Highlight: Putting it all together in conclusion. Telling of the journey that instrucitonal designers are on and tying back to the two types learning; innovative and maintenance.

Great way to end the Chapter!

Highlight: Question your own authority or self-governance through self-reflection what a great thought. Many of us never question oursleves or own motivations and this is needed as part of the design journey.

DOI: When compared to Maintanence learning, this is taking the mundane everyday tasks of a job, and going into unexplored territory to find solution and new ways to complete the job at hand.

DOI: This explains everyday knowledge needed to maintain and complete the same job everyday.

Head Scratcher: using this simple explanation of "unfamiliar" we can see that it is difficult to navigate through territory that has not been properly formed yet or mapped out.

How do we move forward as Instuctional Designers into the future of Education and Instruction?

My best efforts so far have been to never be afraid to try new models or technology to lead your instruction.

Head Scratcher: How are we promoting critical and creative thinkers in our instruction?

As a high school math teacher this can be easier at times, and more difficult at times depending on the class and the course material. At times it is easy to promote creative when dealing with honors classing and higher math courses. But when working with remedial Algebra classes it can be more difficult to promote creativity and critical thinking because of high levels of apathy and prior knowledge. Sometimes the best way to promote success in those classes is through repetition and memeorization of steps to solve common test promblems.

DOI: Fluent - this refers to a thinkers ability to generate a mulittude of ideas and concepts.

I feel like I am a fluent thinker, I finally found a word to describe what I have felt all my life. I can generate so many solutions to problems yet many may be far-fetched or unreasonable, but in my mind it is a solution.

This is great for brainstorming I have realized over my life.

DOI: Creativity defined in two ways; 1st as generation of numerous original ideas, and 2nd as the selection from those ideas of appopriate ideas to move forward.

Really shows true creativity is found in the 2nd definition and is not just about idea generation but the ability to select the best idea of the list to move forward with, this is creativity.

Head Scratcher: How do you teach "cleverness"? This is a tough question and I feel that it is hard to understand for most instructors. How do I get my students to be more creative and clever, I believe we usually feel that students either are or are not creative and thats the end of the story. So really maybe we are the ones at fault for not teaching studetns to be "creative".

Wow what a way to end the chapter. Are instcutional Designers wasting their time decorating their instruction or filling them with jargon that they miss the point of educating the learners.

This is a wonderful story about something that anyone could be familiar with and understand how instrucitonal design can go at times. Lending to the attractiveness and lacking on the informing side.

Headscratcher: How do we make sure, in our times creating instuction, that we do not neglect a medium that could be used for instruction?

I feel that one way could be to allow learners choice in how they respond to prompts and learning. I feel that this could allow for students to use their gifting and talents to excel and produce amazing work.

DOI: Creative Instruction - Engages learners and goes above thier expectations.

Another interesting take on creative instruction. I like that they define it as going "beyond [learner] expectations".

DOI: Creative instruction - Motivating instruction that stays on task.

Great definition that hints at what creative intruction looks like.

Problems found with the early ID process was a lack of community building that has been found to be beneficial in certain ID models. McMilan and Chavis in their journal entry entitled "Sense of Commnity: A Definition and Theory" concluded that there are four elements of community that benefit individuals, those were; membership, influence, integration and fulfullment of needs, and shared emotional connections. This is just one example of psyhological reaserach supported the need for community to benefit individuals as a whole.

I believe this could be applied in the classroom to support education and build community.

I always wondered about the beginning of Instuctional Design, and it is nice to understand that Skinnerian psychology had a part in forming the foundation of Instuctional Design We know today.