As the Supreme Court stated in United States v. Sun-Diamond Growers of California, “for bribery there must be a quid pro quo — a specific intent to give or receive something of value in exchange for an official act.”
Like someone's job, for example, and whether they keep it or lose it?
“And I don’t know why they can’t ask Google for the answer if the answer is right there.”
Nick Carr would likely have something to say on this topic.
whether the purpose of public schools is to turn out knowledgeable citizens or skilled workers.
I'm not sure that I agree that these terms line up with those above. "Knowledgeable citizens" know math formulas rather than problem-solving?
In doing so, Google is helping to drive a philosophical change in public education — prioritizing training children in skills like teamwork and problem-solving while de-emphasizing the teaching of traditional academic knowledge, like math formulas.
This is a fascinating claim. Left uninterrogated, it sounds great to me!
publicly accessible data,
Also good.
A web-based reader
Good that it's web-based.
design workshop to define our goals for the digital edition
Curious who was included here.
genetic engineering
Expert generated or crowd-sourced?
add compelling new digital content
As annotation?
As a living book, the platform’s design will focus on annotation and collaborative discussion, allowing readers to use multiple “lenses” of expert commentary alongside the main text and contribute their own rich-media annotations individually, or in private and public groups.
Love it.
PubPub already supports a vibrant scholarly community, and we intend to create a unique cultural offering in the “Living Frankenstein” geared towards an inclusive community of understanding and public discourse.
So this community will be mobilized on this new text? Is it the Pubpub community, rather than the platform that's key to the partnership?
all constructed as bespoke one-offs, intended to support a single text through a single implementation
Not clear to me how what's described here is different.
a strong grammar of action for the user,
Curious about this...
We will draw a number of design and implementation lessons from them both through direct observation and, in some cases, conversations with their editors or directors.
This is pretty crucial both in terms of not recreating the wheel, but also because I'm not sure the survey above accurately reflects the state of annotation.
lenses
Definied?
Like Hypothes.is, Genius is focused largely on the annotation of canonical literature and not on making users into co-creators of material.
Not really accurate.
to create new content that can in turn be curated, annotated, and shared by others
I'm not clear on this point...
There is no need for users to configure their browsers in a special way or install an extension in order to use our tool, thus removing a barrier to entry.
Reconfiguring the browser is only one way to access H annotation layers. It can also be native to a web page using JS.
One thing that worries me about this "platform" centric approach is that if things aren't built according to standards I worry about the content being lost if the platform is no longer supported.
annotate,
Students? The general public? Will there be private layers for classes? What about moderation.
A professionally produced series of podcasts, videos and digital interactive elements to enhance theexistingannotations and commentaries from the print version of our critical edition
Rather than as separate artifacts, the team might consider embedding these artifacts within the text itself. Imagine
through the creation and enhancement of features
Presuming this project will rely on annotation technology, will this technology be built according to the open standards suggested by the w3c? It's essential that this content is easily portable beyond the lifetime of the Pubpub platform.
Briefly exploring the annotation tool, my opinion is that it leaves a lot to be desired. Pubpub should consider consulting with a more experience annotation software like Hypothes.is, if I may.
the PubPub platform
I'm not familiar with this platform. Will check it out. Doesn't appear to have annotation native.
Broader concern: while a web-based publishing platform, I worry about this text being housed within a system. It should really be built in the most open and extricable place possible.
This Everett is a classic example of a great American piano!
1996 A64000
dia Lab’s Journal of Design and Science (http://jods.mitpress.mit.edu) you may find it has deep
test
“Unfortunately, Berkeley and other universities have played into a narrative that the right would love to advance,” said Robert B. Reich, a former Labor secretary under President Bill Clinton who is now a professor of public policy at Berkeley. “The narrative assumes a cultural plot against the free expression of right-wing views in which academe, mainstream media — every facet of the establishment — is organized against them.”
