This passage is related to chapter 2's correlation vs. causation. testosterone and a behavior can be related but it doesn't mean that testosterone caused the behavior. The author points out that the relationship can work in both directions.

I found this interesting because it makes a good point. In America, people tend to say the female sex qualifications involve the identification of breasts. However, young adolescents do not have breasts until puberty, and even then, breasts don't always form for all females. Does that make them less female for lacking a certain quality that ties them to their sex?

这里混淆了相关性与因果性。AI检测的漏洞确实可能不是秘密的，但这并不直接说明在私人列表上处理它们就是浪费时间。因果关系需要更严谨的论证，例如提供数据表明私人列表处理确实导致了更多重复或延误。

这一论断存在逻辑漏洞，作者声称安全措施越强，技术越有效，但没有解释为什么更多的安全措施会导致更大的漏洞。这可能是混淆相关性与因果性的例子。更严谨的做法是提供具体案例研究或实验数据，展示不同安全级别下该技术的成功率变化，而不是做出未经证实的断言。

作者将FDE招聘激增与JV联系起来，但未提供两者之间的直接证据或因果关系分析。仅凭时间相关性不足以证明因果关系，可能存在其他因素影响FDE招聘趋势，如整体AI行业需求增长、市场人才结构变化等。这种关联性推断需要更多数据支持和因果分析。

https://blogs.baylor.edu/19crs/2017/06/28/textual-revisions-and-constructed-narratives-in-elizabeth-barretts-the-cry-of-the-children/#:~:text=The%20first%20published%20version%20of%20Elizabeth%20Barrett,of%20signs%20of%20human%20or%20divine%20mercy**

This article has photos of the book, the poem, and images from the survey of children working in mines relating to "Cry of The Children".

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/YdWLxoHYR1E

This video shows how close, cramp, and claustrophobic the mines would be. Also, the ground is sometimes lined with rails, other times consists purely of mud and even imbedded with large rocks. This little clip is an attempt to let the readers see the harsh conditions the children working in mines had to deal with daily.

Elizabeth Browning was friends and frequent correspondent with Richard Hengist Horne. RH Horne was the assistant commissioner to an inquiry that reported the "Physical & Moral Conditions of the Children and Young Persons Employed in Mines and Manufacture." The horrific conditions that Horne related to EBB spurred her to write "Cry of the Children" (Robertson).

for - comparison - causation - engineer vs philosopher - Michael Levin

for - causation - Michael Levin

for - comparison - mental vs physical causation - adjacency - Michael Levin's definition of intelligence - Sheldrake's mental vs physical causation

key insight - comparison - mental vs physical causation - mental causation works from virtual futures to past - physical causation works from past to future - this is an interesting way of seeing things

adjacency - between - direction of mental vs physical causation - Michael Levin's definition of intelligence (adopting WIlliam James's idea) and cognition and cognitive light cones of living organisms:: - having a goal - having autonomy and agency to reach that goal - adjacency statement - Levin adopts a definition of cognition from scientific predecessors that relate to goal activity. - When an organism chooses one specific behavioral trajectory over all other possible ones in order to reach a goal - this is none other than choosing a virtual future that projects back to the present - In our species, innovation and design is based on this future-to-present backwards projection

I believe that correlation and causation does not pertain to this argument, nor can I think of a way this particular argument would benifit.

This is a correlative argument by saying the increase of money in the broken system will cause it to become even more corrupt. A little bit further down, it talks about body cams and how with access to do that officers are able to change the footage to their liking.

Argument quality and fallacies. (n.d.). HackMD. Retrieved January 17, 2022, from https://hackmd.io/@scibehC19vax/argumentquality

EU drug agency denies already finding causal link between AstraZeneca vaccine and blood clots. (2021, April 6). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/06/ema-denies-already-finding-causal-link-astrazeneca-vaccine-blood-clots

Adams, R. C., Sumner, P., Vivian-Griffiths, S., Barrington, A., Williams, A., Boivin, J., Chambers, C. D., & Bott, L. (2017). How readers understand causal and correlational expressions used in news headlines. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 23(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000100

Califf, Robert M., Adrian F. Hernandez, and Martin Landray. ‘Weighing the Benefits and Risks of Proliferating Observational Treatment Assessments: Observational Cacophony, Randomized Harmony’. JAMA 324, no. 7 (18 August 2020): 625–26. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.13319.