Oral history questions for Richard Polt on typewriter collecting:

Over the years Joe Van Cleave has done a handful of videos on selectivity and downsizing of one's typewriter collection including: <br /> - The Minimal Complete Typewriter Collection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ej6kd1FsnE <br /> - Culling the Herd https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_ueHE3Whjk <br /> - Downsizing Your Typewriter Collection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eic4lNE0l3Y

And Sarah Everett has one "what's your deserted island typewriter?" (if I had to pick 5 typewriters....) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFqJa9kD-v0

All this to ask Richard: what your downsizing experience has been? What were the criteria by which you chose what to keep? Did you more closely focus your collection into an area, era, style, other? Are you primarily keeping the things you tend to use more frequently? Things in better condition? You started out with how many to end up with how many? If you could start your collecting over from scratch what would you change? Are there things you wouldn't get the second time around? Things you would have spent more time focusing on? What will you continue to collect and at what rate? Naturally, collecting is a very personal thing with respect to individual's specific tastes and experiences (and frequently space!), but I suspect answers to some of these may help others, especially those who are just starting into collecting, or who have a dozen or two machines but who might find value on where and how to potentially focus their efforts. It may also help other collectors and their families who are dealing with appropriately disposing of significant collections, especially in cases where a deceased collector was very passionate and the family just wants to be rid of them quickly (i.e. ideas like Swedish death cleaning and related).

I'm sure reflections on these would be an interesting typecast, but if it's easier to do something like an oral history interview, I'm happy to collect these and a few dozen more questions into an interview format if you've got 30-60 minutes in the coming months to devote to a remote audio/video interviews/mini-podcast or YouTube episode or something similar?

Differentiating between an Underwood SS and the Underwood Rhythm Touch:

comment to James Grooms at https://typewriterdatabase.com/show.23202.typewriter

James, perhaps it's hiding somewhere else in the comments on the database, but I'm curious if you've come across definitive differences between the Underwood SS and the Underwood Rhythm Touch models which have separate pages within the database:<br /> - SS https://typewriterdatabase.com/Underwood.SS.4.bmys - Rhythm Touch https://typewriterdatabase.com/Underwood.Rhythm+Touch.4.bmys

Most of my Google searches don't return anything definitive or with actual sourcing of any sort.

The main page has the SS starting in May 1946 and the Rhythm Touch beginning in July of that year, but doesn't seem to specify between the two in any substantive way. Neither of the two models seems to have had a name printed on it.

Your description here uses both designators, but knowing your penchant for newspaper and magazine advertisements, I would suspect you may have seen specific differentiators.

This Facebook post has some handwaving differentiators: https://www.facebook.com/groups/TypewriterCollectors/posts/10161712887224678/ but none seem definitive or sourced. It also uses the phrase carriage shift, though presumably with these models Underwood had moved to a segment/basket shift on their standards.

Other than the chrome side detailing moving from 3 strips to 5 as you've noted, one of the few differentiators I can see in this era is the shift from the shorter carriage return lever to the longer armed version around 1948 which Robert Messenger notes in https://oztypewriter.blogspot.com/2012/11/on-this-day-in-typewriter-history_25.html. However that same page also has an advertisement on it with the words Rhythm Touch featuring a short armed (older style) carriage return.

Is there really a difference between the SS and the Rhythm Touch or are they the same model with the phrase "Rhythm Touch" used as a marketing tag to compete potentially with Smith-Corona's "Floating Shift"?

Thanks!

The last of the four Landau's problems.

DeepSeek V4-Pro-Max在标准推理基准测试中超越了GPT-5.2和Gemini 3.0-Pro，这表明了开源模型在性能上的巨大提升。

初学者应学习如何将研究成果开放给社区，并应用于实际产品中，这是促进研究发展的关键。

大多数人认为拥有商标或域名的人自然拥有项目的'官方'地位，但作者坚持只有GitHub仓库才是真正的'官方'来源，这挑战了知识产权与项目官方身份之间的常规认知。

大多数人认为埃隆·马斯克的开源贡献（如特斯拉专利）是值得称赞的，但作者认为这些并非真正的开源项目，暗示马斯克的开源承诺是表面性的，与真正的开源精神（如Linux和Kubernetes）有本质区别。

主流观点认为付费的云端LLM服务在质量上显著优于免费开源模型，但作者声称开源模型已经好到大多数用户无法分辨差异，这挑战了付费服务价值主张的核心，暗示AI行业可能面临价值重估。

大多数人认为开源AI模型在性能上无法匹敌闭源商业模型，但作者认为DeepSeek V4在多个关键领域超越了其他开源模型，甚至与顶级闭源模型相当。这挑战了'开源必然意味着性能妥协'的行业共识，暗示开源模型正在迅速缩小与商业模型的差距。

