Benjamin Franklin manufactured the first recorded abortion debate in America to help sell his newspapers and to crush a rival.

Sir Karam Bales ✊ 🇺🇦 [@karamballes]. (2021, July 25). Have wondered about Ladhani for a while. Interesting to note he’s retweeting links to UsForThem and T4recovery https://t.co/PedcJJIr3P [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/karamballes/status/1419324738694959105

Nerd, G. M.-K. H. (2021, December 22). Of Course Unvaccinated People Should Get Medical Care. Medium. https://gidmk.medium.com/of-course-unvaccinated-people-should-get-medical-care-34b26ae7eaa4

Health Nerd. (2021, August 29). Fascinating stuff, a whole thread of people saying weird shit about me (and a poem that I’ve said many times was idiotic in hindsight) [Tweet]. @GidMK. https://twitter.com/GidMK/status/1431828103416877058

Brianna Wu. (2021, June 5). MRNA is unbelievably fragile. The enzymes that degrade it are literally everywhere. That’s why they had to develop specialized lipid nanoparticles to deliver it. It would last two seconds in a sewer system. Also, it gets separated from the delivery system after it’s injected. Https://t.co/35dZ6r6UAq [Tweet]. @BriannaWu. https://twitter.com/BriannaWu/status/1400998163968933888

James Heathers. (2021, October 26). Perish the thought I would be as peremptory as @GidMK. No, I’m going to hector, mock, or annoy those replies, THEN ask for money, THEN block you when I get bored. See, these aren’t rebuttals. No-one’s said anything about the actual work. Nothing. Not a sausage. [Tweet]. @jamesheathers. https://twitter.com/jamesheathers/status/1452980059497762824

Mullins, M. (2021, November 1). Opinion: The Problem with Preprints. The Scientist Magazine®. https://www.the-scientist.com/critic-at-large/opinion-the-problem-with-preprints-69309

Gregg Gonsalves. (2022, January 30). Once again ⁦@DouthatNYT⁩ misframes a debate for his own partisan goals. 1/ https://t.co/Hi7r4HcoAl [Tweet]. @gregggonsalves. https://twitter.com/gregggonsalves/status/1487772523420954625

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘surprising how the logic of argument around C19 has not updated to the fact that reinfection is a big thing, as are new variants. Delay = a round of infection you never got...’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 13 February 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1483716840316706824

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 20). @timcolbourn @OmicronData I’m sorry but I genuinely do not see how this is a response to what I said about the presuppositions in the ‘delay framing’? This reply is about your views on disease burden, not -as mine is- how choice of terminology implicitly shapes the argument space [Tweet]. @i. https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1484191657318879234

Argument quality and fallacies. (n.d.). HackMD. Retrieved January 17, 2022, from https://hackmd.io/@scibehC19vax/argumentquality

The forms of rational, skeptical, empirical and conversational forms of debate popularized by the Enlightenment which saw the rejection of arbitrary authority were influenced by the Haudenosaunee nations of Americans.

Interesting to see the reflexive political fallout of this reoccurring with the political right in America beginning in the early 2000s through the 2020s. It's almost as if the Republican party and religious right never experienced the Enlightenment and are still living in the 1700s.

Curious that in modern culture I think of the Jesuits as the embodiment of rationalist, skeptical argumentation and thought now. Apparently they were dramatically transformed since that time.

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @SciCommPSU: Today at 4! “COVID-19 Vaccines: Science versus Anti-Science” with @PeterHotez. Presented by @huckinstitutes https://t.co…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 14 January 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1450591196653314051

Sabina Vohra-Miller. (2022, January 7). The ’with’ or ‘because of’ Covid hospitalization argument is intentionally politicizing data. Https://t.co/oXcCQoFcZw [Tweet]. @SabiVM. https://twitter.com/SabiVM/status/1479591658845052929

Timothy Caulfield. (2021, December 30). #RobertMalone suspended by #twitter today. Reaction: 1) Great news. He has been spreading harmful #misinformation. (He has NOT contributed to meaningful/constructive scientific debate. His views demonstrably wrong & polarizing.) 2) What took so long? #ScienceUpFirst [Tweet]. @CaulfieldTim. https://twitter.com/CaulfieldTim/status/1476346919890796545

Dolgin, E. (2021). Omicron is supercharging the COVID vaccine booster debate. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03592-2

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, November 2). The current JCVI minutes debate clearly illustrates the problems with Twitter and scientific debate: Meaning glossed, hedges and distinctions left behind, claims about arguments conflated with claims about people, paving the way to ramped up, emotive soundbites and claims. 1/7 [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1455458854637117440

