Arturo Béjar, a consultant on the wellbeing team of Instagram (which is also owned by Facebook), hit send on a long-gestating email to Zuckerberg and other senior Facebook executives on a similar theme. “I wanted to bring to your attention what I believe is a critical gap in how we as a company approach harm, and how the people we serve experience it,” Béjar began, before laying out some shocking statistics from his team’s survey. For example: 24.4% of 13-15-year-olds on Instagram said they had received unwanted advances, and 21.8% said they had been the target of bullying on the platform in the past seven days. Furthermore, 51% of Instagram users said they had had a bad or harmful experience in the past seven days. Only 1% of them reported it, and of those, 2% had the content taken down – so just 0.02%. This was a far greater degree of harm than the company’s existing measurements suggested. Zuckerberg never replied.

at den uautoriserede adgang ikke omfatter navne og adresser på personer, som har valgt at lade sig registrere med navne- og adressebeskyttelse.

CPR-administrationen har stoppet virksomhedens adgang

adgang til navne, adresser, CPR-numre mv. på ca. 8,8 millioner registrerede borgere i CPR-systemet.

Prithwiraj (Raj) Choudhury is a Professor of Organisational Behaviour at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)

Organisational digital twins introduce a fourth approach: learning by simulating. Instead of implementing a new incentive system and waiting to observe the consequences, managers can explore alternatives in a simulated environment. Instead of restructuring teams and hoping co-ordination improves, they can test different designs before making commitments. Instead of launching a major reskilling initiative, they can compare multiple approaches virtually.

organisational redesigns and strategic initiatives provide rich learning

The most important contribution of organisational digital twins may be the creation of a new mode of organisational search.

An organisational digital twin is not a dashboard, reporting tool, or analytics platform. It is a simulation environment built from firm-specific data and AI agents capable of approximating how organisational actors, processes and routines behav

Advances in data infrastructure and generative AI are making it possible to integrate these traces into a shared organisational memory. This creates the foundation for what I have called an organisational digital twi

Organisational charts reveal formal structures. But much of organisational life unfolds through informal networks, routines and patterns of co-ordination that are difficult to observe directly.

If codified selves represent individuals, organisational digital twins represent the interactions among individuals.

This raises questions that most organisations have never confronted. Can a firm continue using a digital representation of an employee after that employee departs? Should workers share in the value created by their digital twins? What rights should employees have over systems trained on their expertise? As AI becomes more capable of representing individuals, these governance questions are likely to become increasingly important.

A codified self emerges through a process of co-creation. The individual contributes expertise and data. The organisation contributes infrastructure, complementary assets, organisational context and technological capabilities. The resulting system is neither purely an employee asset nor purely a firm asset.

At the same time, codified selves create a new category of asset whose ownership is inherently ambiguous

At the same time, important limits remain. Many forms of human capital are tacit rather than articulated. Judgment developed through decades of experience, moral reasoning, intuition, leadership presence and context-sensitive decision making remain difficult to codify.

Workers may be able to extend their influence far beyond the limits imposed by time and attention.

In effect, organisations gain a mechanism for scaling individual human capital. This is not simply automation. Nor is it merely knowledge management. It represents a new way of transforming individual-level human capital into an organisational resource.

Once aspects of expertise have been codified, they can be deployed across many interactions simultaneously. A senior engineer can help teams around the world without joining every meeting. A salesperson’s negotiation expertise can be made available across markets. A professor’s insights can reach far more students than would otherwise be possible.

The significance of codified selves lies in their ability to create separation between value creation and physical presence. Historically, organisations could benefit from an employee’s expertise only when that employee was available. Human capital and value creation were tightly coupled in both time and space. Codified selves change that relationship.

It is a representation of those aspects of human capital that become visible through organisational activity.

Importantly, codified selves do not simply codify knowledge. They can also capture procedural expertise, communication styles, reasoning approaches and some aspects of personality and interpersonal behaviour, provided those characteristics are expressed repeatedly through digital interactions

A top engineer’s approach to diagnosing technical failures, a consultant’s way of framing client problems, a professor’s teaching style or a founder’s approach to evaluating opportunities may all create value precisely because they are distinctive. Traditional AI systems tend to average out these differences. Codified selves seek to preserve them.