这一性能对比结果令人惊讶，表明开源模型已经能够闭源模型的性能，这可能打破AI领域的封闭生态，促进更广泛的研究合作和创新，同时降低企业采用AI的门槛。

令人惊讶的是：Google的Gemma 4 E4B作为免费模型竟然在多个基准测试中超越了或匹敌了GPT-4o这一业界领先的商业模型。这表明开源和免费AI模型的质量已经达到了商业级别，打破了AI领域由少数大公司垄断的格局。

这句话揭示了Ollama背后的VC驱动模式，这是一种典型的'包装开源项目-获取用户-融资-变现'的商业模式，这种模式往往最终会与开源项目的价值观产生冲突，正如Ollama从本地转向云服务的转变所展示的。

OpenAI推出专门针对网络安全防御的GPT-5.4-Cyber模型，并采用比Anthropic更开放的方法，这反映了AI安全领域的竞争新格局。这种开放与限制之间的平衡，将决定AI在关键安全领域的应用广度和深度，可能重塑网络安全行业的工作方式。

这一数据点揭示了MiniMax M2.7在开源模型中的领先地位，1495的ELO分数表明其在复杂推理任务上已接近或达到顶级商业模型的水平，这对开源AI生态系统的发展具有深远影响。

这种看似开源实则有限制的许可证策略代表了AI领域的一种新兴模式 - '伪开源'。它允许社区参与和评估，但限制了商业应用，可能阻碍了模型的广泛采用和创新。这种做法引发了一个重要问题：在AI模型日益成为基础设施的时代，开源的定义和边界应该如何重新定义？

这一趋势表明AI开发的民主化进程正在加速，传统创新中心的主导地位正在被挑战。开源运动正在重塑全球AI创新格局，使更多国家和参与者能够参与AI发展，可能导致更多元、更具包容性的AI生态系统。

这一声明揭示了开源软件商业化的复杂现实。Cal.com选择保留开源版本但生产代码闭源，反映了开源社区面临的一个两难境地：如何在保持开放精神的同时，保护核心业务免受AI驱动的安全威胁。这种混合模式可能成为未来开源软件的发展方向。

这一声明揭示了开源与商业利益之间的艰难平衡。Cal.com的决定代表了开源社区面临的一个严峻现实：在AI安全威胁下，企业可能不得不牺牲开源原则来保护用户数据。这引发了一个重要问题：开源社区如何应对AI带来的安全挑战？

这个比喻非常有力地揭示了开源与安全之间的根本矛盾。透明度本是开源的优势，但在AI时代却变成了致命弱点，这迫使我们重新思考开源软件的安全模型，以及如何在保持透明的同时有效防御自动化攻击。

这是一个令人警醒的观察，揭示了AI技术如何从根本上改变了安全威胁的格局。AI自动化扫描使攻击门槛大幅降低，从需要专业技能转变为任何人都能使用的工具，这可能导致开源软件面临前所未有的安全挑战。

令人惊讶的是：作者将开源软件比作给攻击者提供保险库蓝图，这种比喻揭示了开源与安全之间的根本矛盾。在AI时代，完全可见的代码结构使弱点识别变得前所未有的容易，这挑战了传统上认为开源更安全的观念。

令人惊讶的是：AI能够在几小时内发现并利用一个存在了27年的BSD内核漏洞，这展示了AI在安全领域的惊人能力。这个事实揭示了传统安全审计方法在面对AI加速攻击时的脆弱性，即使是像BSD这样经过长期审查的开源项目也无法幸免。

令人惊讶的是：在AI助手管理工具领域，一个完全开源的解决方案能够与专有产品竞争，这反映了开源软件在AI领域的强劲发展势头，以及用户对透明度和可定制性的日益增长的需求。

令人惊讶的是：Claude Managed Agents竟然已经有了开源替代品，这表明AI助手管理工具的生态系统正在迅速发展，从专有解决方案向开源模式转变，这可能改变企业使用AI助手的方式。

令人惊讶的是：连知名的ffmpeg项目都负担不起这种补贴价格，更不用说实际价格了，表明AI安全分析的成本已经超出了许多开源项目的能力范围，可能导致安全鸿沟扩大。

令人惊讶的是：Meta聘请了Alexandr Wang领导AI模型开发，但策略发生了重大转变，从之前的完全开放转向部分开放，保留最大和最强大的系统闭源。这表明即使是最大的开源支持者也在根据市场现实调整策略，在开放、安全和商业利益之间寻求新的平衡。

令人惊讶的是：Reddit上的/r/localLlama社区已经形成了自己的月度顶级模型讨论传统，这表明开源AI模型社区已经发展出了相当成熟的组织结构和信息共享机制，这种自下而上的社区驱动模式在AI领域相当独特。

令人惊讶的是：Anthropic为Project Glasswing项目投入了高达1亿美元的模型使用积分和400万美元的直接捐款，用于支持开源安全组织。这种大规模的资金投入反映了AI安全威胁的严重性和解决这一问题的紧迫性。