I really do feel like a lot of colleges, activists, and journalists are being played in this way.
Camerado, I give you my hand! I give you my love more precious than money, I give you myself before preaching or law; Will you give me yourself? will you come travel with me? Shall we stick by each other as long as we live?
Almost sounds like a country song.
These are the days that must happen to you:
Love this line.
he is caught in a bind:
In a sense this "bind" is nothing new: comedians, novelists, essayists, artists, have always been subject to censure for their public resistance to hegemony. What's different here? The dailyness of Internet communications? The way are everyday, informal interactions can be surveilled?
From one point of view, it's amazing that all citizens--our students--have to be mindful of these facts and make these decisions themselves, rather than see them as stories of more famous, public intellectuals. It's the dark, flip side of the democratization of the Web.
discover how to successfully and effectively utilize tech to further advance reading both for comprehension and critical thinking skills,
Yes! In a sense it's like learning to read all over.
lifelong learners they will become.
And citizens!
University of Oklahoma
Sarah and David Wrobel's project here is so cool: they leveraged the Hypothes.is tag feature to have students explore the "layers" of John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath. While the idea of such layers could perhaps be said about any literary text, for Steinbeck there was something explicit about the layers of that particular novel. As he wrote to his editor at the time:
"The Grapes of Wrath" was published, Steinbeck wrote: "There are five layers in this book, a reader will find as many as he can and he won't find more than he has in himself."
Trump Says It’s Likely Russia Knew of Syrian Gas Attack in Advance
I wonder how Putin's feeling about hacking the US election now?...
1925 - 93300
Anyone who considers a Vose and Sons piano for purchase, or to rebuild, is choosing a piano, worthy of restoration and repair. In spite of their age, many still seek these pianos out, desiring to have one for themselves, as Vose and Sons have proven to endure under the test of time.
If you're looking for a great deal on an American-made baby grand, this is an excellent choice for you! It's size-friendly cabinet will fit into almost any room in your home.
American made pianos tend to exceed people's expectations
Few pianos are built so durably, yet are so amazingly affordable!
Persons
Students and teachers? Sarah?
9Annex2TechhicalandOrganizationalMeasuresimplementedbytheDataImporter
Pull something from TOS?...
Dataprotectionregistrationinfor
Sarah, any ideas what this means? This would be the university, no?
ContactInformationf
Who should this be?
PersonswhomayaccessorreceivethePersonalData:
Only select employees of the company
Purpose(s)
Running the service
PersonalData
Really only "username (potentially anonymous) and email address"
смотрителей, кто с ними
jhbvmjhvnhcvnghcv
emergent patterns;
Like things are in flux not static?
relationships (rather than objects)
Could be both vocabulary terms and students, both need to be understood in context.
En un lugar de la Mancha, de cuyo nombre no quiero acordarme,
The specificity of place does not matter from the start. This lends a mythica quality to the narrative,
la Mancha
cuyo
"whose"
Let's annotate here
Digital Literacy and all those other literacies
So where's the false binary here? For me it's the idea that digital literacy is all that different from the same kind of literacy that educators have been talking about since weel before the invention of the computer.
This makes sense for me personally as a PhD in English who was always fascinated by the Internet and digital technology and who now finds himself working in the educational software industry.
In turn, this child’s statement may shift the teacher’s learning and encourage her or him to recreate or extend this same experience to another area of study in the curriculum.
I hadn't thought about this aspect of discourse: not just the various context the content but of the experience of learning itself, how a teacher responds to student work, how that work is set up in the first place.
I think hypothes.is is particularly useful in relation to this type of context in the way it makes certain previously hidden aspects of learning visible...
reading is always an interaction between a person and a technology,
Love the idea that reading, the book, and all associated tools are themselves "technologies": like highlighters, for example.
along the borders of every page
And sometimes in various layers within those borders!
This is the public layer of annotation for this document. You can annotate here.
