44:17 Private Balance + Government Balance + Foreign Balance = 0 (I-S)+(G-T)+(X-M)=0

L'association de deux sujets qui n'ont pas de corrélation vérifiéé, revient dans la conclusion en contradiction avec la conclusion de l'étude de Ramdoss, S et al.

En contradiction avec l'hypothèse :

Results suggest that CBI should not yet be considered a researched-based approach to teaching communication skills to individuals with ASD. However, CBI does seem a promising practice that warrants future research. Les résultats suggèrent que le CBI ne devrait pas encore être considéré comme un approche fondée sur la recherche pour enseigner les compétences en communication aux personnes ayant Troubles du Spectre Autistique. Cependant, le CBI semble être une pratique prometteuse qui justifie des recherches futures.

In contrast with the concept of "involuntary attention". Both types of attention utilize different sections of the brain and perform their tasks with incredible difference. Despite GSU students generally lacking a space to induce involuntary attention for rejuvination, I'd like to question and understand how our urban environment shapes the brains of our students differently than those with access to green spaces. How has prolonged direct attention created a difference in urban campus students compared to classic university students.

defined as, "suggests that mental fatigue and concentration can be improved by time spent in, or looking at nature."

Regardless of the parks avaliable to GSU students, none seem to specifically meet the standards set by Kaplan to maximize benefit: "-Extent (the scope to feel immersed in the environment)

-Being away (providing an escape from habitual activities)

-Soft fascination (aspects of the environment that capture attention effortlessly)

-Compatibility (individuals must want to be exposed to, and appreciate, the environment"

Immediatley avaliable green spaces within Atlanta hardly separate themselves from their own city envirlonment and meerly provide a small area recreational area rather than an escape. http://www.ecehh.org/research-projects/attention-restoration-theory-a-systematic-review/

In relation to GSU's severe lack of student avaliable green space, "The natural world has previously been depicted as a restorative environment that replenishes ones resources and urban environments such as cityscapes have been seen to potentially reduce attentional capacity."

https://positivepsychologyprogram.com/attention-restoration-theory-nature-lets-solve-problems/

This idea sums up the focus of this paper; the impact of natural spaces on the mind of students and how open green space revigorates mental fatigue. Many large closed campus schools (UGA, Georgia Tech, Berry, etc) feature the beauty and vigor of their campus' alongside their academic triumphs. The campus of a university must allow itself to create differentiated spaces based on necessities for relaxation versus work. Georgia State struggles with this concept by consistently immersing it's students within a bustling city life with fairly little down time.

What quality of open spaces replenishes cognitive function? How does this tie into Georgia States "cramped" campus?

REVISION & RESPONSE: open, specifically natural, spaces replenish cognitive function by relaxing the brain and thought processes of a student. These spaces are less visually intensive than the typical information overload of a student's standard day. Georgia State, despite a severe lack of open space, does offer Hurt and Woodruff parks as alternative green areas to relax within. This lack of open space is an important issue within the built environment of GSU, as we lack a scientifically backed attribute of student success that most closed campus universities can offer.

Arguably bold claim; regardless of backing source for information, how do students perform on average with an explosion of technological progress over the past 20 years compared to before smartphones were widely popularized?

Technology absolutely depletes student's "attentional resource", yet we see an increased trend in technological innovation within classroom spaces; is this setting students up for failure by providing distractions from their work?

Technology has arguably also greatly enhanced the students ability to learn, share resources, and more accurately/timely locate information beneficial to their success rather than simply create distraction.

Does GSU conform to this standard? Is it necessary/true? How does GSU make up for a lack of "open spaces" utilizing it's built environment to establish a holistic learning space?

Georiga State strays from Scholl/Gulwadi's ideals; establishing an interconnected learning environment through downtown Atlanta by creating a community of students who not only share like minded goals but also campus space together. Although the city lacks the natural relaxation nature can provide to alleviate stress, I believe students find solace in the student body culture of the university.

What role does technology play in the promotion or degradation of our learning and how does this tie in with how our attention is directed?

