855 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2024
    1. Then the other answered again, “Sir Gawain, so may I thrive as I am fain to take this buffet at thine hand,” and he quoth further, “Sir Gawain, it liketh me well that I shall take at thy fist that which I have asked here, and thou hast readily and truly rehearsed all the covenant that I asked of the king, save that thou shalt swear me, by thy troth, to seek me thyself wherever thou hopest that I may be found, and win thee such reward as thou dealest me to-day, before this folk.”

      The Green Knight shows his excitement to take the hit from Sir Gawain's hand in response to his wanting to take on the challenge. This implies a feeling of loyalty and willingness to carry out their end of the bargain. But then the Green Knight secretly changes the terms of the first agreement struck with King Arthur by adding a new condition to their agreement. The Green Knight adds a sense of mystery as well as potential risk for Gawain when he asks him to vow on his honor to find him later and offer a prize equal to the one he received today.

  2. Feb 2024
    1. we—are the beginningour work is today:A mugA floor brushBootsA catalogAnd when one person in his laboratory set upA squar

      I see this quote as a direct declaration of war against technology as a whole. Going back to analog roots of brushes, well-worn boots, and a magazine. All things needed in order to set up the grid behind art, a guideline of human creativity.

    2. We say that the world’s magnificence has been enriched by a new beauty:the beauty of speed.

      I feel this rule of the manifesto of futurism still holds up to this day. News, ads, and tabloids come at us faster than ever. There is always something to turn our eyes to and whenever the 15 minutes of fame and attention are up, we move on to the next thing. It is a constant, overstimulating cycle of content.

    3. We, however, are satisfied if in our bookthe lyric and epic evolution of our times is given shape.

      Each era has their own version of what the world should follow and believe. It is an constant evolving movement.

    4. We will glorify war—the world’s only hygiene—militarism, patriotism, thedestructive gesture of freedom-bringers, beautiful ideas worth dying for, andscorn for woman

      Pro-violence, very problematic

    5. previously—Engineers relaxed with artnow—Artists relax with technology1 For a detailed discussion ofRodchenko’s belief in theideal Soviet citizen, see VictorMargolin, The Struggle forUtopia: Rodchenko, Lissitzky,Moholy-Nagy, 1917–1946(Chicago: university of ChicagoPress, 1998).

      progressive way of thinking

    6. mid-twentieth century, Josef Müller-Brockmann and Paul Randconnected design methodologies to the world of business
    7. El Lissitzky, whose posters, books, and exhibitions are amongthe most influential works of twentieth-century design, had a huge impact
    8. scholar and designer Helen Armstrong,

      https://helenarmstrong.info

      She was "emerging" in 2006 when this was written, nearly 20 years ago. She's still a working professor with interesting projects.

    1. Graphic designers produce representations of society, and they help create access to information and ideas. But who gets to be represented, and who gets access?

      Beyond this question lies another to me. Who is art for? Do artists/graphic designers have a greater responsibility to the people that engage with their art?

    2. Graphic designers produce representations of society, and they help create access to information and ideas. But who gets to be represented, and who gets access?

      It is essential to question what we see as authority just because it looks official. The internet has opened information and platform access to many more people. What that looks like in the future is literally up to us. We can have a great effect as visual artists and strategic thinkers on how culture grows. What will "inclusive" mean 20 years from now. Will we still be fighting the same fights?

  3. Jan 2024
    1. Ghana ist weltweit das Land mit der schnellsten Entwaldungsrate. Die meisten Abholzungen sind illegal und widersprechen der neuen EU-Verordnung zu entwaldungsfreien Lieferketten. Die Bestimmungen werden in großen Stil umgegangen, dabei spielt Korruption eine große Rolle, aber auch mangelnde Kontrolle bei den Importeuren. Reportage der taz. https://taz.de/Abholzung-in-Ghana/!5985427/

    1. This means that for every advantage a new technology offers, there is always a corresponding disadvantage. The disadvantage may exceed in importance the advantage, or the advantage may well be worth the cost.

      Share an example of a technology you frequently use and share some of its advantages and disadvantages.

    1. How to beat procrastination?

      07.00 Clear goals — goals that focus on the action, not the outcome. (Very specific)

      See GTD on next-actions that make a distinction between outcomes (projects) and clear goals (Next-Actions)

      "This keeps your brain from wondering, what is the first step?"

      10.00 Challenge-skill balance. Find sweet spot where challenge is slightly more than your skill level. Too much challenge is anxiety, too little is boredom. How to tune it? (1) Lower the hurdle. (2) Compress time for a given task. (3) Define scope (What needs to be done? Why? How long?)

      14.00 Bypassing/response inhibition. Engaging in a task as soon as you are committed. Don't waver. Sleep to flow is an example.

      17.30 Flow payoff — have long blocks of focus, where the struggle to get into flow is actually worth it.

  4. Dec 2023
  5. Nov 2023
    1. Die englische Regierung hat in der letzten Oktoberwoche 27 Lizenzen zur Öl- und Gasförderung in der Nordsee vergeben. George Monbiot konfrontiert diese Entscheidung mit aktuellen Erkenntnissen zum sechsten Massenaussterben und dem drohenden Zusammenbruch lebensunterstützender Systeme des Planeten https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/oct/31/flickering-earth-systems-warning-act-now-rishi-sunak-north-sea

  6. Oct 2023
    1. zeppelin

      a large German dirigible airship of the early 20th century, long and cylindrical in shape and with a rigid framework. Zeppelins were used during World War I for reconnaissance and bombing, and after the war as passenger transports until the 1930s.

    2. upheaval

      a violent or sudden change or disruption to something

    3. unabashedly

      without embarrassment or shame.

    1. Furthermore, many markets grant Capacity Payments to eligible generators and interconnectors for being available to follow dispatch instructions, irrespective of actual generation. VICs would also be eligible to receive such payments but they should be directly to the VICO rather than any users. This allows users to bid without the influence of capacity payments and rewards the datacenters providing the VIC.

      Under this scenario, a grid operator would pay a datacentre to be prepared to switch off local physical load.

      The load would still be served through, albeit on a different grid or grid region where you didn't have the same strains on the electricity network.

    1. Teleoperators are the world’s second-largest consumer of batteries. Elisa is also offering its Distributed Energy Storage solution to teleoperators in other countries so that they can improve the reliability of their own mobile networks and do their part in accelerating the green transition by investing in a distributed battery reserve and utilising it to provide balancing services in their electricity markets.

      What is a teleoperator?