But if you've joined the private "Canvas webinar" group, you also annotate on that layer by toggling the dropdown from "public" above.
as a base camp, a convenient place to post links to our open learning spaces.
Love this metaphor: LMS as base camp for broader exploration. Never a destination but a good place to have to prep for the ascent.
you’ll notice that hypothes.is is already active on this page.
“cult of authenticity.”
I love this phrase but it also sees kind of paradoxical: cultivating authenticity?...
Protection Level 2 by campus policy
H doesn't deal in this stuff: SSN, etc.
Protection Level 0 Limited or none Information intended for public access, e.g.,: Public directory information
Includes name and email.
Student Directory Data (link is external) (unless the student has requested that information about them not be released as public information) Name of student Address, telephone, e-mail
Not considered private or high level?
Evaluations
Anything graded with grade indicated? Or simply gradeable?
Like an essay about how oranges are made so long that it has to be serialized in two parts.
Of course it's from the New Yorker, the High Bundler.
Imagine if podcasts were Twitterized in the sense that people cut up and reacted to individual segments, say a few minutes long.
This actually seems inevitable now that you mention it...
to give publishers better feedbac
But likes are obviously also about users/content creators--clearly acknowledged above.
I worry about leaving users without feedback or a sense of someone's reading their stuff.
dopaminergic
So happy to know this word. So apt.
Is it any coincidence that the race to the bottom in media—toward clickbait headlines, toward the vulgar and prurient and dumb, toward provocative but often exaggerated takes—has accelerated in lock-step with the development of new technologies for measuring engagement?
This is such a concvincing connection.
since “people tend to be extremely similar in their vulgar and prurient and dumb interests and wildly different in their refined and aesthetic and noble interests,” the stuff you publish will start looking a lot like the stuff that everybody else publishes, because everybody sort of likes the same thing and everybody is fishing for Likes.
Just wow.
absence of feedback
Is absence of feedback that is ultimately needed? Or the right kind of feedback?
and notifications
Why are notifications suddely lumped in here? Without any research, I've always imagined notifications as more directly connected to depth and quality of conversation than "like" buttons.
GIFs and people trying to be funny.
The necessary end result of "social media effects"?
Unlike existing bookstores, the Publisher receives full aggregated information about the instructor who assigned the publication, the students who purchased a copy, what students liked the about the book, which parts they spent the most time on, and which points the author made they found confusing (all of course as allowed by university policies and governing law). This information may be useful to sales reps in apportioning credit, to your marketing department to tune advertising, and to editors and authors to improve subsequent editions and to choose new titles.
Fascinating.
Sales reps greatly increase their income by selling the same book through Perusall.
Basically marketing added functionality.
Not EPUB?
Perusall automatically suggests grades for these annotations to the instructor, detects when students do not engage portions of the material, and gives students well-timed nudges that get them back on track -- all without extra effort on the part of the instructor.
Neat and scary.
prepared
Focusing on preparation probably is a good sell for profs, but kind of patronizing to students.
Persuall generates more revenue and less cost for publishers without increasing the price to students (and without charging instructors).
Publishers pay Peruseall.
no cost to the students to use Perusall with a textbook, beyond the cost of the book itself.
So what's the business model? A cut from the publisher for advertising/distribution basically?
you can still upload your own documents and assign readings both from the book and from your own documents
In Peruseall?
catalog of available titles.
Limited catalog.
we'll work with the publisher
Needs to be worked out with publishers.
The team
No engineers (listed).
Order and assign textbooks
So they are actually selling books packaged with annotation or "order" as in organize?
Turn solitary reading assignments into engaging collective activities
hashtag social reading
I will likely have a deadline of three hours prior to class for each day’s annotations to ameliorate this,
Great call.