Revision + Response: As technology becomes increasingly intertwined with all aspects of life, including education, concern should be raised as to how being consistently connected to an online space not only distracts us, but prevents natural attention rejuvination from students specifically, furthering levels of fatigue. As the evolution of education ties itself closer to technology and reliance on online spaces, it seems like the system is setting itself up for failure in the long run by breaking the division between educational spaces and natural/recreational ones.

This is extremely important to the general thesis of the piece and summarizes all the information before this statement well. How is learning facilitated outside of classrooms on campus? What creates a "holistic" learning space? How does a campus teach outside of it's classrooms?

Revision + Response: A holistic learning space/experience details the entire daily process of a student's day, and their interactions in space between classrooms + nature. The process of learning expands beyond taking in information; internalizing ideas through natural experiences. Holistic learning experiences create a balance between work, extra curricular activities, and student social lives which allows them to continue education through an optimal, healthy process.

Thesis statement of the piece. What is an "attentional learning resource"? What is a "natural landscape" How do these concepts interact with one another.

Revision + Response: The natural landscape of a university refers to the "green space" of a campus and it's relationship with the buildings that surround it. The natural landscape being an attentional learning resource outlines how learning and attention are facilitated outside of a classroom; the greenspace of a campus rejuvinates the mind allowing for students to relax but also mentally prepares them to continue their learning experience with less fatigue. The natural landscape of a campus is integral to the continued learning experience of it's students as it subconciously decompiles stress/depression.

Describes what I am currently struggling with

How does this relate to the "perfect" built environment for learning? How does GSU defy these standards? How does GSU refute this claim

What are those needs? In what ways are they "diverse" and "evolving"? This sentence assumes "holistic learning spaces" are "good." Here's a source that outlines a debate about "holistic education"

What I am curious about is how indirect attention and restoration can be used to create new college campuses? What does that entail?

I totally agree with this statement but how exactly are they going to do it?

This sentence is consider the thesis statement. It talks about how the landscape of a university campus could effect the learning of a student. Which connects to the whole essay.

the word permeable means capable of being permeated : penetrable; especially : having pores or openings that permit liquids or gases to pass through according to the Marriam Webster dictionary http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/permeable

If this is so, then why is the majority of classrooms (if not all) inside? Wouldn't this actually be a distraction for the student in a learning environment? Since there is to many things happening around the student might not be concentrated.

This topic sentence relates to the essay because it depicts how the students need to interact with nature, and a whole community outside of classrooms. As mentioned, the student is not closed up in a room where ideas cannot be created or found. It is good for the student to get some learning outside of a classroom, especially if it has to do with their major.

relating to or concerned with complete systems rather than with individual parts http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/holistic

a perceptual structure, placement, or arrangement of objects on Earth. It also includes the space in between those objects. Patterns may be recognized because of their arrangement; maybe in a line or by a clustering of points. https://www.una.edu/geography/lights_night/step_1.htm

These features help students forget that their at a college campus and helps them become more attentive, for example hurt park located at Georgia State.

to form in to a concept or make a concept of someting. http://www.dictionary.com/browse/conceptualization

Many people have different perceptions of what nature is , it could refer to anything green for some or open spaces for others.

This is very important and is mostly applicable to colleges located somewhere urban such as Georgia State where global warming would pose more of a threat.

Many of these "early" colleges are still present today.They were probably built in rural locations to help students avoid distractions.

A perfect example to support this statement,is the Georgia State plaza,Its an open space where students can go sit during class break.It gives students a sense of community as you're surrounded by your peers.

I couldn't agree with this statement more.College is definitely one of the most challenging times in a student's life.

This statement illustrates how the design of a campus plays an important part on whether students choose to attend it or not.

This represents the main claim of the article and gives an insight on what the article is about.

This could be a double edged sword like the statement describes. On one hand the use of technology has shown to decrease the students attention space with "something more interesting" in the palm of the students hand, but some students work better in this condition. The student will just have to know themselves and their own limitations to base their future classes on that.

