54 Matching Annotations
  1. Dec 2022
    1. In 1988, when polio was endemic in 125 countries, the annual assembly of national health ministers, meeting in Geneva, declared their intent to eradicate polio by 2000. That target was missed, but a $3 billion campaign had it contained in six countries by early 2003.
    1. The polio-vaccine conspiracy theory has had direct consequences: Sixteen countries where polio had been eradicated have in recent months reported outbreaks of the disease – twelve in Africa (Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Sudan, and Togo) and four in Asia (India, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen). Yemen has had the largest polio outbreak, with more than 83 cases since April. The WHO calls this "a major epidemic."
    1. History of Anti-Vaccination Movements
      • What do Vaccines do?
      • How are Vaccines Made?
      • Ethical Issues and Vaccines
      • Misconceptions about Vaccines
      • Debunked: The Polio Vaccine and HIV Link
      • History of Anti-Vaccination Movements
      • The Future of Immunization
      • Careers in Vaccine Research
      • General Vaccine Timeline
    1. Aim: This study aimed to investigate how exposure to online misinformation around COVID-19 vaccines affects intention to vaccinate in the UK and US.

      Method: Participants were shown images of misinformation related to COVID-19.

      Findings: The researchers found that exposure to misinformation led to a decline in intention to vaccinate of approximately 6 percentage points among those who previously said they would definitely accept a vaccine. They also found that some groups were affected more than others by exposure to misinformation, and scientific-sounding misinformation was also more strongly associated with declines in vaccination intent. These findings have important implications for informing the design of vaccination campaigns and combatting online misinformation.

      Reference: Loomba, S., de Figueiredo, A., Piatek, S.J. et al. Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat Hum Behav 5, 337–348 (2021)

    1. Surveys of nearly 2,500 Americans, conducted during a measles outbreak, suggest that users oftraditional media are less likely to be misinformed about vaccines than are users of social media. Resultsalso suggest that an individual’s level of trust in medical experts affects the likelihood that a person’sbeliefs about vaccination will change
    1. Beliefs in the autism/vaccines link and in vaccines side effects, along with intention to vaccinate a future child, were evaluated both immediately after the correction intervention and after a 7-day delay to reveal possible backfire effects. Results show that existing strategies to correct vaccine misinformation are ineffective and often backfire, resulting in the unintended opposite effect, reinforcing ill-founded beliefs about vaccination and reducing intentions to vaccinate. The implications for research on vaccines misinformation and recommendations for progress are discussed.
  2. Aug 2022
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  22. Feb 2020
    1. The WHO on Sunday warned that the coronavirus is spreading not only disease, but also rumors, myths and misinformation.“The 2019-nCoV outbreak and response has been accompanied by a massive ‘infodemic’ — an over-abundance of information — some accurate and some not — that makes it hard for people to find trustworthy sources and reliable guidance when they need it,” the WHO wrote.