Scientists study whether immune response wards off or worsens Covid. (2020, October 4). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/04/scientists-study-whether-immune-response-wards-off-or-worsens-covid

CNN, A. K. (n.d.). Fewer than 10% in the US have antibodies to the novel coronavirus. CNN. Retrieved September 29, 2020, from https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/25/health/coronavirus-antibodies-dialysis-patients/index.html

Commissioner, O. of the. (2020, September 23). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Authorizes First Point-of-Care Antibody Test for COVID-19. FDA; FDA. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-first-point-care-antibody-test-covid-19

Beware comforting lies about a “herd immunity” Covid-19 strategy. Here’s why it’s dangerous – Professor Devi Sridhar. (n.d.). Retrieved September 25, 2020, from https://www.scotsman.com/news/opinion/columnists/covid-19-herd-immunity-strategy-flawed-until-we-have-coronavirus-vaccine-professor-devi-sridhar-2981017

T cell immunity: What is it and how does it help to protect us from COVID-19? | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved September 18, 2020, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/201833/cell-immunity-what-does-help-protect/

University Of Pittsburgh Scientists Discover Biomolecule That May Neutralize Coronavirus. (2020, September 15). https://pittsburgh.cbslocal.com/2020/09/15/coronavirus-university-pittsburgh-biomolecule-neutralize/

Kofler, N., & Baylis, F. (2020). Ten reasons why immunity passports are a bad idea. Nature, 581(7809), 379–381. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01451-0

Aziz, N. A., Corman, V. M., Echterhoff, A. K. C., Richter, A., Schmandke, A., Schmidt, M. L., Schmidt, T. H., Vries, F. M. D., Drosten, C., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2020). Seroprevalence and correlates of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies: Results from a population-based study in Bonn, Germany. MedRxiv, 2020.08.24.20181206. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.24.20181206

Mandavilli, A. (2020, June 18). You May Have Antibodies After Coronavirus Infection. But Not for Long. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/18/health/coronavirus-antibodies.html

Corbett, K. S., Edwards, D. K., Leist, S. R., Abiona, O. M., Boyoglu-Barnum, S., Gillespie, R. A., Himansu, S., Schäfer, A., Ziwawo, C. T., DiPiazza, A. T., Dinnon, K. H., Elbashir, S. M., Shaw, C. A., Woods, A., Fritch, E. J., Martinez, D. R., Bock, K. W., Minai, M., Nagata, B. M., … Graham, B. S. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine design enabled by prototype pathogen preparedness. Nature, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2622-0

Walls, A. C., Fiala, B., Schäfer, A., Wrenn, S., Pham, M. N., Murphy, M., Tse, L. V., Shehata, L., O’Connor, M. A., Chen, C., Navarro, M. J., Miranda, M. C., Pettie, D., Ravichandran, R., Kraft, J. C., Ogohara, C., Palser, A., Chalk, S., Lee, E.-C., … King, N. P. (2020). Elicitation of potent neutralizing antibody responses by designed protein nanoparticle vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. BioRxiv, 2020.08.11.247395. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.11.247395

Consiglio, C. R., Cotugno, N., Sardh, F., Pou, C., Amodio, D., Zicari, S., Ruggiero, A., Pascucci, G. R., Rodriguez, L., Santilli, V., Tan, Z., Eriksson, D., Wang, J., Lakshmikanth, T., Marchesi, A., Lakshmikanth, T., Campana, A., Villani, A., Rossi, P., … Brodin, P. (2020). The Immunology of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children with COVID-19. MedRxiv, 2020.07.08.20148353. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.08.20148353

Rodda, L. B., Netland, J., Shehata, L., Pruner, K. B., Morawski, P. M., Thouvenel, C., Takehara, K. K., Eggenberger, J., Hemann, E. A., Waterman, H. R., Fahning, M. L., Chen, Y., Rathe, J., Stokes, C., Wrenn, S., Fiala, B., Carter, L. P., Hamerman, J. A., King, N. P., … Pepper, M. (2020). Functional SARS-CoV-2-specific immune memory persists after mild COVID-19. MedRxiv, 2020.08.11.20171843. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.11.20171843

