- Last 7 days
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Cinelli, M., Morales, G. D. F., Galeazzi, A., Quattrociocchi, W., & Starnini, M. (2020). Echo Chambers on Social Media: A comparative analysis. ArXiv:2004.09603 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09603
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www.sciencemag.org www.sciencemag.org
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Servick, K., EnserinkJun. 2, M., 2020, & Pm, 7:55. (2020, June 2). A mysterious company’s coronavirus papers in top medical journals may be unraveling. Science | AAAS. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/06/mysterious-company-s-coronavirus-papers-top-medical-journals-may-be-unraveling
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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surgisphere.com surgisphere.com
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Desai, S. (2020, May 29). Response to Widespread Reaction to Recent Lancet Article on Hydroxychloroquine. Surgisphere Corporation. https://surgisphere.com/2020/05/29/response-to-widespread-reaction-to-recent-lancet-article-on-hydroxychloroquine/
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science.sciencemag.org science.sciencemag.org
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Servick, K., & Enserink, M. (2020). The pandemic’s first major research scandal erupts. Science, 368(6495), 1041–1042. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.368.6495.1041
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www.statnews.com www.statnews.com
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says, J. C. (2020, June 4). Lancet, NEJM retract Covid-19 studies that sparked backlash. STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2020/06/04/lancet-retracts-major-covid-19-paper-that-raised-safety-concerns-about-malaria-drugs/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Han, H., & Dawson, K. J. (2020). JASP (Software) [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/67dcb
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Colbourn, T. (2020). Unlocking UK COVID-19 policy. The Lancet Public Health, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30135-3
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textnets.readthedocs.io textnets.readthedocs.io
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Bail, C. A. (2016). Combining natural language processing and network analysis to examine how advocacy organizations stimulate conversation on social media. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(42), 11823–11828. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1607151113
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bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com
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Boulesteix, A., Strobl, C. Optimal classifier selection and negative bias in error rate estimation: an empirical study on high-dimensional prediction. BMC Med Res Methodol 9, 85 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-9-85
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Rosenbusch, H., Hilbert, L. P., Evans, A. M., & Zeelenberg, M. (2020). StatBreak: Identifying “Lucky” Data Points Through Genetic Algorithms. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 2515245920917950. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245920917950
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Chu, D., Akl, E., El-Harakeh, A., Bognanni, A., Lotf, T., Loeb, M., ... & Chen, C. (2020). Physical Distancing, Face Masks, and Eye Protection to Prevent Person-Person COVID-19 Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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github.com github.com
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Codecheckers/covid-uk. (2020). [R]. CODECHECK. https://github.com/codecheckers/covid-uk (Original work published 2020)
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www.tandfonline.com www.tandfonline.com
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Bell, K., & Green, J. (2020). Premature evaluation? Some cautionary thoughts on global pandemics and scholarly publishing. Critical Public Health, 0(0), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2020.1769406
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Mehra, M. R., Desai, S. S., Ruschitzka, F., & Patel, A. N. (2020). Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine with or without a macrolide for treatment of COVID-19: A multinational registry analysis. The Lancet, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31180-6
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- May 2020
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twitter.com twitter.com
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🔥Kareem Carr🔥 on Twitter: “I want to talk about bugs in statistical analyses. I think many data analysts worry unnecessarily about this. I do think it’s important to put a good faith effort into avoiding bugs, but I know data analysts that live in terror of hearing there’s a bug in published work. 1/6” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved May 30, 2020, from https://twitter.com/kareem_carr/status/1266029701392412673
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Verity, R., Okell, L., Dorigatti, I., Winskill, P., Whittaker, C., Walker, P., Donnelly, C., Ferguson, N., & Ghani, A. (2020). COVID-19 and the difficulty of inferring epidemiological parameters from clinical data – Authors’ reply. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30443-6
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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O’Keeffe, K. P., Griffith, V., Xu, Y., Santi, P., & Ratti, C. (2020). The darkweb: A social network anomaly. ArXiv:2005.14023 [Nlin, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14023
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Hanel, P. H. P. (2020). Conducting High Impact Research With Limited Financial Resources (While Working From Home) [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/s3fcu