  7. Sep 2023
    1. 1. we processedthe human being2. we organizetechnology1. we discovered2. propagate3. clean out4. mergepreviously—Engineers relaxed with artnow—Artists relax with technology

      The manifestos focus on technology, efficiency and collective purpose over individualism have echoes today.

    2. We will destroy the museums, libraries, academies of every kind, will fightmoralism, feminism, every opportunistic or utilitarian cowardice

      The Futurist manifesto is all about collective action and getting aggressive instead of just sitting around thinking. Marinetti aimed to hype up crowds and shake things up.

    3. aleKsanDr roDchenKo Was The son oF a propMan anD a launDress. aT TheBeGinninG oF The sovieT revoluTion, he TransForMeD hiMselF FroM a painTerinTo soMeThinG enTirely neW.

      The rise of communism and the soviet revolution influenced Rodchenko embrace to constructivism.

    1. “A reporting organization should not purchase renewable electricity and simply apply it to scope 3 emissions without involvement from its supplier or customer.” Renewable Electricity Procurement on Behalf of Others: A Corporate Reporting Guide (page 4), EPA, 2022.
    2. Microsoft’s 2021 Environmental Sustainability Report includes 11 of the 15 scope 3 categories (page 19), while Google reports business travel and employee commuting as one total and “other” scope 3 emissions in a second total (page 11). Apple(page 84) and Amazon (page 97) report lifecycle emissions from customer trips to physical stores under scope 3 which are not categories prescribed by the GHG
    3. Certigy, a European EAC registry, has enabled hourly certification across many EU countries

      This is a tool offered by Unicorn.com specifically for energy reporting

    4. Apple, which has a relatively long history of reporting its scope 3 emissions, states in its 2022 Environmental Progress Report that it is actively evolving its scope 3 accounting methodology. “In fiscal year 2017, we started calculating scope 3 emissions not listed above. In fiscal year 2021, these include electricity transmission and distribution losses [...] and life cycle emissions associated with renewable energy. We have not accounted for emissions resulting from employees working from home [...] we are still evolving our methodology.“ Environmental Progress Report (page 84), Apple, 2022
    5. This also explains why, even though Norway’s grid-levelemissions factor is 10 kg CO2/MWh17 (98% carbon-free), the residual
    6. emissions factor is 402 kg CO 2/MWh (7.4% renewable), reflectingthat most EACs produced within the Norwegian grid are claimedand retired outside of the country.
    7. Data demonstrate that many companies do indeed pursue thispractice. For example, Norway was responsible for 43% of allguarantees of origin (GOs) exports in Europe in 2022, many ofwhich were purchased by companies whose operations have noconnection to the Norwegian grid on which these EACs wereproduced.
    1. Wind and solar are, of course, intermittent, but battery costs too are plummeting, to the extent that they often underbid so-called peaking plants burning natural gas

      Where would I look to find public evidence of this?

  8. Aug 2023
    1. constitute a grossly negligent and staggeringly ignorant response to the existential crises of the day.
      • for: polycrisis, polycrisis - response, incrementalism, greenwashing,
      • paraphrase
        • our preoccupation with
          • one-upping the Tweedledums, and with
            • social justice’ platitudes,
            • incrementalism,
            • technotopian thinking,
            • niceties of speech, and
            • mistaking
              • virtue signalling,
              • policy platforms, and
              • wishful out-loud thinking
            • for actual progress toward real goals,
            • constitute a
              • grossly negligent and
              • staggeringly ignorant response
            • to the existential crises of the day.
  9. Jun 2023
    1. Indeed the mainstream embraces almost anything edgy; although once the label is applied it is no longer on the edge.

      Once a movement becomes mainstream it's no longer sortout by the masses.

    2. emergence of other confrontational art and design movements, including Punk and Grunge, sought to unhinge dominant methods and mannerisms, but were ultimately absorbed into the mass culture.

      This is an example of underground turned mainstream.

    3. Despite its anti-establishment symbolism, Cubistic, Futuristic and Expressionistic veneers, he argued, would capture consumers’ attention better than a hundred slogans.

      The rawness of the avant-garde's talent connects to the public better than a structured sortout slogan. It speaks the language of the public.

    4. Yet when an intrepid commercial artist attempted to push the boundaries of design, they had to be cognizant of what industrial designer Raymond Loewy called MAYA (Most Advanced Yet Acceptable).

      Basically the underground talent is too raw to be publicized on its own so it needs to be watered down to be acceptable to become mainstream.

    1. The musical depiction of the lyrics from Figure 9.2 illustrates an additional aspect of bluesperformance practice—the use of call and response. Originally practiced by a large groupof people, this improvisational technique involves sharing ideas between the leader andher/his followers. Mastering the call and response technique is especially important at thebeginning of our encounter with jazz improvisation. It engages us in a meaningfuldialogue that includes exchanging and communicating musical ideas. The communicativeaspect of call and response is relatively straightforward in the context of verbal conversation.

      In a musical setting, however, when spoken words and sentences are replaced with motifs and melodic phrases, the structure of the call and response might not be as obvious. To be a good communicator, we have to know how to listen, pay close attention to what the other musicians are playing, and try to be receptive to their ideas. In certain scenarios, however, the use of call and response technique might create less than desirable effects. For instance, when the call and response takes the form of exact and immediate repetition, it might be impressive but not necessarily in keeping with the surrounding musical context. A much more subtle way of thinking about the call and response technique involves musical interaction at the level of the entire performance in which non-adjacent sections relate to one another, and where the flow of the performance is regulated by logically introduced musical ideas. In creating a musical narrative, then, we can also respond to each other’s playing, but these responses are not as obvious as simple repetitions tend to be. We can demonstrate our listening skills, for instance, by incorporating an idea that we have previously heard (i.e. a rhythmic motive from the drummer, or a melodic gesture from the guitarist) and develop it in such a way that leads to a more satisfying musical discourse. The call and response aspect of improvisation means that musicians understand each other’s intentions, have an unspoken agreement, so to speak, and project them with a high level of personal expression and musical commitmen

  10. May 2023
    1. More than 150,000 people took part in over 200 demonstrations in 28 centres, and 1500 were charged with offences stemming from these protests.

      springbok tour 1981

  11. Feb 2023
    1. Every visual creative work is a manifestation of the character of thedesigner.

      This emphasizes the importance of the designer understanding how their work ties into how people determine their level as designers.

    2. The resulting International Style leapt from Europe to the United States, spreading valuesof neutrality, objectivity, and rationality expressed through tightly gridded layouts andrestricted typography.