Kreye, J., Reincke, S. M., Kornau, H.-C., Sánchez-Sendin, E., Corman, V. M., Liu, H., Yuan, M., Wu, N. C., Zhu, X., Lee, C.-C. D., Trimpert, J., Höltje, M., Dietert, K., Stöffler, L., Wardenburg, N. von, Hoof, S. van, Homeyer, M. A., Hoffmann, J., Abdelgawad, A., … Prüss, H. (2020). A SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody protects from lung pathology in a COVID-19 hamster model. BioRxiv, 2020.08.15.252320. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.252320

Addetia, A., Crawford, K. H., Dingens, A., Zhu, H., Roychoudhury, P., Huang, M., Jerome, K. R., Bloom, J. D., & Greninger, A. (2020). Neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection from SARS-CoV-2 in humans during a fishery vessel outbreak with high attack rate. MedRxiv, 2020.08.13.20173161. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.13.20173161

Bangaru, S., Ozorowski, G., Turner, H. L., Antanasijevic, A., Huang, D., Wang, X., Torres, J. L., Diedrich, J. K., Tian, J.-H., Portnoff, A. D., Patel, N., Massare, M. J., Yates, J. R., Nemazee, D., Paulson, J. C., Glenn, G., Smith, G., & Ward, A. B. (2020). Structural analysis of full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from an advanced vaccine candidate. BioRxiv, 2020.08.06.234674. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.06.234674

Ledford, H. (2020). What the immune response to COVID-19 says about the prospects for a vaccine. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02400-7

Manski, C. F. (2020). Bounding the Predictive Values of COVID-19 Antibody Tests (Working Paper No. 27226; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27226

Arora, Rahul K., Abel Joseph, Jordan Van Wyk, Simona Rocco, Austin Atmaja, Ewan May, Tingting Yan, et al. ‘SeroTracker: A Global SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Dashboard’. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 0, no. 0 (4 August 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30631-9.

Havers, F. P., Reed, C., Lim, T., Montgomery, J. M., Klena, J. D., Hall, A. J., Fry, A. M., Cannon, D. L., Chiang, C.-F., Gibbons, A., Krapiunaya, I., Morales-Betoulle, M., Roguski, K., Rasheed, M. A. U., Freeman, B., Lester, S., Mills, L., Carroll, D. S., Owen, S. M., … Thornburg, N. J. (2020). Seroprevalence of Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in 10 Sites in the United States, March 23-May 12, 2020. JAMA Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.4130

Mandavilli, A. (2020, July 22). Can You Get Covid-19 Again? It’s Very Unlikely, Experts Say. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/health/covid-antibodies-herd-immunity.html

Natalie E. Dean, PhD on Twitter: “Thanks, @MelissaKariWard, for capturing the since deleted tweets. This is why I expressed concern.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved August 2, 2020, from https://twitter.com/nataliexdean/status/1285033748283654146

Unterman, A., Sumida, T. S., Nouri, N., Yan, X., Zhao, A. Y., Gasque, V., Schupp, J. C., Asashima, H., Liu, Y., Cosme, C., Deng, W., Chen, M., Raredon, M. S. B., Hoehn, K., Wang, G., Wang, Z., Deiuliis, G., Ravindra, N. G., Li, N., … Cruz, C. S. D. (2020). Single-Cell Omics Reveals Dyssynchrony of the Innate and Adaptive Immune System in Progressive COVID-19. MedRxiv, 2020.07.16.20153437. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.16.20153437

Amanat, F., White, K. M., Miorin, L., Strohmeier, S., McMahon, M., Meade, P., Liu, W.-C., Albrecht, R. A., Simon, V., Martinez‐Sobrido, L., Moran, T., García‐Sastre, A., & Krammer, F. (2020). An In Vitro Microneutralization Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Serology and Drug Screening. Current Protocols in Microbiology, 58(1), e108. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpmc.108

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces robust, neutralizing antibody responses that are stable for at least three months | medRxiv. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 August 2020, from https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.14.20151126v1.article-metrics

Seow, J., Graham, C., Merrick, B., Acors, S., Steel, K. J. A., Hemmings, O., O’Bryne, A., Kouphou, N., Pickering, S., Galao, R., Betancor, G., Wilson, H. D., Signell, A. W., Winstone, H., Kerridge, C., Temperton, N., Snell, L., Bisnauthsing, K., Moore, A., … Doores, K. (2020). Longitudinal evaluation and decline of antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection. MedRxiv, 2020.07.09.20148429. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.09.20148429

