1. Apr 2024
    1. RRID:Addgene_61887

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47928-8

      Resource: RRID:Addgene_61887

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:Addgene_61887


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    2. RRID:Addgene_61885

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47928-8

      Resource: RRID:Addgene_61885

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:Addgene_61885


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    3. RRID:Addgene_61884

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47928-8

      Resource: RRID:Addgene_61884

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:Addgene_61884


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    1. RRID:AB_1071127

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# MA1-19543, RRID:AB_1071127)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_1071127


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    2. RRID:AB_494012

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 56-0441-80, RRID:AB_494012)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_494012


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    3. RRID:AB_2860344

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Sino Biological Cat# 11388-MM03-P, RRID:AB_2860344)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2860344


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    4. RRID:AB_2535710

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-21039, RRID:AB_2535710)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2535710


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    5. RRID:AB_2338714

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs Cat# 115-175-166, RRID:AB_2338714)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2338714


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    6. RRID:AB_2341188

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 9661, RRID:AB_2341188)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2341188


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    7. RRID:AB_2117114

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Bethyl Cat# A300-286A, RRID:AB_2117114)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2117114


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    8. RRID:AB_2082644

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Bio-Rad Cat# 2150-0140, RRID:AB_2082644)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2082644


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    9. RRID:AB_2910138

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Sigma-Aldrich Cat# SAB5600105, RRID:AB_2910138)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2910138


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    10. RRID:AB_2114471

      DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48010-z

      Resource: (Agilent Cat# M0823, RRID:AB_2114471)

      Curator: @scibot

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2114471


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    1. RRID:IMSR_000664

      DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114149

      Resource: (IMSR Cat# JAX_000664,RRID:IMSR_JAX:000664)

      Curator: @abever99

      SciCrunch record: RRID:IMSR_JAX:000664


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    2. RRID:AB_221958

      DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114149

      Resource: (R and D Systems Cat# AF3074, RRID:AB_2201958)

      Curator: @abever99

      SciCrunch record: RRID:AB_2201958


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    1. s Jimhad written,themagicofChristianitywasitspotentialtobreakthevendettaand endthecycleofviolence.Andithad. Looking aroundthissmallgathering provided ampleevidence.AgenerationagoTomowouldhave hadtoavengeTofio’sdeathbykillingWepe.Wepe’sgroup had beenraided byKento’sfather,Niiwa.Wepeinturnhad raidedKowe. Noneofthemcouldbe sittingtogether.What-everelseithadwrought,Christianity had stoppedthespearingraidsthe killingofinnocentwomen,infanticide, andtheliveburialofchildren.

      hmmmm... interesting point but worthy of a critical lens here I think

    2. HowdoyougiveEnglishwordstoalanguagesorichinonomatopoeiaandpunctuatedwiththesoundsoftheforest

      importance of language

    1. Muslims should be treated as free men, not as slaves

      I believe this to be an inherent property of Islamic society, but not the overarching goal of it. As we've discussed a good portion of Arabic philosophy stems from translation of Aristotle. While he values political science as the highest good and notes the importance of political freedom, I believe it is his concept of philia that is the center of the Islamic political world. I think achieving political freedom is ensured in the cultivation of philia in a society. Philia holds the notion that we should all treat another as if we are a friend. Rather than just random faces on the street, applying philia makes society more interpersonal. In order to treat someone like a friend, a true friend, equality of persons is required. One could not apply philia to someone they treat like a slave. Political freedom is not necessarily the goal, but an ensured outcome in reaching for the goal of cultivation of philia. Ultimately, I think the goal of Islamic society is to be a virtuous one, under aristotle's definition and conditions. Respecting other's political freedom is simply one aspect of that.

    Annotators

    1. [:doc | | fileName | fileName := (doc url asString splitOn: $:) last , '.md'. doc file: folder / fileName. doc exportAsFile. ]

      Bloque compuesto por las siguientes variables:

      • Iterador: :doc

      • Argumento: | fileName := (doc url asString splitOn: $:) last , '.md'. doc file: folder / fileName. doc exportAsFile.

      • Objetos: a fileName y a doc file se les mandan unas asignaciones.

      • Mensaje: exportAsFile.

    2. memories do: [:doc | | fileName | fileName := (doc url asString splitOn: $:) last , '.md'. doc file: folder / fileName. doc exportAsFile. ]

      Se hace uso de un iterador y se manda un mensaje al bloque.

      • Objeto: memories.
      • Mensaje: do.
      • Argumento: bloque [:doc | | fileName | fileName := (doc url asString splitOn: $:) last , '.md'. doc file: folder / fileName. doc exportAsFile. ]
    3. memories doWithIndex: [:item :index | item metadata at: 'title' put: 'Unidades semanticas, sesión ', index asString ].

      Esto también vendría siendo un bloque, ciclo e iterador, ya que utiliza los iteradores :item e :index para mandar un mensaje dentro de un bloque.

      • Objeto: memories
      • Mensaje: doWithIndex
      • Argumento: el bloque [:item :index | item metadata at: 'title' put: 'Unidades semanticas, sesión ', index asString ].
    4. [:item :index | item metadata at: 'title' put: 'Unidades semanticas, sesión ', index asString ].

      Esto es un bloque que tiene las siguientes variables:

      • Iteradores: :item e :index

      • Argumento: | item metadata at: 'title' put: 'Unidades semanticas, sesión ', index asString

      • La barra vertical "|" separa la definición de cada argumento con la parte que indica qué se debe hacer con cada elemento.

      • Mensaje: se le pide que a cada item se le ponga el título de 'Unidades semanticas, sesión '. En este caso, title put son mensajes.

      • El index asString indica que se forme una colección para el índice.

    5. [:session | doc := HedgeDoc new url: commonAddress, session asString; retrieveContents. ]

      Esto vendría siendo un bloque y sus variables serían:

      • Iterador: :session

      • Argumento: | doc := HedgeDoc new url: commonAddress, session asString; retrieveContents.

      • La barra vertical "|" separa la definición de cada argumento con la parte que indica qué se debe hacer con cada elemento.

      • Objetos: Doc y url son objetos que se les manda un mensaje.

      • Mensajes: new, ya que pide crear un nuevo HedgedDoc y retrieveContents ya que pide recuperarlos.

      • asString, pide la colección de las sesiones.

    1. For platens 83-98 Shore A depending on the amount of copies being typed. From personal experience though 83A is super soft and the slugs sink into it a bit too much, the sweet spot is around 87-90 Shore A imo.
    1. Considera un formato de versión X.Y.Z (Mayor.Menor.Parche). Las correcciones de errores que no afectan el API incrementan la versión parche. Adiciones o sustracciones compatibles con versiones anteriores incrementan la versión menor, y cambios en el API incompatibles con versiones anteriores incrementan la versión mayor.

      Explica las reglas de versionado semántico sobre cómo incrementar las versiones según el tipo de cambio.

