficient but not necessary. I'm not sure if interpersonal comparability in levels is necessary either -- if we had linearity and cardinality the measured changes wouldn't depend on the starting points

    2. If it's unreliable or systematically misleading, billions of dollars in funding decisions could be poorly directed.

      This point seems obvious. Maybe skip it

    3. Is the WELLBY (linear, 0–10 life satisfaction) a useful and reliable measure for comparing interventions—particularly those involving mental health, consumption, and life-saving—in the context that organizations like Founders Pledge use it?

      Claude rephrased these in simpler but less rigorous and imo less useful ways. This page should use the actual wording of the key questions on the page https://coda.io/d/Unjournal-Public-Pages_ddIEzDONWdb/Wellbeing-PQ_suPg8sEH#_luVrD0mE -- use quotes where possible, ellipse where necessary, and link or fold the details

      I find 'useful and reliable' a bit too vague perhaps

    1. rsync books back and forth and mess on until your heart is content, as you should be able to with a device you own.Note: your books will end up in /mnt/storage - unimaginative, but very simple.

      perhaps useful for annotations too?

    2. To enable ssh:Rename this file to ssh-enabledReboot the deviceConnect via: ssh root@<device_ip>

      while connected to my Mac, edit a hidden file, then you can ssh into it with root at the device IP. First connection will ask for you to set pw.

    1. he early modern world was polycentric and not dominated by any one region

      There was not necessarily a center to the world’s economy and trade

    1. We heard how women are routinely judged on what they look like before their ability, and lose out on work due to being deemed by people in gatekeeper roles as “not attractive enough” or not having “the right body type”, and that it is not uncommon for employers to request all female bands or sections just to promote a “sexy image”.

      Physical appearance discrimination

    2. Women are also invariably more likely to be accepted as singers in contrast to most other types of musicianship, further restricting their music careers and ambitions.5

      Singing roles are assigned to women more than anything else.

    3. We heard that female artists get skipped more on streaming platforms, and that the algorithm then negatively affects them and they move down playlists or are removed completely.48

      Algorithm affects women's streaming numbers because of skipping songs.

    4. gatekeeper roles such as programmers, promoters and Artists and Repertoire (A&R)—the area of the business responsible for identifying new talent—are male-dominated.

      Men are gatekeeping women's opportunities in roles such as: programmers, promoters, and Artists and Repertoire aka talent seekers--very male dominated jobs.

    5. “As women, we have the stereotype placed on us for being fussy, loud, and bossy. If we call something out or complain, we just completely fulfil that stereotype, there’s literally no winning”.43

      Make sure to include Chappell Roan in the paper!

    6. she was told not to be “so confrontational and emotional” when raising that a male intern was being paid the same as her. She concluded: Practically every job I have had in the music industry I and my female colleagues have been subject to misogyny which has both affected our moods, proactivity and progression. As the years have gone by I have seen many of these women leave the industry which ultimately makes it harder for those of us remaining.42

      Pay gaps, productivity issues, and overall progression

    7. Dr Sarah Raine, Fellow at the School of Music, University College Dublin, described to us the experiences of jazz musicians she interviewed: Several women spoke about the emotional toil of being a musician in the contemporary scene, intensified by what they saw as a comparative undervaluing of women musicians by promoters, agents, and media and the scene’s reliance upon a ‘boys’ club’ network of male individuals to gain access and opportunities.41

      Emotional distress and mental health affected.

      Men all for access and opportunites.

    8. the world’s largest professional community of music managers, about the unequal standards women face where assertive male managers can be considered “great champions” for their artists, while female managers report being labelled a “b*tch or difficult” if they are equally assertive, and ignored or pushed aside if “polite and kind”.38

      Managers, but also can be applied to artists.

    9. There is a dated perception in the industry of what an artist manager looks like. When people don’t see a man in charge they are often shocked to see it’s me. I feel as though I have to work twice as hard as my male counterparts to get the recognition I deserve. Even then it feels everything I do is never good enough in the eyes of some of the powerful white men in the industry.36

      ^^ Corresponds to above annotation

    10. ur attention was drawn to the recording studio environment which one contributor described as, “one of those spaces where women are not spoken to when they enter the room […] they are just ignored because maybe they are perceived as a girlfriend.”

      Our attention was drawn to the recording studio environment which one contributor described as, “one of those spaces where women are not spoken to when they enter the room […] they are just ignored because maybe they are perceived as a girlfriend.”