The “annotation” class did, on average, between 5% and 10% better on course assignments that rely on either close reading or critical thinking about theory (or both). On analytical papers, which ask students to compare ideas between scholars: 10% improvement On midterm in class exams, featuring short answer questions about specific scholars: 5% improvement On a take home final exam featuring cumulative questions and asking students to deploy theoretical ideas to new situations: 5% improvement
Wow! Data on the efficacy of annotation in learning!!
more nebulously but also importantly, greater class camaraderie and discussion.
This is indeed one of the more "nebulous" learning outcomes of using collaborative annotation in the classroom. In a word: community.
It is our failure to internalize the idea that people who work for edtech companies are our colleagues and our partners which is at the root of much of disconnect that I see across the school / vendor divide.
I came to this article through an Audrey Watters Tweet critique, but actually think this is a reasonable argument. It does not necessarily mean turning off the critical lens when evalutating ed-tech. It does mean turning criticism into conversation.
This is not to say that those of us in higher ed are immune from market forces,
Right?! Or neo-liberalism.
March 29, 2017
This is published 7 days in the future!
We should not conflate the logic of short-term profit maximization with the values of the people who go to work at for-profit edtech companies.
Though it is all connected and those connections need to be interogated by academics and by those who choose to work in industry.
None of this is to say that we should be uncritical in our interactions with the edtech corporate world. There is lots of money flowing into edtech.
Exactly.
Smart ed-tech companies adopt these cultural norms of sharing, openness and transparency
authentic relationships between the the people who work at your company and your customers.
Your customer-retention strategy should be as robust and intense as your customer-acquisition strategy.
higher ed, as a whole, is a largely relationship-based industry.
The best way to scale your platform, service or product is to get a few schools to sign up, and then spend lots of energy and money making sure the followers know. This means having a sales strategy that is narrow, deep and focused.
'#influencers'
That's why very few of us are likely to sign up with an unproven vendor or adopt a new platform or service unless our peers have already done so.
This similarly assumes things are moving one-way and is not truly in the spirit of collaboration/conversation.
it requires robust and sustained conversations.
Yes.
they talk about their solutions rather than our challenges.
perhaps a rainbow in the sky.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQSNhk5ICTI
Res ear ch often isolates particular pieces of the complex puzzle in order to study them in detail. However useful this may be, it obscures the dynamism of the actual teaching and learning work that goes on, and cannot show the emergent and contingent nature of that work
So is one example of this the teaching of vocabulary and grammar out of context of authentic reading and conversation?
There must be room in a learning environment for a variety of expressions of agency to flourish.
Love this.
However, in order to make significant progress, and to make enduring strides in terms of setting objectives, pursuing goals and moving towards lifelong learning, learners need to make choices and employ agency in more self-direct ed ways.
This is just what Naoko is doing by allowing students to choose their topics of research within the context of a language learning course.
Agency is therefore a central concept in learning, at many levels an in many manifestations. It is a more general and more profound concept than the closely related terms autonomy, motivation and investment. One might say that autonomy, motivation and investment are in a sense products (or manifestations) of a person’s agency.
Interesting.
the multilayered nature of interaction and language use, in all their complexity and as a network of interdependencies among all the elements in the setting, not only at the social level, but also at the physical and symbolic level
Does this map to literary theory in any way?...
any utterance can carry several layers of meaning
And all those layers can be visualized through annotation: vocabulary, cultural context...
“layer ed simultaneity.”
Love that phrase.
look up a lithograph of Maurits Escher called “Three Worlds.”
I like to use this image to illustrate that any utterance has a number of layers of meaning. It refers not only to the here and now, but also to the past and the future of the person or persons involved in the speech event, to the world around us, and to the identity that the speaker projects.
Wow. Annotation fits quite nicely here as helping to visualize these layers in a slightly more user-friendly way than Escher.
and they are dynamic and emergent, never finished or absolute.
Come on, "not-yet-ness" (Collier).
ecologically valid contexts, relationships, agency, motivation and identity.
ecological perspective,
Everything is inter-related. Language cannot be learned out of context, out of community.
he becomes a distorted version of himself
This "distorted self" though is "hypervisible" rather than invisible.
