Disease: Von Willebrand Disease (VWD)

Patient: 18 yo, Male, heterozygote

Variant: VWF NM_000552.5: c.5456_5842del p.(R1819_C1948delinsS)

Was not present in gnomAD when searched

Dominant negative effect

Phenotypes:

lower collagen-binding capacity

History of bleeding (epistaxis)

gum bleeding

cutaneous bruises

ADAMTS13 resistant

Family: Mother, father, sister are asymptomatic

Suggested as de novo, no picture found in patient's relative of the deletion, loss of A3 loop

Disease: platelet-type von Willebrand disease (PT-VWD)

Patient: 14 yo, Male

Variant: GP1BA NM_000173.7:c.389G>A p.(Arg127Gln), Heterozygous, Gain-of-Function (GOF)

Located in LRR5 domain of GP1BA

Family: Mother did not refer any bleeding symptoms (variant absent in mother) Father not available for collection of clinical history or platelet function testing

for - personal health - metabolic disease - insulin resistance caused by mitochondria dysfunction - interview - Dr. Robert Lustig - health - dangers of sugar in our diet

summary - Robert Lustig is a researcher and major proponent for educating the dangers of sugar as the root cause of the majority of preventable western disease - He explains how sugar and carbs are a major variable and root cause of a majority of these diseases - It is useful to look at these bodily dysfunctions from the perspective of Michael Levin, in which all these diseases of the body are problems with lower levels of the multi-scale competency architecture - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=michael+levin%2C+multi-scale+competency+architecture

for - health - heart - majority of hypertension and high blood pressure is caused by insulin resistance metabolic disease

for - health - heart - In most people, LDL occurs with metabolic disease, and that's the dangerous situation

for - problem with gene therapy - Very little association between genes and disease - very complex associations

for - chronic disease - usually chronic is not a good sign - too much of a good thing turns out to be bad - it means too much of something, like inflammation will cause harm - when inflammation knob is stuck on high, it becomes a problem

metaphor - inflammation and forest fire - If you are camping in the forest, a small fire keeps you warm and you can cook - Inflammation is like that small fire going out of control and burning the whole forest down

for - cancer without disease - microscopic cancer

definition - cancer without disease

• biologically we are actually all forming cancers in our body all the time
• because all it takes for our 40 trillion cells to do is
• to make those little mistakes
• I told you 10 000 mistakes are fixed every day
• A few of those sneaking through
• will turn into a microscopic tumor microscopic cancer
• and this is called cancer without disease
• because as tiny little mutant cancer can grow up to the size of the tip of a ballpoint pen
• and then it's frozen like a pimple can't go any bigger
• because it doesn't have
  • a blood supply
  • no oxygen
  • no food
  • nothing to feed it and so
• those little microscopic cancers sit there
• until another one of our defense systems our immune system wings by like a cop on a beat and sees this abnormal cell sitting on that street corner in a good neighborhood and then says
  • "get in the car we're taking you away"
• and so our immune system destroys these microscopic cancers
• but some microscopic cancers are able to hijack our body's regular angiogenesis defense system
• and selfishly grow blood vessels to feed themselves.

Avoid fructose so that bacteria consume xylitol.

.

.

.

Basically climate changes makes the leading cause of child deaths much worse

Optical Genome mapping can detect balanced structural variant as shown in previous studies. Fadaie Z, et al; 2021 amazingly identified an intragenic inverted duplication by OGM and Long read sequencing (Pacbio).

Structural variants, specifically CNVs (Copy Number Variants) contribute to more than 10% of undiagnosed IRD cases

Review coordinated by Life Science Editors.

Reviewed by: Dr. Angela Andersen, Life Science Editors

Potential Conflicts of Interest: Dr. Mill has worked with Life Science Editors on other manuscripts.