      The values that this style presented were impactful enough to reach the U.S thus foreshadowing it's importance.

    3. turned revolutIonary avant-garde Ideals Into forMal Method–ologIes, detachIng desIgn froM a dIsruptIve aesthetIc agenda.

      This can relate to their approaches to design and how they may relate to our approaches.

    4. A movementcalled the New Typography emergedfrom the Bauhaus

      This will be important to keep in mind for later in the reading.

    1. many experience a freeze response (fear and inability to act), or indeed a flight response - avoiding the problem altogether.While it can feel counter-intuitive, meeting climate dismissives with compassion can go a long way and help them break free from denial.
      • many experience a = freeze response (fear and inability to act), or indeed a = flight response
      • avoiding the problem altogether.
      • While it can feel counter-intuitive, meeting climate dismissives with = compassion can go a long way and help them break free from denial.
  12. Jan 2023
    1. And my mom is getting older now and I wish I had all the comments, posts, and photos from the past 14 years to look back on and reminisce. Can’t do that now.

      This reminds me of, during the height of the iPod era, when someone I know was gifted* an non-Apple music player and some iTunes gift cards—their first device for their first music purchases not delivered on physical media. They created an iTunes account, bought a bunch of music on the Music Store, and then set about trying to get it onto their non-Apple device, coming to me when it wasn't going well trying to get it to work themselves. I explained how Apple had (at the time) made iTunes Music Store purchases incompatible with non-Apple devices. Their response was baffling to me:

      Rather than rightly getting pissed at Apple for this state of affairs, they did the opposite—they expressed their disdain about the non-Apple MP3 player they were given** and resolved to get it exchanged for credit so they could buy a (pricier, of course) Apple device that would "work". That is, they felt the direct, non-hypothetical effects of Apple's incompatibility ploy, and then still took exactly the wrong approach by caving despite how transparently nefarious it all was.

      Returning to this piece: imagine if all that stuff hadn't been locked up in the social media silo. Imagine if all those "comments, posts, and photos from the past 14 years" hadn't been unwisely handed over for someone else to keep out of reach unless you assimilated. Imagine just having it delivered directly to your own inbox.

      * NB: not by me

      * NB: not as a consequence for mimetic desire for the trendiest device; they were perfectly happy with the generic player before they understood the playback problem

  13. Nov 2022
    1. Author response


      To: Reviewer: Heikki Vapaatalo, MD, PhD, Emeritus professor of Pharmacolog

      Dear reviewer Thank you very much for the insightful suggestions, the manuscript improved a lot with the changes performed. Please find the point-by-point answer to the raised questions. In the main text, all changes are highlighted in yellow. I hope that with the changes made the new version is suitable for publication.

      Best regards Valquiria Bueno

      General assessment

      The study is interesting and the title promises for me more than the MS finally contains.

      Answer: The manuscript is part of a project aiming to study ACE1 and ACE2 expression in cells from the immune system of aging and young adults. These initial results suggest that ACE1 (and probably ACE2) plays somehow a role in the process of aging.

      The background, question and the aim are relevant as explained in the introduction.

      Answer: We included a piece of information in the “Introduction” trying to link ACE1 expression in tissue cells and age-related diseases, as it follows:

      ACE1 has been suggested to influence age-related diseases (i.e. Alzheimer’s, sarcopenia, cancer) but the associated mechanisms are still under investigation. ACE1 polymorphisms were correlated with susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). [15, 16] In addition, it was shown recently that in normal aging ACE1 expression is increased in brain homogenates and this expression is unchanged in early stages of AD. [17] Regarding sarcopenia, Yoshihara et al. [18] found a weak correlation between ACE polymorphism and physical function. In cancer (gastric or colorectal), patients presented higher expression of ECA1 in tumor when compared with healthy tissues. [19, 20]

      The major criticism concerns the small size of the material (subjects, n=6), the small age difference (64-67 years) and the lack of younger controls.

      Answer: We agree that the small number of studied subjects is a limitation of this study. In spite of the interesting results suggesting that ACE1 expression could be linked to the health status, it was not possible to perform correlation analysis due to the small sample size. Even though there is a small chronological difference between the subjects, the biological aging is very different among them and reflects the genetics, lifestyle, nutrition and comorbidities. Another limitation is the lack of younger controls to compare with the subjects studied. Our next steps are to include younger controls, to increase the number of studied subjects, and if possible to get samples from older subjects (i.e. 70-80, 80 and more years old)

      Minor notes:

      1)Title: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) expression in leukocytes of older adults

      Answer: We evaluated only ACE1 expression, and thus, title, abstract, and main text were changed to ACE1 instead of ACE. We decided to change to title for: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 1 expression in leukocytes of adults from 64 to 67 years old

      2)Introduction: The last chapter, the Author should explain in more detail, how references 11-14 suggest that “ACE play an important role in the aging process”. Does this mean, that ACE is somehow regulating the aging process or in increasing age ACE -levels are changed?

      Answer: References 11-14 shows that age-related diseases occurring in older adults are associated with changes in the immune system. To complete the text we added:

      ACE1 has been suggested to influence age-related diseases (i.e. Alzheimer’s, sarcopenia, cancer) but the associated mechanisms are still under investigation. ACE1 polymorphisms were correlated with susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). [15, 16] In addition, it was shown recently that in normal aging ACE1 expression is increased in brain homogenates and this expression is unchanged in early stages of AD. [17] Regarding sarcopenia, Yoshihara et al. [18] found a weak correlation between ACE polymorphism and physical function. In cancer (gastric or colorectal), patients presented higher expression of ECA1 in tumor when compared with healthy tissues. [19, 20]

      Material and Methods:

      The N-value of the subjects should be mentioned here, as well the relation of females/males.

      Answer: Text was correct as suggested Blood was collected from adults (n=6, four females and two males) aged 64-67 years old in 2015.

      Do the Authors really regard 64-67 “older age” nowadays?

      Answer: Nowadays the most common term used for individuals older than 65 years is “older adults”.

      Why first many years later the assays have been done in comparison to the collection of the blood? Are the samples still useable, not destroyed?

      Answer: Samples are part of UNIFESP Biobank and have been kept in adequate conditions. We wanted to test cells from a period anterior to COVID-19 and those samples were the only ones that attended our purpose. We compared samples used in this study with fresh blood samples (cell viability and percentage of CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+) and the results showed good preservation of the cells.

      Did the subjects have some diseases and/or drugs because the possibly were from hospital sample bank?