大多数人认为开源社区有足够的安全能力和资源来维护关键基础设施。但作者明确指出开源维护者一直被单独应对安全问题，暗示了开源安全状况比普遍认为的要脆弱得多。

令人惊讶的是：Apache 2.0许可证对商业应用的开放程度令人印象深刻，它不仅允许完全的商业使用，还没有任何使用限制或上限。这意味着基于Apache 2.0许可证的AI模型可以自由地用于创收的商业项目，为开发者提供了极大的商业灵活性。

令人惊讶的是：NVIDIA选择将其量子AI模型完全开源，包括权重、训练框架和数据集。这种开放策略与科技巨头通常的封闭做法形成鲜明对比，表明量子计算领域可能比其他AI领域更注重开放协作，这可能加速整个行业的发展。

令人惊讶的是：在实际项目中，研究分支代码和其他后端实现比查阅学术论文更有价值。这揭示了AI代理在实践中的学习偏好，也表明开源社区的实际贡献往往比理论研究更能提供直接可用的优化方案。

令人惊讶的是：开源语言模型生态系统已经发展出约1500个主流模型，其中包括阿里巴巴的Qwen、DeepSeek和Meta的Llama等知名模型。这一数字表明，开源AI领域已经形成了相当规模和多样性的生态系统，远超许多人的想象。

令人惊讶的是：开源语言模型生态系统已经发展到约1500个主流模型的规模，这远超许多人的想象。阿里巴巴、DeepSeek等中国公司与Meta这样的科技巨头共同塑造了这个庞大而多样化的生态系统，显示了开源AI的蓬勃发展。

点出了AI时代知识生产的根本悖论。大模型的知识基础源于人类曾经无私的公开分享，但这种提取式的单向关系最终会摧毁开源与分享的激励结构。当“公开思考”成为被剥削的源头，人类知识的公共生态将不可避免地走向枯竭。

一篇发表在 arXiv 的纯数学论文提供了完整的 Python 源码——这在数值分析领域仍属少数，但正在成为趋势。令人印象深刻的是实验规模：均匀 N×N 网格（N 最大 128）、五个不同粘性系数、两种多项式次数，在二维空间上的完整参数扫描。可复现性不只是 AI 领域的议题，数学论文同样值得这样的透明度标准。

「与专有模型相同的安全协议」——这句话针对的是企业和主权机构客户，暗示 Google 正在用开源模型打「安全牌」吸引政府和监管严格行业。对于不愿依赖 OpenAI/Anthropic 闭源 API 的企业，E2B/E4B 提供了一条「可审计、可部署、可监管」的路径，而 Google DeepMind 的安全背书是这条路的核心说服力。

Gemma 4 采用 Apache 2.0 许可证，是 Google 开源模型历史上最宽松的授权——此前 Gemma 系列的许可证在商业使用上存在模糊地带。这次转变意味着 E2B/E4B 可以被任何企业无限制地商业部署在自有硬件上，直接与 Llama 4 和 Qwen 3.5 在许可证层面实现对等竞争，开源生态博弈格局由此改变。

大多数人认为先进的视频理解模型通常会被商业公司保留作为专有技术，但作者选择开源模型和实时推理框架。这一反直觉的决策挑战了AI研究中常见的封闭做法，表明作者更注重推动领域发展而非商业利益，这可能加速整个视频理解领域的技术进步。

大多数人可能认为初创公司需要依赖昂贵的第三方API来处理大量图像，但作者通过使用开源SAM模型，实现了大规模图像处理而不产生巨额成本。这一观点挑战了'高质量AI服务必须昂贵'的行业共识，展示了开源模型在成本效益方面的优势。

大多数人认为开源模型在性能上无法与闭源/专有模型相提并论，但作者声称Gemma 4是'字节对字节最强大的开源模型'，挑战了这一行业共识。这暗示开源模型在特定指标上已经超越了商业闭源模型，是一个非传统的观点。

Endovenous ablation is contraindicated or relatively unsuitable when venous anatomy precludes catheter-based treatment, specifically: aneurysmal dilation of the GSV close to the saphenofemoral junction, subcutaneous location of truncal veins above the saphenous fascia and close to the skin, and significant tortuosity of the GSV or SSV. [1] In these scenarios, high ligation and stripping is recommended as the preferred alternative (grade 1 strong recommendation

Identificadores de Git y su funcionamiento

Comment by Janneke_Adema: Comment by danallosso: Interesting -- what would it look like to have a shared annotation layer that could be accessed by a variety of tools?

Comment by Janneke_Adema: Comment by chrisaldrich: This explanation also highlights an additional idea of open itself. I have heard many in the W3C space criticize the open standard of web annotation arrived at because of the ultimate monoculture of the space. Most of the participants of the process were all related to Hypothes.is in some way and the result was a single product that implemented the standard. To my knowledge no other companies, groups, or individual programmers have separately implemented the standard.

In this sense, while the "standard" is openly defined, it isn't as open as other standards which were mote slowly evolved and implemented gradually and more broadly by various programming languages and disparate groups.