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of rare eye diseases that cause vision loss. Symptoms usually start in childhood, and most people eventually lose most of their sight. There is no cure for RP. Mutations in retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) cause RP and compromise the renewal of light-sensitive “disc” membranes (specialized cilia) at the outer segment of photoreceptors, resulting in the loss of these cells over time. Evidence suggests that disc formation is similar to the release of ectosomes (small extracellular vesicles) and that both rely on the actin cytoskeleton. Knockdown of RPGR in retinal pigmented epithelium cells showed stronger actin filaments and reduced cilia suggesting that it may regulate nascent photoreceptor disc formation by regulating actin-mediated membrane extension in the retina (Gakovic et al., Human Molecular Genetics, 2011). In addition, RPGR patient iPSC-retinal models displayed phenotypes consistent with abnormal actin regulation (Megaw et al., Nature Communications, 2017; Karam et al., J Personalized Medicine, 2022).

Question: What function of RPGR is compromised in photoreceptors to cause RP?

Advance: The authors generated novel Rpgr mutant mice harboring human disease-causing mutations that recapitulate human disease phenotypes: aborted membrane shedding as ectosome-like vesicles, photoreceptor death and visual loss. RPGR is located at the site of disc formation – to test if it plays a role in disc genesis, they engineered a novel reporter mouse to track outer segment turnover. Rhodopsin was tagged with the self-labelling peptide SNAP- Rhodopsin is the major protein component of outer segment discs, and so incubating RhodSNAP retinal slice cultures with SNAP fluorophores results in outer segment labelling. Perturbation of RPGR resulted in a slowed rate of disc formation, leading to shortened outer segments and increased vesicle shedding. To me, the breakthrough is in the last figure: the actin depolymerizing drug Cytochalasin D in PBS was injected intravitreally, and fixed retinas were analyzed 6 hours later by electron microscopy. Cytochalasin D treatment significantly reduced the number of shed vesicles from the base of the outer segment in Rpgr-mutant mice (they now look like wild-type).

Significance: Nails down the disease-relevant function of RPGR and a molecular mechanism of RP in photoreceptor cells, in vivo, in mice. Pharmacological rescue not only demonstrates the importance of the mechanism to disease but also sheds light on a potential therapeutic avenue for RP.

!- vegan and pescatarian diets : disease impacts - reduce by 88%

I came here after recalling a critique by Bessel van der Kolk's "The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma" regarding the disease model and it's negative impact on adequately helping people with trauma. van der Kolk's critique was similar to Marc Lewis' critique of the disease model as it applies to addiction from "The Biology of Desire: Why Addiction Is Not a Disease". This made me wonder what the term "disease" actually means and whether or not some general consensus existed within the medical community. This article suggests there is no such consensus.

This article is by Jackie Leach Scully who holds a "PhD in cellular pathology, University of Cambridge; BA (Hons) in biochemistry, University of Oxford; MA in psychoanalytic studies, Sheffield University".

Scully does several insightful things in this paper the following are the ones that were most salient to me upon the first read: - distinguishes "disease" from "disability" - contrasts the "social model" and "medical model" perspectives on "disability" - The "medical model" referred to here is probably what Lewis & van der Kolk are critiquing as the "disease model".<br /> - Are the "medical" and "disease" model different? - the social model seems to have arisen as a response to the inadequacy of the medical model

    - "The social model's fundamental criticism of the medical model is that it wrongly locates 'the problem' of disability in biological constraints, considering it only from the point of view of the individual and neglecting the social and systemic frameworks that contribute to it. The social model distinguishes between impairment (the biological substrate, such as impaired hearing) and the disabled experience. In this view the presence of impaired hearing is one thing, while the absence of subtitling on TV is quite another, and it is the refusal of society to make the necessary accommodations that is the real site of disability. A social model does not ignore biology, but contends that societal, economic and environmental factors are at least as important in producing disability."

• brings up a subtle point that there are two jumps "from gene to phenotype, and from phenotype to experience" and that some of the arguments mentioned "suggest that the 'harm' of the impairment is not straightforwardly related to phenotype. What ought to concern us about disease and disability is the disadvantage, pain or suffering involved, and in a sense the impairment is always a kind of surrogate marker for this experience."