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Sutin, A., Luchetti, M., Aschwanden, D., Lee, J., Sesker, A. A., Strickhouser, J., … Terracciano, A. (2020, May 6). Change in Five-Factor Model Personality Traits During the Acute Phase of the Coronavirus Pandemic. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/ja7b5
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www.unforgettable.me www.unforgettable.me
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Register here: (n.d.). Google Docs. Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdqXWlf0sbRR9wSH_42shm4vU4tHcCe0bQZuC-6ngHaI4I32w/viewform??embedded=true&usp=embed_facebook
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Aslak, U., & Alessandretti, L. (2020). Infostop: Scalable stop-location detection in multi-user mobility data. ArXiv:2003.14370 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.14370
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Mancastroppa, M., Burioni, R., Colizza, V., & Vezzani, A. (2020). Active and inactive quarantine in epidemic spreading on adaptive activity-driven networks. ArXiv:2004.07902 [Cond-Mat, Physics:Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.07902
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Lanovaz, M., & Turgeon, S. (2020). Tutorial: Applying Machine Learning in Behavioral Research [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/9w6a3
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Farias, J. E. M., & Pilati, R. (2020). Violating social distancing amid COVID-19 pandemic: Psychological factors to improve compliance [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/apg9e
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Lobato, E. J. C., Powell, M., Padilla, L., & Holbrook, C. (2020). Factors Predicting Willingness to Share COVID-19 Misinformation. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/r4p5z
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nexus.od.nih.gov nexus.od.nih.gov
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Santangelo, G. (2020, April 15). New NIH Resource to Analyze COVID-19 Literature: The COVID-19 Portfolio Tool. NIH Extramural Nexus. https://nexus.od.nih.gov/all/2020/04/15/new-nih-resource-to-analyze-covid-19-literature-the-covid-19-portfolio-tool/
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www.covidcrisislab.unibocconi.eu www.covidcrisislab.unibocconi.euAbout us1
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About us. (n.d.). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from /wps/wcm/connect/Site/CovidCrisisLab/Home/About+us
Tags
- health
- consequence
- crisis
- research
- lang:en
- healthcare
- society
- lab
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- is:webpage
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- implication
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- COVID-19
- policy
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- laboratory
Annotators
URL
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www.preprints.org www.preprints.org
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Samuel, J.; Ali, G.G.M.N.; Rahman, M.M.; Esawi, E.; Samuel, Y. COVID-19 Public Sentiment Insights and Machine Learning for Tweets Classification. Preprints 2020, 2020050015 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202005.0015.v1)
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Golino, H., Christensen, A. P., Moulder, R. G., Kim, S., & Boker, S. M. (2020, April 14). Modeling latent topics in social media using Dynamic Exploratory Graph Analysis: The case of the right-wing and left-wing trolls in the 2016 US elections. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tfs7c
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journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
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Hohn, R. E., Slaney, K. L., & Tafreshi, D. (2020). An Empirical Review of Research and Reporting Practices in Psychological Meta-Analyses. Review of General Psychology, 1089268020918844. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089268020918844
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bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com bmcmedresmethodol.biomedcentral.com
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Munn, Z., Peters, M. D. J., Stern, C., Tufanaru, C., McArthur, A., & Aromataris, E. (2018). Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 18(1), 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-018-0611-x
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Dhami, M. K., & Mandel, D. R. (2020). UK and US policies for communicating probability in intelligence analysis: A review [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/kuyhb
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Davey, M. (2020, May 28). Questions raised over hydroxychloroquine study which caused WHO to halt trials for Covid-19. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/may/28/questions-raised-over-hydroxychloroquine-study-which-caused-who-to-halt-trials-for-covid-19
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www.repository.cam.ac.uk www.repository.cam.ac.uk
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Toxvaerd, F. M. O. (2020). Equilibrium Social Distancing [Working Paper]. Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.52489
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Jo Wood on Twitter: „Yesterday saw by far the highest ever use of London @SantanderCycles and possibly highest volume of cycling ever seen in the capital. / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved May 27, 2020, from https://twitter.com/jwolondon/status/1265197657385025536
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www.digital-democracy.org www.digital-democracy.org
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If it’s a live pet, you do a little threat modeling: is the cat cute and cuddly, or will it scratch the kid’s face off?