Comment by Janneke_Adema: One of the complaints I hear more and more often from academics is that traditional publishing houses are actually no longer doing this work. Editing and formatting are increasingly outsourced to academics themselves (as are indexing etc.) and even marketing is something publishers ask authors to so themselves using their social media profiles and academic brands. This is one of the issues many scholar-led publishing initiatives are trying to address, by highlighting for example the various processes that go into creating a scholarly publication and giving these due recognition. Mattering Press is at the forefront of this:https://www.matteringpress.org/

http://www.csisponline.net/2014/06/18/from-openness-to-openings-reflections-on-the-experiments-in-knowledge-production-workshop/

Comment by Janneke_Adema: If this special issue of Ephemera ever comes out (I have been keeping an eye out for it but nothing as yet) it might be highly relevant for this discussion: http://www.ephemerajournal.org/content/labour-academia-0 Back issues of Ephemera do cover topics related to this discussion too though, so might be a relevant resource anyway (and OA!)

https://github.com/gkuhlman/opencard

via https://www.reddit.com/r/BaseballScorecards/comments/1rmm21e/opencard_110_is_live/

https://www.facebook.com/groups/olympiasg1/posts/1506621080656301/

also:

Greg Riutzel:<br /> That's how I see it. I measured it once. I put the ribbon in stencil, typed a lower case "h" and marked approx where the top of the type slug was on the paper. Then repeated with an upper case "H". The marks were just a tad over 7.5 mm apart checking with a rule. No precision of course but close.

The number printed on the ring in the basket of Olympia typewriters, just above and to the left of the word "De Luxe" is the distance from the baseline of the bottom slug character to the baseline of the top slug character.

In many instances it will be 7.6. I'm curious what other typefaces show and if this thesis holds?

Even US firms are using Chinese models because they are so much cheaper. They do not use them for everything, but where they can get away with lower cost options they will.

Las iniciativas que se amplían y permiten ver múltiples perspectivas, crecen debido a que el talento se puede esconder en las manos que no tienen la oportunidad.

are they really innate?

Some of my question is a tad rhetoric as I suspect that this current book is making an argument that there is a genetic basis for why/how it all works the way it does. It's also a question I know that Kelly has had buzzing around for a while.

Large swaths of these practices have been taught and handed down from one person to another and from one group to another for millennia as well, but the other question is if they've been independently re-discovered across time or if they've changed/evolved the way in which languages have shifted over these same time frames.

Is there stronger evidence that this form of permanent writing to an audience of gods was being done? Sources?

What is the general history of oval-shaped architecture? Is there an explicit link between the Oval shape of the complex at Ibgal, the temple (or house) of Inanna in Lagash and the oval office at the White House?

Keep in mind that modern knowledge of large portions of the Ancient Near East only surfaced after the 1800s, so the tradition would have required intermediaries from the ANE into other cultures to be passed down to the building of the White House in 1792.

Can one discern specific colonialist policies that the Uruk had as their culture spread in the Ancient Near East?

Potentially an early historic form of a receipt?

This statement belies the power of orality and the size of built communities without literacy. It's more a question of understanding how it was done and how communities either trusted (or didn't) those who memorized the materials.

Another factor is how long one needed to remember various facts, especially if for commerce and over what spaces?

Were there stratifications of society based on the power of memory here? Compare the anthropology and archaeology with the studies by Lynne Kelly.

Find archaeological papers which described how Mesopotamians in the ANE organized their documents.

Mention via @Podany2013

Conference on open search, in the context of digital sovereignty. #2026/10/05 to #2026/10/07 (tentative), hybrid, open to general interested public. Location:: Berlin

Curious as to what their angle on digital sovereignty wrt search will be/is.

Martin reports having used Porstmanns Karteikunde in his youth circa 1975 when it was widely used in offices.

Open question: Did Luhmann teach zettelkasten practices while at Speyer?

(via https://forum.zettelkasten.de/profile/chrisaldrich)

Presumably (is there a way to check), Luhmann gave this lecture while he was teaching from 1965-68 in his position at the Sozialforschungsstelle an der Universität Münster (Social Research Centre of the University of Münster).

3:58 "GrapheneOS ist das sicherste, bisher nie von einem Geheimdienst gehackte Betriebssystem."

nein. selbst mit 100% open-source software, die man selber kompiliert mit einem open-source compiler, selbst damit hast du:<br /> closed-source hardware, closed-source firmware, closed-source netzwerktreiber, hardware backdoors in CPUs und GPUs, kompromittierende abstrahlung.<br /> also mit GrapheneOS kannst du deine attack surface nur verkleinern, aber sicher nicht auf null reduzieren.<br /> es ist auch immer die frage, was ist dein threat model, also wie mächtig sind deine gegner, und wie wichtig bist du.<br /> für state-level actors wie NSA oder Mossad bist du praktisch immer angreifbar.<br /> das betrifft praktisch alle consumer-grade hardware, und echte sicherheit hast du nur mit military-grade hardware, aber die kannst du nicht kaufen, genauso wie militärwaffen.<br /> opsec für anfänger... dabei haben wir 1000 andere probleme die jetzt wichtiger sind, vor allem selbstversorgung.

https://udel.edu/~mcdonald/mythptc.html

Was this the white substance mentioned in Erwin Schrodinger's Mind and Matter (Schrodinger1992b) chapter 6?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democritus

Was the epithet "laughing philosopher" used as a mnemonic device for Democritus?