Case#: pt I, 21 y/o male

DiseaseAssertion: GAMT deficiency

FamilyInfo:non-consangeous parents of Yemenite Jewish descent

CasePresentingHPOs: expressive speech was delayed, reduced strength and stamina, delayed general cognitive function

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs:N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

Biochemical analyte testing: abnormal CK and EMG results

Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS): appeared normal

GAMT activity assay: N/A

Zygosity: autosomal recessive

Variant 1: OMIM 612718

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

Case#: N/A

DiseaseAssertion: AGAT mutation

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

Biochemical analyte testing: N/A

Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS): N/A

GAMT activity assay: N/A

Zygosity: homozygous

Variant 1: OMIM 602360

ClinVarID: 8303

CAID: CA340769

gnomAD: N/A

Case#: N/A

DiseaseAssertion: AGAT mutation

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

Biochemical analyte testing: N/A

Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS): N/A

GAMT activity assay: N/A

Zygosity: homozygous

Variant 1: OMIM 602360

ClinVarID: 8303

CAID: CA340769

gnomAD: N/A

Case#: N/A

DiseaseAssertion: AGAT mutation

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

Biochemical analyte testing: N/A

Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS): N/A

GAMT activity assay: N/A

Zygosity: homozygous

Variant 1: OMIM 602360

ClinVarID: 8303

CAID: CA340769

gnomAD: N/A

A case of: Disease assertion: family information: case presenting:

One of the underlying commonalities about the various myths of poverty is that we tend to "other" those that it effects. The "them" we stigmatize with the ills of poverty really look more like "us", and in fact, they are.

Rather than victim shame and blame those in poverty, we ought to spend more of our time fixing the underlying disease instead of spending the time, effort, energy, and money on attempting to remedy the symptoms (eg. excessive policing, et al.) Not only is it more beneficial, but cheaper in the long run.

Related:<br /> Gladwell, Malcolm. “Million-Dollar Murray.” The New Yorker, February 5, 2006. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/02/13/million-dollar-murray (.pdf copy available at https://housingmatterssc.org/million-dollar-murray/)

Willis, O. (2021, October 19). The pandemic won’t end with a bang, but more likely a fizzle. Here’s how. ABC News. https://www.abc.net.au/news/health/2021-10-20/covid-19-pandemic-when-does-it-end-become-endemic-like-flu/100549816

https://twitter.com/GYamey/status/1453132196416524292?s=20&t=REKS2qu5Ti7lby2jmu6Imw

Regev-Yochay, G., Gonen, T., Gilboa, M., Mandelboim, M., Indenbaum, V., Amit, S., Meltzer, L., Asraf, K., Cohen, C., Fluss, R., Biber, A., Nemet, I., Kliker, L., Joseph, G., Doolman, R., Mendelson, E., Freedman, L. S., Harats, D., Kreiss, Y., & Lustig, Y. (2022). 4th Dose COVID mRNA Vaccines’ Immunogenicity & Efficacy Against Omicron VOC (p. 2022.02.15.22270948). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.15.22270948

Bays, D., Whiteley, T., Pindar, M., Taylor, J., Walker, B., Williams, H., Finnie, T. J. R., & Gent, N. (2021). Mitigating isolation: The use of rapid antigen testing to reduce the impact of self-isolation periods (p. 2021.12.23.21268326). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.23.21268326

Hamblin, J. (2021, December 9). Perspective | Omicron won’t keep us from ending the pandemic. We’re doing that ourselves. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/12/09/omicron-coronavirus-individual-threat/

Huang, P. (2021, April 1). How The CDC Is Battling The Pandemic And Working To Regain Public Trust: Shots—Health News: NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/04/01/982761755/inside-the-cdcs-battle-to-defeat-the-virus?utm_campaign=storyshare&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_medium=social

Perspective | Even the best-case scenario with omicron will still be bad. (n.d.). Washington Post. Retrieved December 23, 2021, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/12/21/omicron-mild-cases-numbers/

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: "RT @vmcorman: “...With nearly 5 million children ages 5 to 11 now vaccinated against COVID-19, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention D…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved December 13, 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1470066664301637632

