Oakeshott saw educationas part of the ‘conversation of mankind’, wherein teachers induct their studentsinto that conversation by teaching them how to participate in the dialogue—howto hear the ‘voices’ of previous generations while cultivating their own uniquevoices.

copying a rare token

The central object in the transformer is the residual stream.

the Elhage et al.(2021) study showing an information-copying role for self-attention.

Aristotle actually identified a third form of argumentthat may surprise you: narrative.

ARinterventiontypicallyconsistsoftwomainphases:ARinduc-tionandARconsolidation.UsuallyARinductionisaninformationalsession(e.g.,viaavideotapeoranoral/handoutpresentation)aimingatpresentingandsummarizingthebenefitsoffunctionalattributions(e.g.,loweffort),theopportunityandtheadvantagesofchangingdysfunctional,self-defeatingcausalattributions(e.g.,lowability)tomoreadaptiveones,andofferingsuggestionscon-cerningstudents’causalthinkingaboutfailure.ARinductionisusuallyreinforcedbyaconsolidationphase,aimingatworkingindepthontheattributionalinformation.Consolidationactivitieshaveincludedseveralactivitiessuchasgroupdiscussion(e.g.,Perry&Struthers,1994)orwritingassignmentsincludingprimarilycog-nitiveoraffect-orientedcontent(e.g.,Halletal.,2006,Halletal.,2007;VanOverwalle&Metsenaere,1990).

inability of stationary‐phase biosensor cells to respond at all

He went on to describe Charles Sanders Peirce, a prominent figure in Hopkins’ history whose theory he finds delightful for applying to detective fiction. “He says, it’s not all induction, it’s not all deduction, it’s rather what he calls abduction, which is a combination of both, which sometimes is just guessing. He has a lot of different names for the notion of abduction.”

using the arabinose-inducible PBAD promoter because it has a tight OFF state while maintaining a large dynamic range

induction

This conclusion is not founded on this single instance, but on this instance compared with a general experience of the regularity of this clement in all its operations.

In moral reasoning we ascend from pos-~ibility, by an insensible gradation, to probabil-ity, and thence, in the same manner, to the sum-mit of moral certainty.

The difference between example and enthymeme is made plain by the passages in the Topics where induction and syllogism have already been discussed. When we base the proof of a proposition on a number of similar cases, this is induction in dialectic, example in rhetoric; when it is shown that, certain propositions being true, a further and quite distinct proposition must also be true in consequence, whether invariably or usually, this is called syllogism in dialectic, enthymeme in rhetoric. It is plain also that each of these types of oratory has its advantages.

The example is an induction, the enthymeme is a syllogism, and the apparent enthymeme is an apparent syllogism. I call the enthymeme a rhetorical syllogism, and the example a rhetorical induction. Every one who effects persuasion through proof does in fact use either enthymemes or examples: there is no other way.