    11. Respondents to the Musicians’ Union survey noted “a lack of confidence from employers in [female musicians’] abilities” and that “very often women were asked if they were fans, rather than musicians or it was assumed they must be singers not instrumentalists”.3

      Respondents to the Musicians’ Union survey noted “a lack of confidence from employers in [female musicians’] abilities” and that “very often women were asked if they were fans, rather than musicians or it was assumed they must be singers not instrumentalists."

    12. Female respondents to a 2022 survey by the Musicians’ Union reported “a range of bullying behaviours such as being humiliated in public, being isolated, and ridiculed in front of colleagues—all of which the respondents noted was related to their gender.”30

      Female respondents to a 2022 survey by the Musicians’ Union reported “a range of bullying behaviors such as being humiliated in public, being isolated, and ridiculed in front of colleagues—all of which the respondents noted was related to their gender.”

      I would say this is a good quote to put in the paper!

    13. “cat-called in rehearsals”, “made to feel uncomfortable by male lecturers” and being told “they couldn’t play their instrument properly if they didn’t sit with their legs open in orchestra rehearsals”.26

      Sexual harassment in rehearsals and lectures.

    14. Women who play instruments considered ‘masculine’ are often held to a higher standard than their male counterparts with mistakes seen as confirmation of a belief that women are less capable—in many cases women are discouraged from playing certain instruments at all, reducing what women can achieve.2

      Instruments and masculinity threatening women's appeal.

    15. Participation rates show that music technology courses still show a stark gender imbalance, reflecting the lack of female representation in the production workforce,

      Production discrimination due to courses in music technology being dominated by men.

    16. roles, courses and genres are given a strong association with gender

      Stereotypes of roles, genres, instruments, etc. plague women when they want to create art and music--also misogyny, bullying, and sexualization occurs in these instances of women trying to make a name for themselves.

    17. suggesting barriers remain for female graduates seeking to start their careers.19

      Even though there is some balance in education, there are still some obstacles for women trying to start their career.

    18. Gender diversity has improved in music in higher education over recent years and there is now almost equal participation.

      Equal participation in higher education of music for genders (men vs. women).

    19. Whatever the route pursued, we heard that for women, the environment is unwelcoming, access to career opportunities continues to be problematic and those entering the music industry routinely experience misogyny and discrimination.1

      Music industry is unwelcoming for women. Especially, when they are first entering.

    20. n 2022, it contributed £6.7 billion to the UK economy and generated £4 billion in exports. It employs over 200,000 people in a wide variety of roles, genres and settings.1

      Maybe good information for the introduction but I need a global aspect of this.

    21. For BBC Radio 1, one of the UK’s largest stations, female artists were represented in just 15% of the station’s top 20 most played tracks.1

      I want to include BBC radio because it is prominent in the music industry and the USA.

      For BBC Radio 1, female artists were represented in just 15% of the station's top most played tracks.

    22. He similarly drew attention to the role of radio: “we endeavour to put on stage what people are listening to […] radio has a greater ability to direct audience tastes than we have, we can only reflect”.14

      Melvin Benn who is the Managing Director of Festival Republic said: “we endeavour to put on stage what people are listening to […] radio has a greater ability to direct audience tastes than we have, we can only reflect."

      I want to look into this quote more because he seems not to care.

    23. Emily Eavis, co-organiser of the festival, who has long advocated for balanced line-ups, voiced her frustration at the lack of female artists being signed and supported: We’re trying our best so the pipeline needs to be developed. This starts way back with the record companies, radio. I can shout as loud as I like but we need to get everyone on board.

      Emily Eavis is co-organizer of the festival who has long advocated for equality in festivals:

      -"We’re trying our best so the pipeline needs to be developed. This starts way back with the record companies, radio. I can shout as loud as I like but we need to get everyone on board."

    24. f all songwriters and composers who received a royalty in 2020 from their music being streamed, downloaded, broadcast, or performed, only one in six (16.7%) were women.11

      This correlates to overall pay for women. Pay affects their motivation, creativity, and overall performances. It makes women feel insignificant and can cause women to quit the industry that is already against them. There is no equality in that whatsoever. It has been like this for decades... Let's think about Britney Spears for example. She recently just sold her entire catalogue and rights. They are still out to get women. Also Taylor Swift had her whole catalogue stolen by Scooter Braun. She re-released everything under her name and got her songs back. It was never about the money for her, unlike the men who took her creative projects from her.