      Answer: Samples are part of UNIFESP Biobank, but unfortunately we do not have information about diseases and medicaments.

      Express the company details similarly than Amersham, cities and countries.

      Answer: Changes were done as required ACE CD143 FITC (R&D Systems, Inc, Minneapolis, USA)

      Results:

      “Table 1 shows that older adults…..” The comparison between the present data and historical studies belongs to the Discussion.

      Answer: Changes were done as required

      Give also individual ages and gender of the subjects in the table 1.

      Answer: The manuscript version sent to medrxiv@medrxiv.org had age and gender on tables, but due to their request, any possible variable that could identify the studied individual had to be removed. That is why in the present version these variables are not shown.

      What means p-values here? Compared with which or interindividual differences in the particular variable? Should be explained

      Answer: We used p-value for interindividual differences in each variable since individuals age differently (biological aging) and thus, physiological parameters could be affected by genetics, lifestyle, nutrition, and comorbidities. It is now explained in materials and methods

      The numbering of tables and the text seems to me confusing. Only three tables, but in the text mentioned four. Number 4 does not exist.

      Answer: For some reason table 2 is missing in the main text, please find the new version with Table 2 included

      It would be good to have a list of abbreviations used in the description of the cell types for an unfamiliar reader.

      Answer: In each figure and table we are now providing a description of cells evaluated.

      Discussion:

      A major part of the discussion deals with previous publications and not meaning or clinical significance of the present findings and comparison between the present and earlier studies.

      Answer: The discussion was changed as suggested:

      Our results show that for the studied population, chronological aging and biological aging don´t go at the same pace. Even individuals having a small chronological difference (64 to 67 years old), they are heterogeneous for physiological parameters such as glucose, urea, glycated hemoglobin (Hbglic), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Changes in the same functional parameters have been reported by Carlsson et al. [22] and Helmerson-Karlqvist [23] in healthy older adults. Carlsson’s study [22] found that CRP value was 2.6 with a coefficient variation of 1.4% whereas in our study, it was observed higher values of CRP in 5 out of 6 individuals. Increased CRP levels has been associated with inflammaging and our findings show that the studied population has changes in functional parameters which are likely associated with an inflammatory profile. [24] The link between RAS and inflammation has been suggested but its role is not completely clear under physiological and pathological conditions. [25, 26] In addition, the association between ACE1 altered expression in tissues (brain, muscle, heart and vessels) and the development and progression of age-related conditions such as Alzheimer’s, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease has been suggested but results are controversial. [17, 27, 28, 29, 30] There are few studies showing the association between ACE1 expression in cells from the immune system (monocytes, T cells) and the progression of kidney and cardiovascular disease. [9, 8, 31, 32]. Therefore, considering the lack of information on this issue, we questioned whether ACE1 (CD143) was highly expressed in cells from the immune system during the aging process. We found that ACE1 was expressed in almost 100% of T (CD4+, CD8+) and B lymphocytes and in all phenotypes of these cells. In non-lymphoid cells, ACE1 mean expression was 56,9%. In agreement with our findings, independent studies showed that T cells from healthy donors and monocytes from patients with congestive heart failure expressed ACE1, but there was no investigation on cell phenotype. [25, 26]. Our study is the first to show that either inexperienced (naive) or fully activated (memory) cells expresses ACE1. Our findings suggest a that the expression of ACE1 in lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells reflects the health status since our studied population presented changes in physiological parameters and high levels of ACE1 expression on immune cells. Previous independent studies showed that patients with unstable angina [32] or acute myocardial infarction [33] presented higher expression of ACE1 in T cells and dendritic cells than controls subjects. In addition, markers of the cell (lymphoid and non-lymphoid) functional status such as inflammatory or growth factors production could be modulated by ACE inhibitors (ACEi). Accordingly, mononuclear leukocytes from healthy subjects incubated with endotoxin exhibited high levels of tissue factor activity which was reduced in the presence of captopril in a dose-dependent pattern. This result could be related to the antithrombotic effect of ACEi. [34]. In patients with congestive heart failure, immune cells cultured with LPS secreted high levels of the pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and these levels were significantly reduced in the presence of captopril. [35]

      In those previous studies, also ACE2 has been reported, why not studied here?

      Answer: Our next studies will be focused on ACE1 and ACE2 expression in cells from the immune system in both younger and older adults.

      In the limitations, the Authors fairly mention the real problem: The small sample size, and I would like to say lack of younger subjects.

      Answer: we agree with the limitations pointed and the text was changed as required:

      This study have limitations such as the small sample size and the lack of young adults for comparison. As an example, the subject with the highest CRP and albumin also exhibited a high percentage of ACE1 expression on T (CD4+, CD8+), B and non-lymphoid cells in addition to the lowest percentage of CD4+ naive cells, and the highest percentage of CD8+ terminally differentiated (EMRA) and DN B cells. However, due to the small sample size it was not possible to associate the high expression of ACE1 on immune cells with inflammaging and immunosenescence. It would bring important information to correlate physiological parameters/health status with ACE1 expression and to find out whether age and associated chronic diseases could lead to increased ACE1 expression.

      The COVID-19 point even tempting today, is too far from this study and unnecessary. Answer: Our point was to emphasize the negative impact of chronic diseases for the outcome of aging population during a viral infection and how ACE1/ACE2 expression could bring information to diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we would like to maintain this piece of information.

      Linguistic checking would improve the MS. Answer: We checked for possible linguistic mistakes

      Reviewer, Heikki Vapaatalo:

      I read with pleasure the very detailed answers to my comments.

      I very warmly recommend acceptance of this MS for publications without any further notes.

      Decision changed:

      Verified manuscript: The content is scientifically sound, only minor amendments (if any) are suggested.


      To: Reviewer: Calogero Caruso

      Dear Prof.Caruso Thank you very much for the revision of this manuscript. It is a privilege to have a manuscript reviewed by a research with high expertise on the field of ageing. Please find the answers to your questions and in the main text the changes in bold.

      Sincerely yours,

      Valquiria Bueno

      The paper is essentially anecdotal because it studies the cells of 6 subjects without any comparison with other age groups. There is also a serious limitation because beyond the age and sex there is no information on the donors (how and why they were recruited, what drugs they took, etc.).

      It is really a limitation to have only 6 individuals for the study, but they were the only ones fitting in the proposal of the manuscript. The samples were from a central bank of cells at UNIFESP and participants were considered “healthy” but there was not further information in addition to what we displayed on the tables of the manuscript. They were not living on homecares or hospitalized.

