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  1. Jan 2024
    1. to write a strong paper, you will need to examine a text both subjectively and objectively. If you only write about your personal reaction to a book, there won't be much to support your argument except your word alone. Thus, you will need to use some facts from the text to support your argument. Rather than trying to evaluate every nuance of a text all at once, you should start with the basics: character and plot. From there, you can examine the theme of the work and then move on to the finer points such as the writing itself. For instance, when determining how you want to analyze a piece of literature, you might want to ask yourself the following series of questions: Who are the characters? What are they doing? Why and how are they doing it? Do their actions relate to any broader topics or issues? How does the author convey this through their writing?

      how to write a strong literature

    1. Fusion is a nuclear reaction in which two or more nuclei, the centers of atoms, are forced together and combine creating a new larger atom. This reaction gives off a tremendous amount of energy, usually as light and solar radiation

      Fusion makes two or more nuclei formed into one bit atom therefore creates a big amount of energy, as light and solar radiation.

    2. Even white light from the Sun, which seems like an uninterrupted continuum of wavelengths, has gaps in some wavelengths. The gaps correspond to elements present in the Earth’s atmosphere that act as filters for specific wavelengths

      The while light from the sun has wavelengths has gaps, the gaps are element on Earth that acts a filter for some wavelengths.

    3. redshift

      It is very interesting to see two different things, being sound waves and light waves, be compared using the dopplers effect. In my day to day life I am exposed to the Doppler effect contently when people honk while driving by my work or when a siren goes by. For that effect to be used to find the speed and direction of galixes is mind boggling.

    4. e Doppler effect is the same process that changes the pitch of the sound of an approaching car or ambulance from hi

      I wonder how far something is changes color

    5. If the star has enough mass and reaches a point at which the primary fusion element, such as helium, is exhausted, fusion continues using new, heavier elements.

      It always fascinated me with how basically ALL of our elements are the result of a star being made or dying.

    6. A black hole and its shadow have been captured in an image for the first time in 2019,

      i thought black holes wouldn't have shadows since the gravitational pull is so strong it can distort light.

    7. In a supernova, the collapse of the core suddenly halts, creating a massive outward-propagating shock wave. A supernova is the most energetic explosion in the universe short of the big bang. The energy release is so significant the ensuing fusion can make every element up through uranium

      it would be so interesting to be able to see a supernova form. the pictures they have produced are mesmerizing.

    8. If the star has enough mass and reaches a point at which the primary fusion element, such as helium, is exhausted, fusion continues using new, heavier elements. This occurs over and over in very large stars, forming progressively heavier elements like carbon and oxygen. Eventually, fusion reaches its limit as it forms iron and nickel.

      its amazing how many metals are direct products of the processes of the stars

    9. Applying this process to light from distant stars, scientists can calculate the abundance of elements in a specific star and visible universe as a whole. Also, this spectroscopic information can be used as an interstellar speedometer.

      this is fascinating stuff, great minds at work came together to answer some of science's burning questions.

    10. Every light on this image that does not have diffraction spikes is believed to be an entire galaxy, with hundreds of billions of stars, demonstrating the immense size and scope of the universe.

      Like the previous videos we watched, understanding just how huge this scale is so difficult. Every light can be a galaxy in itself, that's wild!

    11. Stars start their lives as elements floating in cold, spinning clouds of gas and dust known as nebulas. Gravitational attraction or perhaps a nearby stellar explosion causes the elements to condense and spin into a disk shape. In the center of this disk shape, a new star is born under the force of gravity. The spinning whirlpool concentrates material in the center, and the increasing gravitational forces collect even more mass. Eventually, the immensely concentrated mass of material reaches a critical point of such intense heat and pressure it initiates fusion.

      I did not know how stars are born, this is very interesting to learn how stars are born.

    12. Each beam of light is a unique mixture of wavelengths that combine across the spectrum to make the color we see. The light wavelengths are created or absorbed inside atoms, and each wavelength signature matches a specific element.

      I did not know any of this information, this is something new that I learned.

    1. Primary type (the one I identify with most closely)

      Realistic, social and enterprising. Im outgoing like to work with hands I like to make a difference and I'm also confident..

    1. Geoscientists use the geological time scale to assign relative age names to events and rocks, separating major events in Earth’s history based on significant changes as recorded in rocks and fossils.

      It is always interesting to see thes different layers of rocks and sediments on wonder what the earth looked like back during the formation of each individual layer.

    1. This temperature differentiation resulted in the inner four planets of the solar system becoming rocky, and the outer four planets becoming gas giants.

      Just thinking if our planet was either closer/farther away from the sun, what would our planet look like? Would it still have us humans on it?

    2. Jupiter’s massive gravity further shaped the solar system and growth of the inner rocky planets. As the nebula started to coalesce into planets, Jupiter’s gravity accelerated the movement of nearby materials, generating destructive collisions rather than constructively gluing material together [14]. These collisions created the asteroid belt, an unfinished planet, located between Mars and Jupiter.

      This shows the impact Jupitar has in the solar system

    3. The planetary composition of the gas giants is clearly different from the rocky planets. Their size is also dramatically different for two reasons: First, the original planetary nebula contained more gases and ices than metals and rocks. There was abundant hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and less silicon and iron, giving the outer planets more building material. Second, the stronger gravitational pull of these giant planets allowed them to collect large quantities of hydrogen and helium, which could not be collected by the weaker gravity of the smaller planets.

      This shows why the gas planets are different from the rocky planets.

    4. Jupiter’s gravity accelerated the movement of nearby materials, generating destructive collisions rather than constructively gluing material together [14]. These collisions created the asteroid belt, an unfinished planet, located between Mars and Jupiter. This asteroid belt is the source of most meteorites that currently impact the Earth.