Le Sneakernet : Repenser le Partage de Données à l'Ère de la Big Tech

Résumé Exécutif

Face à la mainmise croissante des géants de la technologie (Big Tech) sur les données personnelles et les infrastructures numériques, un mouvement alternatif émerge : le sneakernet.

Ce concept, qui désigne le partage physique de fichiers hors ligne, s'oppose directement au modèle centralisé et commercial de l'internet actuel.

Des collectifs d'artistes et d'activistes développent des initiatives concrètes pour réhabiliter des pratiques d'échange de données autonomes, locales et matérielles.

Les principales conclusions de l'analyse des sources sont les suivantes :

• Le Problème Central : Les données hébergées sur des plateformes comme Google Drive, iCloud ou Instagram n'appartiennent pas aux utilisateurs mais aux entreprises qui les stockent.

Celles-ci contrôlent l'accès, peuvent en modifier les conditions et exploitent les informations de navigation, créant une forte dépendance et un risque de surveillance.

• La Solution Sneakernet : Ce "réseau basket" repose sur l'échange physique de données (via clés USB, par exemple) à la "vitesse des jambes".

Il représente une démarche de reprise de contrôle sur la circulation de l'information, en marge des infrastructures traditionnelles.

• Les Initiatives Clés :

◦ Les "Data-Foires" de l'Outdoor Computer Club : Des événements où les participants échangent des fichiers sur un ordinateur collectif, souvent alimenté par des sources d'énergie autonomes, promouvant une gestion consciente des ressources et une vision de la technologie comme un "commun".   

◦ Le projet "Dead Drops" d'Aram Bartholl : Un réseau mondial et participatif de clés USB scellées dans des murs, fonctionnant comme des "boîtes aux lettres mortes" anonymes pour l'échange de fichiers.   

◦ Les serveurs DIY du collectif Actinomy : Des ateliers pour construire ses propres mini-serveurs portables, permettant un hébergement local et privé, créant ainsi une "chambre à soi" numérique indépendante des grandes plateformes.

• La Philosophie Sous-jacente : Le mouvement critique "l'obésité de la donnée" et la course à la vitesse.

Il propose de retrouver un "affect par rapport aux données" en privilégiant des échanges plus lents, plus intentionnels et en réutilisant des technologies plus anciennes pour répondre à des enjeux politiques actuels comme la surveillance.

En conclusion, le sneakernet n'est pas une simple nostalgie technologique, mais une réponse politique et pratique à la structure de pouvoir de l'internet moderne.

Il démontre que des alternatives artisanales et autonomes existent déjà pour échapper au contrôle des plateformes et repenser notre rapport à la technologie et aux données.

1. La Problématique : Dépendance et Perte de Contrôle à l'Ère Numérique

Le modèle dominant de l'internet actuel, contrôlé par un nombre restreint de grandes entreprises technologiques, pose un problème fondamental de souveraineté sur les données personnelles.

• Propriété des Données : Une fois stockés en ligne sur des services comme Google Drive, iCloud ou postés sur des réseaux sociaux, les fichiers, photos et documents "deviennent la propriété des plateformes numériques qui les hébergent."

La perception de possession par l'utilisateur est une illusion, car ce dernier perd le contrôle direct sur ses propres créations.

• Contrôle de l'Accès : Les entreprises qui gèrent l'accès et le stockage (telles qu'Amazon, Microsoft, Oracle, Google et Meta) ont le pouvoir unilatéral de "décider de nous faire payer plus cher ou carrément de nous couper cet accès."

• Exploitation des Informations : L'acceptation des cookies autorise les entreprises à utiliser les informations de navigation des utilisateurs, transformant leurs goûts et intérêts en données monétisables.

• Dépendance Structurelle : La facilité d'utilisation de l'internet à haut débit et du stockage "infini" sur le cloud a créé une telle dépendance que l'on "n'imagine même plus comment faire sans".

Cette situation est décrite comme une "mainmise des big tech sur nos vies."

2. Le Sneakernet : Une Alternative au Réseau Global

En réponse à cette centralisation, le sneakernet propose un paradigme radicalement différent, fondé sur l'échange physique et déconnecté.

• Définition : Le terme "sneakernet" signifie littéralement "réseau basket".

Il désigne un réseau d'échange physique fonctionnant "à la vitesse des jambes".

C'est "l'antithèse de l'internet actuel", où les données transitent par des infrastructures de câbles et d'ondes.

• Contrôle et Matérialité : Le principal avantage est le contrôle total sur le chemin de l'information.