    2. Si las especificaciones de la dependencias son muy estrictas, estarás en peligro de bloquear una versión (la inhabilidad de actualizar un paquete sin tener que publicar una nueva versión de cada otro paquete dependiente). Si las dependencias son especificadas de forma muy relajada, inevitablemente serás mordido por versiones promiscuas (asumir la compatibilidad con próximas versiones más allá de lo razonable). El Infierno de Dependencias es donde estás cuando una versión bloqueada y/o promiscua previenen que muevas tu proyecto adelante de forma fácil y segura.

      Los dos problemas principales son: bloqueo de versiones (no poder actualizar sin afectar otras dependencias) y versiones promiscuas (asumir compatibilidad con nuevas versiones sin garantías).

    1. In addition, water infrastructure is often destroyed during military operations in deliberate attacks, which violates international humanitarian law.

      Amnesty International “Troubled Waters,” 15.

    2. . Furthermore, water tariffs are considered too high as well.

      Al-Kjatib Issam, et al, “Analysis of a current water tariff and attitudes towards change: A representative study from a Palestinian city,” Water and Environment Journal 37, no. 4: 770-781.

    3. 97% of water is not drinkable, and a quarter of all disease in Gaza is caused by water contamination. Al Jazeera

      “Weaponising water in Palestine”

    1. Military Order 92 of 1967: the Israeli army was granted complete authority over all water-related issues in the regionMilitary Order 291 of 1968: annulled all land and water-related arrangements which existed prior to Israel’s occupation of the West BankMilitary order 158 of 1967: Palestinians are not allowed to construct any new water infrastructure without an Israeli military permitAmnesty International states that “These and other Israeli Military Orders remain in force today in the OPT [occupied Palestinian territory] and apply only to Palestinians. They do NOT apply to Israeli settlers in the OPT, who are subject to Israeli civilian law.”

      Amnesty International “Troubled Waters: Palestinians Denied Fair Access to Water.” Accessed 30 March 2024. www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde15/027/2009/en/

    1. ‘You have to feel the land in you and drink its water.” Um Muhammed, midwife and healer

      Naguib, Women, Water and Memory, 76.

    2. “Water is life, and people’s life can be grasped and studied through water.” Nefissa Naguib, anthropologist

      Naguib, Nefissa. Women, Water and Memory : Recasting Lives in Palestine (BRILL, 2008), 1, ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/lafayettecol-ebooks/detail.action?docID=468287.

    1. Mix thoroughly and incubate for 5 minutes with periodic shaking

      How essential is this periodic shaking? OmegaBiotek's similar protocol doesn't have this

      1. Pipet up and down 5-10 times or vortex for 30 seconds.
      2. Let sit at room temperature for 5 minutes. source: Manual for Mag-Bind® TotalPure NGS
    1. “When we built this settlement, we never took one square inch of Palestinian land…Look at the hills of this landscape…They [Palestinians] don’t plant! They don’t cultivate. We made something here.” Ron Nahman, mayor of Israeli Ariel settlement

      Fields, Gary. “‘This is Our Land’: Collective Violence, Property Law, and Imagining the Geography of Palestine.” Journal of Cultural Geography 29, no. 3 (Oct. 2012): 279.

    2. “From the first moment of the Zionist idea, the Zionist propaganda described the land to which we were headed as desolate and forsaken, impatiently waiting for its redeemers” Moshe Smilansky, founder of the agricultural colony of Rehovot

      Leshem, N. (2013). Repopulating the Emptiness: A Spatial Critique of Ruination in Israel/Palestine,” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 31, no. 3: 522-537.

    1. In contrast, Israeli citizens do not have to worry about taps running dry.

      “Weaponising Water in Palestine” Al Jazeera, 27 Jul. 2023, www.aljazeera.com/program/people-power/2023/7/27/weaponising-water-in-palestine.

    2. Palestinians receive only 75% of their allocated water and must purchase often low quality water at high prices to meet their needs.

      Spreadborough, Natasha. “From the River to the Sea,” 470.

    3. Palestine is not recognized as a state under the Oslo accords, and its main governing body, the Palestinian Authority, has little control over resources.

      Spreadborough, Natasha. “From the River to the Sea,” 469.

    4. These main water sources are under the practical and legal control of Israel

      Spreadborough, Natasha. “From the River to the Sea: Water Conflict and International Law in Israel and Palestine.” Wisconsin International Law Journal, vol. 39, no. 3, Mar. 2022, pp. 459–84. EBSCOhost, research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=14061435-aac2-3bf6-b3a6-6b1efa90ece5. Accessed 6 March 2024, 468.

    1. Think carefully before you post. Anything you share online can stay there a long time, even after you delete it.

      When posting something out in the internet, you have to be careful. Anything and everything stays online even when you delete something.

    2. Social media can allow you to connect with others, both people you’ve met in person and people you meet online.

      Social media is becoming more prominent in both school and out in the world. We text our friends when were bored and we use social media to see those we haven't seen in awhile. Social Media is a great way to connect with new and old friends.

    1. Ain't it possible that every message I send or forward will just be replaced to the outbox and will be send by Thunderbird in the background ? I really hate it that every message sends itself away, running on top of all other windows, and it makes me wait till it has been sent from reading my other messages...
    1. memories do: [:doc | | fileName | fileName := (doc url asString splitOn: $:) last , '.md'. doc file: folder / fileName. doc exportAsFile. ]

      -memories do: [:doc | ... ] es un mensaje keyword do: enviado a la colección memories. El argumento es un bloque de código que se ejecutará para cada elemento de la colección.

      -[:doc | ... ] es el bloque de código que se ejecutará para cada elemento de la colección memories. El argumento doc representa cada elemento individual de la colección.

      -| fileName | es una declaración de variable temporal dentro del bloque. Esta variable fileName solo existe dentro del ámbito del bloque.

      -fileName := (doc url asString splitOn: $:) last , '.md' asigna un valor a la variable fileName.

      -doc file: folder / fileName envía el mensaje keyword file: al objeto doc, pasando como argumento la ruta completa folder / fileName. Esto asigna la ruta de archivo al objeto doc.

      -doc exportAsFile envía el mensaje exportAsFile al objeto doc, lo que probablemente guardará el contenido del objeto doc en el archivo especificado anteriormente.

    2. folder := FileLocator temp / 'Semanticas'.

      -FileLocator es una clase de Pharo que proporciona acceso a ubicaciones de archivos y carpetas en el sistema de archivos.

      -temp es un mensaje unario enviado a la clase FileLocator que devuelve una referencia al directorio temporal del sistema operativo.

      -El resultado de FileLocator temp / 'Semanticas' es un objeto Folder (carpeta) que representa la ruta completa al directorio temporal más la subcarpeta 'Semanticas'.

    3. memories doWithIndex: [:item :index | item metadata at: 'title' put: 'Unidades semanticas, sesión ', index asString ].

      -item metadata accede al diccionario de metadatos del objeto item actual.

      -at: 'title' busca la clave 'title' en el diccionario de metadatos. put: 'Unidades semanticas, sesión '

      -, index asString asigna un nuevo valor a la clave 'title' en el diccionario de metadatos. Este nuevo valor es una cadena que combina el texto 'Unidades semanticas, sesión ' con la representación en cadena del índice actual (index asString).