CNN, B. Helen R., Steve George, Meg Wagner, Melissa Macaya, Mike Hayes and Veronica Rocha. (n.d.). July 13 coronavirus news. CNN. Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-07-13-20-intl/index.html

Studies show coronavirus antibodies may fade fast, raising questions about vaccines. (2020, July 17). SFChronicle.Com. https://www.sfchronicle.com/health/article/With-coronavirus-antibodies-fading-fast-focus-15414533.php

Seroprevalence and Black voices in healthcare—The Lancet Voice. (n.d.). Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https://www.buzzsprout.com/861868/4491443-seroprevalence-and-black-voices-in-healthcare

Beaumont, P. (2020, May 27). French tests show even mild coronavirus illness leads to antibodies. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/27/french-team-finds-mild-coronavirus-infection-does-lead-to-antibodies

Pollán, M., Pérez-Gómez, B., Pastor-Barriuso, R., Oteo, J., Hernán, M. A., Pérez-Olmeda, M., Sanmartín, J. L., Fernández-García, A., Cruz, I., Larrea, N. F. de, Molina, M., Rodríguez-Cabrera, F., Martín, M., Merino-Amador, P., Paniagua, J. L., Muñoz-Montalvo, J. F., Blanco, F., Yotti, R., Blanco, F., … Villa, A. V. de la. (2020). Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Spain (ENE-COVID): A nationwide, population-based seroepidemiological study. The Lancet, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31483-5

Fontanet, A., Grant, R., Tondeur, L., Madec, Y., Grzelak, L., Cailleau, I., Ungeheuer, M.-N., Renaudat, C., Pellerin, S. F., Kuhmel, L., Staropoli, I., Anna, F., Charneau, P., Demeret, C., Bruel, T., Schwartz, O., & Hoen, B. (2020). SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary schools in northern France: A retrospective cohort study in an area of high transmission. MedRxiv, 2020.06.25.20140178. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.25.20140178

Fontanet, A., Tondeur, L., Madec, Y., Grant, R., Besombes, C., Jolly, N., Pellerin, S. F., Ungeheuer, M.-N., Cailleau, I., Kuhmel, L., Temmam, S., Huon, C., Chen, K.-Y., Crescenzo, B., Munier, S., Demeret, C., Grzelak, L., Staropoli, I., Bruel, T., … Hoen, B. (2020). Cluster of COVID-19 in northern France: A retrospective closed cohort study. MedRxiv, 2020.04.18.20071134. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.18.20071134

Edridge, A. W., Kaczorowska, J. M., Hoste, A. C., Bakker, M., Klein, M., Jebbink, M. F., Matser, A., Kinsella, C., Rueda, P., Prins, M., Sastre, P., Deijs, M., & Hoek, L. van der. (2020). Coronavirus protective immunity is short-lasting. MedRxiv, 2020.05.11.20086439. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.11.20086439

Liu, T., Wu, S., Tao, H., Zeng, G., Zhou, F., Guo, F., & Wang, X. (2020). Prevalence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan—Implications for the ability to produce long-lasting protective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. MedRxiv, 2020.06.13.20130252. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.13.20130252

Long, Q.-X., Tang, X.-J., Shi, Q.-L., Li, Q., Deng, H.-J., Yuan, J., Hu, J.-L., Xu, W., Zhang, Y., Lv, F.-J., Su, K., Zhang, F., Gong, J., Wu, B., Liu, X.-M., Li, J.-J., Qiu, J.-F., Chen, J., & Huang, A.-L. (2020). Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Nature Medicine, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0965-6

Rosenberg, E. S., Tesoriero, J. M., Rosenthal, E. M., Chung, R., Barranco, M. A., Styer, L. M., Parker, M. M., John Leung, S.-Y., Morne, J. E., Greene, D., Holtgrave, D. R., Hoefer, D., Kumar, J., Udo, T., Hutton, B., & Zucker, H. A. (2020). Cumulative incidence and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in New York. Annals of Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.06.004

CDC says COVID-19 cases in U.S. may be 10 times higher than reported. (n.d.). NBC News. Retrieved June 26, 2020, from https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/cdc-says-covid-19-cases-u-s-may-be-10-n1232134

Interactive Heat Map - SARS-CoV-2 - Bloom Lab

Starr, T. N., Greaney, A. J., Hilton, S. K., Crawford, K. H., Navarro, M. J., Bowen, J. E., Tortorici, M. A., Walls, A. C., Veesler, D., & Bloom, J. D. (2020). Deep mutational scanning of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain reveals constraints on folding and ACE2 binding [Preprint]. Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.157982