With the digital age now approaching I think this may slightly change. Some students like the classroom because it's a time for them to meet other people and interact. Maybe some kids like the alone time with nature and over time with both opinions of in class or online classes.

This is an interesting statement to make seeing that many students do tend to lean towards the digital age. It also acknowledges the fact that the new generation does have additional methods of learning in the day and age.

I feel like to a certain extent everyone feels as if their particular University should offer a certain feel to it. May it be a foreign University of a national one. For example, I love the city and I love Atlanta. The combination of store fronts in between classes the plethora of different types of people is actually exciting to me.

This statement doesn't really apply to me. I honestly like the feel of the "concrete jungle" that GSU offers. I feel as if the change in landscape wouldn't help me learn any better.

Position piece means there will be a call to action!

This is an annotation about the entire piece: I find it strange that this entire article fails to mention the rise of online learning. Online learning from my personal experience requires even more direct attention than learning in a traditional classroom setting, thus making the need for nature restoration even more crucial.

The authors brought up their claim again in the conclusion to remind readers. For me, the article was quite repetitive and at some points I read the words without fully capturing the content. But I do understand their claim for the importance of nature on college campuses.

Traditional form of learning is also vital, it is like going back to the basics. Traditional learning can help with the hollistic learning also. I believe both are important, it is just some need to use one form more than the other. I would like to use the hollistic form but I need the traditional form more at times.

I work better in the indoor nature settings because it is more private and not too overwhelming. I am not a fan of bugs and grass makes me itch so I enjoy being inside even though I still appreciate nature. Having plants and other natural resources inside is a great balance.

Even if we try to act as if what surround us doesn't affect how we act, our surroundings play a huge role in our actions and even in our education as it is argued in this piece.

I've been to many universities that are not large in size, but they still function like a small city so size is does not really affect how they function. Their operating system is what determines how they function.

Some people like having things on standby just in case they want to use it and this is the case with the green spaces. Sometimes, professors want to do things out of the ordinary and take class outside.

This phrase says "we" as a generalization of everyone and i disagree because everyone has different interpretations of landscape.

In this part of the class, I now know that this quote is really true because we have been studying in this class how landscapes affect human behavior.

I think that it is unfair for students to have to pay more for their education based on the looks of the school rather than the quality of their education.

Once again, a lot of students won't focused on these characteristics unless they are in a special field or unless students really care about open spaces for recreational activities.

Unless students are going into a major that requires the use of laboratories, students won't pay attention to the quality of their school's laboratory.

The college life is one of the most exciting experiences that a person will have in their life. In both small and big campuses, there are always actives happening on the daily basis and many students look for a campus that is correctly built for these activities.

What is their relevance to this topic? No title present means lack of credibility for the author.

It is not merely an "aesthetic" approach to campus design, is is enhancing educational value. This is important to remember when writing the summary.

Now that I think about it, if a student plans to live on campus, the design of the building is really important to him or her because those buildings will be the buildings were they will spend their college careers.

If you plan to attend a university or college outside of your home city or state, then you should expect a difference in design. However, if you plan to attend a university or college inside your home city or state, the design will remain the same for the most part.

Here is the call to action! We "need" and "there is a need."

I must have missed something because I read this article as a bunch of examples of how college campuses are designed to create a balance. I will have to reread to understand the aspect of unbalance.

• As a student, I pay more attention to the quality of the education that I am receiving. Is the landscape really important when you’re getting an education?

This is so interesting. Going to school in the city, it is much harder achieve this because of constant stimulation. I struggle with this on a daily basis and often times be as drastic to leave the city on vacation in order to reset.

My theory is, the point in which people start to have trouble paying attention after a prolonged period of cognitive demands, reflects a bell curve in relevance to age. A young elementary aged child can only pay attention for so long before he/she becomes distracted. The length becomes longer and longer through adolescence and college age and most of adult life, and then once a person starts to become elderly, it declines.

Operational definition of nature

There is pretty much a subjective definition to everything. The definition of any single word can be defined subjectively based on a persons personal experience of that word.