      I never really understood why the Asteroid belt never really disbanded, because its in between Mars and a Gas Giant Jupiter.

    5. The nebular hypothesis is the idea that a spinning cloud of dust made of mostly light elements, called a nebula, flattened into a protoplanetary disk, and became a solar system consisting of a star with orbiting planets [12]. The spinning nebula collected the vast majority of material in its center, which is why the sun Accounts for over 99% of the mass in our solar system.

      I never really understood how Scientists figured out some of this information since I feel like there really wouldn't be enough to know about.

    6. The XXVIth General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) stripped Pluto of planetary status in 2006 because scientists discovered an object more massive than Pluto, which they named Eris.

      RIP Pluto.

    7. Jupiter’s gravity accelerated the movement of nearby materials, generating destructive collisions rather than constructively gluing material together

      Jupiters formation seems to have had a big impact on the rest of the solar system.

    8. The nebular hypothesis is the idea that a spinning cloud of dust made of mostly light elements, called a nebula, flattened into a protoplanetary disk, and became a solar system consisting of a star with orbiting planets [12]. The spinning nebula collected the vast majority of material in its center, which is why the sun Accounts for over 99% of the mass in our solar system.

      this question tripped me up on the quiz.

    1. The Proterozoic Eon, meaning “earlier life,” is the eon of time after the Archean eon and ranges from 2.5 billion years old to 541 million years old. During this time, most of the central parts of the continents had formed and the plate tectonic process had started.

      I don't understand when it says, "Most of the central parts of the continents had formed and the plate tectonic process had started." wouldn't there need to be plate tectonics already in order for the continents to be formed the way they were?

    2. The formation of the banded iron lasted a long time and prevented the oxygen level from increasing significantly in the oceans since the rocks literally took the oxygen out of the water and formed alternating layers of iron-oxide minerals and red chert

      This is very interesting to learn that banded iron lasted a long time and prevented the oxygen level from increasing.

    1. __________________________________________________________________

      I am a traditional student. One advantage is I don't have a family that I have to worry about and take care of.

    2. __________________________________________________________________

      I am a traditional student and there are advantages to being this type of student. An advantage I have as a traditional student is the fact that I am already used to taking notes and being in a classroom environment.

    3. __________________________________________________________________

      I am a traditional student. One advantage I have is that I am used to staying up to complete school work.

    4. __________________________________________________________________

      im a traditional student. some advantages i have are being used to taking notes and being used to reading textbooks. My parents are returning students and i saw how it was kinda hard for them to adjust because a lot of stuff has changed with schools.

    1. used 3 of the communication Characteristics

      Irreversible is one of the characteristics of communication listed above, but I don't understand how it could be used. Unlike the other characteristics, it's more of a fact since it can't be adapted to circumstance.

    1. In order for plate tectonics to work as it does currently, it necessarily must have continents. However, the easiest way to create continental material is via assimilation and differentiation of existing continents (see Chapter 4).

      Then how did plate tectonics work when the entire world was just one country called Pangea?

    1. Self-fulfilling prophecies are thought and action patterns in which a person’s false belief triggers a behavior that makes the initial false belief actually or seemingly come true (Guyll et al., 2010). For example, let’s say a student’s biology lab instructor is a Chinese person who speaks English as a second language. The student falsely believes that the instructor will not be a good teacher because he speaks English with an accent. Because of this belief, the student doesn’t attend class regularly and doesn’t listen actively when she does attend.

      I have heard of a self-fulfilling prophecies but that's not what I remember them being. These can be silent downfall. Most people don't even know that they are doing this to themselves. I wonder if these can work in reverse? This is why you should keep an open mind about people.

    1. The verbal and nonverbal feedback we get from people affect our feelings of self-efficacy and our self-esteem. As we saw in Pedro’s example, being given positive feedback can increase our self-efficacy, which may make us more likely to engage in a similar task in the future (Hargie, 2011). Obviously, negative feedback can lead to decreased self-efficacy and a declining interest in engaging with the activity again.

      Communication is important on everyday to day bases. When it is positive it can help motivate and push us to be better. When it is negative most people tend to shut down and not try as hard. Some can take negative feedback and turn it into something positive and not let it hurt their self esteem. People with a strong Emotional IQ can take criticism better.

    1. Our cultural identities and our personalities affect our perceptions. Sometimes we are conscious of the effects and sometimes we are not.

      This is something that I have always tried to notice. When people grow up in similar ways they tend to relate to each other on a personal level. Where when you grow in different living situations, cultural backgrounds, economic backgrounds , you can still be friends. The relationship is different though. You can't fully understand the differences you two have.

    2. Studies show that people are generally able to predict how another person will behave toward them based on an initial interaction. People’s accuracy and ability to predict interaction based on first impressions vary, but people with high accuracy are typically socially skilled and popular and have less loneliness, anxiety, and depression; more satisfying relationships; and more senior positions and higher salaries (Hargie, 2011).

      First impressions are important in all aspects of your life.weather it is a personal relationship of a business relationship. How you behave and come across will affect how other see you in the future. If you are having a bad day and snap at someone you don't know, when they see you in the future they might assume that you are a mean or grouchy person.

    1. If you are expecting a package to be delivered, you might pick up on the slightest noise of a truck engine or someone’s footsteps approaching your front door. Since we expect something to happen, we may be extra tuned in to clues that it is coming.

      I thought this was really interesting. When people are expecting something I think they hear what they want to hear and see what they want to see.I feel like this is defiantly something everyone goes through but It is not always recognized. I thought it was interesting that our brain has all these subconscious thoughts and undertones that we don't fully understand until after the moment.