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “RT @acweyand: Kids account for <0.2% of cancer deaths in US Kids account for <0.2% of heart disease deaths in US Kids account for <0.3% of…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1483869918332432388

gene name: DICER 1 PMID (PubMed ID): 33570641 HGNCID: n/a Inheritance Pattern: autosomal dominant Disease Entity: benign and malignant tumor mutation Mutation: somatic Zygosity: heterozygous Variant: n/a Family Information: n/a Case: people of all sexes, ages, ethnicities and races participated CasePresentingHPOs: individuals with DICER1-associated tumors or pathogenic germline DICER1 variants were recruited to participate CasePreviousTesting: n/a gnomAD: n/a

DICER1 is the gene name. PubMed ID, HGCNCID, and Variant: I can't find Inheritance Pattern: autosomal-dominant The disease entity: DICER1 syndrome The type of mutation: germline. Zygosity: not known. Family Information: a family was used, DICER1 carriers, and non DICER1 variant used, some of the family members had tumors from DICER1 Case Information: mean age is 34, the range of age is 18.6 to 43 years, male, and female used, ethnicity can't find Case Presenting HPO: cancer testing, chemotherapy, radiotherapy gnomeAD: 9.2,8.3.2 Mutation type: Pleiotropic, loss of function, missense

HGNCID:

Gene Name:DICER1 PMID: 30715996 HGNCID: Not on document Inheritance Pattern: Autosomal Dominant Disease Entity: Pleiotropic Tumor-Predisposition Disorder Mutation: Pathogenic Germline Variants Zygosity: Not in document Variant: Not in document Family Information: An individual was found who had family members who were also affected by this mutation. Because of this, those family members were also chosen to participate in this study. Mutation Type: Missense Case: The study was done on more than one individual. Roughly more than half of the individuals were female

Mathew, D., Giles, J. R., Baxter, A. E., Oldridge, D. A., Greenplate, A. R., Wu, J. E., Alanio, C., Kuri-Cervantes, L., Pampena, M. B., D’Andrea, K., Manne, S., Chen, Z., Huang, Y. J., Reilly, J. P., Weisman, A. R., Ittner, C. A. G., Kuthuru, O., Dougherty, J., Nzingha, K., … Wherry, E. J. (2020). Deep immune profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals distinct immunotypes with therapeutic implications. Science, 369(6508), eabc8511. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc8511

Taylor, S. (2021). The Psychology of Pandemics. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-072720-020131

Dr. Deepti Gurdasani. (2022, January 24). When did 4.5% of children in any age group being infected every wk become ok for any disease? [Tweet]. @dgurdasani1. https://twitter.com/dgurdasani1/status/1485670994320793602

Freja Kirsebom. (2022, January 28). Two important updates from our team this week: - Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic disease after Omicron BA.2 shows that VE remains unchanged—VE against death after Omicron BA.1 shows VE is 95% at 2+ weeks after booster 1/7 Full report https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050721/Vaccine-surveillance-report-week-4.pdf [Tweet]. @freja_kirsebom. https://twitter.com/freja_kirsebom/status/1486730977464369160

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices- ACIP. (n.d.). Retrieved April 27, 2022, from https://video.ibm.com/channel/VWBXKBR8af4

Lindsley, W. G. (2021). Efficacy of Portable Air Cleaners and Masking for Reducing Indoor Exposure to Simulated Exhaled SARS-CoV-2 Aerosols—United States, 2021. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7027e1

GeneName:DICER1 PMID (PubMed ID): PMCID: PMC6418698 PMID: 30672147 HGNCID: NOT LISTED<br /> Inheritance Pattern: Autosomal Dominant Disease Entity: Cancer; benign and malignant tumors including pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, multinodular goiter, Thryoid cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, and pineoblastoma. Mutation: Somatic missense variation Mutation type: missense Zygosity: None stated Variant: unregistered…. Family Information: Characterize germline variants in familial early-onset clorectal cancer patients; The observation of germline DICER1 variation with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma merits additional investigation. CasePresentingHPOs: uterine and rectal cancers in germline mutation