    4. memories := sessions collect: [:session | doc := HedgeDoc new url: commonAddress, session asString; retrieveContents. ]

      -sessions es una colección de objetos

      -collect: es un mensaje que se envía a la colección sessions. Este mensaje toma un bloque de código (representado por [:session | ... ]) como argumento.

      -El bloque de código [:session | ... ] se ejecuta una vez por cada elemento de la colección sessions. En cada iteración, el valor actual se asigna al parámetro session dentro del bloque.

      -Dentro del bloque, se crea una nueva instancia de HedgeDoc llamada doc. Esta instancia se inicializa con dos argumentos:

      -commonAddress: una cadena de texto que representa una URL o dirección común.

      -session asString: Convierte el objeto session actual en una cadena de texto.

      -Después de crear la instancia doc, se envía el mensaje retrieveContents a esta instancia.

      -El resultado de la evaluación del bloque [:session | ... ] para cada elemento de sessions se recolecta en una nueva colección llamada memories.

    5. commonAddress := 'https://docutopia.sustrato.red/semanticas:24A'. sessions := 1 to: 11

      En Pharo, un "mensaje unario" se refiere a un mensaje que se envía a un objeto sin necesidad de proporcionar argumentos adicionales.

      • commonAddress es el nombre del mensaje unario que se está enviando a un objeto.
      • 'https://docutopia.sustrato.red/semanticas:24A' es el objeto receptor del mensaje commonAddress.
    1. The Selfish Gene. December 2023. Page Version ID: 1188207750. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Selfish_Gene&oldid=1188207750 (visited on 2023-12-08).

      The book argues that genes are the primary unit of natural selection, acting selfishly to ensure their own survival. It introduces the concept of "selfish genes" to explain why certain biological traits persist across generations. It further states that organisms can be viewed as vehicles for their genes.

    2. Pyramid scheme. December 2023. Page Version ID: 1188350070. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pyramid_scheme&oldid=1188350070 (visited on 2023-12-08).

      This article discussed about Pyramid schemes and how the business model work. It states how as more and more people are entering the schemes, it gets harder for them to be profitable and majority of the time to be illegal. I seen many Pyramid schemes during covid, crypto scams and etc. I always knew that there was some sort of hidden secret to them and always wonder how they work. However, I did not know they were illegal.

    3. Drew Harwell and Taylor Lorenz. Sorry you went viral. Washington Post, October 2022. URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2022/tiktok-viral-fame-harassment/ (visited on 2023-12-08).

      This article tells the story of "TikTok stars", and how stressful and damaging that can be. Going viral on TikTok is an invitation for harassment and death threats on and offline, especially for those that are a part of the LGBTQ+ community. There are also issues with TikTok's unfair and unclear moderation, which has higher stakes if creators depend on TikTok for their income.

    4. Oliver Tearle. Who Said, ‘A Lie Is Halfway Round the World Before the Truth Has Got Its Boots On’? June 2021. URL: https://interestingliterature.com/2021/06/lie-halfway-round-world-before-truth-boots-on-quote-origin-meaning/ (visited on 2023-12-08).

      Oliver Tearle's article explores the origins and meaning of the famous saying: "A lie is halfway around the world before the truth arrives." This quote illustrates how quickly misinformation spreads, while accurate information spreads more slowly. This quote highlights the challenges we face in combating false information and disinformation. In an age dominated by social media and instant messaging, the ability of false information to spread quickly has only increased. The public is drawn to some fake stunts on social media. This reality highlights the importance of critical thinking and fact-checking in our daily lives. It also reminds us that combating the spread of lies and pursuing the truth is what we need to do. Don't be blinded by lies.

    5. Rick Paulas. What It Feels Like to Go Viral. Pacific Standard, June 2017. URL: https://psmag.com/economics/going-viral-is-like-doing-cartwheels-on-the-water-spout-of-a-giant-whale (visited on 2023-12-08).

      I chose to read "What It Feels Like to Go Viral" from the Pacific Standard. The article detailed examples from sports, feminists, and regular people - like a dad - who all had experiences with going viral. It speaks on how going viral can be an exciting rush, but also create a wave of hate. One example comes from a feminist blogger who had a blog post go viral and received harassment and even death threats. Going viral puts yourself in the position to be seen by everyone and receive an unlimited amount of feedback - whether it is good or bad. This virality may seem short lived to the people who view the post, but for the person behind it - it can be scary and the effects can be life-altering.

    1. Summary of Raph Levien's Blog: "Towards principled reactive UI"

      Introduction

      • Diversity of Reactive UI Systems: The blog notes the diversity in reactive UI systems primarily sourced from open-source projects. Levien highlights a lack of comprehensive literature but acknowledges existing sources offer insights into better practices. His previous post aimed to organize these diverse patterns.
        • "There is an astonishing diversity of 'literature' on reactive UI systems."

      Goals of the Inquiry

      • Clarifying Inquiry Goals: Levien sets goals not to review but to guide inquiry into promising avenues of reactive UI in Rust, likening it to mining for rich veins of ore rather than stamp collecting.
        • "I want to do mining, not stamp collecting."

      Main Principles Explored

      • Observable Objects vs. Future-like Polling: Discusses the importance of how systems manage observable objects or utilize future-like polling for efficient UI updates.
      • Tree Mutations: How to express mutation in the render object tree is crucial, focusing on maintaining stable node identities within the tree.
        • "Then I will go into deeper into three principles, which I feel are critically important in any reactive UI framework."

      Crochet: A Research Prototype

      • Introduction of Crochet: Introduces 'Crochet', a prototype exploring these principles, acknowledging its current limitations and potential for development.
        • "Finally, I will introduce Crochet, a research prototype built for the purpose of exploring these ideas."

      Goals for Reactive UI

      • Concise Application Logic: Emphasizes the need for concise, clear application logic that drives UI efficiently, with reactive UI allowing declarative state expressions of the view tree.
        • "The main point of a reactive UI architecture is so that the app can express its logic clearly and concisely."
      • Incremental Updates: Advocates for incremental updates in UI rendering to avoid performance issues related to full re-renders, highlighting the limitations of systems like imgui and the potential of systems like Conrod, despite its shortcomings.
        • "While imgui can express UI concisely, it cheats somewhat by not being incremental."

      Evaluation of Existing Systems

      • Comparison with Other Systems: Mentions SwiftUI, imgui, React, and Svelte, discussing their approaches to handling reactive UI and their adaptability to Rust.
        • "SwiftUI has gained considerable attention due to its excellent ergonomics in this regard."

      Technical Challenges and Proposals

      • Challenges in Tree Mutation and Stable Identity: Discusses the challenges in tree mutation techniques and the importance of stable identity in UI components to preserve user interaction states.
        • "Mutation of the DOM is expressed through a well-specified and reasonably ergonomic, if inefficient, interface."

      Conclusion and Future Work

      • Future Directions and Experiments: Encourages experimentation with the Crochet prototype and discusses the ongoing development and research in making reactive UIs more efficient and user-friendly.
        • "I encourage people to experiment with the Crochet code."