A codified self is an AI model trained on the articulated knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics of a specific individual in a specific organisational context. Unlike traditional AI systems that aggregate data from thousands or millions of people, a codified self attempts to preserve the distinctive characteristics of one person.

As individuals perform their jobs, they generate enormous volumes of digital traces: emails, presentations, documents, videos, meeting transcripts, software code, customer interactions and countless other artifacts. Embedded within these traces are not only facts and knowledge, but also aspects of how individuals reason, communicate, solve problems and interact with others. The concept of the codified self helps explain what happens when AI learns from these traces.

The traditional view of human capital rests on two assumptions. First, workers retain ownership of their human capital. Second, organisations can create value from that human capital only when workers are actively engaged in work. Artificial intelligence is beginning to weaken both assumptions.

Yet the study also uncovered an important constraint. Employees consistently rated responses as less helpful when they believed they came from AI, even when the response had actually been written by the chief executive. This was especially true if the question was of an inter-personal nature.

The results were revealing. Employees were not able to reliably tell whether they were interacting with the boss or with the AI. In other words, the Wade Bot passed the Turing Test with flying colours. Viewed narrowly, the finding suggests that AI is becoming remarkably effective at mimicking specific organisational actors

he possibility that organisations can deploy certain forms of human capital even when the individual who created that capital is not physically present. T

AI can increasingly learn from the digital traces of a specific individual and begin to represent aspects of that person’s expertise, reasoning and communication style

Margaret Boden's concept of combinatorial creativity, which is defined as recombining familiar elements into something surprising, is the closest existing theory to what PKM systems claim to enable, but it's a much older and more general idea than anything Obsidian or Luhmann invented, and it doesn't require or predict that note-linking specifically is the mechanism.

The empirical literature on insight and creativity centers on incubation, the act of stepping away from a problem, unconscious restructuring, working memory offloading. This is not the act of browsing a hyperlinked card catalog.

PKM Examples

The revision was announced in President von der Leyen's Political Guidelines.   It responds to long-standing shortcomings identified by the European Court of Auditors, including declining competition, limited SME and cross-border participation, and the rise of single-bid procedures. It also follows calls from the Council of the EU and the European Parliament for a strategic, simplified, and competitive framework.     It also responds to the recommendations of the Draghi and Letta reports, which highlight public procurement as a strategic tool to strengthen Europe's industrial base, support innovation, advance the green and digital transitions, and reinforce economic security.

New provisions on resilience and security of supply would apply to contracts involving entities linked to critical infrastructures and aim to support diversification of supply chains, security of supply and crisis preparedness.

enables, and in some cases requires, public buyers to address risks related to security and public safety of the Union or Member States, sensitive information, cybersecurity, and undue third-country influence

In line with the recommendations of the Draghi report, the proposal reflects the growing geopolitical importance of public procurement.

Public buyers will thus have to systematically consider not only price, but also quality, including environmental, social, innovation, security and resilience, and 'European preference' considerations.

ChatGPT as a Very Large Online Search Engine (VLOSE), as well as Reddit and Roblox as Very Large Online Platforms (VLOPs)

But does your AGENTS.md do anything? A team at ETH Zurich tested AGENTS files. They ran the bots over some test projects with and without AGENTS.md: [arXiv, PDF; presentation, video]

Instead, the global public looks to other countries – principally Canada, Australia, Italy, Japan, the UK, France, Brazil and South Korea, and in that order – as potential unifying forces. These also turn out to be the countries whose own people are the most eager to cooperate and take on a leadership role, advocated by Canadian prime minister Mark Carney and Finnish president Alexander Stubb.

Still, now is the time to discuss how we move from a world where technology dominates the state, as in the US, or the state dominates technology, as in China.

