Else, why should it be let so cheaply? And why have stood so long untenanted?

queer

but that would be asking too much of fate

ancestral halls

On the longest night of the year, winter solstice, we stay up all night eating fruits and nuts, reciting poetry, playing music, and dancing. This is to symbolize survival and celebration during dark times.

unless some kind of evolutionary force is acting upon the population, neither the allele nor the genotypic frequencies would change.

The allele frequency within a given population can change depending on environmental factors; therefore, certain alleles become more widespread than others during the process of natural selection.

Depending on the environmental conditions, the phenotype confers an advantage or disadvantage to the individual with the phenotype relative to the other phenotypes in the population

Mutations

Natural selection

Another important evolutionary force is gene flow, or the flow of alleles in and out of a population resulting from the migration of individuals or gametes

The change in frequency resulting from mutation is small, so its effect on evolution is small unless it interacts with one of the other factors, such as selection

selected.

Plan ahead. Divide the work into smaller, manageable tasks, and set aside time to accomplish each task in turn. Make sure you understand the assignment requirements, and if necessary, clarify them with your instructor. Think carefully about the purpose of the writing, the intended audience, the topics you will need to address, and any specific requirements of the writing form. Complete each step of the writing process. With practice, using this process will come automatically to you. Use the resources available to you. Remember that most colleges have specific services to help students with their writing.

Prewriting. In this step, the writer generates ideas to write about and begins developing these ideas. Outlining a structure of ideas. In this step, the writer determines the overall organizational structure of the writing and creates an outline to organize ideas. Usually this step involves some additional fleshing out of the ideas generated in the first step. Writing a rough draft. In this step, the writer uses the work completed in prewriting to develop a first draft. The draft covers the ideas the writer brainstormed and follows the organizational plan that was laid out in the first step. Revising. In this step, the writer revisits the draft to review and, if necessary, reshape its content. This stage involves moderate and sometimes major changes: adding or deleting a paragraph, phrasing the main point differently, expanding on an important idea, reorganizing content, and so forth. Editing. In this step, the writer reviews the draft to make additional changes. Editing involves making changes to improve style and adherence to standard writing conventions—for instance, replacing a vague word with a more precise one or fixing errors in grammar and spelling. Once this stage is complete, the work is a finished piece and ready to share with others.

keep in mind that this is only a rule of thumb

Liatrus

Genetic diversity in a population comes from two main mechanisms: mutation and sexual reproduction.

Papers by Darwin and Wallace (Figure 3.2.23.2.2\PageIndex{2}) presenting the idea of natural selection were read together in 1858 before the Linnean Society in London

Whether or not a trait is favorable depends on the environmental conditions at the time. The same traits are not always selected because environmental conditions can change.

Other examples of vestigial structures are wings on flightless birds, leaves on some cacti, and hind leg bones in whales.

The webbed feet of platypuses are an adaptation for swimming. The snow leopards’ thick fur is an adaptation for living in the cold. The cheetahs’ fast speed is an adaptation for catching prey.

flight has evolved in both bats

While this mechanism for evolutionary change was discredited

Ultimately, natural selection leads to greater adaptation of the population to its local environment; it is the only mechanism known for adaptive evolution.

evidence of evolution is the convergence of form in organisms that share similar environments

gradual change in species

this principle came from reading an essay by the economist Thomas Malthus who discussed this principle in relation to human populations

The theory does not try to explain the origin of life. The theory of evolution explains how populations change over time and how life diversifies the origin of species.

In science, a “theory” is understood to be a body of thoroughly tested and verified explanations for a set of observations of the natural world.

producing ions.

increasing kinetic energy which favors the vapor phase, while increasing intermolecular forces favors the liquid phase

His theory of psychological types is reflected in trait descriptions of personality and corresponding trait tests, such as Cattell’s 16-PF and the MMPI.

Alchemy was of particular interest to Jung, but not in terms of turning base metals into gold (alchemy is a strange mixture of spirituality and chemistry).

ambulatory

She went on to collect about 145,000 specimens over the next 13 years, 500 of which were new species. Charles Darwin collected a mere 500 specimens on his famed five-year voyage.

Reading what others have to say and responding to them helps us make that all-important transition from simply having opinions about something, to having ideas. Opinions are often over-simplified and fixed. They are not very useful because, if different people have different opinions that they are not willing to change or adjust, such people cannot work or think together. Ideas, on the other hand, are ever evolving, fluid, and flexible. Our ideas are informed and shaped by our interactions with others, both in person and through written texts. In a world where thought and action count, it is not enough to simply “agree to disagree.” Reading and writing, used together, allow us to discuss complex and difficult issues with others, to persuade and be persuaded, and, most importantly, to act.