Comme le souligne un participant, "on a le contrôle sur par où l'information elle passe, dans ta poche, dans ta main et dans sa poche et donc en ça c'est hors du réseau."

• Une "Innovation" Rétro-Technologique : Le mouvement propose d'utiliser des technologies plus anciennes pour répondre aux problématiques contemporaines.

Un organisateur explique : "Nous, on imagine qu'en prenant peut-être des technologies plus anciennes, on propose une autre vision de l'innovation."

Cette approche est justifiée par le fait qu'elle a "du sens par rapport à ce qui se passe politiquement aujourd'hui autour de l'internet."

3. Initiatives et Projets Phares

Plusieurs collectifs d'artistes et d'activistes ont mis en place des projets concrets pour matérialiser les principes du sneakernet.

Les "Data-Foires" de l'Outdoor Computer Club

Ce collectif, dont les organisateurs utilisent les pseudonymes "Jeff Bisou" et "Xavier Nul", organise des événements d'échange de données hors ligne appelés "data-foires".

• Concept : Un ordinateur est installé dans un lieu (par exemple, une forêt), où les participants peuvent déposer et récupérer des données via des clés USB.

• Autonomie Énergétique : L'installation est souvent alimentée par des "batteries au lithium, de récupération" connectées à un convertisseur qui fournit un courant standard de 230 volts.

Cette démarche soulève des questions sur la gestion collective de l'électricité, perçue non "comme une ressource infinie" mais en fonction des besoins réels.

• Contenus Partagés : Les échanges sont hétéroclites, incluant :

◦ Musique, logiciels, brochures. 

◦ Scans 3D.   

◦ Un documentaire de Mathieu Rigouste, "Nous sommes des champs de bataille".  

◦ Une thèse scientifique sur un hydrogel supramoléculaire utilisé pour cultiver des cellules cancéreuses.  

◦ Le site d'une maison d'édition, présenté en avant-première.

• Limites et Modération : Le système n'est pas parfait, avec la présence de "pas mal de fichiers corrompus" et de transferts incomplets.

Cependant, la modération se fait "de manière fluide vu que tout le monde est là en présentiel", permettant de retrouver plus facilement une personne malveillante.

• Philosophie : L'initiative promeut l'idée de "penser l'ordinateur comme un commun".

Le partage d'une machine unique s'oppose à l'usage individuel habituel et transforme la relation à la technologie en une pratique collective.

Dead Drops par Aram Bartholl : Un Réseau d'Échange Anonyme

Initié en 2010 par l'artiste et professeur d'art numérique Aram Bartholl, ce projet est l'une des incarnations les plus connues du sneakernet.

• Concept : Des centaines de clés USB sont scellées dans des murs et autres lieux publics à travers le monde, formant un "réseau d'échanges ouvert".

Le nom "Dead Drops" est une référence aux "boîtes aux lettres mortes" utilisées en espionnage pour déposer des documents de façon anonyme.

• Caractère Participatif : Chacun peut installer une "dead drop" dans sa ville, contribuant ainsi à l'expansion du réseau.

• Évolution Politique : Initialement artistique, le projet a acquis une nouvelle signification militante avec la montée en puissance de Big Tech.

Il invite désormais à s'interroger sur les moyens d'échapper "à la dépendance vis-à-vis des plateformes numériques, mais aussi à leur surveillance".

Serveurs DIY du Collectif Actinomy : Reprendre le Contrôle de l'Hébergement

Pour atteindre une autonomie complète, le collectif Actinomy, basé à Brême, propose d'apprendre à construire soi-même des serveurs locaux et privés.

• Concept : Lors d'ateliers "do-it-yourself", les participants fabriquent de "petits serveurs informatiques portables en forme de porte-clés".

• Fonctionnement : Ces mini-serveurs ne peuvent héberger qu'une page internet légère, accessible uniquement via un réseau Wi-Fi local très restreint.

Le site n'est pas visible sur l'internet mondial mais sur un "petit réseau parallèle".

• Objectif : Cette démarche vise une "reprise de contrôle sur ses informations".

Elle est comparée à la création de "sa propre chambre à soi dans la grande maison de l'Internet mondiale", en opposition aux immenses fermes de serveurs centralisées qui tournent 24/7.

4. Principes et Philosophie du Mouvement Sneakernet

Au-delà des aspects techniques, le sneakernet est porteur d'une vision critique et d'une philosophie alternative de la technologie.

• Critique de "l'Obésité de la Donnée" : Le mouvement remet en question la logique du "toujours plus" (plus de vitesse, plus de stockage).

Il s'interroge : "Est-ce qu'on veut juste envoyer des fichiers hyper lourds le plus vite possible et tout, ou est-ce que on veut retrouver un certain affect par rapport aux données ?"

• Valorisation de la Donnée Précieuse : Dans un contexte de transfert physique, les participants ont tendance à apporter une "petite quantité de données", généralement celles qui "leur semblent précieuses", une sélectivité qui se perd avec le haut débit.