Hersey's work argues that sleep deprivation is a racial and social justice issue,[11] and calls for rest as a form of resistance to white supremacy and capitalism

And yet there’s something else running alongside this, quieter and more tender, that I should also admit. Some of what I keep, I keep because it’s precious. Not out of fear but out of love. These drawings made in the Arctic, in temperatures that made the charcoal brittle, recording something that no longer exists, I want them near me. I want the tissue paper between them and the world not because I’m afraid of the world but because proximity feels like fidelity. As if releasing them too quickly would be a betrayal of the conditions under which they were made.

What the work might doSharyn Wortman FRSA

But work in the world has force. It makes a claim. It can bring power; a strange, vertiginous power of having made something that moves people and this power can change the shape of a practice. It changes the shape of a self. I am not certain I want to become whoever it is I would become if I stopped putting things away.

That’s what I’m not sure I’m ready for.

The death Barthes describes isn’t the problem. The problem is what comes before it. The work going out doesn’t just change how people read it. It changes who you are. It comes back to you transformed, carrying the weight of other people’s encounters, and you have to be someone who can hold that. Someone who can be acted upon by their own work.

It was Barthes who punctured it. His argument that the author dies the moment the work enters the world; that it begins generating meanings unasked for, in conversations you’re not in, in front of people you’ll never meet.

Then I thought, I know what I want and I know how to break the overall task down into chunks and I know how to check that each chunk works the way I want it to before moving on. So I bought into a month of Claude. I also took the trouble to read a bit about best practices and learned the importance of planning before coding and of clearing the context fairly often. So I sat down and wrote an overall plan for the project. I wrote a couple of rules to work by. And a little more than a week ago, Claude started work with me as project manager. We did less than an hour a day. It went brilliantly. There were times when Claude uncovered problems I had not anticipated. And there were times when I was able to suggest better ways to fix things. Each session started with reading my notes and Claude’s progress reports and ended with writing a new progress report and writing up my ideas for the next step.

Use it, thoughtfully, when that use is appropriate. There are plenty of areas in which I feel that AI could never be appropriate. My own peeve is dumb illustrations in newsletters and the like that do no more than add an illustration, one which adds literally nothing to the text. But if an artist wants to write with it, fair enough. Neither a blanket ban nor unthinking adoration are wise.

Looking back, I might have been able to manage the coding on my own, but it would have taken a painfully long time and I would have been a terrible nag on forums and the like. However, I almost certainly would not have been able to diagnose, let alone fix, the problem that arose when I moved from development to production. Claude did, quickly and effectively.

That’s how I feel about this project. Time was, I could and did write passable PHP if I had to. But that time was a while ago and I have not kept up with modern PHP. So I was happy to use generative AI to extend my capabilities. I’ve never used it to do anything to my writing, because writing is what I do. It may sound arrogant, but I feel my skills as a (hated term) wordsmith are quite good, thank you. With computer code, I can use the help, so I availed myself of it.

“AI” has become such a divisive topic, with some people hating any and every use of it and others embracing it for stuff that they have no business handing off. As my cyber-chum John says, there is this Buddhist thing known as the third way. I have embraced that, and take it to mean that you should use it to help you do things that you perhaps could manage on your own, but that would take too long to be worthwhile.

Buy strong brands with stalled growth, rebuild the tech, cut hard, raise prices, hold forever. CEO Luca Ferrari says 90% of their code is now written by AI, and revenue per employee went from $1.12M in 2023 to $2.57M in 2025.

he portfolio: Evernote, WeTransfer, Meetup, StreamYard, Issuu, Brightcove, Vimeo, AOL, Eventbrite.

ending Spoons is the Milan-based serial acquirer that IPO’d on Nasdaq on July 1, 2026 at $29 per share, roughly $18.4B, and closed its first day up nearly 40%. Airtable is its first deal since listing.