      This blog post encapsulates Levien's ongoing exploration into developing a principled approach to reactive UI in Rust, highlighting the complexity of the task and his experimental prototype, Crochet, as a step towards solving these challenges.

    1. Paid promotion and ads, where someone pays money to have their content replicated

      A lot of people on social media cares about the "replicate volume", which is how many times the video or article has been forwarding by people. Therefore, if the data is good, more people are likely to look at the content.

    2. There are ways of duplicating that are built into social media platforms:

      There is "duplication" on social media. For example, if I see a funny post on TikTok, I can forward it to my friends and they will see the same thing. There are also variations/mutations. Let's say my friends and I want to shoot a TikTok and upload it online. We will learn the background music or dance of other bloggers. On the basis of these, we will add some extra movements or other things. This kind of "borrowing" is very common on social media. We will find that after a background music or dance becomes popular, everyone will create or imitate it based on it.

    1. p = 0.04 means there is only 4% probability of observing this 5-point difference (in either direction) between the two groups if in fact there was no difference between the groups (i.e., the null hypothesis that the difference is zero). In other words, there is only 4% probability that the differences found between the two groups were just due to chance (i.e., they are not “true differences”).

      These descriptions of a p-value are erroneous. Should be 5 point difference or more; and the p-value is not the probability the difference was "just due to chance". See items #2 and #9 of "Statistical tests, confidence intervals, and power: A guide to misinterpretations". The American Statistician, 70, https://www.jstor.org/stable/44851769

    1. DeSo is an example of a purpose built blockchain that is storage oriented and specially equipped to handle a lot of post-sized content.

      You may have described the project better than they have right here

    2. “decentralizing the social graph”

      What was that other social graph application that people used? The one where you have to be refered? I know clubhouse and wechat require referals to get added to the app but there was some blockchain app, let's ask ChatGPT

    1. Robust to the inclusion of other features of culture such as individualism and residential mobility in the statistical models, the findings revealed that display rules in heterogeneous cultures favor higher emotion expressivity than in homogeneous cultures

      more out there

    2. Results revealed that the heterogeneity of the country of the expresser (but not the perceiver) was related to emotion recognition accuracy, such that expressers from historically heterogeneous cultures made displays that were easier to recognize across cultures. This finding supports the idea that a boost in the signal value of emotion in the face and the voice may constitute an adaptation to the pressure of interacting with individuals with whom one shares few expectations about emotions, and no nuanced emotion language. In other words, the intermingling of people from diverse cultural backgrounds over an extended time period appears to be associated with the use of facial and vocal expressions that are relatively unambiguous and easily decoded by unfamiliar others.

      you can only play twelve-dimensional irony games with others who share twelve-dimensional irony rulebooks

    1. When is it ok to not cite sources for content? When should sources be cited, and how should they be cited?

      I believe that it is okay not to cite sources or content when you are making your own version of the content that is very distinct, or when you drawn inspiration but formulate your own creation. However, I still believe that it is still common courtesy to cite your inspiration or source. I believe that sources should be cited from you are pulling information, use clips or any form of content relating to your content, or when you use something that needs to be credited such as samples and etc.

    1. For the intern, knowing what their job will entail by first completing an internship can make the transition to a full-time position a smooth one

      I see this as a helpful sidenote. if one does an internship, they already have an idea of how the company works and functions. It will make it easier for them to adapt to the environment if they join as a full-time employee than someone who just got accepted with no prior knowledge to the company.

    1. bout theorizing agency as outside Orientalist dis-course become simply untenable. I will discuss this point further in chapter2. But now let me turn to the discussion of binarism that seems to be oneof the major weaknesses in Said's analysi

      Judith Butler's Critique: Butler challenges the traditional understanding of the body as an extra-discursive object, arguing that it is constructed through discourse. She asserts that referring to the body presupposes delimiting it within discourse, thereby forming it through discourse itself. Butler sees materiality as an effect of power, emphasizing that the body's materialization is a result of citation and accumulation of regulatory norms over time. Agency and Resistance: Critics argue that constructivist views diminish agency by suggesting determinism. Butler counters by asserting that agency lies in appropriating or rearticulating regulatory norms, implying the potential to produce them differently. She suggests that reiteration of norms doesn't lead to determinism but opens up spaces for resistance, as it exposes instabilities in constructions, allowing for the escape or exceeding of norms. Orientalism and Discursive Construction: Said's analysis of Orientalism is critiqued for allegedly neglecting agency and counter-histories. However, redefining Orientalist discourse as a constitutive practice challenges this criticism. Orientalism is seen not just as constraining or distorting but also as actively constituting subjectivity, enabling resistance to colonial power. The discursive constitution of subjects doesn't imply total pacification but also entails an enabling process. Binaries in Said's Analysis: The passage concludes by suggesting that one of the weaknesses in Said's analysis is its reliance on binaries. Said's portrayal of Orientalism in totalizing terms overlooks its enabling aspects, leading to criticisms about the negation of agency. However, understanding Orientalist discourse as constitutive undermines the notion of theorizing agency outside of it. Overall, the passage explores how discursive constitution shapes our understanding of the body and subjects, challenges deterministic views, and redefines Orientalism as a constitutive practice that both constrains and enables agency.

    2. uisticism, then we should entertain the possibility that themateriality of the Orient is indistinguishable from the essentializing dis-course of Orientalism.

      Lösung der Kritik: the possibility thar the materiality of the rient is ununterscheidbar von the essentialiszing disocurse of orientalism.

    3. Orient" is just a representation, if he also wantsto claim that "Orientalism" provided the necessary knowledge for theactual colonial conquest."24Young's critique does not seem to be well taken, for in attempting to over-come the dualistic account which characterizes Said's analysis, he himselfdevelops another dualism, that of between reality and

      beste zusammenfassung von der kritik

    4. nd, he argues that the knowledge produced in andby Orientalism was put in the service of colonial conquest. These two argu-ments, according to Young, contradict each other, for, if Said wants toclaim that Orientalism as a body of knowledge be

      contradiction nochmal kritisiuert vin Young dieses mal

    5. he mental character of discourse. According to Laclau and Mouffe, tosuggest that the object of discourse is constituted does not imply a rejec-tion of the materialist idea that there is a world external to thought. Nordoes this thesis have anything to do with the opposition between realismand idealism - a trap which Said seems to fall into. What Laclau andMouffe contest is not that there are objects existing in the world, but theassumption that "they could constitute themselves as objects outside anydiscursive condition of emergence."23 Hence, with a restricted notion oflanguage, Said's analysis is bound to consider Orientalist discourse as acollection of images and ideas about the Orient, having no real efficacy inthe construction of its materiality or the Orientalness of the Orient. Suchan understanding runs counter to his continual emphasis on the "creation"and "constitution" or t

      weiter diese kritikpunkt. ist es jetzt kriert oder nicht?

    6. tion to the nature of the relation Said establishes between repre-sentation, knowledge, and power.

      relationship between representation, knowledge and power.

    7. age with. As I men-tioned above, on the one hand he argues that Orientalism "creates" theOrient and on the other hand he cautions us not to conclude that the Orientis just an idea, with no corresponding reality.

      wiedersprüchlich dabei manchmal. Oreint ist eien kreation aber er sagt nicht dass es nur eine idea ohne correspondierende realität ist.