Bloom Lab. (2020, June 18). "We've experimentally measured how all amino-acid mutations to the #SARSCoV2 spike RBD affect ACE2 binding and expression of folded protein in a deep mutational scanning study led by @tylernstarr & Allie Greaney:https://biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.17.157982v1 Why is this important? (1/n)" Twitter. https://twitter.com/jbloom_lab/status/1273468539484213248

Primer Weekly Briefing 01/05/20

Chen, C. (2020, April 28). What Antibody Studies Can Tell You—And More Importantly, What They Can’t. ProPublica. https://www.propublica.org/article/what-antibody-studies-can-tell-you-and-more-importantly-what-they-cant

Lee, S. M. (2020, April 22) Two Antibody Studies Say Coronavirus Infections Are More Common Than We Think. Scientists Are Mad. https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/stephaniemlee/coronavirus-antibody-test-santa-clara-los-angeles-stanford

Gutman, R. (2020, May 8). You’ll Probably Never Know If You Had the Coronavirus in January. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/05/us-coronavirus-cases-january/611305/

Robbiani, D. F., Gaebler, C., Muecksch, F., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Wang, Z., Cho, A., Agudelo, M., Barnes, C. O., Gazumyan, A., Finkin, S., Hagglof, T., Oliveira, T. Y., Viant, C., Hurley, A., Hoffmann, H.-H., Millard, K. G., Kost, R. G., Cipolla, M., Gordon, K., … Nussenzweig, M. C. (2020). Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Convalescent Individuals [Preprint]. Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.13.092619

Crotty, S. (2020, May 14). "Our new paper rapidly studied T cell + antibody immune responses in average COVID-19 cases. This is good news in multiple ways, including coronavirus vaccines. @ljiresearch cell.com/cell/fulltext/..." Twitter. https://twitter.com/profshanecrotty/status/1261052353773363200

WHO “Immunity passports” in the context of COVID-19. (2020 April 27). https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/immunity-passports-in-the-context-of-covid-19

Results released for antibody and COVID-19 testing of Boston residents. (2020, May 15). Boston.Gov. https://www.boston.gov/news/results-released-antibody-and-covid-19-testing-boston-residents

Meyer, A. C. M., Robinson. (2020, May 21). ‘How Could the CDC Make That Mistake?’ The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/05/cdc-and-states-are-misreporting-covid-19-test-data-pennsylvania-georgia-texas/611935/

Ahlander, J. & Pollard, N. (2020, May 20). Swedish antibody study shows long road to immunity as COVID-19 toll mounts. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-sweden-strategy-idUSKBN22W2YC

Devi Sridhar on Twitter: “Early serology results based on antibody testing: 5% for UK, 17% for London. From Matt Hancock, Health Secretary in today’s briefing. In line with what other countries have reported on their seroprevalence.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved May 31, 2020, from https://twitter.com/devisridhar/status/1263507332224475136

Goodman, J. D., & Rothfeld, M. (2020, April 23). 1 in 5 New Yorkers May Have Had Covid-19, Antibody Tests Suggest. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/23/nyregion/coronavirus-antibodies-test-ny.html

Vespignani, A., Tian, H., Dye, C. et al. Modelling COVID-19. Nat Rev Phys (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-020-0178-4

Larremore, Daniel B., Kate M. Bubar, and Yonatan H. Grad. Implications of test characteristics and population seroprevalence on ‘immune passport’ strategies (May 2020).https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/42664007

Wang, C., Li, W., Drabek, D. et al. A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 11, 2251 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16256-y

Kaplan, E. H., & Forman, H. P. (2020). Logistics of Aggressive Community Screening for Coronavirus 2019. JAMA Health Forum, 1(5), e200565–e200565. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2020.0565

Gray, N., Calleja, D., Wimbush, A., Miralles-Dolz, E., Gray, A., De-Angelis, M., Derrer-Merk, E., Oparaji, B. U., Stepanov, V., Clearkin, L., & Ferson, S. (2020). “No test is better than a bad test”: Impact of diagnostic uncertainty in mass testing on the spread of Covid-19 [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067884

Mullard, A. (2020). Flooded by the torrent: The COVID-19 drug pipeline. The Lancet, 395(10232), 1245–1246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30894-1

antibody modeling