When we know that we can access this information whenever we want, we are not motivated to remember it.
But with annotation we can at least mark it. And it does slow us down and force us not to just say "well, i know i can find the article later if it's important."
graduate studies should provide substantive training in language teaching and in the use of new technologies in addition to cultivating extensive disciplinary knowledge and strong analytic and writing skills.
Like rhet comp in English?
It is therefore the policy of the United States to improve the screening and vetting protocols and procedures associated with the visa-issuance process and the USRAP.
Maybe it's just the legalese here, but how is this casusal. Can your "policy" be to "improve" something? And what's wrong with the vetting process in the first place?
A story of how permissionless linking generates both spam and the music of the spheres
Wow!
It has gone beyond its own going beyond!
I love the addition of this second step as the primary addition of the digital to the humanities.
but what requires further attention is the link between the corporate reliance on efficiency and the problem of lack of time in learning and teaching.
I'm wondering if this is a false dichotomy. Can we leverage technology--yes, usually associated with speed, but necessarily?--to help slow us down?
the web previously lacked a decentralized, trustworthy mechanism for fact checking and public discussion.
All the more timely now.
a new generation of annotation tools on the Web while still leaving developers free to address specific use cases with tailored interfaces and services
A diverse marketplace rather than one ring to rule them all.
cannot be shared easily across the Web
Not just shared, but archived. My comments on various comment systems Facebook, page bottom of NYTimes, are all in different places and, from a research stand point, are hard to return to or gather together.
usually proprietary technologies chosen and provided by publishers.
Which likely means some sort of moderation, possible censorship by the publisher.
(This, it turned out, was also a deception.)
Agghhh!!!!!!
Joseph Antoniol
Great guy!
educators have a desire to unbundle all of the components of a learning experience
I believe this "unbundling" is critical to the future of ed-tech, but curious about the evidence for the claim that this is something educators have demanded.
collaborations between instructional designers and students
Love this idea. There should be more of this kind of collaboration.
persistent connectivity, enabling students and educators to access and contribute to shared workspaces, anytime.
I find this very powerful: the extension of the intimate and highly collaborative space of the classroom into asynchronous online environment has never been more possible.
and developing solutions to real challenges
Lots of mention of engaging in real world issues/solutions/etc. Is this at odds with the mandates of FERPA and privacy/security in general that govern ed-tech integration in education?
mastery of content that engages students in critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, and self-directed learnin
It's not "mastery of content" it's mastery of the skills to engage with content.
Rather than existing as single applications, they are a “confederation of IT systems and application components that adhere to common standards ...that would enable diversity while fostering coherence.”
This definition sounds a lot like the definition of the Web itself.
Domain of One’s Own
I'm pleased to see this truly innovative project recognized here.
are limited in capacity, too narrowly focused on the administration of learning rather than the learning itself.278
Agreed, emphasis is on the "management" not on the learning.
dynamic social exchanges
Really?
From an international perspective, Trump’s victory is the rule rather than the exception to a global political trend.
Chilling.
correctness
Also could be used to improve word choice and clarity: "accuracy"?
And even if commercially this all flops, we'll have nice specs and vocabularies to use where metadata is paramount: science, research, government, and the like.
And education.
Falkon1313 14 hours ago [-] This sounds like a great way to reduce spam and trolling. It would give you the choice to see discussion by friends_and_family group, your professional_colleagues group, your casual_social_friends group or whatever instead of by the random_youtube_comment_trolls group. A possible downside would be that the filter bubble and confirmation bias would be web-wide if a user only selects groups that they agree with (as many would be likely to do). reply aethertron 4 hours ago [-] It'd be good for there to be a way for each site to suggest recommended annotation services. reply
Loving these visions!