      Check Annenberg source to see if this is the same percentage.

    25. Throughout this inquiry our attention has been drawn to the experiences of individual female artists, including the instances of abuse they have been subjected to on social media and elsewhere.

      This article focuses on experiences of individual female artists, including abuse in person and on social media.

    26. known as the Creative Industries Independent Standards Authority (CIISA).

      Creative Industries Independent Standards Authority (CIISA) is a UK organization that is helping to change the standards of the music industry to encourage equality and appropriate working behaviors.

      https://ciisa.org.uk/

    27. why these concerns persist and how they can be better tackled.

      How can we prevent gender discrimination and abuse in the music industry to help women?

    28. often in places where alcohol and drugs are available, can result in women working in environments that are unsafe.

      Drugs and alcohol are a big threat.

    29. Abuse and discrimination are not unique to the industry but they are amplified in music by the high number of freelance workers in the sector

      Freelancing enhances abuse and discrimination.

      -Causes power imbalances and strange working relationships.

    30. unjustifiable limitations in opportunity, a lack of support, gender discrimination and sexual harassment as well as the “persistent issue of equal pay” in a sector dominated by self-employment.3

      Women also face less opportunities, are given less moral support, and unequal pay.

    31. but in certain areas progress is slow and shackled by discrimination, misogyny and sexual abuse in an industry that is still routinely described as a “boys’ club”.2

      It looks like there is progress for women, but there is still discrimination, misogyny, and sexual abuse in the music industry.

      The industry is still considered a "boys club."

    32. This is reflected in the unequal representation of female artists in the rosters of artists at major record labels, in airtime, streaming and as headliners at music festivals.1

      Women are not represented correctly in the rosters of artists at major record labels, airtime, and headliners at festivals and events

    1. webinar presentation

      Pre-reading: pretending to read - being read to

      Stage 1 requires explicit instruction, phonological and phonemic awareness.

    1. Wikipedia articles are usually signed only with a username or pseudonym

      I think there should be a way for wikipedia to show if an editor/writer is credible to what they are writing, like a profile to see their background possibly.

    1. . News sources can help illustrate your points with timely examples or historical perspectives on a topic.

      The issue with news sources is that they are often biased in todays day and age, and don't always provide the greatest accuracy.

    2. Sometimes your instructor will require that you use at least a specific number of sources for a project, but you won’t always have that as a guideline. If you need to determine the number of sources to use on your own, you can base it on what seems to be enough to fully answer your research question. Keep in mind that this might be more sources than the minimum you’re required to use.

      It is important to remember the minimun amount of sources needed, as some may get stuck relying on two, when more are often needed.

    1. Biases can be driven by commercial interests, the influence of a publisher or publication’s audience, or personal beliefs, such as the political or religious beliefs of an author.

      It is very important to remember that with researching, comes with biases. Intentional or not, it is very present and should be taken into consideration when viewing these publishers works.

    1. USC ANNENBERG INCLUSION INITIATIVE

      All of these visuals have evidence from the paper. They were annotated rather than annotating all of the visuals.

    2. Table 2 illuminates the breakdown of artist gender by song genre across all 13 years.3 Three trends arereadily apparent. First, women artists were relegated almost exclusively to Pop and R&B genres. Roughlya third (35.9%) of all Pop songs and a quarter of R&B songs (25.2%) credited women as artists. Second,approximately 20% or less of all artists working in Dance/Electronic, Country, Alternative, or Hip-Hopwere women. Finally, no women participated as artists in Música Mexicana. Music is still largely a boy’sclub, with lanes carved out for women in only specific areas of creativity and art.

      Discussion of table 2

    3. Has the percentage of women on the Hot 100 Year-End charts changed over time? Yes and no. Thepercentage of women appearing on the 2024 list (37.7%, n=49) was not different from 2023 (35%, n=57).Matter of fact, numerically, fewer women appeared on the list this year. However, the percentage ofwomen on the chart in 2024 was significantly higher than in 2022 (30.2%, n=48) and 2012 (22.7%, n=45).Because the number of women was roughly the same across these years, this suggests that fewer menwere featured on the charts and not that there are more women. This is not good news.

      Discussion of table 1

    4. Across 13 years, women comprised 15.2% of all nominees across major Grammy® categories.

      Over 13 years:

      -Women 15.2% of nominees were in the major categories