    8. Said's position vacillates between accepting something called"the real Orient" and regarding "the Orient" as the construct of a question-able mental operation.15 It is to these contradictory methodological posi-tions that I want to turn now.

      es ist kein misunderstadning keine misrepresentation of the truth of the orient. Becasue there. is no real or tru orient. . Dieese kategorien sind formations of power. Es geht ihm um den process insitutionnn parctises and discourss in dnen oriental identity geformt wird.

    9. Said suggests that the effect ofOrientalist discourse is "to formulate the Orient, to give it shape, identity,definition with full recognition of its place in memory, its importance toimperial strategy, and its 'natural' role as an appendage to Europe

      give the orient shape identitiy and imperial stategy , natural role as an appendage to Europe!

    10. Foucault's notion of power

      definition Power: against notion of power in a narrow sense; (power effecrs negative or repressive) er und Foucault sagen power also productiove in knowledge and sicourse production. it produces effects of truth

    11. is "fabricated" in theservice of colonial power.

      orientalsim as discoursive regime is fabricated in the service of colonial power.

    12. xample, Lata Mani and Ruth Frankenberg argue that Said'sdefinition of Orientalism alludes to the "complicity between Orientalismand imperialism" and how "Orientalism has informed and shaped the colo-nial enterprise."2 Likewise, Robert Young, by referring to Orientalism'sclose ties with enabling socioeconomic and political institutions of coloni-alism, argues that Said's analysis demonstrates how Orientalism "justifiedcolonialism in advance as w

      orientalism and imperialism are complicit. essentializing and dichotomoizig discourse of orientalism functions as... ekement of colonial domination

    13. eak period of colonialism, Said extends MichelFoucault's concept of power/knowledge nexus t

      power/knowledg enexus is extended by said originally foucault

    1. There is a conceit in musical theater that when a character becomes too emotional to talk, that’s when they begin to sing, and when they become too emotional still, that is when they dance. This concept applies to blogging as well; when you become too emotional to simply write, you write a screed, and when you become too exasperated to screed, then and only then do you write a hate read.

      me on Andy Matuschak on books

    1. An alternative way to remove the All Mail folder would be to login into Gmail webmail using a browser, left click on the gear icon in the upper right corner and select Settings, select the Labels tab, find All Mail, click on Hide and uncheck "Show in IMAP". Logout and delete "All Mail." and "All Mail.msf" in the Gmail accounts local directory in the Thunderbird profile.

      How did I not know about this before?

    2. Do NOT try to delete the All Mail folder by deleting its contents. That will delete all of the messages for the account when Thunderbird syncs the folder.
    3. The "All Mail" folder in a Gmail IMAP account has a copy of all messages for that account, doubling the number of messages downloaded for offline folders. Thunderbird tries to download only one copy of a message from a Gmail IMAP account and have the folders point to that copy. However, that doesn't help if the message was created using Thunderbird. [1] If you decide to keep offline folders enabled and have a Gmail IMAP account, uncheck "All Mail" in Tools -> Account Settings -> Account Name -> Synchronization & Storage -> Advanced. As a precaution right click on the Gmail account name in the folder pane, select subscribe in the context menu, expand the folder listing and verify the All Mail folder is not subscribed. Disabling it from being synced should have unsubscribed it. Exit Thunderbird and delete "All Mail." and "All Mail.msf" in the accounts local directory.
    4. If you sometimes want to use some of the disabled features when using a broadband connection consider using two profiles which use common directories outside of the profile to store the messages. One profile would disable features as described below. The other could keep them enabled. That way depending upon which Thunderbird shortcut you use you can easily switch configurations with minimal side effects.
    1. I wrote a thank-you letter to a supervisor who positively impacted me and embodies many of these insights as well!

      What a great letter! I'm sure he will hold onto it for years to come.

    2. sheapeading

      is this the correct spelling?

    1. have built long-lasting relationships

      good job!

    2. regluar

      typo

    3. I made a connection with the volunteer coordinator who handles volunteer events and scheduling, the secretary, the food pantry coordinator, the marketing manager, and many other regular volunteers.

      good specifics

    1. Whenever you see a successful organization, someone once made a courageous decision.

      love this!

    2. number of volunteers stay high, they must maintain a good and fast approach

      what else keeps volunteers coming back?

    3. strong rapport with their sponsors

      very important!

    4. yars

      typo

    5. they have you report to an entirely dedicated day to onboarding.

      awkard wording

    6. Human Resources Frame caught my interest since I was aware of how Hope Helps is associated with very compassionate and loving groups of volunteers

      good choice and justification

    1. Recently, the distribution of 150 Thanksgiving turkeys on Thanksgiving day is evidence to great planning and trust in us as her core competencies under her leadership.

      last semester...

      anything this semester?

    2. O

      our

    1. By creating this poster, my intention is to raise awareness about the event and encourage participation. I plan to share the poster on my social media platforms to attract family members and friends, with the hope of increasing both volunteers and attendees for the event.

      what's the update? now that the event passed-how did it go?

    1. Throughout writing & especially story telling it is important to exhibit memorable ideas that are simple, unexpected, concrete, credible, emotional, & story based.

    2. As writers, we need to learn such alchemy in order to do things, be things, and make things in the world.

      Master language & use key tips & tricks for stories.

    1. .

      Your image is not showing up.

      https://raider.pressbooks.pub/pressbooksguide/chapter/adding-images/

    2. am choosing

      chose

    1. In the 1920s, the dream that every American might be able tobecome rich – not just prosperous, but downright wealthy – began to spread,as the stock market promised that everyone could win the lottery by gamblinga few dollars, just as Broadway and Hollywood suddenly seemed to suggestthat everyone could become a star, or write a hit show.

      Shows the change within the roaring 20s and how it affected the American Dream directly

    1. However, I don't want or need any email from the account other than when I check it manually.
    2. From here, you can configure the FIRST SYNCHRONIZATION OPTION (Important! If you mess with the lower options you might delete copies on the mail server).
    1. Y si las viejas formas deargumentación resultan demasiado débiles para constituir una cau-sa, ¿no deberán estos defensores o bien abandonar, o bien recurrira medios más fuertes y más 'irracionales'?

      Esto parece estar en cierta manera de acuerdo con lo que propone Imre Lakatos sobre que los grandes científicos y académicos cuando algo no cuadra y pone en peligro un paradigma, suelen ignorarlo. Por eso dice que la idea del Falsacionismo de Karl Popper es ingenuo en pensar que falsear una teoría la reevalúa.

    2. Es sorprendente comprobar cuan rara vez ha sido analizadopor anarquistas profesionales el efecto embrutecedor de 'las Leyesde la Razón' o de la práctica científica.

      En este párrafo el pensamiento de Feyerabend, donde el anarquismo epistemológico nos invita a cuestionar y explorar más allá de las limitaciones impuestas por las estructuras racionales y a abrazar la diversidad en la búsqueda del conocimiento.