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, November 1). 2/2 from the paper ‘We speculate that the extraordinarily high antibody titers observed in vaccinated individuals who develop breakthrough infections may lead to subsequent long-term protection in those individuals.’ [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1455104597454954497

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, October 27). I must confess I do not understand these arguments. Testing would not cause anxiety if it weren’t discovering lots of cases [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1453323966093873152

Dance, A. (2021). The shifting sands of ‘gain-of-function’ research. Nature, 598(7882), 554–557. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02903-x

Politics derails debate on immunity you get after recovering from Covid-19. (2021, October 19). STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2021/10/19/politics-is-derailing-a-crucial-debate-over-the-immunity-you-get-from-recovering-from-covid-19/

Kulldorff, M. (2021, October 12). Covid, lockdown and the retreat of scientific debate | The Spectator. https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/covid-lockdown-and-the-retreat-of-scientific-debate

People with weak immune systems may need COVID booster shots: Infectious disease expert. (n.d.). Fox Business. Retrieved 17 September 2021, from http://video.foxbusiness.com/v/6272871561001/

Editor, L. J., Health. (2021, August 22). Hundreds of doctors sign open letter to PM: Need debate on “flawed covid guesses.” Express.Co.Uk. https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/1480245/coronavirus-news-doctors-sign-letter-boris-johnson

Pilditch, T. (2021). Why scientific evidence is no longer enough in public debate [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/98v2n

‘Analysis | People Are More Anti-Vaccine If They Get Their Covid News from Facebook than from Fox News, Data Shows’. Washington Post. Accessed 4 August 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/07/27/people-are-more-anti-vaccine-if-they-get-their-covid-19-news-facebook-rather-than-fox-news-new-data-shows/.

We’ve analyzed thousands of COVID-19 misinformation narratives. Here are six regional takeaways—Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. (n.d.). Retrieved August 1, 2021, from https://thebulletin.org/2021/06/weve-analyzed-thousands-of-covid-19-misinformation-narratives-here-are-six-regional-takeaways/

CovidCallOut on Twitter: “Vaccines work or they don’t…. If they do…. Opening up… let them do there job… If they don’t…. You have to return to normality at some stage… Otherwise then what… restrictions on who you see, what you do and where you go until when…. Forever.. It’s one or the other…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved July 18, 2021, from https://twitter.com/Covid_CallOut/status/1416078635266609152

Maxmen, A. (2021). Divisive COVID ‘lab leak’ debate prompts dire warnings from researchers. Nature, 594(7861), 15–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01383-3

García-Fiñana, M., & Buchan, I. E. (2021). Rapid antigen testing in COVID-19 responses. Science, 372(6542), 571–572. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abi6680

Robert Saunders on Twitter. (2020). Twitter. Retrieved 1 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/redhistorian/status/1326802784168124416

Ira, still wearing a mask, Hyman. (2020, November 26). @SciBeh @Quayle @STWorg @jayvanbavel @UlliEcker @philipplenz6 @AnaSKozyreva @johnfocook Some might argue the moral dilemma is between choosing what is seen as good for society (limiting spread of disinformation that harms people) and allowing people freedom of choice to say and see what they want. I’m on the side of making good for society decisions. [Tweet]. @ira_hyman. https://twitter.com/ira_hyman/status/1331992594130235393

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘@timcolbourn alongside dubious relationships with parties that in other contexts would require declarations of interest or that have independent hallmarks of being bad faith actors’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 3 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1351197722104258560

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 19 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1356525692700291072

Broniatowski, D. A., Jamison, A. M., Qi, S., AlKulaib, L., Chen, T., Benton, A., Quinn, S. C., & Dredze, M. (2018). Weaponized Health Communication: Twitter Bots and Russian Trolls Amplify the Vaccine Debate. American Journal of Public Health, 108(10), 1378–1384. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304567

Moros, María José Sierra, Susana Monge, Berta Suarez Rodríguez, Lucía García San Miguel, and Fernando Simón Soria. ‘COVID-19 in Spain: View from the Eye of the Storm’. The Lancet Public Health 6, no. 1 (1 January 2021): e10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30286-3.