Prof Francois Balloux [@BallouxFrancois]. (2021, December 9). This may have sounded somewhat naïve in early 2020, but by now, I would have expected that anyone with an interest in covid-19 might have acquired some basic notions in infectious disease epidemiology. 1/ [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/BallouxFrancois/status/1469063480334561285

Levine-Tiefenbrun, M., Yelin, I., Alapi, H., Katz, R., Herzel, E., Kuint, J., Chodick, G., Gazit, S., Patalon, T., & Kishony, R. (2021). Viral loads of Delta-variant SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections after vaccination and booster with BNT162b2. Nature Medicine, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01575-4

Morris, J. (2021, August 17). Israeli data: How can efficacy vs. severe disease be strong when 60% of hospitalized are vaccinated? Covid Data Science. https://www.covid-datascience.com/post/israeli-data-how-can-efficacy-vs-severe-disease-be-strong-when-60-of-hospitalized-are-vaccinated

Carl T. Bergstrom. (2021, August 18). 1. There has been lots of talk about recent data from Israel that seem to suggest a decline in vaccine efficacy against severe disease due to Delta, waning protection, or both. This may have even been a motivation for Biden’s announcement that the US would be adopting boosters. [Tweet]. @CT_Bergstrom. https://twitter.com/CT_Bergstrom/status/1427767356600688646

Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19. (2021, February 17). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid19/excess_deaths.htm

Dr Greg Kelly. (2021, July 2). As a pediatrician I’m going on record saying that allowing kids to be freely infected with a novel disease that has unknown long term consequences is the worst idea of 2021 despite being a pretty crowded field so far #COVID19 [Tweet]. @drgregkelly. https://twitter.com/drgregkelly/status/1411083905034117120

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, January 29). RT @IndependentSage: 3.7 million infected with #COVID19 in the UK. An estimated 5-10% will develop #LongCovid. We can’t afford to ignore th… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1355097550529945607

Callaway, E. (2021). Heavily mutated Omicron variant puts scientists on alert. Nature, 600(7887), 21–21. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03552-w

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Study finds brain changes similarly to Alzheimer’s after COVID-19. (n.d.). The Jerusalem Post | JPost.Com. Retrieved March 31, 2022, from https://www.jpost.com/health-and-wellness/coronavirus/article-696565

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Dr. Deepti Gurdasani. (2022, March 1). New study out yesterday suggesting that vaccine efficacy with current dose for 5-11 yr olds likely wanes quickly. Especially against infection, but also against hospitalisation, although protection against severe disease is higher. Seems to be closely linked to vaccine dose🧵 https://t.co/NojLODF1ED [Tweet]. @dgurdasani1. https://twitter.com/dgurdasani1/status/1498580243665367040

Lehnen, N., Glasauer, S., Schröder, L., Regnath, F., Biersack, K., Bergh, O. V. den, & Werder, D. von. (2022). Post-COVID symptoms in the absence of organic deficit—Lessons from diseases we know. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yqar2

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘this really is now a disinformation account. I retweeted posts earlier in the pandemic as part of a balanced spread of opinion. But this will be the last one...’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 29 March 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1478485258395951108

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ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 20). @OmicronData @timcolbourn I think there might be a difference here between what you are putting forward and what @timcolbourn is arguing any rational individual should be for analysing the expected costs and benefits of a course of action, and I assume we all agree on that. 1/2 [Tweet]. @i. https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1484080972459134976

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘@STWorg @ProfColinDavis @rpancost @chrisdc77 @syrpis this is the most in depth treatment of the impact of equalities law on pandemic policy that I’ve been able to find- it would seem to underscore that there is a legal need for impact assessments that ask (some) of these questions https://t.co/auiApVC0TW’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 22 March 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1485927221449613314

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Kourtesis, Panagiotis, Graham Wilson, and Mario Parra Rodrigues. ‘Factors Influencing Acceptance of Technology across Age: Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic’. PsyArXiv, 4 February 2022. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tsrk4.