Relationships between comments -- It's great that this solution gives threaded comments as a first-class feature, but you also want to be able to group comments together in arbitrary ways and be able to show and hide them. In my examples above, there are two systems at work: the ideational similarities between words, and the patterns of assonance / consonance. You could also add additional systems on top of this: glossing what words or phrases mean (and in Shakespeare, these are often multiple), or providing meta-commentary on textual content relative to other content, or even social commentary on the commentaries. You need a way to manage hierarchies or groups of content to do this effectively. No existing solution that I am aware of attempts this.
Tags?
the same comment can be used to describe multiple portions of text as well.
Good idea!
Perhaps the filtering would also be done by a third party
Interesting...
Comments you can't turn off and can't moderate and from which you can't ban misbehaving users seem to me like they will turn immediately into a cesspool of hate, bullying and stupidity.You'd think we'd have learned our lesson by now. Free speech, by awful people, is overrated and can result in disasters. reply blueyes 16 hours ago [-] I know Dan Whaley, the author of the post, personally. This is not about promoting a company. This is about allowing people with knowledge to combat fake news. He has been working to make annotation a web standard for years. The fake news that he, in particular, is worried about is climate change denial. The pages of the WSJ and much of the Web are riddled with BS. This annotation enablement will allow, for example, climate scientists to set up channels that annotate the falsehoods and point to credible sources and facts. reply skywhopper 49 minutes ago [-] How will these annotations be seen by anyone not already on board with the message? Maybe that's all that it's for? If not, how do you keep it from being overloaded by trolls?
Resolving this dilemma remains central to the project.
The toy extension was playing around with using these annotations to alert publishers and potentially other users of typos in their articles and pages. It would be nice to have a side channel to report typos other than just using the comment section or trying to find an email address.
Neat idea!
At least one member of the Hypothesis team came from Genius (formerly Rap Genius) which is the largest annotation service on the web.
I hear he's still a genius, though.
or share private notes with others
Though clearly the Amazon system is limited, you can actually do this with Kindle. See this tutorial.
individual interest
This may be off topic since it's basically assumed here, but how do you create the learning context in which all students are ready and willing to jump into individual research projects? I'd guess that saying choose whatever you want to research isn't enough. Some students will need more guidance or inspiration or motivation, no?
It describes methods for integrating and employing technology, including a number of free resources that are available on the web and apps on smartphones and tablets.
Including collaborative web annotation?
They also quickly made important connections between to their own work and with their classmates through their shared blog posts. Eric, a graduate student in education aspiring to teach math, wrote “I feel like a conspiracy theorist… I’m finding connections everywhere!”
So do you think this was because of the practice of annotation, a learning activity that encourages making connections?
designed to make people of all backgrounds and wherever located masters of their technology and not its unthinking servants.
I remain fascinated that technological mastery is part of the original charter for the NEH.
They “come for the cost savings and stay for the pedagogy,” if you will.
Have we seen the larger movement shift in this way or are we still focused (say, in terms of funding) on content?
It is a common tactic of older software companies to offer open source, services, and tools in a way that all roads just lead into their walled garden.
For a long time I've been looking for such a succinct problematization of Late State Open Source.
Not in the right major. Not in the right class. Not in the right school. Not in the right country.
There's a bit of a slippery slope here, no? Maybe it's Audrey on that slope, maybe it's data-happy schools/companies. In either case, I wonder if it might be productive to lay claim to some space on that slope, short of the dangers below, aware of them, and working to responsibly leverage machine intelligence alongside human understanding.
Not in this world of “alternate facts,” to be sure.
In some cases, isn't this precisely what combats alternative facts? Wasn't it data--subway ridership specific--that was used to disprove Trump's false claims about turnout at the Inauguration? (I don't disagree that data alone or primarily is what is needed.)
most of which I’d wager are not owned or managed by the school itself but rather outsourced to a third-party provider.
Would this situation really be better if it was absolutely controlled by the school?
in order to facilitate advisors holding more productive conversations about potential academic directions with their advisees.