      Our aim was to evaluate samples from individuals aged 60-69 years previously to COVID-19 and/or vaccination. In addition, there were no samples in the same conditions (PBMCs, -80oC) of young individuals and using fresh blood could bring a result that could not be compared mainly regarding to myeloid cells and B cells as is follows in the below reference. Braudeau C, Salabert-Le Guen N, Chevreuil J, Rimbert M, Martin JC, Josien R. An easy and reliable whole blood freezing method for flow cytometry immuno-phenotyping and functional analyses. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2021;100(6):652-665. doi: 10.1002/cyto.b.21994.

      Our goal from now on is to expand this study with young and old adults samples since it is important to understand whether ageing is associated with an increase in ACE expression on immune cells.

      -To infer that chronological and biological ages do not match is inappropriate in the absence of the above information.

      This piece of information regarding chronological and biological age was required by another reviewer. I agree that the concept does not match without more information on the donors. However, the information is now referenced and should be considered when older adults are studied. Vasto S, Scapagnini G, Bulati M, Candore G, Castiglia L, Colonna-Romano G, Lio D, Nuzzo D, Pellicano M, Rizzo C, Ferrara N, Caruso C. Biomarkes of aging. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2010;2(2):392-402. doi: 10.2741/s72. PMID: 20036955.

      -However, the paper is of some interest because there are few studies on the topic.

      Thanks for this positive comment. Few studies on the topic was the reason why we decided to send the manuscript for publication even though there were some important information on the donors missing and limited number of individuals.

      Essential revisions that are required to verify the manuscript

      1) Although we do not have data on donors, placing an age and gender column in all tables adds a minimum of useful information for the reader.

      The first table submitted with age, but for requirement of MedRxiv, gender and age could no be linked to the metabolic results to preserve the anonymity of the donors.

      2) Inflamm-ageing means low grade of inflammation. The value of CRP 23.1 suggests acute inflammation (also because albumin has high values, while in chronic inflammation its values decrease). Therefore the Ly averages do not have to take this subject into account.

      Thank you for this comment. In a review of literature it was found an article (below) with CRP variation from 0.1 to 19.8 (Heumann Z, Youssim I, Kizony R, Friedlander Y, Shochat T, Weiss R, Hochner H, Agmon M. The Relationships of Fibrinogen and C-Reactive Protein With Gait Performance: A 20-Year Longitudinal Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022;14:761948. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.761948). There is also an article from your group showing CRPs <5g/dL and >5g/dL (Cancemi P, Aiello A, Accardi G, Caldarella R, Candore G, Caruso C, Ciaccio M, Cristaldi L, Di Gaudio F, Siino V, Vasto S. The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in Ageing and Longevity: Focus on Sicilian Long-Living Individuals (LLIs). Mediators Inflamm 2020;2020:8635158. doi: 10.1155/2020/8635158) that will be used to discuss how ageing impacts CRP levels. Considering the already small number of donors, data were maintained and statistics (mean + SD) with and without 23.1 mg/dL are now shown.

      This will be the new version (discussion) about CRP Carlsson’s study [22] found that CRP value was 2.6 with a coefficient variation of 1.4% whereas in our study, it was observed higher values of CRP in 5 out of 6 individuals. In addition, it was shown by Cancemi et al. in an evaluation of individuals from 40 years to older than 95 years (long-living) that CRP increases in an age-dependent manner. Increased CRP levels has been associated with low grade of chronic inflammation (inflammaging) and our findings show that the studied population has changes in functional parameters which are likely associated with an inflammatory profile. [24] However, an individual presented CPR 23.1 mg/dL suggesting acute inflammation instead, but as all donors were not hospitalized or living on homecares, this sample was considered as part of the study. Another study evaluating gait speed found CRPs varying from 0.1 to 19.8mg/dL (Front Aging Neurosci 2022;14:761948.). Our study has an important limitation that is the lack of data on donors such as the use of continuous medicaments or sarcopenia, hypertension, cognition, among others, and thus it was not possible to correlate CRP with age-related conditions.

      Table 1. Updated

      Other suggestions to improve the manuscript The authors write that their findings suggest that ACE1 could play a role in several processes linked to aging including the generation and activation of autoimmune cells, due to the experimental evidence that inhibitors of ACE suppress the autoimmune process in a number of autoimmune diseases such as EAE, arthritis, autoimmune myocarditis. [49] They do not appear to have these findings in their paper. So, it needs to change the sentence.

      Sentence changed to: According to experimental evidence, ACE inhibitors suppress the autoimmune process in a number of autoimmune diseases such as EAE, arthritis, autoimmune myocarditis. [49] Extrapolating these findings to our results, it is possible to suggest that ACE1 play a role in several processes linked to aging including the generation and activation of autoimmune cells.

      Rviewer: Calogero Caruso

      Decision changed:

      Verified manuscript: The content is scientifically sound, only minor amendments (if any) are suggested.

  14. Oct 2022
    1. Conversely, even before the mainstream began leeching off alternative cultures, the underground satirically appropriated from the mainstream.

      The mainstream is seen as the standard while the underground is seen as a copy or replica.

    2. Invariably, early expressions of sub- or alternative cultures are the most fertile sampling grounds

      Sometimes art and ideas can be considered as less than what already is accepted, as a result of things becoming more simplified and easier, resulting these neglected or irrelevant ideas one day becoming crucial to the future.

    3. Commercial culture depends on the theft of intellectual property for its livelihood.

      This was a great statement because it sparks curiosity in how the world around us is greatly influenced by the past and this which can result in what can be considered "Theft" and copyright infringement when considering how simple it has become to succeed commercially.

    1. typographic experimentation.

      Experimentation was something that became increasingly important even though it wasn't supported much at times.

  15. Sep 2022
    1. "detail": [ { "loc": [ "body", "name" ], "message": "Field required" }, { "loc": [ "body", "email" ], "message": "'not-email' is not an 'email'" } ]

      not complient with Problem Details, which requires details to be a string

    1. FetchErrorResponse: type: object properties: meta: $ref: '#/definitions/FetchMetaResponse' errors: $ref: '#/definitions/Error' example: { "meta": { "req_id": "d07c8b12-c95e-4a06-8424-92aac94bb445" }, "errors": [{ "code": "Unauthorized", "detail": "A valid bearer token is required", "status":"401" } ] }
    1. Above all, a fresh and original intellectual approach is needed, avoid-ing all standard solutions.

      This relates to the increasing difficulty of being originial with the rapid advances in productivity today.