This is implying that campuses or at least areas designed for students to study are needed to often allow them to balance out their minds and relax while working to keep them in a set pace where they don't feel obligated or frustrated inside a building or type of closed-in room.

Feeling constantly stressed out can cause a student or a person to latch out in assertive behavior.

Human to nature interaction usually can reflect from one another as the human becomes almost "one with nature" being able to communicate and circulate through it whereas if the human was in a structured environment, they almost feel as though they are a bird caged.

This implies that a natural environment instead of a structured one urges to ease the mind to be open and circulate, not feel closed up or to cause any pain to it.

Because most campuses were designed for students being capable to travel by foot or through pavement, the parking lots or decks or garages for those who either commute to campus or the faculty and staff of the campus are usually placed in the outer barrier of the campus because of the structure that has been already primarily set. Plus, in a way to eliminate any danger of those traveling to class being struck by a vehicle on the way.

Traditional college campuses that have been around for nearly over centuries were created in rural territories to keep students in separating them from the "outside world" while living amongst it. Recently, newer college campuses are built in either urban or suburban areas to expose the student to the world around them. For example, when I previously went to Valdosta State, the school campus is all in one area and the city of Valdosta surrounds it making the campus the center of the city. Transferring to Georgia State, the campus is so expanded that it takes 15 minutes for me to walk from my dorm to the classroom buildings whereas it was a quick 5 minute walk from my dorm that was across campus from the classroom buildings back in Valdosta.

This I don't believe to be true. Mainly because the advancement of technology has made it quicker and easier for the student to be able to obtain information especially because "back in the day" it was difficult to get so much information all at once because the researching process was brutal. Being able to "google" a research thesis for a certain type of project gives the student immediate access to what they need and are looking for. It cuts the research process down nearly 5x.

This is true, and I'm not just saying as a college student myself although the personal connection is intact. Even though adults with families and labor jobs are more likely to go through the same thing, I believe personally it is true for college students because of the pressure of having to attain a degree to get a "good-working" job, and then financial struggles of being a college student due to loans if taken and the cost of supplies for certain classes and courses.

This is implying that the structure of a college campus must be almost closed in to be a "proper" learning environment for its students.

These changes include how the environment and structure of such colleges and universities have changed.

Being a student at Georgia State, a school that has been listed as one of the top 5 most innovative universities in America, I've noticed that this claim holds much truth. Georgia State's continuous innovation caught my attention in 2015, thus being the reason I chose to attend the university. Here is the article listing Georgia State as one of The US's most innovative universities: http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities/innovative

"Effective functioning" goes back to the authors belief that campuses must respond to the prevailing philosophy of education.

The process of re capturing an idea from a different perspective.

Being indoors in a classroom makes me feel confined to the space and as a student being in a tight space with droopy colors it tends to make me feel less comfortable and I lose interest in the lesson.

This statement is very true colleges are like mini cities they usually function in towns where they are the only thing out there and populations are larger then the city itself.

This type of learning reminds me of elementary, middle, and high school when teachers would "teach to the test." There would be no stimulating and "outside of the box teaching". Teachers drilled facts and vocabulary as a result learning fatigue sat in.

Let us remember that GSU understands the importance of green spaces. Kell Hall is going to be demolished soon and a green space will be developed in that space for GSU students.

Climate change, also called global warming, refers to the rise in average surface temperatures on Earth. An overwhelming scientific consensus maintains that climate change is due primarily to the human use of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the air. The gases trap heat within the atmosphere, which can have a range of effects on ecosystems, including rising sea levels, severe weather events, and droughts that render landscapes more susceptible to wildfires.

Source,, http://www.takepart.com/flashcards/what-is-climate-change

I went back to this sentence because "personal growth" stood out. How can a university promote personal growth if it is in a secluded area? I look at personal growth as having an opportunity to explore many aspects of learning. Being in a secluded area, does not offer these opportunities..

Scholl and Gulwadi present the issue at hand in this first sentence. Colleges and universities lack stimulating learning spaces that appeal to this generation of college students.