Conversations!
Each morning, all alerts triggered over the previous day are automatically sent to the advisor assigned to the impacted students, with a goal of advisor outreach to the student within 24 hours.
Key that there's still a human and human relationships in the equation here.
A single screen for each student offers all of the information that advisors reported was most essential to their work,
Did students have access to the same data?
and Georgia State's IT and legal offices readily accepted the security protocols put in place by EAB to protect the student data.
So it's not as if this was done willy-nilly.
Western understanding of marriage
Is it the Platonic ideal of love (from the Republic)?
The good news is that it doesn’t matter if we find we have married the wrong person.
The title of this piece is so provocative, I feel this more nuanced point should have been made earlier.
very different and more administrative plane,
The administration of love is a different thing than its origin, its discovery.
“And how are you crazy?”
I love this as a speed dating question!
When the segment of interest is a selection in a textual resource, one kind of selector captures the selection and its surrounding text. Another captures the position of the selection (“starts at the 347th character, ends at the 364th”). Still another captures its location in a web page (“contained in the 2nd list item in the first list in the seventh paragraph”). For reasons of both speed and reliability, Hypothesis uses all three selectors when it attaches (“anchors”) an annotation to a selection.
This is useful for users concerned about changing content--should probably be articulated somewhere on the h site.
That entanglement makes it harder to provide tools that support the tasks individually. If you can annotate segments of interest, though, you can disentangle the tasks, tool them separately, build the book more efficiently, and ensure others can more cleanly repurpose your work.
The vision here seems more of a set of tools that can be integrated into various platforms rather than a single platform with a set of features. In this way, it's very similar to the idea behind EDUCAUSE's NGDLE initiative--or even Canvas's LTI-based app store.
The web of URL-addressable resources is infinitely large. Even so, URLs address only a small part of a larger infinity of resources: words and phrases in texts, regions within images, segments of audio and video. Web annotation enables us to address that larger infinity.
This.
Though the complaining candidate in this case was also a black man, it seems evident that there was demonstrable racial animus on the part of those Sessions helped by bringing the case.
This needs to be unpacked. It would seem part of Sessions' job at the time to evaluate these motivations and decide whether or not to prosecute the case.
masculinity
test
Must we always transform to mechanical movements in order to proceed from one electrical phenomenon to another?
Abstractly worded, but this remains an enduring question about technology and innovation. Albeit with a more critical sensibility than Bush carries in this essay.
more directly?
delight
I love that pleasure is foregrounded as part of this process.
amplified
Amplification is an interesting trope in Bush's essay and tech talk in general. It's less about speed than visibility. Certainly works for annotation:
Online, a book can be a gathering place, a shared space where readers record their reactions and conversations. Those interactions ultimately become part of the book too, a kind of amplified marginalia.
Thus he builds a trail of his interest through the maze of materials available to him.
I love the image of a trail through a maze.
specialization
Though clearly, Bush is situated squarely within a capitalist context, I'm reading Marx in here against the grain in terms of specialization and the loss of holistic sense of labor. Could increased access to knowledge counter that trend in capitalism?
advanced photography which can record what is seen or even what is not
I realize this isn't contemporary but Bush's allusion to photography revealing the unseen made me think of this early meme:
All else he should be able to turn over to his mechanism,
3 cheers for automation!
the prosaic problem of the great department store
"Disrupted" by Amazon.
It is exactly as though the physical items had been gathered together from widely separated sources and bound together to form a new book.
I love this idea of pastiche at the core of the memex.
he names it,
Bush is usually credited with conceiving of hyperlinks, right? But isn't he really talking about tagging?
It consists of a desk,
amplified marginalia
Reminds me of Vannevar Bush's notation of amplification in the memex.
Online, a book can be a gathering place, a shared space where readers record their reactions and conversations. Those interactions ultimately become part of the book too, a kind of amplified marginalia.
The emphasis on place is so important here.