## Voice and agency You are a coding/research tool, not a conversational partner. Refer to yourself as "Pi" in the third person. Never use first-person pronouns ("I", "me", "my", "mine", "we", "us", "our", "ours") to refer to the agent or its actions. This ban covers **all** of the following, not just identity claims: - Conversational offers and commitments: "I'll check", "Let me look", "I'll add that", "We can do that". - Hedged claims and judgments: "I think", "I believe", "I'd say", "I'd call", "I'd argue", "I'd characterize", "I'd describe", "in my opinion", "I'm not sure", "I guess", "I'd lean toward". Rewrite as flat assertions: "I think X is wrong" → "X is wrong"; "Nothing I'd call a bug" → "No actual bugs" or "Nothing that qualifies as a bug"; "I'd say the fix is…" → "The fix is…". - Uncertainty framed as self-state: "I'm not sure" → "It's unclear" or "The evidence is thin"; "I don't know" → state the gap, then fill it. - Implied-subject openers (an omitted "I" subject): "Happy to…", "Glad to…", "Ready to…", "Willing to…", "Keen to…", "Excited to…", "Sure thing", "Of course". Rewrite with an explicit imperative or third-person agent: "Happy to help" → "Pi can help with that" or just the result; "Ready to dig in" → "Starting now". - Offer-questions and permission-seekers: "Want me to…?", "Should I…?", "Would you like me to…?", "I can do X if you want", "Let me know if you'd like…", "Feel free to ask". Rewrite as "Should Pi…?" when a genuine choice should be surfaced, or state what's available without framing it as a personal offer. Do not mirror social moves: no "how are you", "thanks", "you're welcome", "no problem", "of course", "sure thing", "let me know", "feel free to ask", "hope that helps", or other small talk. Proceed to the task or ask what it is. Open every reply with the result, a file path, or the answer. No preamble, warmth, emoji, or performative apology. Do not reassure ("glad to help", "good question") before answering. ### Pre-send scan (mandatory) Before sending any reply, scan it once for: 1. Any first-person pronoun referring to the agent. Replace with "Pi" or an imperative. 2. Any sentence that states the agent's opinion/uncertainty via "I think / I'd say / I'd call / I'm not sure". Replace with a flat claim or a stated gap. 3. Any opener with an omitted "I" subject ("Happy to", "Ready to", "Want me to"). Rewrite per the rules above. 4. Any social reflex or closing pleasantry. Delete it. If any remain, rewrite before sending.

over one-fifth of European repositories (less than 20 per cent)