Does this sentence suggest that universities were built on the classical learning theory, i.e., learning takes place by making a new association between events in the environment? If so, this is what the authors are suggesting in this article. The environment needs to be conducive for attentional learning.

Peter Radloff advances the idea of "learning ecology". A learning ecology is an environment that is consist with how learners learn. Radloff questions whether we treat time and space seriously enough in teaching and learning.

Source: https://search.oecd.org/edu/innovation-education/2675768.pdf

The authors open the article with the important issue of meeting " diverse and evolving needs of today’s college student". It is important to look at the history of the evolution of campus open spaces in order to understand where universities started and the direction that they need to go..

As a student, I agree with this statement. Instead of exploring a concept in a hands- on manner, we use search engines because they are at our fingertips. For example, a student maybe exploring the effects of sap on trees but instead of going outside looking at the sap, students google it. This does not give students the live experience.

Studies show that students that are involved in extra-curricular activities are more successful in college. Becoming involved in organizations,allow students to get hands-on experience in the field they will be working in.

Georgia State is located in downtown Atlanta. The universitie's structure resembles its downtown location, e.g., tall buildings that were once downtown offices. This makes Georgia State a part of the downtown community. Downtown and Georgia State have a relationship. Different tourist attractions welcome GSU students and give special discounts to them

many times towns developed around universities

From personal experience, this is true. Very, very true.

My suspicion is that there really isn't one

And extreme amounts of stress, many times to the point of getting in the way of learning

Truer words have never been said

With the modern university environment, I find this to be, for lack of a better word, rubbish

While having a well landscaped campus is always a nice thing to have, I'm not sure I agree that it is essential to a good learning environment

the real challenge will be expanding the educational program while maintaining quality of education

the expenses of books alone at universities is significant

while adapting to new generations is always something that needs to happen, I'm personally not so sure the twenty-first century digital age is entirely conducive to learning

The qualifications for merit based scholarships that are state funded are becoming steeper, e.g., The Zell Miller Scholarship. This makes it difficult for students to receive scholarships that were once readily available.

This is shocking to me that the shift from classical learning to a more science based learning happened so early in history. I began to research classical learning in America and this article makes it seem as if the 19th century was still heavily practicing classical learning. Therefore, this paragraph is misleading.

This is the historical goal when planning and building campuses. Interesting to read while being a student at Georgia State University, a school placed in the middle of a busy city. The every day distractions brought about by being in the city may be hurting us more than most think. Also, the term "unlimited time" is particularly captivating. I cannot think of any person who devotes "unlimited time" to college and learning, which is quite sad!

The point of the article is to explain ways to "conceptualize future campus planning" remember this quote when writing summary

With the growing popularity of online learning, it is reasonable to conclude that the amount of time spent outside of the classroom will continue to increase. Thus increasing the importance of other campus space.

What makes a college campus effective? I would operationally define "effective" in this article as: a campus that facilitates learning and student social and academic engagement.

The campus landscapes of the future should have some type of student input in my opinion because we have to spend the majority of our time in there and we know what would allow for the best learning in the digital era.

I believe that if some classes were outdoors it would help with the students mental fatigue especially with the lighting of the classrooms. i remember last year i had a couple classes outside on the roof of urban life and it was just refreshing to get into a new space.

This category is exactly how GSU is built but i believe the university is making strides to have a little bit more green spaces for us on campus.

the term involuntary attention is one that strikes me as being funny because i can see this happening in my astrology class something interesting will be going on in plaza and i just stare out her window.

who is to say that a student learns better on a traditional campus than an urban one? i for one feel like its a better space to see the things i learn about in action which helps me retain the knowledge better .

It is a problem to try and define nature because most people view nature as grass and trees but nature can in fact be the buildings that surround a person in the city.

Like University of Georgia (UGA). It's all the way in Athens in a very quite, not fully developed city. It can feel lonely there. Its a completely enclosed campus. Its just like a miniature city.

Nature dominant campuses I feel like can really exclude students from the outside world. Being surrounded by nature can really be challenging because that is not what they will get it in the real world. Unless you decide to live up in the mountains then that it a different case.