France-Presse, A. (2022, March 13). China battles worst Covid outbreak for two years as cases double in 24 hours. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/13/china-battles-worst-covid-outbreak-for-two-years-as-cases-double-in-24-hours

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Tseng, H. F., Ackerson, B. K., Luo, Y., Sy, L. S., Talarico, C. A., Tian, Y., Bruxvoort, K. J., Tubert, J. E., Florea, A., Ku, J. H., Lee, G. S., Choi, S. K., Takhar, H. S., Aragones, M., & Qian, L. (2022). Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants. Nature Medicine, 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01753-y

Auger, K. A., Shah, S. S., Richardson, T., Hartley, D., Hall, M., Warniment, A., Timmons, K., Bosse, D., Ferris, S. A., Brady, P. W., Schondelmeyer, A. C., & Thomson, J. E. (2020). Association Between Statewide School Closure and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in the US. JAMA, 324(9), 859–870. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.14348

Deepti Gurdasani. (2022, January 10). Lots of people dismissing links between COVID-19 and all-cause diabetes. An association that’s been shown in multiple studies- whether this increase is due to more diabetes or SARS2 precipitating diabetic keto-acidosis allowing these to be diagnosed is not known. A brief look👇 [Tweet]. @dgurdasani1. https://twitter.com/dgurdasani1/status/1480546865812840450

Deepti Gurdasani. (2022, February 8). Exactly this 👇 We never talk about the huge benefits mitigations have had in reducing other respiratory illnesses... Which means deaths from other causes have reduced. Excess deaths are not a good indicator of COVID-19 deaths—Which we should be doing a lot more to prevent! [Tweet]. @dgurdasani1. https://twitter.com/dgurdasani1/status/1491123632349024256

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 20). @timcolbourn @OmicronData I’m sorry but I genuinely do not see how this is a response to what I said about the presuppositions in the ‘delay framing’? This reply is about your views on disease burden, not -as mine is- how choice of terminology implicitly shapes the argument space [Tweet]. @i. https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1484191657318879234

World Health Organization (WHO) on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 13 February 2022, from https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1485554889900142599

COVID-19 takes serious toll on heart health—A full year after recovery. (n.d.). Retrieved February 11, 2022, from https://www.science.org/content/article/covid-19-takes-serious-toll-heart-health-full-year-after-recovery

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 20). @timcolbourn @OmicronData As I said before, it’s not the function of this account to argue/advocate covid policies, but I will comment on the shape of the argument. The use of the frame “just delay” here seems hugely prejudicial. We don’t talk that way about flu or other diseases we might get repeatedly [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1484074977964011520

Mahase, E. (2022). Omicron sub-lineage BA.2 may have “substantial growth advantage,” UKHSA reports. BMJ, 376, o263. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o263

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “RT @AliHMokdad: Vaccine effectiveness against BA.1 and BA.2. After 2 doses it was 9% (7-10%) and 13% (-26-40%) respectively for BA.1 and BA…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1487123660771106821

French, G. (2021). Impact of Hospital Strain on Excess Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic—United States, July 2020–July 2021. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7046a5

James 💙 Neill - 😷 🇪🇺🇮🇪🇬🇧🔶. (2022, January 23). Of 51,141 deaths due to ischaemic heart diseases 32,872 (64.3%) had pre-existing conditions.💔 Do those 33k heart disease deaths not count? Or is an absence of pre-existing conditions only required for Covid deaths...😡⁉️ Source: ONS England 2019 [Tweet]. @jneill. https://twitter.com/jneill/status/1485327886164844546

Helder Nakaya. (2022, January 14). 75 years of research on human diseases in 1 minute https://t.co/1QtdijRTtJ [Tweet]. @helder_nakaya. https://twitter.com/helder_nakaya/status/1482095277813157888

Nash, D. (n.d.). The CDC Got Lost Trying to Follow the Science. Retrieved January 14, 2022, from https://www.barrons.com/articles/cdc-guidance-covid-isolation-pandemic-51641847943

•. (n.d.). Even Mild COVID Infections Can Have Lasting Impacts Like ‘Chemo Brain,’ Study Finds. NBC New York. Retrieved 12 January 2022, from https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/coronavirus/even-mild-covid-infections-can-have-lasting-impacts-like-chemo-brain-study-finds/3489958/