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wintoncentre.maths.cam.ac.uk wintoncentre.maths.cam.ac.uk
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Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication
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www.annualreviews.org www.annualreviews.org
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Correia, Rion Brattig, Ian B. Wood, Johan Bollen, and Luis M. Rocha. “Mining Social Media Data for Biomedical Signals and Health-Related Behavior.” Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science, May 4, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-030320-040844.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Feys, F., Brokken, S., & De Peuter, S. (2020, May 22). Risk-benefit and cost-utility analysis for COVID-19 lockdown in Belgium: the impact on mental health and wellbeing. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xczb3
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www.scirp.org www.scirp.org
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Makulilo, A. B. (2016). “A Person Is a Person through Other Persons”—A Critical Analysis of Privacy and Culture in Africa. Beijing Law Review, 7(3), 720–726. https://doi.org/10.4236/blr.2016.73020
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science.sciencemag.org science.sciencemag.org
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Salje, H., Tran Kiem, C., Lefrancq, N., Courtejoie, N., Bosetti, P., Paireau, J., Andronico, A., Hozé, N., Richet, J., Dubost, C.-L., Le Strat, Y., Lessler, J., Levy-Bruhl, D., Fontanet, A., Opatowski, L., Boelle, P.-Y., & Cauchemez, S. (2020). Estimating the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in France. Science, eabc3517. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc3517
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analytics.google.com analytics.google.com
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Cross-channel conversion paths See the big picture. Understand the value of upper funnel ad clicks in multi-click, cross-channel journeys.
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covid19.gleamproject.org covid19.gleamproject.org
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Gleam Project | COVID-19 Mobility USA
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Buitrago-Garcia, D. C., Egli-Gany, D., Counotte, M. J., Hossmann, S., Imeri, H., Salanti, G., & Low, N. (2020). The role of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections: Rapid living systematic review and meta-analysis [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.25.20079103
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psychologicalsciences.unimelb.edu.au psychologicalsciences.unimelb.edu.au
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White, J. (2020, May 8). Attitudes of Australians to the Government’s COVIDSafe contact tracing app. Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences. https://psychologicalsciences.unimelb.edu.au/chdh/news/attitudes-of-australians-to-the-governments-covidsafe-contact-tracing-app
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science.sciencemag.org science.sciencemag.org
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Aspesi, C., & Brand, A. (2020). In pursuit of open science, open access is not enough. Science, 368(6491), 574–577. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3763
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Kennedy, B., Atari, M., Davani, A. M., Hoover, J., Omrani, A., Graham, J., & Dehghani, M. (2020, May 7). Moral Concerns are Differentially Observable in Language. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uqmty
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ai.googleblog.com ai.googleblog.com
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Tsitsulin, A. & Perozzi B. Understanding the Shape of Large-Scale Data. (2020 May 05). Google AI Blog. http://ai.googleblog.com/2020/05/understanding-shape-of-large-scale-data.html
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psycnet.apa.org psycnet.apa.org
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Can we count on parents to help their children learn at home? (2020, May 8). Evidence for Action. https://blogs.unicef.org/evidence-for-action/can-we-count-on-parents-to-help-their-children-learn-at-home/
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academic.oup.com academic.oup.com
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While somewhat modest in size, the literature on chronic tolerance to nicotine in humans is reasonably consistent in showing clear evidence of tolerance to subjective mood effects but little or no tolerance to cardiovascular, performance or other nicotine effects
This is what I'd expect for tobacco, but it tells me little about nicotine. Most of the subjective effects are not from tobacco, so It's still plausible that nicotine does not develop tolerance. Indeed, the effects that don't go away are the effects expected from nicotine.