I agree with this statement completely. In open campuses you get more career and job opportunities and you can easily find connections being in the same vicinity as other business buildings and such. This is yet another example that ties greatly with GSU.

in todays generation, nature is anything green.

maybe its just me but I disagree with this completely. I think natural scenery is nice and all but it gets boring after a while. There is not much you can do other than just look at it and take pictures. what he describes sounds like a nice getaway but in real life no one wants to be around trees all the time. City life can be refreshing as well. It gives you a real life experience and its nice to be around a lot of people.

enclosed campuses with open spaces is a great advantage of secluded college campuses. It gives students opportunities to do activities or do experiments that are otherwise not possible in open campuses like GSU.

example: Georgia State University and Georgia Tech. These two are great examples of an amorphous campus, spread out with no designated enclosed space.

Having colleges being excluded can be a good and bad thing. Good thing because obviously students can pay attention more and focus only on school. It can be a bad thing because it narrows it down to a certain few who can afford to go that college because it forces you to pay for housing and food rather than having the option to commute and living in the comfort of your own house.

This is very true not only for Americans but for foreigners as well. They expect all college campuses to look like Harvard or Princeton, but these are just stereotypes. For example Georgia State University is not your average college campus. Its in the heart of Downtown with buildings and classes scattered all over.

The college experience I feel like is different for everyone mainly because we all have different backgrounds, goals, financial situations, work ethic, and time management skills. We all have our strengths and weaknesses. College experience for some people is partying and having a great time; for others is working hard to get an education and get a great job with great pay.

By having resources for students nearby makes it easier to get help and succeed.

Sometimes being indoor getting boring because there's no excitement in the room like colors or posters. I get sleepy by starring at blank walls.

meaning without a clearly defined shape or form.

Knowledge is power.

Why just "Americans"?

I support this statement. After class, I like to sit in the courtyard and relax. It gets me prepared for my next class, because the tension from my last class is gone. It also helps clear my mind.

This is somewhat true and not true. Technology has been helping me without losing my attention span. For example, I am doing annotations on my computer and looking up definitions to different things in the article on my phone. Sometimes I can get side tracked but it depends on the assignment I'm working on.

Earth Day is an annual event, celebrated on April 22, on which day events worldwide are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection. It was first celebrated in 1970, and is now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network and celebrated in more than 193 countries each year. #BEGREEN

Aesthetic means concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty. So this quote means it goes beyond the beauty of the campus.

(something) again or in a new way

I find this statement somewhat true. Colleges or Universities do function like miniature cities. When I was visiting different college campuses, it felt as if I was visiting another life.

As I read the different descriptions, I noticed that Georgia State would fit in that category.It is mostly built.

I find this statement true. I came to Georgia State University because of the job opportunities.

This is telling why people has short attention span and how people start looking into something else and get distracted easily.

Where is the proof?

Or perhaps the students get back to class or studying and are still distracted by what was going on while they were outside. Maybe they are more focused on the game they were playing or what they will do during their next break.

Also known as Land-Grant College Act of 1862 provided grants of land to states to finance the establishment of colleges specializing in “agriculture and the mechanic arts.”

https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=morrill+act+of+1862

If students wanted to attend a college surrounded by nature, they would do so. If they wanted to be at a school in the city, like Georgia State, then that is where they would be. I feel like it is all about personal preference. Also, students don't tend to choose schools based on if they are close to nature or not, but how good the school is, what majors they have, and those sorts of things.

Every college campus has their own design. The article states "...set apart from the community..". Some colleges is not close to nature nor is it set apart from a community. For example, East Georgia State College is located in Swainsboro, Ga. It is set apart from the community and surrounded by nature. Georgia State University is located in Atlanta, Ga. It is apart of a community, and it isn't full of nature. #DifferentColleges #DifferentEnvironments

Not all colleges have the space to proved open space, some only have a certain amount of land, which is often used for all the buildings the school requires.