    3. Tal educación simplifica la 'ciencia'simplificando a sus participantes: en primer lugar se define undominio de investigación. A continuación, el dominio se separa delresto de la historia (la física, por ejemplo, se separa de la meta-física y de la teología) y recibe una 'lógica' propia. Después, unentrenamiento completo en esa lógica condicionada a quienes tra-bajan en dicho dominio.

      Esto hace eco de lo que se planteaba en el mismo epígrafe. Se plantea un orden y ese orden es separador, se vuelve deficiente o por lo menos muestra la deficiencia de comprensión de un mundo a partir de paradigmas que colindan unos con otros y que no dialogan con otros. Para Feyerabend parece ser importante una idea de diálogo y tensión entre disciplinas, abrir a pensar en grandes campos para una mejor investigación científica.

    4. Ordnung its heutzutage meistens dort,wo nichts ist.Es ist eine Mangelerscheinung

      "El orden está mayoritariamente presente estos días, donde no hay nada. Es un síntoma de deficiencia".

      Parece tratar de establecer la ineficacia del orden establecido de antemano que limita manera de comprensión de mundo y prefigurar que la ruptura de lo establecido (el orden) ayuda a una apertura a una manera de ver más allá de donde se supone que no hay nada.

    1. This chapter was interesting to read because there is so much that plays into writing a good story using narrative & characters.

    2. addresses three primary components of a personal narrative: vivid detail, well-told story, and reflection.

      There are three primary components to personal narrative.

    1. comoapunta el ejemplo, dicho proyecto debería tener en realidaddos aspectos o momentos, si se prefiere: uno etnográfico yotro utópico, en un diálogo constante.

      El centro en el objetivo proyectado por Graeber es precisamente la razón por la que no es un proyecto vanguardista: observar a los otros y sus lógicas simbólicas, morales y pragmáticas; así como imaginar mundos mejores. No se trata de negar lo anterior, ni las instituciones, sino de observar lo innecesarias que son y que no se trata de crear procedimientos, como lo hacen las corrientes de vanguardia.

    2. Los anarquistas no creen en un desarrollo inevitable de la historia ni en que se pueda avanzar más rápidamente hacia la libertad creando nuevas formas de coerción

      No hay finalidades, ni grandes propósitos en la historia que deban ser redirigidos por grupos en lugares de poder.

    3. cualquier teoría social anarquista debería rechazar deforma consciente cualquier indicio de vanguardismo.

      Este rechazo parece extraño, pero se justifica en que el vanguardismo se conforma en élites que deciden qué es lo que se debe comprender y cómo es que se debe proceder para esas comprensiones. Se criticaría acá la noción de manifiesto presente, como procedimiento, en todas las corrientes vanguardistas.

    4. Esto no quiere decir que los anarquistas deban estar con-tra la teoría. Después de todo, el anarquismo es en sí mismouna idea, aunque sea muy antigua. También es un proyecto,que se plantea empezar a crear las instituciones de una nueva sociedad «en el seno de la vieja», poner al descubierto,subvertir y socavar las estructuras de dominio, pero siempreprocediendo de una manera democrática, demostrando deese modo que dichas estructuras son innecesarias.

      La teoría anarquista parece partir de la idea de proponer un contraproyecto a las instituciones establecidas, pero de manera inclusiva, por eso se refiere a que se hace de una manera democrática, puede ser antisistema, pero parte de una idea de revisión de ese sistema y el planteamiento de herramientas que permita un proceso de consenso en la que se incluyan perspectivas diversas y que lleven a compromisos comunes.

    1. This chapter was enjoyable, probably because descriptive writing is my personal favorite. It is interesting how we can expand objective writing by using senses.

    2. We expect to find more objective-sounding descriptions in medical and law enforcement texts.

      More scientific & policy rather than personal.

    3. Our minds latch onto detail and specificity, so effective description can help us experience a story, understand an analysis, and develop more nuance within a critical argument

      Also makes the story more memorable.

    1. When physical mail was dominant in the 1900s, one type of mail that spread around the US was a chain letter

      It's crazy that chain letters were a thing before the internet. I guess it's not to much money and effort to mail a bunch of letters, but definitely more than chain emails/reposts. I wonder who came up with it originally.

    2. The spread of these letters meant that people were putting in effort to spread them (presumably believing making copies would make them rich or help them avoid bad luck)

      I remember being a preteen on Instagram when people would share the chain-mail style posts saying things like "Repost this in 10 minutes and your crush will ask you out tomorrow" or another one with a scary photo of a ghost-like little girl saying "Share this with 10 people or she will get you tonight." It is honestly so ridiculous thinking about how I somehow felt scared by these types of posts. I think young and elderly Internet users are especially vulnerable to bait like this. I am grateful that I am older and wiser and wouldn't fall prey to something like this today. It makes me wonder what new style chain mail might exist in the future when I am older and if I will fall prey to it.

    1. volunteer CEO of Project Gutenberg and DP, Dr. Gregory Newby

      you should copy him on your email of appreciation.

    1. Compacting folders does nothing for me -- I don't know why. I compacted them today for the first time in about a year, and the folder size remained unchanged. I don't generally delete emails, so that's likely why, but that doesn't mean I need to keep local copies of 12.5GB of emails.
    1. Expressions aren't calculated a second or third time. They're calculated once and used where appropriate.

      What does this mean?

    2. If a single quote is part of a string literal (Hell's Kitchen), escape it with a second single quote. The string literal 'Hell's Kitchen' causes an error because the single quote terminates the string and s Kitchen isn't SQL. The string 'Hell''s Kitchen' is valid and produces the desired result.

      Instead of \ escape character MySQL uses single quotation marks ''

    3. The home view may warn:

      Skipped many of these steps down to "click on the connection" bc it was already showing up

    1. What experiences do you have of social media sites making particularly good recommendations for you?

      The chapter's exploration of social media recommendations brings to mind my own experiences with platforms like Spotify and Netflix. I've been pleasantly surprised by how accurately they predict what music or shows I'll enjoy next. It's both impressive and a bit eerie how these algorithms seem to know my tastes better than I do sometimes. However, it also raises concerns about the extent of data collection and the potential for these platforms to influence our choices without us even realizing it.

    2. The method of determining what is shown to users is called a recommendation algorithm, which is an algorithm (a series of steps or rules, such as in a computer program) that recommends posts for users to see, people for users to follow, ads for users to view, or reminders for users.

      Does this work the same way as Cookies? Or are they only for targeted ads specifically?

    3. What experiences do you have of social media sites making particularly good recommendations for you?

      When it comes to great experiences with social media referrals, I think Facebook is pretty good. Its algorithms can precisely analyze users' interests and behaviors to tailor recommendations to them. Instagram is also doing a great job of personalizing recommendations based on how users interact with each other and what they watch on a daily basis.

    4. What experiences do you have of social media sites making particularly good recommendations for you?

      Whenever I am scrolling through Instagram, I happen upon recommendations for content or advertisements that are composed of the type of content that I would look at on that platform. What concerns me is when I happen upon a recommendation to content that I have never looked for on that platform, but may have talked to someone about that day. It make me paranoid that my phone or devices are listening to my conversations, and whenever I investigate why the platform is showing me that content, it gives me the same generic answer, that is based on the things that I look at on the platform.