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Sotis, C. (2020). Health, News and Economic Concerns During COVID-19: A Lotka-Volterra Analysis of Google Trends [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/j9s3h
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Cartaud, A., François, Q., & Coello, Y. (2020). Beware of virus! Wearing a face mask against COVID-19 results in a reduction of social distancing [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ubzea
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science.sciencemag.org science.sciencemag.org
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Drew, D. A., Nguyen, L. H., Steves, C. J., Menni, C., Freydin, M., Varsavsky, T., Sudre, C. H., Cardoso, M. J., Ourselin, S., Wolf, J., Spector, T. D., Chan, A. T., & Consortium§, C. (2020). Rapid implementation of mobile technology for real-time epidemiology of COVID-19. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc0473
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Zoder-Martell, K., Markelz, A., Floress, M. T., Skriba, H. A., & Sayyah, L. E. N. (2020, May 6). Technology to Facilitate Telehealth in Applied Behavior Analysis. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/nz5s7
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Du, H., Yang, J., King, R. B., Yang, L., & Chi, P. (2020). COVID-19 Increases Online Emotional and Health-Related Searches [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5gskw
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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Dey, S. K., Rahman, M. M., Siddiqi, U. R., & Howlader, A. (n.d.). Analyzing the epidemiological outbreak of COVID-19: A visual exploratory data analysis approach. Journal of Medical Virology, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25743
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leoferres.info leoferres.info
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Ferres, L. (2020 April 10). COVID19 mobility reports. Leo's Blog. https://leoferres.info/blog/2020/04/10/covid19-mobility-reports/
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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COVID-19 Social Science Tracker - Google Sheets
Tags
- behavior
- research
- lang:en
- preprint
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- social media
- mental health
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- international
- community
- infection
- isolation
- social norm
- misinformation
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- social science
- medicine
- government
- data collection
- uncertainty
- COVID-19
- unofficial
- sheets
- is:other
- policy
- conspiracy theory
- tracker
- spreadsheet
Annotators
URL
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easystats.github.io easystats.github.io
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Haaf, J. M., Hoogeveen, S., Berkhout, S., Gronau, Q. F., & Wagenmakers, E. (2020, April 14). A Bayesian Multiverse Analysis of Many Labs 4: Quantifying the Evidence against Mortality Salience. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cb9er
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Interdonato, R., Magnani, M., Perna, D., Tagarelli, A., & Vega, D. (2020). Multilayer network simplification: Approaches, models and methods. ArXiv:2004.14808 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.14808
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epjdatascience.springeropen.com epjdatascience.springeropen.com
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Vilella, S., Paolotti, D., Ruffo, G. et al. News and the city: understanding online press consumption patterns through mobile data. EPJ Data Sci. 9, 10 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-020-00228-9
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Laban, G., George, J., Morrison, V., & Cross, E. S. (2020, May 6). Tell Me More! Assessing Interactions with Social Robots From Speech. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/jkht2
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Modi, C., Boehm, V., Ferraro, S., Stein, G., & Seljak, U. (2020). Total COVID-19 Mortality in Italy: Excess Mortality and Age Dependence through Time-Series Analysis. MedRxiv, 2020.04.15.20067074. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.15.20067074
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Hart, O. E., & Halden, R. U. (2020). Computational analysis of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 surveillance by wastewater-based epidemiology locally and globally: Feasibility, economy, opportunities and challenges. Science of The Total Environment, 730, 138875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138875
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statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu
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Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science. (2020 April 22). Blog Post: New analysis of excess coronavirus mortality; also a question about poststratification. https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/2020/04/22/analysis-of-excess-coronavirus-mortality-also-a-question-about-poststratification/
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link.aps.org link.aps.org
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Krönke, J., Wunderling, N., Winkelmann, R., Staal, A., Stumpf, B., Tuinenburg, O. A., & Donges, J. F. (2020). Dynamics of tipping cascades on complex networks. Physical Review E, 101(4), 042311. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.101.042311
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Olthof, M., Hasselman, F., & Lichtwarck-Aschoff, A. (2020, May 1). Complexity In Psychological Self-Ratings: Implications for research and practice. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/fbta8
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Horstmann, K. T., Rauthmann, J. F., Sherman, R. A., & Ziegler, M. (2020, April 30). Unveiling an Exclusive Link: Predicting Behavior with Personality, Situation Perception, and Affect in a Pre-Registered Experience Sampling Study. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/ztw2n
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ds-pages.swarthmore.edu ds-pages.swarthmore.edu
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alphabet of death:
By ending her poem with the "alphabet of death," Kostenko establishes that society's fixation on scientific progress at the expense of human lives has divested language of its ability to articulate the conditions of the present and imagine a future. Any attempts at linguistic representation must culminate in the "death" symbolized by the nuclear power station. As such, language itself collapses in the face of Chernobyl.