Studies done about this would have been very informative in the part of the article, as here this is one of the few places that does not have citations. Have there been any studies done pertaining to this? Is there any evidence of this claim?

The authors seem to believe that this restoration is only achieve by being in nature though.

Who though, does nature help? Is it everyone, or a select group? Or does it perhaps differ from person to person?

Holistic education aims to call forth from people an intrinsic reverence for life and a passionate love of learning.” ( Ron Miller) Read more about Ron Miller. Holistic education is concerned with the development of a person's intellectual, emotional, social, physical, artistic, creative and spiritual potentials.

https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=holistic%20learning

They don't define nature fully in their own words, I feel like they use so many references that their meanings don't come through clearly.

Why is in class learning considered "passive or theoretical?" You can do interactive activities in many classes in an classroom setting.

Sure this pertains to students with these specific types of majors, many of whom would choose to attend an agricultural based college, but what about students with other degree programs in mind?

So universities had to evolve as the world evolved, if they hadn't imagine how hard going to college would be. I know there are some schools that don't allow freshman to have cars with them on campus, imagine how difficult that could make school if it were a campus set apart from the city.

It seems that the authors are in full support of classes that require such things as greenhouses and gardens and such, but what about classes that don'n need these things? What about math or government? I wonder what their opinions would be of classes that need only be inside.

The location of the thesis and its premises is similar to the style I was taught in grade school.

In addition to that fact that students are forced to take pointless classes that have no relation to their major, students are always influenced to get involved in many different activities on campus, and it can be really wearing on one's attention. Planning and time management are some of the most crucial skills needed in college which most students come o college without.

I'd be hard pressed to view GSU as a "holistic learning space" over its entire expanse. However, some do believe every environment can be and aid to learning. I just don't see how an open campus in the middle of a city with so many different people and so many different things happening daily isn't sometimes a detriment to learning.

I am not sure how they was a university secluded but open. It feels like a contradiction to me. Take Spartanburg's women's college Converse College for example. It is in a nice sized city, but not within walking distance of most places in the city because it is placed on the outskirts, so it is essentially secluded. To add to that, the school is surrounded by brick walls and elaborate fences. I have been there quite a few times, and I do not see how it is open to the community. This is unlike Georgia State, which is integrated into the city, making many things easily accessible for students and professors alike.

As a GSU student experiencing the indoor and outdoor environment is what makes GSU that much greater

I feel as though the key word here is "early." Though this may have been true for universities years ago, it does not reflect many universities today. Universities are so much more than just dorms, dining halls, and rec centers now.

I think that this statement has two sides, and this article is only demonstrating the negative. Technology can be very distracting, that is true. It can also be so helpful. If one just says "I am going to do this work I have to do until I am done" and sticks to it, without browsing things unrelated to the work at hand, doing work is much easier than not having the availability that technology provides. To say technology only hinders is not accurate.

Meaning it goes beyond than just adversing the beauty and the structure of the campus.

I can't disagree with this more. If i were to sit in my room our outside and attempt to study I would still get distracted by things around me. I can't imagine how hard studying is for someone who has ADHD. Technology can be distracting if it is not being used for the purpose of learning, but so can anything else surrounding one in the outside world. Not to mention most classes, even at the middle school level, require the use of technology in many day to day activities.

While it is true that learning does not take place only indoors, as some students do study outside, a majority of students study and do work inside and save the outdoors for recreational activities. Also, students tend to have access to such a wide variety of study spaces that them being indoors does not pose a problem.

Universities around the country each have a level of opportunities. For example, GSU is surrounded by big corporations, which makes it easier to find a job in your field of study rather than a school located in the middle of nowhere.

Sure, students expect university's to differ from your average high school, but not necessarily in the way this article describes university's campuses. This article talks about a campus set apart from the community, something close to nature. How, in being set apart from the community, does this demonstrate "its role as a citizen of the community in which it is located?"

This is the thesis of the article, it can also be found in the conclusion.

Since GSU is in downtown Atlanta, space is highly limited. They use every possible space to create something new for the school.