• L'Ordinateur comme un "Commun" : Le partage d'une seule machine lors des data-foires transforme l'ordinateur d'un objet personnel en une ressource collective, modifiant la relation individuelle à la technologie.

• Conscience Énergétique et Matérielle : L'utilisation de systèmes d'alimentation autonomes et de récupération force à une réflexion sur la gestion collective de l'énergie et sur l'empreinte matérielle des infrastructures numériques.

• Sécurité par la Proximité : La présence physique des participants lors des échanges crée une forme d'autorégulation et de responsabilité qui n'existe pas dans les interactions en ligne anonymes.

5. Conclusion : Une Vision Alternative pour l'Avenir Numérique

Le mouvement sneakernet, bien qu'il puisse paraître "utopique ou rétrograde", constitue une critique pertinente et une alternative tangible à l'écosystème numérique actuel.

Il démontre que l'autonomie face aux grandes plateformes est possible.

Le futur, selon cette perspective, pourrait impliquer de "moins stocker, moins partager et héberger en local pour vraiment échapper au contrôle des grandes plateformes".

Ces alternatives artisanales et autonomes ne sont pas de simples expérimentations ; elles représentent une proposition politique concrète face aux défis de la surveillance et de la centralisation du pouvoir numérique.

for - observation - anti-science blowback

• SRG comment- anti- science blowback - competing narratives now out in the open, gaining momentum

Not just about getting jobs: goal setting, feedback (formative learning), PLA, sense of belonging. Wow!

Even before they were actually portable, a key benefit was rooted in portability and verifiability (and, to what purpose: "flexible and accessible way to recognize and communicate skills"). That is the WHY. And that ethos has been lost (or never acquired) by too many. There could be opportunity to refocus and zoom way in on the why and the key benefits.

https://koha-community.org/

https://www.reddit.com/r/librarians/comments/181wmhy/a_free_library_managing_softwaresystem_than_can/

Somewhat curious of the dates/times of the creation of these tabbed cards. Surely made in the 20th century, but since Warburg was likely creating notes in the late 1800s, where does this sit with respect to the invention of the tab card in 1894 claimed by Progressive Indexing and Filing (Remington Rand, 1950, p205)?

[6] Fritz Saxl, The History of Warburg’s Library (1886-1944) cited in Gombrich 1970, p. 329; Marchand 2023, p. 186; Steiner 2013, p. 155; Wedepohl 2014, p. 389.

It's only in a physical card system one might worry a bit about "best place" for a card. Some of it is down to one's future self being able to find it, but cross-references could have been placed or an amanuensis might have created an exact copy for multiple copies in many locations.

What does Ernst Bernheim have to say on the topic of filing?

for - open source - sankey diagrams - for sustainability - Sankey Shift

for - open source - farming - archived - Open Farm

for - open source - food foraging - Berkeley Open Source Food

for - open source food facts - Open Food Facts

for - open source - world population data - Worldpop

for - open source - Carbon emissions Sankey diagrams

for - open source - GIS - openroute service

for - open source - 3D geospatial - Cesium

for - open source - opensearch

for - comparison - food production - open field vs greenhouse - 4 kg / sq. meter - open field - 80 kg / sq. meter and 25% of open field water.- greenhouse

for - urban metabolism - open source - urban metabolism - metabolism of cities

Did Robert C. Russell and Margaret King Odell specifically use the Major System as the model for their Soundex phonetic algorithm for indexing?

Inspired by this section, though not specifically suggested:

In Greek, Roman, and even Christian (saint) traditions, most gods (saints), were closely associated with one or potentially a few attributes which made it easier to give them short hand identifications and also to use them in mnemonic traditions. It would seem that in Celtic traditions, that the gods (or heroes) were better delineated people with broader and fuller characters which didn't play into this sort of mnemonic/oral piece in the same way.

Donn in Irish traditions seems to fit this mold. What other evidences could be brought to bear to back this up?

https://www.reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1ov02h8/backing_material_2/

Experiments with different backing sheets in typewriters.

A Shore A 60 silicone backing sheet wasn't a great improvement. A 0.3mm TPU sheet with 75A to 80A may prove better results?

If melodrama helps uncover environmental harm, when does it go too far? Is there a point where it's polarization becomes counterproductive?

Introduction to Functional Analysis<br /> by [[Casey Rodriguez]] via MIT Mathematics | MIT OpenCourseWare accessed on 2025-10-30T14:15:24

Introduction to Functional Analysis<br /> by [[Richard Melrose]] via | Mathematics | MIT OpenCourseWare<br /> accessed on 2025-10-30T14:14:14

Was "fancy thinking" used in a pejorative sense prior to this article? Are subsequent uses of it poking fun of the parallelism (to fancy bookplates) which Adler sets up here?