    5. The method of determining what is shown to users is called a recommendation algorithm, which is an algorithm (a series of steps or rules, such as in a computer program) that recommends posts for users to see, people for users to follow, ads for users to view, or reminders for users.

      Recommendation algorithms play a crucial role in enhancing user experience across various digital platforms by personalizing content, which can make browsing more relevant and engaging. They help in discovering new content, products, or connections that might not have been found otherwise. For instance, they can suggest movies on streaming platforms or products on e-commerce sites based on user preferences and behavior.

    1. But science is a social process; the AI folks under­stand this very well. How would AI-generated “raw theory” be channeled into the real world of science and tech­nology? How would you know when your virtual Pauli had a theory worth testing? What if it spat out a million theories, and you had good reason to believe one of them was correct — a real paradigm-buster — but you didn’t know which?

      This is fun because it also gets into the world of "what processes would you want to build around a coworker who had zany and valuable ideas, but whom you didn't totally trust" and/but the exact right boundaries there are going to look very different for an actor who can't respond to social pressure.

    2. This is what digi­ti­za­tion does, again and again: by removing friction, by collapsing time and space, it under­mines our intu­itions about produc­tion and exchange.

      What are other technological developments that break intuitions? Most of them, I suppose. Distilling high-proof alcohol and urbanization together.

    1. Kashmir Hill. How Target Figured Out A Teen Girl Was Pregnant Before Her Father Did. Forbes, February 2012. URL: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/02/16/how-target-figured-out-a-teen-girl-was-pregnant-before-her-father-did/ (visited on 2023-12-07).

      Kashmir Hill's article on Target's predictive analytics is a fascinating case study illustrating the power of data analysis in marketing. By analyzing customer purchases and behavior, Target was able to identify patterns and make highly targeted recommendations, sometimes even predicting life events like pregnancy. This source underscores the importance of data privacy and the ethical considerations surrounding the use of personal information for targeted advertising.

    2. Elon Musk [@elonmusk]

      Elon’s tweet pretty much puts in simple terms how the algorithm works. The more you interact with a specific type or content, the more that type of content will keep showing up on your feed or timeline.

    3. Jeremy B. Merrill and Will Oremus. Five points for anger, one for a ‘like’: How Facebook’s formula fostered rage and misinformation. Washington Post, October 2021. URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/10/26/facebook-angry-emoji-algorithm/ (visited on 2023-12-07).

      I think social media platforms need to manage their algorithms more responsibly to reduce the spread of anger and misinformation. Users also have a responsibility to learn to discern and sift through information and not be swayed by emotional content.

    4. Elon Musk [@elonmusk]. Trashing accounts that you hate will cause our algorithm to show you more of those accounts, as it is keying off of your interactions. Basically saying if you love trashing *that* account, then you will probably also love trashing *this* account. Not actually wrong lol. January 2023. URL: https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1615194151737520128 (visited on 2023-12-07).

      Musk suggests that negative interactions may inadvertently tailor a user's social media experience. This ties into broader discussions on the feedback loops created by algorithmic content delivery. It's fascinating, yet somewhat alarming, how these mechanisms can amplify certain types of engagement, potentially creating an echo chamber effect. It makes me wonder about the long-term implications of such design choices on public discourse and individual well-being. Have the authors of this chapter considered the psychological impacts of this feature, and if so, how do they propose users manage or mitigate such effects?

    5. A parents' lawsuit accuses Amazon of selling suicide kits to teenagers.

      This article by NPR, discusses the lawsuit that two families of parents put up against Amazon after their children had killed themselves due to a purchase made of sodium nitrate off the website. The sodium nitrate that the two children had purchased was deemed to be lethal at just a teaspoon of ingestion. Sodium nitrate is a chemical used to cure meats at micro-doses; hence why the parents of the two children argue that this sort of chemical substance shouldn't be accessible on a site like Amazon. It was later revealed that the same supplier of sodium nitrate that the two teenagers used for suicide, also had 10 other people who bought sodium nitrate from the same seller with the same intention (suicide) within the past two years.

    6. Arvind Narayanan. TikTok’s Secret Sauce. Knight First Amendment Institute, December 2022. URL: http://knightcolumbia.org/blog/tiktoks-secret-sauce (visited on 2023-12-07).

      In this article, the author discusses the success of TikTok and explains how its algorithm is nothing different than those we have seen on other social media platforms. What sets TikTok apart from other platforms is its unique design, more specifically its scrolling feature, vertical video format, and short-length video content. The author adds on that the algorithm allows for users to experience a wide range of content, letting them learn and enjoy different content than they are used to. Moreover, the author emphasizes the importance of the quality of design and user experience is what creates a successful social media platform.

    7. QAnon. October 2022. URL: https://www.adl.org/resources/backgrounder/qanon (visited on 2023-12-07).

      This article describes the group QAnon, which is a group of politically far-right conspiracy theorists who believe that the world is controlled by the deep-state or cabal-type organization comprised of evil deviants that occupy offices of power throughout the world. They believe that the only person that can defeat this cabal is Donald Trump.

    8. Systemic bias. November 2023. Page Version ID: 1185361788. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Systemic_bias&oldid=1185361788 (visited on 2023-12-07).

      Systemic bias is an ongoing issue it's something that also intersects with racism. It also overlaps with institutional and structural bias. Counterproductive work behavior, mistreatment of Human Resources are all examples from various sectors of consequences of systemic bias.

    9. L: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/21/doj-settles-with-facebook-over-allegedly-discriminatory-housing-ads.html (visited on 2023-12-07).

      Targeted ads on social media have been something I've experienced. I can be talking about a certain product or company and then an ad magically appears as if the app is listening to my conversations. It's strangely accurate sometimes.

    10. Zack Whittaker. Facebook won't let you opt out of its phone number 'look up' setting. TechCrunch, March 2019. URL: https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/03/facebook-phone-number-look-up/ (visited on 2023-12-07).

      Fisker is initiating layoffs to conserve cash amidst launching its new Ocean SUV. In the realm of AI, GitHub has introduced Copilot Workspace, an AI-driven software engineering tool, while Elon Musk aims to expand xAI, planning to raise $6 billion for the initiative. On the social media front, Meta is rolling out a bonus program for creators on Threads, and Getir is retreating from the US, UK, and Europe to concentrate on its Turkish market, impacting over 6,000 jobs. Meanwhile, Facebook faces criticism for its use of phone numbers collected under the guise of security for targeted advertising and profile lookups, despite the lack of an opt-out option, raising significant privacy concerns.

    1. All of this means that ALT tags are not so much descriptions of image contents as they are artifacts of the web’s workings and of creators’ retail ambitions.

      This feels familiar but I don't have a print-era analog in mind

    1. Additionally, critics argue that the sugar industry's influence on water management policies allows for practices that can increase nutrient pollution, further contributing to red tide problems

      Riley, Nano. “Toxic Red Tide Is Back in Florida. Is Big Sugar to Blame?” Civil Eats, October 28, 2019. https://civileats.com/2019/06/25/toxic-red-tide-is-back-in-florida-is-big-sugar-to-blame/.