As Jean-Luc Nancy writes in After Fukushima: The Equivalence of Catastrophes, "We live no longer either in tragic meaning nor in what, with Christianity, was supposed to transport and elevate tragedy to divine salvation . . . We are being exposed to a catastrophe of meaning." [1] In other words, Chernobyl is disastrous not because of what it represents, but because it defies representation of any kind.
[1] Nancy, Jean-Luc. After Fukushima: The Equivalence of Catastrophes, translated by Charlotte Mandell. Fordham University Press, 2015.
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no longer have the forest nor the heavens.
Kostenko represents Chernobyl not only as an environmental catastrophe, but also as the cause of total alienation from spirituality and heaven. It is possible to read this poem as engaging with one well-known reading of Chernobyl, which interprets the disaster as an inevitable apocalyptic moment predicted in the Book of Revelation:
Then the third angel sounded: And a great star fell from heaven, burning like a torch, and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water. The name of the star is Wormwood. A third of the waters became wormwood, and many men died from the water, because it was made bitter. [1]
In Ukrainian, the world "Chernobyl" is derived from two separate roots that combine to mean "black plant." The word "Chernobyl" refers to a specific species of Artemisia, which is a type of weed. [2] In English, Artemisia is translated as "wormwood," which has led many people to link the Chernobyl catastrophe to the "wormwood" mentioned in the Book of Revelation. However, as Michael Palij and William Fletcher note, "The coincidence is not quite so striking in the Ukrainian translation of the Bible, for there the name of the star is Polyn, the genus wormwood, rather than chornobyl', a species of wormwood." [2] Although the etymological relationship between Chernobyl and the Bible does not align perfectly, the religious reading of Chernobyl continues to resonate.
Sources:
[1] The Bible. King James Version. Christian Art Publishers, 2012.
[2] Palij, Michael & William C. Fletcher. "Chornobyl: An Etymology." Ukrainian Quarterly, vol. 42 Spring-Summer 1986, p. 22-24.
Image Credit:
"Redstem Wormwood" by Moxxie is licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0. The image has not been modified in any way and falls under fair use.
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Later we will determine: Who is to blame;
Compare the beginning of this part of the poem with the beginning of the first part of the poem, in which the speaker asks humanity to forgive him personally for the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster. In contrast to the plea for individual forgiveness that we saw previously, here the question of responsibility for Chernobyl is left unresolved. The use of the word "We" implicates the reader in a continuous and collective process of reevaluation and renegotiation of blame. The centrality of the word "we" in Lina Kostenko's poem achieves a similar effect.
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The contemporary of Hiroshima, the man who flew into Russia.