    2. A striving for order can, and must, also be expressed inasymmetrical form.

      This relates to sticking to past foundations that are somewhat indispensable.

    3. Thetypographer must take the greatest care to study how his work is read andought to be read.

      Today, this is foundational since there are constantly advances in works of typography making documentation and research important to giving future credit.

    4. Evenin good central-axis composition the contents are subordinated to “beautifulline arrangement.”

      Clarity becomes less important due the focus on the composition being centralized as it relates to improving the visual appeal of the artistic, "arrangement."

    5. the rigidity of central-axis setting hardly allows work tobe carried out with the degree of logic we now demand.

      The central axis in art relates to a somewhat balanced distribution of space on an art piece.

      “ARTTALK Chapter 10 Balance - Ppt Google Img.” SlidePlayer, https://slideplayer.com/slide/10709291/.

    6. This utmost clarity is necessarytoday because of the manifold claims for our attention made by the extraor-dinary amount of print, which demands the greatest economy of expression.

      This emphasizes that having clear communication is made crucially important due to the difficulty of communicating to those who are surrounded by countless other "prints."

  16. Aug 2022
    1. Lucas, C., Vogels, C. B. F., Yildirim, I., Rothman, J. E., Lu, P., Monteiro, V., Gelhausen, J. R., Campbell, M., Silva, J., Tabachikova, A., Peña-Hernandez, M. A., Muenker, M. C., Breban, M. I., Fauver, J. R., Mohanty, S., Huang, J., Shaw, A. C., Ko, A. I., Omer, S. B., … Iwasaki, A. (2021). Impact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity. Nature, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04085-y

    1. Munro, A. P. S., Janani, L., Cornelius, V., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., Baxter, D., Bula, M., Cathie, K., Chatterjee, K., Dodd, K., Enever, Y., Gokani, K., Goodman, A. L., Green, C. A., Harndahl, L., Haughney, J., Hicks, A., van der Klaauw, A. A., Kwok, J., … Appleby, K. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): A blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. The Lancet, S0140673621027173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02717-3 s

    1. Sadoff, J., Gars, M. L., Cardenas, V., Shukarev, G., Vaissiere, N., Heerwegh, D., Truyers, C., Groot, A. M. de, Scheper, G., Hendriks, J., Ruiz-Guinazu, J., Struyf, F., Hoof, J. V., Douoguih, M., & Schuitemaker, H. (2021). Durability of antibody responses elicited by a single dose of Ad26.COV2.S and substantial increase following late boosting (p. 2021.08.25.21262569). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.25.21262569

    1. Thuluva, S., Paradkar, V., Turaga, K., Gunneri, S., Yerroju, V., Mogulla, R., Kyasani, M., Manoharan, S. K., Medigeshi, G., Singh, J., Shaman, H., Singh, C., & Rao, A. V. (2022). Selection of optimum formulation of RBD-based protein sub-unit covid19 vaccine (Corbevax) based on safety and immunogenicity in an open-label, randomized Phase-1 and 2 clinical studies (p. 2022.03.08.22271822). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.08.22271822

    1. Krause, P. R., Fleming, T. R., Peto, R., Longini, I. M., Figueroa, J. P., Sterne, J. A. C., Cravioto, A., Rees, H., Higgins, J. P. T., Boutron, I., Pan, H., Gruber, M. F., Arora, N., Kazi, F., Gaspar, R., Swaminathan, S., Ryan, M. J., & Henao-Restrepo, A.-M. (2021). Considerations in boosting COVID-19 vaccine immune responses. The Lancet, 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02046-8

    1. Collier, A. Y., Brown, C. M., Mcmahan, K., Yu, J., Liu, J., Jacob-Dolan, C., Chandrashekar, A., Tierney, D., Ansel, J. L., Rowe, M., Sellers, D., Ahmad, K., Aguayo, R., Anioke, T., Gardner, S., Siamatu, M., Rivera, L. B., Hacker, M. R., Madoff, L. C., & Barouch, D. H. (2021). Immune Responses in Fully Vaccinated Individuals Following Breakthrough Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Provincetown, Massachusetts (p. 2021.10.18.21265113). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.18.21265113

    1. John Bye [@_johnbye]. (2021, October 6). The new covid sceptic All Party Parliamentary Group on Pandemic Response and Recovery is backed by Gupta and Heneghan’s Collateral Global to the tune of over £30,000. £5,000 in financial benefits plus £25,501—£27,000 benefits in kind (CG is acting as their secretariat). Https://t.co/qll20Sg9aA [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/_johnbye/status/1445867760819396608

    1. And this system of linguistic competenceis qualitatively different from anything that can be described in terms of thetaxonomic methods of structural linguistics, the concepts of S-R psychology,or the notions developed within the mathematical theory of communication orthe theory of simple automata.

      What are the atomic building blocks that would allow stimulus-response psychology to show complex behaviors?

    1. Maker Governance moved fast to vote in Debt Auction parameter fixes and changes and additions to the system. The community quickly launched further analytic tools, allowing observers to better follow system fixes and changes. See the changelog.  The zero-bid events of March 12-13 led to a collateral auction shortfall amounting to approximately 5.4M+ Dai. Around 1,200 Maker Vaults became under-collateralized and were subsequently liquidated. As noted above, the Maker community is currently discussing the circumstances surrounding the zero bids and resulting liquidations

      How Maker resaponded to the mempool manipulation

  17. Jun 2022
    1. I have wasted my life.

      Well...OK, this is the gut punch. From my own personal experience on my farm, I feel the same. This morning I saw a a pair of juvenile greater blue herons flying across the creek and then gone. We have at least three nesting pairs of herons on our farm down by the same creek. I feel a wildly inappropriate sense of having helped this brand new mated pair of herons come into being. And then I feel that nothing else in my academic life compares to that. I, too, have wasted my life. It is not a reasonable line of argument. It is a gut feelilng as Wright lays the earlier observational truth upon us. Who can stand in the wake of nature's creative force? Pan always wins.

      And the other side of that line is one that says, "It is my life to 'waste'. What you call waste is all of the glorioius connection. A culture that does not value this simple idleness, that condemns it, that is the waste.

  18. May 2022
    1. The three key enablers of the hyperthreat—its invisibility, its ability to evade all existing human threat-response mechanisms, and human hesitancy—will be targeted with three corresponding lines of effort, which will be pursued across multiple task groups:10 Make the hyperthreat visible and knowable; Reduce hyperthreat freedom of action; and Achieve mass and speed of response.