Humphrys, J. (2021, January 22). JOHN HUMPHRYS: Let’s not kid ourselves - NHS puts price on ALL lives. Mail Online. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-9178171/JOHN-HUMPHRYS-Lets-not-kid-NHS-puts-price-lives.html

Experts unconvinced by Lord Sumption’s lockdown ethics. (2021, January 19). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/law/2021/jan/19/less-valuable-experts-unconvinced-by-lord-sumptions-lockdown-ethics

Ivor Cummins @FatEmperor (2020) Here you go, debunking debunked - though I'm not wasting any more of my time on this twaddle! Twitter. Retrieved from: https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1306270671887101954

David Rothschild on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved October 17, 2020, from https://twitter.com/DavMicRot/status/1316429651988877312

Feldman, J. (2020, October 11). The “herd immunity strategy” isn’t part of a scientific debate about COVID-19. Medium. https://medium.com/@jmfeldman/the-herd-immunity-strategy-isnt-part-of-a-scientific-debate-about-covid-19-abddf6bc7c13

James O’Brien on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved August 30, 2020, from https://twitter.com/mrjamesob/status/1299248453416083456

Barnes, B. (2020, July 8). Disney World Draws Excitement and Incredulity as Reopening Nears. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/business/coronavirus-disney-world-reopening.html

Ecker, U. K. H., Butler, L. H., Cook, J., Hurlstone, M. J., Kurz, T., & Lewandowsky, S. (2020). Using the COVID-19 economic crisis to frame climate change as a secondary issue reduces mitigation support. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 101464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101464

Project background – Critical Analysis Project. (n.d.). Retrieved July 10, 2020, from http://critical-analysis.org/project-background/

Bex, F., Lawrence. J., Snaith. M., Reed. C., (2013) implementing the Argument Web. Communications of the ACM. (56). (10). Retrieved from chrome-extension://bjfhmglciegochdpefhhlphglcehbmek/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=http%3A%2F%2Farg-tech.org%2Fpeople%2Fchris%2Fpublications%2F2013%2FbexCACM.pdf

Esta idea está relacionada con la referencia a la novela Hyperión, la inteligencia artificial que determinó que para seguir evolucionando necesitaba un par que lo confrontara en debate.

Sebastian Walsh: We are asking the wrong questions about easing lockdown. (2020, June 2). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/06/02/sebastian-walsh-we-are-asking-the-wrong-questions-about-easing-lockdown/

Forskare: ”Se upp med komplexa coronamodeller – de kan överträffa verkligheten”. (2020 April 24). Ny Teknik. https://www.nyteknik.se/opinion/forskare-se-upp-med-komplexa-coronamodeller-de-kan-overtraffa-verkligheten-6994339

Social Media & Well-being. (n.d.). Retrieved May 13, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YSV8GT7y3_E&feature=youtu.be

This one is a pretty bold statement to make, in general.

Mike Johansson, at Rochester Institute of Technology, makes the case that curiosity is the key to enabling both Creative and Critical Thinking for better problem solving, in general.

What are some of your ideas?

This one is an interesting phrasing -- there's a lot of debate going on about IQ being an outdated metric already.

For example, N. Taleb is very vocal that IQ simply does not make sense in today's society.

What do you think? Is IQ overrated?

Hopefully this suggestion will be accepted in the spirit it is offered (gently!) and if acted upon, would not lengthen the intro too much, but rather help clarify the "anticipatory set" of the reading. Although the first sentence is quite accurate, as someone who has been doing extensive reading on the 2nd Amendment lately, I had to re - read this to be sure I understood the assertion. Bouncing back & forth from references to 1) gun control advocates 2) individual rights to gun ownership and back to 3) reference to a well regulated militia is likely to confuse H.S. readers who may have little interest or grasp of the ideas.

Suggest: First of all - since it is so brief, it might be useful to actually provide the complete wording of Amendment Two. (Perhaps above the green "About this text" box.)

Secondly - a note suggesting that gun control advocates tend to focus upon the "militia" clause while gun owner rights advocates often prefer to focus on the second clause re: right to own.

Thirdly - a (brief) suggestion that the two sides do not even agree upon what constitutes a "militia" and that the context and historical evidence for each side's arguments are lengthy and complex.

The second sentence beginning " In the excerpt below, is critical to help set the context of the reading, however, there seems to be room to minimize the verbiage without losing meaning.

Analysis of Trump's claim that the election is rigged.

On-going debate

Jon Udell on productive social discourse.

changeable minds<br> What’s something you believed deeply, for a long time, and then changed your mind about?

David Gray's Liminal Thinking points out that we all have beliefs that are built on hidden foundations. We need to carefully examine our own beliefs and their origins. And we need to avoid judgment as we consider the beliefs of others and their origins.

Wael Ghonim asks us to design social media that encourages civility, thoughtfulness, and open minds rather than self-promotion, click-bait, and echo chambers.

Maybe annotation could put "tweet" sized things into context and thereby avoid the "argument machine."

Rashly assuming anyone will actually take time to read the context and the comment...

The debate in intellectual property law has centered around utilitarian policy theory and a rights-based non-utilitarian property theory.

Mais qu'est-ce que ça veut dire, au juste?

Interesting

Socrates is willing to accept when he is wrong, he just wants to understand what Gorgias is saying. He thinks Gorgias is inconsistent and wants clarity.

What might Socrates be doing here?