By representing Doctor Gale as the man "who flew into Russia," Voznesensky depicts the international medical response to Chernobyl as equally as heroic as the sacrificial contributions of the Ukrainian and Soviet first responders. However, as the contextual note about Dr. Gale mentions, Soviet radiation specialists like Dr. Angelina Guskova questioned the legitimacy and ethicality of the bone marrow transplant procedures he conducted. That being said, both Soviet and American newspapers presented Dr. Gale as being motivated purely by humanitarian concern and goodwill, which drew attention away from the important work and needs of doctors in the Soviet Union.
As the biographical note about Andrei Voznesensky states, he spent a lot of time in the United States. Due to his travels, befriended a great number of politicians, artists, and writers abroad, which may help to explain the prominence of Dr. Gale as a representative of the American response to Chernobyl in this poem.
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Is it the fault of science or of humanity?
This verse marks one of the first instances in the poem when the speaker distances himself from Chernobyl and interrogates who else can be held responsible for what happened. The distinction between "science" and "humanity" here is especially significant, because it presents two ways of interpreting and responding to Chernobyl. Chernobyl can be understood as an isolated scientific tragedy unique to the Soviet political and scientific contexts, or, as Kate Brown puts it, as an "acceleration on a timeline of exposures that sped up in the second half of the twentieth century . . . connected to many other events," such as war, environmental degradation, and political corruption. [1]
Read this annotation in conversation with these other important moments throughout the poem that deal with guilt and accountability:
"Forgive me, / a human, / Humanity"
Sources:
[1] Brown, Kate. Manual for Survival: A Chernobyl Guide to the Future. W. W. Norton and Company, 2019.
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They did not share it, we had to question it.
Unlike Voznesensky and Kostenko's poems, which utilize the word "we" to encourage the reader to reflect on their own complicity in the conditions that allowed for Chernobyl and its subsequent memorialization, Hernán Urbina Joiro represents the Soviet Union's "Iron Curtain" as the clear antagonist of the "West." On the one hand, Joiro's poem clearly demonstrates how the environmental and political effects of Chernobyl transgressed international boundaries. On the other hand, the dichotomy between "East" and "West" that structures the poem does not facilitate reflection on the question of whether it is possible and/or necessary for people within and outside of the former Soviet Union to reflect on their responsibility for their own responses to Chernobyl and nuclear power.
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- Apr 2020
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ds-pages.swarthmore.edu ds-pages.swarthmore.edu
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God is in He who went to the contaminated object;
To learn about a potential link between Chernobyl and an apocalyptic moment referenced in the Book of Revelation, visit this annotation.
In this section, the speaker represents Chernobyl not as responsible for a profound spiritual rupture, but instead as the catalyst for a renewed relationship between humanity and God. He emphasizes the presence of the divine in the actions of the first responders to Chernobyl while simultaneously reiterating that the "heroes" of Chernobyl "simply acted like a human."
This spiritual/religious symbolism of this poem is also reflected in its structure, which from the beginning takes the form of an extended plea for forgiveness, and in the references to iconography.
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Where is the poisoned fruit of knowledge?
The "poisoned fruit / of knowledge" can be interpreted as a reference to Adam and Eve's decision to eat from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil in the Garden of Eden, which is a key foundation of Judeo-Christian theology. This reference to original sin builds upon the religious symbolism in the poem, by implying that the people and systems responsible for Chernobyl repeated this irresolvable transgression.
Other examples of religious symbolism in the poem:
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He stares uninterruptedly, like Theophanes the Greek.
Read about Theophanes the Greek and the tradition of icon painting in Russia for context.
Here, Voznesensky links the "heroic human" of Chernobyl to the memory of a famous icon painter and the practice of viewing and venerating Russian Orthodox iconography. Engaging with the gaze of the icon is recognized as an essential aspect of the ability of the faithful to communicate with the divine. In this way, Voznesensky relates the act of bearing witness to Chernobyl with the holy ritual of icon veneration and meditation.
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Life alone is not an unfathomable parsec.
See this annotationfor a definition of the scientific term "parsec."