The goal of a good writer is to engage the readers into a dialog presented in their writing. Similarly, the goal of a critical and active reader is to participate in that dialog and to have something to say back to the writer and to others. Writing leads to reading, and reading leads to writing. We write because we have something to say, and we read because we are interested in what others have to say.

So if, as a college student, you have ever wondered why your writing teachers have asked you to read books and articles and write responses to them, it is because writers who do not read and do not actively engage with their reading, have little to say to others.

Rule. NOT(𝑃) IMPLIES NOT(𝑄)𝑄 IMPLIES 𝑃NOT(P) IMPLIES NOT(Q)Q IMPLIES P\nonumber \frac{\text{NOT}(P) \text{ IMPLIES } \text{NOT}(Q)}{Q \text{ IMPLIES } P} On the other hand, Non-Rule. NOT(𝑃) IMPLIES NOT(𝑄)𝑃 IMPLIES 𝑄

both the topic and the general speech purpose

clearly states what it is you would like to achieve.

brainstorming as a way to develop speech topics, a strategy that can be helpful if the questions listed in the textbox did not yield an appropriate or interesting topic.

strategies needed to craft the body of public speeches

which should be organized in a way that illuminates the speaker’s perspective

As a result of this selection, the population’s genetic variance will decrease.

solute

was

our brain processes information by putting it into categories and looking for predictability and patterns.

British political development benefited from several luxuries not available to those who came after. Still, these advantages had an expiration date. By the beginning of the 20th century, Britain’s declining power was starting to show. Allied with France, they could not have defeated Germany without the United States.

enjoyed the privilege of more time to develop a modern state and economy in a more organic and gradual way. In the initial period of industrialization, Britain faced no global competitors with the same range and power.

Britain’s most important rival in Europe in the early 20th century was Germany, but it was not to unify until 1870. It developed rapidly afterwards but in the shadow of and living in a global economic order shaped very much by Britain. Germany was forced to face the four challenges of state building at the same time in a very competitive global environment which seemed, especially to German nationalists, to place real limits on their ability to develop.

A failed rift arm is still a weak spot in the continental plate; even without the presence of active extension faults, it may develop into a called an aulacogen.

Those communities are very popular because people like to live with others who share their interests.

but this is not true. The senior center in town offers dance lessons and also takes groups to the art museum. The classes are always full because so many people want to try new things.

My grandmother turned 70 last year and celebrated by going skydiving. She said she always wanted to try and figured it was now or never.

babysitters are unreliable and that can mean that the parent has to miss many classes, which can hurt their grades.

Many single parents discover that they can’t meet the costs of both raising children and paying for tuition, books, and fees.

Single parents have to overcome many obstacles to return to school.

_____

is to analyze the text rhetorically to establish a clear idea of what the author wrote and how the author wrote it,

understand what you have read.

process

broad questions and then work towards more specific questions

taking notes or annotating the text,

not interested in the material

social media and instant publication

With scholarly articles, critical reading can help you evaluate their potential reliability as future sources

or does not achieve

different aspects of a writer’s work.

analyze a text beyond its surface.

randomly survey 100 families with children in the school.

As part of our previewing, this image became the focus of our attention.

nowledge was being studied; instead, students are expected to passively accept, memorize, and recite back the information on a test.

we probably do not have a complete picture

that means they can have more than one sense and meaning.

Only a small portion of the iceberg is visible above the water, and there is a great deal below the surface that isn’t immediately apparent.

Write those text features here. Do not read the passage as you’re scanning.

When you are metacognitive, you are conscious of how you are comprehending.

They thought that a reading class was focused on “just reading.”

As we utilized the guidebook in our developmental reading class, we wanted to further understand the impact that the guidebook had on students’ reading growth, so we conducted another research study, the results of which revealed a significant gain in two key literacy areas:

reframed that expectation by establishing slower, gradual inquiry and heightened reading resilience in the face of challenges.

We would take out the prefixes and suffixes of words and find the base but it’s different because we wouldn’t try to find out what all of these [elements] mean and where they come from.

Thus, pronouncing words accurately and answering comprehension questions do not ensure understanding of a text.

good reader. Over 37% of students focused on the ability to read quickly and accurately and 70% noted the ability to pronounce words correctly, while many others emphasized the importance of answering comprehension questions.