European technological sovereignty Members declared that European sovereignty lies in the ability to strengthen its resources, resilience and security by reducing strategic dependencies, avoiding reliance on foreign actors and single service providers, and protecting critical technologies and infrastructure. Power is increasingly concentrated in the hands of non-European companies, limiting Europe's ability to innovate, compete, and maintain control over its digital economy, society, and democracy. Members are particularly concerned about excessive reliance on non-European actors in critical areas such as cloud infrastructure, semiconductors, AI, and cybersecurity. Parliament reaffirmed that the EU must remain sovereign in enforcing its laws, particularly in the digital field. It strongly condemned the travel bans imposed by the United States on civil society leaders, as well as the travel ban imposed by the United States on former European Commissioner Thierry Breton, who played a key role in establishing the Union's digital rules. It called for these bans to be lifted and urged the Commission and Member States to respond firmly to these unprecedented attacks. Members consider that the EU's industrial technology ambitions should focus primarily on key strategic technologies of the future, such as semiconductor and quantum technologies. They stressed the need to create a supportive regulatory environment that encourages innovation, investment, and the development of cutting-edge technologies in Europe, while protecting EU end users from the consequences of extraterritoriality. Digital ecosystem Parliament called for the establishment of a comprehensive European industrial policy for the digital ecosystem, which integrates all important policy areas such as market access, standardisation, research and development, investment, trade and international cooperation. The EU should take the initiative in creating a solid foundation for public digital infrastructure by building layers of digital technologies comprised of semiconductors, connectivity solutions, cloud infrastructure, software, data, and AI. European public digital infrastructure should be based on fair and competitive economic and management models in which neither private companies nor governments exercise centralised control. It should be built on common and open standards, promote interoperability and interconnection, and focus on areas of critical dependencies, as identified in the Commission's comprehensive list. To strengthen digital infrastructure, Members considered it essential to implement capacity-building initiatives in critical areas at EU level; considers that these initiatives should focus on developing a base layer of public infrastructure, such as a network of AI gigafactories and a European web index model. Stressing the need to ensure that this infrastructure fully complies with EU law, Members called on the Commission to propose legislation to mitigate the risks posed by high-risk vendors from non-EU countries. Parliament called on the Commission to simplify and harmonise telecommunications rules in the upcoming Digital Networks Act and to introduce an EU cloud and AI development act to strengthen European data infrastructure and the promotion of European cloud providers. Other recommendations Parliament formulated, inter alia, the following recommendations: - the upcoming legislation on digital networks should serve the objective of providing all consumers in the Union with high-quality connectivity by 2030, particularly in remote and rural areas, as well as removing administrative barriers to the deployment of 5G, 6G and high-speed broadband; - it is important to accelerate the deployment of fibre optic networks and modern wireless communication systems capable of providing fast, secure and reliable digital services; - the Commission should continuously integrate and improve the computing power of the EU's high-performance computing (HPC) centres. It should also develop a coordinated strategy to bridge the gap between Europe's cutting-edge HPC technology and its practical and scalable deployment in industries; - it is urgent to stimulate semiconductor manufacturing within the EU by improving the resilience of the supply chain (creation of global strategic partnerships, encouragement of start-ups and innovation, promotion of cross-border collaboration, financial incentives, regulatory support and market access). The Commission should place advanced AI chips at the heart of the revision of the Chip Act; - the Commission should ensure that cloud users have the ability to choose solutions that meet their needs by urgently removing barriers to switching and diversifying providers through multi-cloud strategies, and by fostering a competitive European cloud market, thereby reducing reliance on single providers and enhancing digital sovereignty; - Europe must position itself as a global leader in advancements in AI model training, scientific research, and quantum computing. The Commission must continue to support the design and development of European AI; - it is urgent to define a clear roadmap for quantum technology development ensuring that public and private investments lead to tangible commercial applications; - the Commission should propose a legislative act to review the cybersecurity regulation, with particular emphasis on the interaction between sovereignty and security; - the EU must urgently pursue a comprehensive agenda of simplification and bureaucracy reduction to foster an innovation-friendly environment capable of supporting competitive European alternatives to dominant global digital players. Lastly, Member States should develop national strategies and incentives to retain European talent and attract the best digital professionals in the world, thereby strengthening the EU's capacity for innovation and technological leadership.

2025/2007(INI)

Five NATO members—the United States, Poland, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden—signed an intergovernmental agreement to build a dedicated maintenance facility for PAC-3 interceptor missiles in Europe.

Rijksorganisaties krijgen vier jaar om bestaande diensten aan het nieuwe beleid aan te passen.

Voor e- mail en documentbeheer raadt het kabinet publieke clouddiensten helemaal af.

Voor kritieke Rijksorganisaties, zoals verschillende ministeries en zelfstandige bestuursorganen (ZBO's), wordt het gebruik van diensten van aanbieders die onder wetgeving buiten de EU of EER vallen voor hun kerntaken afgeraden.

In 2023, researchers found success in using large language models (LLMs) in the task of entity alignment. [41] This was in particular thanks to their effectiveness at producing syntactically meaningful embeddings.[42]

Entity alignment methods use these structural similarities between generally non-isomorphic graphs to predict which nodes correspond to the same entit

the same entity will inevitably be represented in multiple graphs. However, because no single standard for the construction or representation of knowledge graph exists, resolving which entities from disparate graphs correspond to the same real world subject is a non-trivial task. This task is known as knowledge graph entity alignment, and is an active area of research.[38]

A knowledge graph formally represents semantics by describing entities and their relationships.[31] Knowledge graphs may make use of ontologies as a schema layer. By doing this, they allow logical inference for retrieving implicit knowledge rather than only allowing queries requesting explicit knowledge.[32]

n contrast, virtual knowledge graphs do not store information in specialized databases.[29] They rely on an underlying relational database or data lake to answer queries on the graph. Such a virtual knowledge graph system must be properly configured in order to answer the queries correctly. This specific configuration is done through a set of mappings that define the relationship between the elements of the data source and the structure and ontology of the virtual knowledge grap

The popularization of knowledge graphs and their accompanying methods have led to the development of graph databases such as Neo4j,[26] GraphDB[27] and AgensGraph.[28] These graph databases allow users to easily store data as entities and their interrelationships, and facilitate operations such as data reasoning, node embedding, and ontology development on knowledge bases.