      This is a salient division to create a series of collective actions: make it visible so that we can respond to the threat in a timely and effective manner.

  19. Apr 2022
    1. Mathew, D., Giles, J. R., Baxter, A. E., Oldridge, D. A., Greenplate, A. R., Wu, J. E., Alanio, C., Kuri-Cervantes, L., Pampena, M. B., D’Andrea, K., Manne, S., Chen, Z., Huang, Y. J., Reilly, J. P., Weisman, A. R., Ittner, C. A. G., Kuthuru, O., Dougherty, J., Nzingha, K., … Wherry, E. J. (2020). Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications. Science, 369(6508), eabc8511. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc8511

    1. ReconfigBehSci. (2021, November 2). @jeremy_hume personally, I’d consider it a natural, considerate, and moral response to avoid contact with others when carrying an infection that can be dangerous to others. So what seems dystopian to me, is not doing so, and not creating the social/financial conditions that allow it. [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1455499076850655235

  20. Mar 2022
    1. ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘@STWorg @ProfColinDavis @rpancost @chrisdc77 @syrpis this is the most in depth treatment of the impact of equalities law on pandemic policy that I’ve been able to find- it would seem to underscore that there is a legal need for impact assessments that ask (some) of these questions https://t.co/auiApVC0TW’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 22 March 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1485927221449613314

  21. Feb 2022
    1. Dr. Deepti Gurdasani. (2022, February 21). Did anyone hear any mention of long COVID, an illness affecting 1.3 million people, of whom 500,000 have had this for more than a year during the briefing? Are we just going to pretend it doesn’t exist? [Tweet]. @dgurdasani1. https://twitter.com/dgurdasani1/status/1495839416262311938

  22. openlab.citytech.cuny.edu openlab.citytech.cuny.edu
    1. But it isn’t. This is because over such a long period a message can easily be distorted or altered without this being in any way intended. (This distortion or alteration in the meaning or method of transmission of a message, whether intended or not, is called “noise.”) Languages, both written and spoken, always change. The meanings of symbols are often lost in the passage of time. In fact, most messages are bound so closely to a particular period and place that even a short time later they cannot be understood. Therefore, ensuring that a message created now can be decoded by future generations is highly problematic.

      Can symbol that represents one thing change over a long period of time to mean something different?

    2. ea. It is only because there is already a well-established connection in our minds between the appearance of an apple and the idea of temptation that this fruit is used in the picture. It is this connection that makes the picture successful in terms of communicatio

      Why was the apple chosen as the representation of temptation?

    3. semiotician,

      A Theory of signs and symbols that deals especially with there function in both artificially constructed and natural languages.

    1. That is, the first thing he asked of this particular object was not “How should it look?” but “What must it do?” and to that extent all good typography is modernist.

      Typography is not about how it should look but rather how it can convey the message.

    2. because everything about it is calculated to reveal rather than to hide the beautiful thing that it was meant to contain.

      I like this statement because when it comes to typography it is meant to reveal the beauty behind the design.

    3. that the most important thing about printing is that it conveys thought, ideas, images, from one mind to other minds.

      It's true that if you can transfer your thought and ideas in your design, your audience would be able to understand your message.

    4. maudlin experiments

      self-pityingly or tearfully sentimental, often through drunkenness.

    5. impudent

      Not showing due respect for another person or being impertinent

    6. When a goblet has a base that looks too small for security, it does not matter how cleverly it is weighted; you feel nervous lest it should tip over. There are ways of setting lines of type that may work well enough, and yet keep the reader subconsciously worried by the fear of “doubling” lines, reading three words as one, and so forth.

      The writer seems to to talking about the reader of a design becoming overwelmed by the text in a design when they look at it if there is to much causing the message of the design to be lost or not focused on in the design.

    7. Digital technology puts creation, production, and distribution into the hands of the designer, enabling such bold assertions of artistic presence. These acts of graphic authorship fit within a broader evolving model of collective author-ship that is fundamentally changing the producer-consumer relationship.

      What role does technology play in shaping design?

      Because of the technological advances that we have made, technology has helped designers to re-imagine the impossible.

      Technology has helped us to create the impossible.

    8. Today some graphic designers continue to champion ideals of neutrality and objectivity that were essential to the early formation of their field. Such designers see the client’s message as the central component of their work. They strive to communicate this message clearly, although now their post-postmodern eyes are open to the impossibility of neutrality and objectivity.

      What distinguishes the field, or fields, of design from other creative occupations?

      I think that creativity is key for distinguishing the difference between design and other occupation.

      As a designer you have to be neutral and creative in getting your clients message across.

    9. Looking back across the history of design through the minds of these influential designers, one can identify pervasive themes like those discussed in this introduction. Issues like authorship, universality, and social responsi-bility, so key to avant-garde ideology, remain crucial to contemporary critical and theoretical discussions of the field.

      According to this author, what role should design play in society?

      I think that the author was talking about how the design community should be the new avant-garde.

      I think that designers should be at the forefront of the design community.

    1. ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 14). man who contracted potentially disease and then violated public health orders tries to cross borders by providing incorrect info on key docs = just fine is not something I foresaw from this corner... Once consistency is thrown out as a standard, rational debate is impossible... [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1481929150042619908

    1. Timothy Caulfield. (2022, January 31). How Do You Respond When an #AntiVaxxer Dies of Covid? Https://nytimes.com/2022/01/30/opinion/culture/covid-death-mental-health.html?smid=tw-share by @JamesMartinSJ “Indulged in regularly, #schadenfreude ends up warping the soul.” “Don’t find another person’s misery the subject of mirth, glee or satisfaction.” Good reminder. One I needed. [Tweet]. @CaulfieldTim. https://twitter.com/CaulfieldTim/status/1488183630056755205

  23. Jan 2022
    1. Gentles, L. E., Kehoe, L., Crawford, K. H. D., Lacombe, K., Dickerson, J., Wolf, C., Yuan, J., Schuler, S., Watson, J. T., Nyanseor, S., Briggs-Hagen, M., Saydah, S., Midgley, C. M., Pringle, K., Chu, H., Bloom, J. D., & Englund, J. A. (2022). Dynamics of infection-elicited SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children over time (p. 2022.01.14.22269235). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.14.22269235

    1. Dr. Thrasher wrote a book! (2022, January 8). My cousin wanted to get tested. She waited in an auto testing line for 6.5 hours, and stayed in it bc she was traveling to bury her Daddy. How many people give up in such long lines? How many cases upwards of a million are we losing bc Biden et all failed on home tests? Https://t.co/Q7WVy5qD4v [Tweet]. @thrasherxy. https://twitter.com/thrasherxy/status/1479826389142491146

