- Mar 2024
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Explorers, amateurscientists, and early ethnologists like William Byrd all assumed—andunabashedly professed—that inferior or mismanaged lands bred inferior,ungovernable people.
Assumptions of the 1700s America
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Slavery was thus a logicaloutgrowth of the colonial class system imagined by Hakluyt. It emergedfrom three interrelated phenomena: harsh labor conditions, the treatment ofindentures as commodities, and, most of all, the deliberate choice to breedchildren so that they should become an exploitable pool of workers.
While there is a strong thread of hierarchical male domination over women and their bodies, is some of the anti-abortion movement in the 21st century an historical appendage or outgrowth of "breeding children" as an exploitable pool of workers for capitalists?
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Annotators
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- Jan 2024
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Zusammenfassender Artikel über Studien zu Klimafolgen in der Antarktis und zu dafür relevanten Ereignissen. 2023 sind Entwicklungen sichtbar geworden, die erst für wesentlich später in diesem Jahrhundert erwartet worden waren. Der enorme und möglicherweise dauerhafte Verlust an Merreis ist dafür genauso relevant wie die zunehmende Instabilität des westantarktischen und möglicherweise inzwischen auch des ostantarktischen Eisschilds. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/31/red-alert-in-antarctica-the-year-rapid-dramatic-change-hit-climate-scientists-like-a-punch-in-the-guts
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- expert: Matthew England
- sea ice loss
- Record low 2022 Antarctic sea ice led to catastrophic breeding failure of emperor penguins
- Nerilie Abram
- Bellingshausen Sea
- Recent reduced abyssal overturning and ventilation in the Australian Antarctic Basin
- British Antarctic Survey
- Kaitlin Naughten
- East antarctic ice sheet
- The Largest Ever Recorded Heatwave
- Ice core records suggest that Antarctica is warming faster than the global average
- 2023-12-30
- Tony Press
- Matt King
- Southern ocean overturning circulation
- Antarctica
- Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science
- Abyssal ocean overturning slowdown and warming driven by Antarctic meltwater
- Denman glacier
- expert: Lesley Hughes
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
- May 2019
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annotatingausten.sfsuenglishdh.net annotatingausten.sfsuenglishdh.net
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ill-breeding
"Bad or inferior breeding or bringing up; hence, Bad manners, rudeness" (OED).
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- May 2017
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nfnh2017.scholar.bucknell.edu nfnh2017.scholar.bucknell.edu
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frost heave
Before the understanding of frost heave, there was a widely held belief that rocks and stones could grow and multiply. Stones were believe to grow from small pebbles. These stones then rose to the surface of the ground. Another belief was that stones were the offspring of “mother-stones” or “breeding-stones.” Today, it is known that this motion of stones moving upwards toward the surface of the ground is due to frost heave. Frost heave occurs when water in soil or rock freezes and thaws in a cyclic process. This causes an upward movement of the surface of the ground due to the freezing of water underneath. Geologist Stephen Taber from the University of South Carolina proved through extensive research that “it was not expansion, but rather the formation of ice lenses by segregation of water from the soil as the ground freezes that is the principal cause of frost heave.” He also showed that liquids other than water can also cause frost heave. The direction of heave is governed by the growth of ice lenses. Ice lenses form perpendicular to the direction of heat flow, so it is not always the case that frost heave occurs in the path of least resistance (Manz, 2011).
References
Manz, L. (2011). Frost Heave. Geo News, 18-23.
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