    2. water flowed naturally from Orlando southward along the Kissimmee River watershed, around the shallow lake and in a wide swath southwest to Florida Bay. Along the way, wetland plants naturally filtered out pollutants before the water reached the Gulf. Then, in 1948, the Corps of Engineers created the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA), an elaborate drainage system of pumps and canals crisscrossing a 700,000-acre area of rich muck for agriculture.

      Riley, Nano. “Toxic Red Tide Is Back in Florida. Is Big Sugar to Blame?” Civil Eats, October 28, 2019. https://civileats.com/2019/06/25/toxic-red-tide-is-back-in-florida-is-big-sugar-to-blame/.

    1. More generally, the ideas and specific concerns, the customs and practices that Magna Carta mentions were rooted in earlier English practice and circumstance.

      Suggesting that all it really did was either (A) building on existing royal concessions, or (B) codify traditional aspects of earlier English law

    1. Eine Gruppe von NGOs hat ein Konzept für eine Klimaschaden-Steuer ausgearbeitet, zu der Öl- und Gasgesellschaften ausgehend vom von ihnen verursachten CO2-Ausstoß herangezogen würden. Würde die Steuer in den OECD-Ländern mit 5$ pro Kilotonne CO2 beginnen und sich jährlich um weitere 5$ erhöhen, stünden 2030 jährlich 900 Milliarden $ vor allem für den Loss and Damage Fund zur Verfügung, der bei der COP28 beschlossen wurde.

      https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/apr/29/taxing-big-fossil-fuel-firms-raise-billions-climate-finance

      Bericht: https://www.greenpeace.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/CDT_guide_2024_embargoed_version.pdf

    1. Recommendation algorithms can make this even works. For example: At one point, Facebook counted the default “like” reaction less than the “anger” reaction, which amplified negative content [k17].

      This particular instance of algorithmic influence on user interaction with content is both compelling and distressing. It highlights how social media platforms, while engineered to engage users, may inadvertently prioritize divisive content.

    2. echo chambers increase polarization

      I find this statement to be true across social media sites, especially Twitter and Instagram. Recommendation algorithms can be really good at reinforcing the same idea or form of content, especially if a user interacts with it on a frequent basis. Their feeds end up becoming so personalized that it has to at some point, become opinionated. This matter is okay when it comes to things like animals and cooking videos, but when there's no diversity of posts that contains news or important pieces of content that are meant to inform, a user's ability to learn and make productive conversations when it comes down to discussing important topics, is then hindered. I agree that social media isn't necessarily the best place to follow for news, but it's a start and people can train themselves to be able to know when a piece of information is credible or not. Keeping yourself informed in a world that's already so polarized is vital to be able to not have this translate over to social media (which it already has).

    1. this opportunity has afforded me the privilege of applying the leadership theory gained from past courses to real world examples, encouraging me to improve my leadership going forward.

      great!

    2. (as the Social Change Model for Leadership suggests).

      good mention here!

    1. Once these algorithms are in place though, the have an influence on what happens on a social media site.

      Recommendation algorithms can be quite concerning, as they have the potential to lead individuals down a rabbit hole of questionable content on the internet. Unfortunately, my grandmother experienced firsthand the negative effects of YouTube's recommendation algorithm. Initially watching political news from Korea, she gradually found herself drawn to videos that appeared to present inaccurate information. Over time, she became deeply immersed in the realm of fake news on YouTube. My uncle warned me never to discuss politics with her, as she tends to become very controversial on the topic. It's truly alarming to witness the influence of these algorithms, particularly on older individuals who may be less knowledgeable about navigating social media safely and fact-checking information.

    1. hope to run for a director position,

      I am so glad this interests you! I recommend you run!

    1. Human resources focuses on what the organization does for its volunteers and how they offer opportunities and room for growth. I chose this aspect of the organization because it is something that I believe they do very well. They’ve taken many actions to reward the students who are contributing to the mission and therefore bettering the local community.

      good rationale

    2. Instructions: Use two of Bolman and Deals four frames or “lens” to explore the dynamics you have observed or experienced while serving at your nonprofit organization. For instance, how are operational issues or concerns over power, conflict, or leadership addressed by organizational leaders?

      remove instuctions

    1. Another comparison to make between Red Tide and the concept of slow violence is through the idea of “surplus people”

      Nixon, Rob. “5. Unimagined Communities.” Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor, December 31, 2011, 150–74. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674061194.c5.

    2. The last main consequence of Red Tide I believe has to do with the economic effect Red Tide has on communities in Florida.

      Larkin, Sherry L., and Charles M. Adams. “Harmful Algal Blooms and Coastal Business: Economic Consequences in Florida.” Society & Natural Resources 20, no. 9 (August 27, 2007): 849–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920601171683.

    3. According to FWC just saltwater fishing is worth 9.2 billion dollars alone which shouldn't come as a surprise from a place called the fishing capitol of the world.
    1. It was so much more rewarding doing it with others who believed in the cause because they had the work ethic, I had to invest in working collaboratively.

      This sentence is a little confusing

    2. I learned that there is an opportunity to reach people in places you would never think of.

      try not to end sentences with a preposition

    3. donate to

      extra space here

    4. have given me

      gave

    1. work I am interested in doing in my career goals.

      add more detail here...

    2. but frankly was always really busy with other things but was able to connect me to activities and other volunteer events that helped me make valuable connections.

      too bad!

    1. free to give opinions

      and what else?

    2. overloaded workers

      I wonder how this could be corrected. Her frustrations could bring volunteers down--not ideal! How could she channel her negative emotions differently?

    3. The first thing

      new paragraph

    4. For example, the person in charge of the donations seemed to be overwhelmed and could not always answer questions we may have regarding delivery. She always sounded frustrated whenever she was asked questions because she indicated no one informed her of what and where things were going. I think if they provided her with more information, she would feel more comfortable answering questions as well as feeling more motivated to seek out the answers.

      insightful observation

    5. rely

      relies

    6. Instructions: Use two of Bolman and Deals four frames or “lens” to explore the dynamics you have observed or experienced while serving at your nonprofit organization. For instance, how are operational issues or concerns over power, conflict, or leadership addressed by organizational leaders?

      delete instructions

    1. 7C’s in the social change model.

      reference: Komives, S. R., & Wagner, W. (Eds.). (2017). Leadership for a better world: Understanding the social change model of leadership development. John Wiley & Sons.

    1. sages led Murray to the insight that our present social order is on a collision course with the natural world (“town and country”) and that we must have an anticapitalist revolution in favor of an ecological society

      Was auch heißt, dass es um einen Kollisionskurs der Stadt gegen das Land geht. Der Kapitalismus ist dann nicht rein wirtschaftlich definier,t sondern räumlich.

    1. ormula for the sum ofthe first a + 1 terms of a geometric series with ratio p

      re-explain this

    2. Since the arithmetic function f(d) = d is multiplicative (verifythis!), we have that u(n) is multiplicative by Theorem 3.1

      Ok so I guess you should do the verify part

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