This verse expresses the speaker's skepticism regarding the capacity of a purely scientific framework to represent "life" and provide a viable framework for understanding reality. That is to say, science cannot adequately explain the Chernobyl catastrophe and its long-term implications for humanity. It is productive to read this line alongside Lina Kostenko's poem, which represents scientific progress as a trap that alienates humanity from language, environment, and faith alike.
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He simply acted like a human.
Throughout this poem, the refrain "because he is a human" emphasizes that the "heroes" who responded to Chernobyl acted in accordance with their basic humanity. However, at the beginning of the poem, the speaker identifies himself as a 'human' and asks for forgiveness for the Chernobyl catastrophe. As such, the language that the speaker uses to assign blame to himself (as a "human") is paradoxically the same as the language he uses to draw attention to the sacrifices of others.
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Forgive me, a human, Humanity – history, Russia, and Europe – that the monstrous test of the blind forces happened to fall on my land and my era.
See this link for information about the usage of the words "humanity" and "human" in this poem.
Who and what can be held accountable for Chernobyl? From the beginning of this poem, Andrei Voznesensky engages with the question of blame and forgiveness in the aftermath of catastrophe. The speaker self-identifies as a "human," who is asking for forgiveness from "humanity" as a whole. In this way, Voznesensky structurally separates the "human" who accepts blame for Chernobyl from the "humanity" that was affected by the disaster.
However, reading this introduction in conversation with the rest of the poem complicates the relationship between personal responsibility, forgiveness, and collective guilt that develops throughout this poem. Consider the following annotations in conversation with this one:
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Wasn’t there a way to put concrete and yellow steel in a radiation-proof sarcophagus that would not put an Iron Curtain in control?
Again, Hernán Urbina Joiro's poem chronicles the Chernobyl catastrophe as a battle for control that highlighted and worsened Cold War tensions between the "East" and "West." Consider the following annotations about this reading of Chernobyl and its role in the ongoing discourse about blame and responsibility:
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500 times more than in Hiroshima.
While this quantitative comparison between Hiroshima and Chernobyl helps to communicate the gravity of the Chernobyl disaster, many scholars have questioned the extent to which it is possible and productive to compare catastrophes. For example, Peter Gray and Kendrick Oliver write that "The resistance of the Holocaust to narration and other practices of historical sense-making provoked a broader intellectual deconstruction of the established modes by which meaning could be imposed on human affairs." [1] That is to say, catastrophes cannot be described in relation to established temporal, linguistic, or historical frameworks. Thus, Chernobyl requires us to question whether it is possible to fully represent, interpret, and respond to disaster through narrative and analysis.
[1] Gray, Peter and Kendrick Oliver. Introduction. The Memory of Catastrophe. Manchester University Press, 2004.
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The radioactive cloud ran circles around your Curtain, and caught up to Europe
In this verse, Chernobyl's radioactive cloud symbolizes a disaster that "escaped" the Soviet Union and reached Europe, thereby portraying Europe as the victim of Chernobyl accident and the Soviet Union as the perpetrator. Consider this discussion of the potential problems of enforcing this strict conceptual divide between European innocence and Soviet responsibility.
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The announcement was made. Minor setback, Solution in progress. Full stop.
The narrative of this poem is repeatedly interrupted by these "telegraphic" sections, which mimic the process of sharing information about Chernobyl with the public, as you can see in the "Gorbachev speaks" contextual note. This technique effectively simulates the disjointed and often contradictory dissemination of information about the Chernobyl disaster, both at the time of the accident and in our contemporary context, in the form of the inconclusive studies of Chernobyl's long-term effects and ongoing contests over its memory.
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atomic hostages to progress,
By writing about "atomic hostages to progress," Kostenko defines scientific progress not as a gateway to understanding, but as a barrier to comprehension and representation of the world around us.
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We
The word "We" is central to the structure and content of this poem. Kostenko's repeated emphasis on the word "We" prevents the reader from separating herself from the poem's engagement with nuclear disaster and the legacy of Chernobyl. It is helpful to read the usage of this word in conversation with Andrei Voznesensky's work.
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