The negative feelings of fear, frustration, and insecurity do not support optimal conditions for students to learn literacy

looking at words from only one dimension of the language - phonology - the study of sound.

phonology

etymology

morphology

We believe that it is essential for all students to have access to class readings, not just students with financial means

but due to conditioning and false perceptions, we believe we are backyard chickens.

It floated in graceful majesty among the powerful wind currents, with scarcely a beat of its strong golden wings.

In essence the vapor pressure above a liquid represents the partitioning of the particles between two phases, the liquid and the gas, that is, there is a fraction of the particles in each phase. There is an interplay between the enthalpy of vaporization (the higher it is, the more they want to be in the liquid phase) and the kinetic energy. The equation that describes this is the Clausius-Clapeyron, which is an exponential function. Like any exponential function, there are two forms, the exponential form, and the natural log form 

Clausius-Clapeyron, which is an exponential function

ΔHvap,AΔHvap,A\Delta H_{vap,A} = Enthalpy of Vaporization for "A", always positive because it is endothermic

some will evaporate until it reaches its equilibrium

That is, for molecules of similar mass, the stronger the intermolecular forces the lower the vapor pressure

Climbing ripple

can write the claims in a map and use the arrows to show which claim works as a reason supporting which other claim

The cubic unit cell is the smallest repeating unit when all angles are 90o and all lengths are equal (figure 12.1.b)

types of tea

unlimited number of each type of tea

six types of tea

3 tea bags

ways

unlimited selection

25 cans

The single story creates stereotypes, and the problem with stereotypes is not that they are untrue, but that they are incomplete. They make one story become the only story.

Accompanying the prominence of the sporophyte and the development of vascular tissue, the appearance of true leaves improved their photosynthetic efficienc

mycorrhizae, which benefit the plant by greatly increasing the surface area for absorption of water and soil minerals and nutrients.

Which species cannot be involved with hydrogen bonding? (HF, H2O, NH3, NH4+)

not unique up to multiples as it was before

I would not use it if I didn't think it was up to par.

However, just because a work is not as literary as another does not mean it cannot be enjoyed. Just like a stick figure or cartoon character might be perfectly fine if intended for a particular audience or purpose, readers can still enjoy People Magazine even though it is not of the same literary quality as Hamlet.

Exercise 2.2

Now if you think about it, the cation repels the positive end of the dipole and attracts the negative end, so the negative end is closer to the cation than the positive end. This means the attractive energies are greater than the repulsive (as they are closer together, the r of coulombs law is in the denominator of eq. So the net force is attractive since since the radius (in the denominator of Coulombs Law, Equation 11.2.111.2.1\ref{11.2.1}) for the +/- attraction is smaller than the radius for the +/+ repulsion. This difference is greatest when the polar molecule is "touching" the cation, and as they become further separated the relative differences in the radii between the two interactions become less, and at great distances they become equal, making these short range forces. This can be understood by looking at

1.00 mL

Protein Necessary for tissue formation, cell reparation, and hormone and enzyme production. It is essential for building strong muscles and a healthy immune system. Carbohydrates Provide a ready source of energy for the body and provide structural constituents for the formation of cells. Fat Provides stored energy for the body, functions as structural components of cells and also as signaling molecules for proper cellular communication. It provides insulation to vital organs and works to maintain body temperature. Vitamins Regulate body processes and promote normal body-system functions. Minerals Regulate body processes, are necessary for proper cellular function, and comprise body tissue. Water Transports essential nutrients to all body parts, transports waste products for disposal, and aids with body temperature maintenance.

Cl

5.0 has two significant figures

K+(aq)

such as interviewing someone or surveying a group of people, you are reading. You are 'reading' the subjects’ ideas and views on the topic you are investigating.

No matter what kinds of sources and methods you use, you are always reading and interpreting text.

Qualitative observations rely on descriptions and quantitative observations involve numerical representation. 

Archeology and paleontology

Because the formula can be determined by experiments on bulk matter, it is a macroscopic concept even though it is expressed in terms of atoms.

A molecule is an assembly of atoms having a fixed composition, structure, and distinctive, measurable properties.

The formula of a substance expresses the relative number of atoms of each element it contains

Summarize. At the end of each section, pause to summarize the main points in a few sentences.

Textbooks often include comprehension questions in the margins or at the end of a section or chapter.

how effectively the author communicated the overall message of the text.

At the end of each section, pause to summarize the main points in a few sentences. If you have trouble doing so, revisit that section.

Summarize the text in your own words (note your impressions, reactions, and what you learned) in an outline or in a short paragraph

Were any of your earlier questions answered within the text?

you may not remember why you highlighted that word or sentence in the first place.

main point gives you a framework to organize the details presented in the reading

stop periodically

reviewing a text helps you better understand it, you will have better success analyzing it.