The making of a personal index is a first step in building a mesh of knowledge. In just a few years, Vannevar Bush will speak of "associative trails" a phrase he uses twice in "As We May Think" (The Atlantic, July 1945), but of potentially more import is his phrase "associative indexing" which lays way to either juxtaposing or linking two ideas (either similar or disjoint) together. It bears asking the question of of whether it's more valuable to index and juxtapose similar ideas or disjoint ideas which may more frequently lead to better, more useful, and more relevant and rich future ideas.

It affords an immediate step, however, to associative indexing, the basic idea of which is a provision whereby any item may be caused at will to select immediately and automatically another. This is the essential feature of the memex. The process of tying two items together is the important thing. Bush, Vannevar. 1945. “As We May Think.” The Atlantic 176: 101–8. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/303881/ (October 22, 2022). #

Someone who indicates that they use both "commonplace book" and "zettelkasten" systems. I'm curious how they differentiate the two, particularly because they seem to both be done on index cards.

Sort of sounds like zettles are her own ideas vs. commonplace for the ideas of others.

At 4:40 she seems to use linear numbering on her zettels and not Luhmann-artig numbering.

Introduction to Metric Spaces <br /> by [[Paige Bright]] via | Mathematics | MIT OpenCourseWare<br /> accessed on 2025-09-27T16:42:53

from where does he draw the idea "code-script"? Is it from the developing information theory of the time? Somewhere else?

There is definitely the idea of a code running in the sense of programming, which was likely not a common conceptualization at the time.

On p. 22 he uses the phrase "law-code" which is likely the closer meaning of code he's using and not the sense of genetic code as understood much later when DNA and the underlying protein coding sequences were unraveled.

Morse code may also be a tangential underlying meaning of his sense of "code" as something unknown but potentially revealable.

How might we apply ontogeny vs. phylogeny in the political sphere within @Lanier2013s framing Who Owns the Future or in the personbyte/firmbyte framing of @Hidalgo2015?

the question on which he'll be focusing the book

Come back when we're done to see how well he may have answered it.

are we seeing patterns? who/what are the big influencers?

Alternately, where is the value in a slip box?

is this true in all cases?

for - AI - progress trap - Open AI device

The free software movement encourages programmers to create many open source projects, including operating systems. These projects are helpful for students because they can read the source code, learn from it, and even change it to practice. Websites like Freshmeat.net and DistroWatch.com are very useful because they collect and share lots of information about open-source software. Freshmeat.net lets people find new software updates, while DistroWatch.com gives details and comparisons of different Linux distributions. Both websites are good resources for learning, exploring, and supporting the open source community.

This report came up in conversation. Compares 20yrs of EU digital policy to everything open. -[ ] lees report digital commons na 20jr EU digipol #geonovumtb

https://www.openhumanitiespress.org/books/series/technographies/

https://www.openhumanitiespress.org/about/community/

for - open knowledge commons - cosmolocal - Indyweb - Holons and many others

for - learned new term - open cooperative - this is an important subset of cooperative Cooperatives alive are insufficient for construction commons business systems because they can still be capitalistic cooperatives! - question - is Mondragon a capitalist or open cooperative?

Abstract

In May & June 2025, Duke University Libraries (DUL) staff successfully implemented Anubis, a configurable open source web application firewall (WAF), in order to stave off persistent onslaughts of AI-related bot scraping activity. During this pilot period (May 1 - June 10, 2025), aggressive bot scraping led to extended outages for three critical library platforms (Duke Digital Repository, Archives & Manuscripts, and the Books & Media Catalog), and in each case, implementing Anubis mitigated the problem.

Permalink

https://hdl.handle.net/10161/32990

Citation

Aery, Sean (2025). Anubis Pilot Project Report - June 2025. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/32990.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5JXgPDgXJC0

Aligns with motivations for open source tech.

for - question - progress trap - open source AI models - for blackmail and ransom - Could a bad actor take an open source codebase and twist it to do harm like find out about an rogue AI creator's adversary, enemy or victim and blackmail them? - progress trap - open source AI - criminals - exploit to identify and blackmail victiims

for - adjacency - Michelin star - Michelin tires - I never made the connection until now! Wow! - key insight - Michelin stars - a scam

summary - This documentary was very eye-opening - As a foodie, I've always viewed the Michelin start system as representing the best and most creative culinary ideas - It's shocking and disappointing to see how exploitative it is - This expose does tie together many feelings of cognitive dissonance I've seen surrounding it - For example, I saw the cartoon character pose a few times but I never made the connection that it was the same avatar as the Michelin tire's avatar - Then when I saw the history and the two brothers who started the Michelin tire company, it suddenly made sense - It is a pay-to-play, Euro-colonialist system that performs cultural appropriation

alternative to - Michelin Guide - This revelation is disheartening as it destroys a myth I have long lived with - It also raises an opportunity in the form of a question - ? - Can we create a global open-source guide that is based on authentic, unbiased culture?

for - quote - natural language acquisition - wrong guess - right answer - adjacency - natural language acquisition - open mind

reminds me of Wengrow's primordial freedoms. We can't have the freedom to improve society if we can't imagine something different.