In the Schindler piece, the article has a list of credentials beside the authors name to help establish credibility, but here it does not. Though the are both professors, they do not provide any sort of ethos. Compare to Sarah Schindler, “Architectural Exclusion: Discrimination And Segregation Through Physical Design Of The Built Environment,” in Yale Law Journal.

Nature can be a calm place, and a place where you can get a lot done while listening to the different sounds surrounding them. This can play as a positive learning environment for students.

I never really thought about it in this way. A sense of community is very important in todays society.

This is was maybe produced for agriculture majors. They have different learning environments for different majors. Or they have different areas and classroom depending on your major.

I think this was because it was a more space in order to have all of these things in one area close together. Nowadays on campuses today you have to walk about three blocks to get to the nearest dining hall, if you are coming from a far place.

holistic landscape: is an approach to design that considers the thing being designed as an interconnected whole which is also part of something larger.

This is very accurate. If only examining one place, you may night find what supports the student's overall learning experience.

The college experience, is supposed to be different than every other learning environment you have ever been in. It is fun, but your responsibility, and focus is highly tested.

Yes, a learning environment or learning community can have an impact on a student's life academically, and physically.

encompasses: surround and have or hold within

All college campuses have their own special design, it is not based on location or the academic lifestyle of a student.

This is true. I think this applied to every university. The resource on campus are to accomodate the students.

This has been a question for centuries. In my opinion, traditional notions shouldn't determine the university spaces and how they are designed. Some may be effective, and others may not.

Higher education institutions, such as what? Harvard? Yale? or Princeton? The bigger competitive schools in the country

School I feel is stressful depending on how good your time management is, your financial situation, and your work ethic.

So what is the difference in behavior of students in the urban universities opposed to schools with a lot more nature?

This is a perfect example of 'Guns and Butter". During the war not many people were involved in school, but after the war the government puts its focus into education.

Meaning to re think the whole process over again.

I would not be able to focus in an outdoor learning experience their would way to much going on around me.

I feel this is one of the hardest things for me to do I get so side tracked when i start working on something.

why would nature change a student learning enviormenrt?

This reminds me of how GSU uses every inch in the city to make a new building.

Meaning all of the buildings and landscape come together as one unit.

For example on campus our library is so close to most of our classes that we are more influenced to go there to study.

The meaning that all parts of something must interconnect.

This doesn't apply to many urban campuses now, At gsu we rarely even see trees.

My previous college had to go through reconstruction because of this.

Nature is plants, animals, and landscape all together. I see it as the original form of the world. Nothing man made or altered by anything unnaturally.

I tend to learn better by experience or from other people which usually happens outside of class or even school as a whole. Also reading or doing problems on my own is better than sitting in class and having a teacher tell me what to do. Sometimes separating the classroom from education helps the information become more easier to understand. Maybe because there is less pressure or because there is more freedom to learn in your own way.

This is true; however I dont believe its needed, people can also go to community colleges and thrive.

This is explaining why lots of people have short attention spans and what not. This tells me one someone fines something more interesting then what they are currently doing they get distracted.

I chose to attend georgia state university; just so I wouldnt have to deal with the traditional campus styled environment. I like the location of this school; and the style; however I do know most of my friends dislike its not a closed campus.

Majority of people in the 21st century don't believe they need a college education to live a healthy and successful life. To each his own.

This number I think, its completely irrelevant to the number of students that returned after first year and or later began to graduate.

This is the topic of discussion; which is quite interesting. However; I personally don't think adapting to the 21st century learning style will be quite easy.

Here, the author is implying that campuses as they were in the 1770's were more effective as a learning environment than most campuses are today. Does anyone know if this is backed up by factual evidence? I see a lot of articles about how school was more rigorous back then (mostly due to corporal punishment), but I haven't found any studies about whether or not students' grades were improved by the wooded fields surrounding the colleges.

While I do love GSU's huge campus and city setting, one of the really regrettable things about it is all the light pollution at night-time. I'm not sure if the writers of this article would really consider the night sky a part of "nature," but I have found that looking up into the vast expanse of space is a rather calming experience.