Additionally, if you have a highly engaging reading assignment, such as a novel you cannot put down, you may be able to read lengthy passages in one sitting.

If you are assigned a seventy-page chapter to read for next week’s class, try not to wait until the night before it’s due to get started. Give yourself at least a few days and tackle one section at a time.

Have you ever stayed up all night cramming just before an exam or found yourself skimming a detailed memo from your boss five minutes before a crucial meeting?

active reading may even help you to develop an interest in the text even when you thought that you initially had none.

I have no idea what I just read; I can’t remember any of it”?

review your initial reactions

stop periodically

less emphasis on personal and creative writing.

limit yourself

critical reading is based on active reading because you actively engage with the text

Once you have established your purpose for reading, the next step is to preview the text.

setting a purpose for your reading.

Completing these steps will help you to engage with a text

How many times have you read a page in a book, or even just a paragraph, and by the end of it thought to yourself, “I have no idea what I just read; I can’t remember any of it”?

thinking carefully about what we say is a necessity.

Finding an error in someone else’s argument can be the point of destabilization you need to make a worthy argument of your own,

potential reliability as future sources.

thinking carefully about what we say is a necessity.

Critical reading can even help you hone your own argumentation skills because it requires you to think carefully

With scholarly articles, critical reading can help you evaluate their potential reliability as future sources.

analyzing and understanding the overall composition of the writing

persuade, inspire, provoke humor, or simply inform his audience?

approaching a work as if you were a critic or commentator whose job it is to analyze a text beyond its surface.

writing has achieved its effect on the audience.

what effect the author intends to produce in a reader or what effect the text has had on you as the reader.

If you disagree with a text, what is the point of contention?

does the author want to persuade, inspire, provoke humor, or simply inform his audience?

Reading critically does not simply mean being moved, affected, informed, influenced, and persuaded by a piece of writing.

61.2 mL.

132.6

48.6 mL

mater

then there must be at least one symmetry operation that can interconvert the two orbitals

Both the E and T symbols can carry subscripts and primes that have specific meanings

Figure 2.3.36 Character table for the point group C2v

Consider a rotational vector around z that indicates clockwise rotation (Fig. 2.3.37)

This means that any linear function of the z-coordinate has the symmetry type A1

For C2v the dimension of the point group is 1+1+1+1=4. The order (h) of the point group is just the sum of all symmetry operations in the point group. For C2v the order is 4.

whenever the characters for the operations in their irreducible representations are the same, they belong to the same class

Similarly, because the 3dz2 orbital is a function of z2 and the 3dz2 has the symmetry type A1 any function of z2 has this symmetry type. Analogously, any function which is the product of the x and the z coordinate belongs to the symmetry type B1, any function which is a function of x2-y2 belongs to the symmetry type A1, and any function which is a product of y and z belongs to the symmetry type B2

more mathematical perspective

Therefore we can say that the 2s orbital of the O-atom in the water molecule has the symmetry type A1

Anti-symmetric means that the algebraic sign of the coordinate changes as we rotate.

The specific characters in an irreducible representation determine the symmetry type of the irreducible representation

If it is a -1 the algebraic sign of the coordinate changes, if it is +1, it does not

m consist of one proton and one electron, although some contain one or two neutrons and form “isotopes” known as deuterium and tritium, respectively. A hydrogen molecule is a completely different chemical entity: it contains two hydrogen atoms, but its properties and behavior are quite different. Helium atoms have 2 protons and 2 neutro

There will always be multiple ways of paraphrasing premises and conclusions and this means that there will never be just one way of putting an argument into standard form. I

ℏ22m

solid

triglycerides.

Health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Find appropriate reactions and their standard enthalpy reaction Flip reactions and/or multiply reactions, if necessary, so that the combination of reactions results in the desired overall reaction Change the sign and/or magnitude of the ΔHorΔHro\Delta H^o_r values of the combined reactions, based on how the combined reactions were manipulated in Step 2 Sum up the individual steps and sum up the individual ΔHorΔHro\Delta H^o_r values to obtain the ΔHorΔHro\Delta H^o_r value of the desired reaction. Answer

ΔHor=∑productsvΔHof−∑reactantsvΔHof

divisor

The exposure to red light converts phytochrome in the shaded leaves to the Pr (inactive) form, which slows growth

Example 1.3.11.3.1\PageIndex{1}: The Flat Torus

atmospheres

moles