for - critique - of Watson & Cricks DNA - agency of organisms

critique - of Watson & Cricks DNA - agency of organisms - Watson & Cricks advocated the now disproven idea that causality is only one direction - from genes to - proteins to - functionality of living organisms - when in fact, it goes the other way, giving the high level living organism agency

for - purpose in nature - exorcism of - Ray Noble - quote - gene centered view - organisms as machines - exorcism - Ray Noble - gene centered view

for - key insight - multicellularity - memory wiping

• key insight
  • individuals have information in their memories about survival
  • when they merge and join, they pool their information and you can't tell whose memories came from whom initially
  • this memory wiping is a key aspect of multcellularity

investigate - salience of memory wiping for multicellularity - This is a very important biological behavior. - Perform a literature review to understand examples of this

question - biological memory wiping - can it be extrapolated to social superorganism?

for - individual or collective behavior - slime mold - prisoner's dilemma and slime molds - slime molds - me vs we - me vs we - slime molds - adjacency - slime molds - me vs we - multicellular organisms

• quote
  • You have the slime mold and you put a piece of oat which the Slime wants to eat and
  • it starts to crawl towards that oat and then
  • What you can do is you can take a razor blade and just cut off that leading edge
    • the little piece of it that's moving towards the oat
  • Now as soon as you've done that
  • that little piece is a new individual and
  • it has a decision to make
    • it can go in and get the oat and exploit that resource and not have to share it with this giant mass of faizaram that's back here or
    • it can first merge back and connect back to the original mass
      • because they can reconnect quite easily and then they go get the oat
  • Now the thing is that the the payoff Matrix looks quite different because
  • when it's by itself it can do this calculus of "well, it's better for me to go get the food instead of and not share it with this other thing"
  • but as soon as you connect, that payoff Matrix changes because there is no me and you
    • there's just we and at that point it doesn't make any sense to the fact that
    • you can't defect against yourself so that payoff table of actions and consequences looks quite different
    • because some of the actions change the number of players and
    • that's really weird

adjacency between - slime molds - me vs we -multicellular organisms - social superorganism and societal breakdown - adjacency statement - A simple slime mold experiment could make an excellent BEing journey - to demonstrate how multicellular beings operate through higher order organizational principle of collaboration that - keeps cells aligned with a common purpose, - but that each cellular unit also comes equipped with - an evolutionarily inherited legacy of individual control system - normally, the evolutionarily later and higher order collaborative signaling that keeps the multi-cellular being unified overrides the lower order, evolutionarily more primitive autonomous cellular control system - however, pathological conditions can occur that disrupt the collaborative signaling, causing an override condition, and individual cells to revert back to their more primitive legacy survival system - The same principles happen at a societal level. - In a healthy, well-functioning society, the collaborative signaling keeps the society together - but if it is severely disrupted, social order breakdown ensues and - individual human beings and small groups resort to individual survival behavior

• for: Cambrian explosion, 2D to 3D organisms

• insight

  • During the Cambrian explosion, there was a major evolutionary transition from bottom dwellers that lived on the flat bottom of the ocean to organisms evolved to explore the entire 3D water column. Some of the evolutionary adaptations that made this possible were
    • eyes that supported vision and perception of distance
    • representation of space and time

• for: example, example - MET and FET insufficient for MST

• example: MET and FET insufficient for MST

• paraphrase

  • Eukaryotic single-celled organisms appear in the fossil record by approx. 1.6 BYA (Knoll et al., 2006).
  • Yet for a “boring billion” years of evolutionary history, they remain minor components in bacterial-dominated ecosystems
    • before explosively radiating as large, multicellular species in
      • an Ediacaran and
      • Cambrian MST.
  • Eukaryotes are obviously essential for this MST, as all
    • animals,
    • plants and
    • fungi

  • are eukaryotes.

  • However, the initial appearance of eukaryotic cells seems insufficient for a MST

• fresh perspective

  • cancer can be interpreted as a breakdown in the bodies multiscale competency architecture causing cancerous cells to lose their higher level synchronizing signals and revert to their more evolutionarily primitive forms as individuals that see the body as simply an external environment

• adjacency between

  • gap junction coupling
  • cancer
  • healthy tissue coherence
  • multiscale competency architecture
• adjacency statement
  • gap junction coupling appears to be an evolutionary means of cohering individuals together to form a larger group
  • hence, they seem to play a critical role in the continued evolution of more complex multicellular organisms
  • their pathologies within multicellular beings destroy multicellular structures and create disease, reverting the organism, or competent multicellular structures of the organism such as tissues and organs back to individualistic behavior, as in cancers

• for: evolutionary design, organisms - problem solving
• key insight
  • organisms as evolution's way of solving a specific problem
  • hence, organisms are by their very nature, solvers of specific evolutionary problems of how to best adapt to an environment, and that includes our own human species

Ideas as organisms/virus

An interactive network of bibliographic connections between some central proteins of the circadian clock, along with links to some major model organisms.

The “other” category now includes:

*Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)

*Parvovirus B19

*Enteroviruses,

*Varicella-zoster virus

*Epstein-Barr virus

*Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

*West Nile virus, and

• Zika virus (ZIKV).

The most complex events in embryogenesis involving the sensory organs take place during the first few weeks of pregnancy, making the eyes and ears particularly vulnerable. The fetus does not have the immunologic mechanisms needed to eliminate the organism, leading to immunologic tolerance and chronic infection.

The most common eye finding of congenital infections is a chorioretinal scar. Congenital cataracts, optic nerve atrophy, or hypoplasia may also be found.