    1. ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 9). Just a thought on this and the general vaccine mandate debate. As a behavioural scientist currently stuck in Germany where this is a live debate, it strikes me that the thoughts below address only part of the population: Those not currently vaccinated. But what about ... 1/2 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1480213148032450565

    1. ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 9). There are many things I would not have believed about the pandemic pre 2020, but top of them is the fact that Western nations would completely ignore 24 months worth of actually implemented policies that were vastly more successful [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1480162136240398339

    1. Home

      Zuo, F., Abolhassani, H., Du, L., Piralla, A., Bertoglio, F., Campos-Mata, L. de, Wan, H., Schubert, M., Wang, Y., Sun, R., Cassaniti, I., Vlachiotis, S., Kumagai-Braesch, M., Andréll, J., Zhang, Z., Xue, Y., Wenzel, E. V., Calzolai, L., Varani, L., … Pan-Hammarström, Q. (2022). Heterologous immunization with inactivated vaccine followed by mRNA booster elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (p. 2022.01.04.22268755). https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.04.22268755

    1. Will Stancil. (2022, January 11). The US reported 1.4 million COVID cases yesterday and hospitalizations are the highest ever. We’re sailing into this hurricane with virtually no effort to change course because fancy people believe they have a god-given right to their normal lives, no matter how bad things get. [Tweet]. @whstancil. https://twitter.com/whstancil/status/1480914594243792904

  24. Dec 2021
    1. These designers value expression over style

      It's about expressing oneself or creates distortion rather than valuing or achieving a certain look that they should convey.

    2. syntactical

      in a way that relates to the grammatical arrangement of words

      in a sentence: a syntactically complicated language

      definition

    3. Shattering the constraints of minimalism was exhilarating and far more fun than the antiseptic discipline of the classical Swiss school.

      That's understandable because doing the same type of style over and over again can be boring sometimes.

    1. Heitmann, J. S., Bilich, T., Tandler, C., Nelde, A., Maringer, Y., Marconato, M., Reusch, J., Jäger, S., Denk, M., Richter, M., Anton, L., Weber, L. M., Roerden, M., Bauer, J., Rieth, J., Wacker, M., Hörber, S., Peter, A., Meisner, C., … Walz, J. S. (2021). A COVID-19 peptide vaccine for the induction of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity. Nature, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04232-5

    1. Thiruvengadam, R., Awasthi, A., Medigeshi, G., Bhattacharya, S., Mani, S., Sivasubbu, S., Shrivastava, T., Samal, S., Rathna Murugesan, D., Koundinya Desiraju, B., Kshetrapal, P., Pandey, R., Scaria, V., Kumar Malik, P., Taneja, J., Binayke, A., Vohra, T., Zaheer, A., Rathore, D., … Garg, P. K. (2021). Effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection during the delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge in India: A test-negative, case-control study and a mechanistic study of post-vaccination immune responses. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, S1473309921006800. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00680-0

  25. Nov 2021
    1. Thiruvengadam, R., Awasthi, A., Medigeshi, G., Bhattacharya, S., Mani, S., Sivasubbu, S., Shrivastava, T., Samal, S., Murugesan, D. R., Desiraju, B. K., Kshetrapal, P., Pandey, R., Scaria, V., Malik, P. K., Taneja, J., Binayke, A., Vohra, T., Zaheer, A., Rathore, D., … Garg, P. K. (2021). Effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection during the delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge in India: A test-negative, case-control study and a mechanistic study of post-vaccination immune responses. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00680-0

  26. Oct 2021
    1. Sun, W., Liu, Y., Amanat, F., González-Domínguez, I., McCroskery, S., Slamanig, S., Coughlan, L., Rosado, V., Lemus, N., Jangra, S., Rathnasinghe, R., Schotsaert, M., Martinez, J. L., Sano, K., Mena, I., Innis, B. L., Wirachwong, P., Thai, D. H., Oliveira, R. D. N., … Palese, P. (2021). A Newcastle disease virus expressing a stabilized spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces protective immune responses. Nature Communications, 12(1), 6197. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26499-y

    1. dichotomous

      1: dividing into two parts

      2: relating to, involving, or proceeding from dichotomy the plant's dichotomous branching a dichotomous approach can't be split into dichotomous categories

      merriam webster

    2. Yet most companies neglect design as a strategy tool. What they don’t realize is that design can enhance products, environments, communi-cations, and corporate identity.”

      This is true because a Designer can communicate one's ideas in a clear and sensible way. Companies need design in order to get as many people to associate themselves with them.

    3. maelstrom

      1: a powerful often violent whirlpool sucking in objects within a given radius tried to shoot the canoe across a stretch of treacherous maelstrom — Harper's

      2: something resembling a maelstrom in turbulence the maelstrom enveloping the country a maelstrom of emotions

      merriam webster

    1. “Hurry up and do it before someone else does!” she told him. And so he did.

      At least he did it quickly as possible because it's a known fact that people can have similar ideas as you.

      article

    1. ephemera

      Definition of ephemera 1: something of no lasting significance —usually used in plural

      2 ephemera plural : paper items (such as posters, broadsides, and tickets) that were originally meant to be discarded after use but have since become collectibles

      merriam webster

    2. A handful of African-American designers seemed exempt from Modernism’s influence, which may be because they didn’t work in advertising or commerce.

      This is not surprising at all. Funny thing is just as he mentioned that...it made me realize there's barely any black designers being known, especially around that time.

    1. During the transatlantic slave trade, Europeans essentially enlisted the “help” of Africans to assist enslavement of their own peoples. They did this by giving small rewards of weapons, luxury goods, and winning wars against neighboring tribes. During initial explorations, “free” slaves guided the colonizers through the land and water. For any of this to occur, it was a plotted strategy using persuasion and even coercion. With the births of “mulattos” (children of Europeans and Africans), were bought back to Africa and infiltrated to continue the enslavement of African people. This was the beginning of the mental programming and trauma that has been engrained in the beings of POC and passed down for generations.

    Tags

    Annotators

    1. Levin, E. G., Lustig, Y., Cohen, C., Fluss, R., Indenbaum, V., Amit, S., Doolman, R., Asraf, K., Mendelson, E., Ziv, A., Rubin, C., Freedman, L., Kreiss, Y., & Regev-Yochay, G. (2021). Waning Immune Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine over 6 Months. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2114583