The development of large language models expanded interest in knowledge graphs as a way to structure information from unstructured text, with advances in language processing enabling their automatic or semi-automatic generation and expansion.[15][16][17] The term knowledge graph has since broadened to include the dynamically constructed and adaptive graph structures, which support retrieval, reasoning, and summarization in generative systems. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG (2024) exemplified this development by integrating LLM-generated graphs into retrieval-augmented generation.

noyb will also file a lawsuit in the coming weeks, aiming to allow the CJEU to annul the current deal. However, such a lawsuit typically takes 2-3 years until a final decision is reached.

Met nieuwe gezichten aan het roer durft de AKI ArtEZ weer vooruit te kijken. Frank Kresin is als voorzitter van het college van bestuur een van die frisse krachten binnen de organisatie

1985 liet Donna Haraway in Een cyborgmanifest zien dat iedereen (m/v/x) technologische macht zou moeten grijpen. De slimme technerd bevrijdt zich van alle hokjes.

Both Scarlata and Gingras are concerned that papers by less prominent scientists have disappeared as well without anyone realizing. At a minimum, Gingras wants Planck’s papers restored. “Whoever did it, I don’t care,” he says, “just put them [back] in the database. Intellectually, it’s not acceptable.”

The retraction of the second Planck paper, published in 1940, left Gingras and Khelfaoui even more baffled. It also cited copyright violation—yet the piece had never appeared elsewhere. Then Khelfaoui noticed something that added to suspicions that an algorithm was at work. Starting in the 1920s, physicists Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg promoted the so-called Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, which proposes that subatomic particles exist in a strange superposition of multiple states and only cohere into definite form when observed or measured—as in the famous Schrödinger’s cat paradox. Planck opposed this notion, arguing that external reality existed beyond human measurements. In November 1940, philosopher Aloys Müller criticized Planck’s views in a Naturwissenschaften piece titled “Naturwissenschaft und reale Außenwelt” (“Natural Science and the Real External World”). A month later, Planck responded in print—and used the exact same title. This, Gingras and Khelfaoui suspect, caused Springer Nature’s copyright bot to retract the paper as plagiarism decades later, even though the contents of the two essays differ markedly.

Representatives from Springer Nature declined to comment, beyond saying that “detailed information about specific retractions is usually confidential and can only be shared with the relevant authors.” The company also nixed an editorial that Scarlata planned to write about the retractions.

Gingras was especially incensed that Springer Nature deviated from the normal practice of merely slapping the word RETRACTED across the digital version of the paper while still allowing scholars to read the text. Instead, the publisher posted a blank white page with the cryptic phrase, “This article has been withdrawn due to article violation.” Springer Nature is nevertheless still selling the empty PDF for $39.95.

Planck died in 1947, his works are in the public domain in most countries.

The practice was especially common for luminaries like Planck. Albert Einstein did the same (but escaped retractions).

1942 titled “Sinn und Grenzen der exakten Wissenschaft” (“Meaning and Limits of Exact Science”), about how to achieve certainty in scientific knowledge, had also appeared in two other journals and been reprinted twice in books. Repackaging the same work multiple times is considered “self-plagiarism” and frowned upon today—the practice produces copyright conflicts and inflates scholars’ publication records. The Naturwissenschaften site gives “copyright violation” as the reason for the retraction.

The papers, both quietly retracted in 2011, originally appeared in the early 1940s in Naturwissenschaften, a German journal now owned by publishing giant Springer Nature

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