Scientists must work across large volumes of literature, specialized databases, experimental data, and evolving hypotheses in order to generate and evaluate new ideas.
这一描述揭示了现代科学研究的复杂性，强调了信息整合的挑战。AI可能不仅是信息处理工具，更是科学思维的外部化延伸，改变了科学家与知识的关系。
21 Matching Annotations
- Apr 2026
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- Mar 2024
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Local file Local file
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The development of the card system and itsmore universal adoption within recent years isundoubtedly due in the mail to the development in modernbusiness and factory organisation ; it may be regarded as anoffspring of manufacture in quantities. (Massenfabrikation, Gross-industrie.) The recognised principle in manufacture in quantities ismaximum of output with minimum of labour. The means to attainthis end is specialisation, which in its turn yields greater precisionand accuracy as it^ result. All this is equally applicable to thecard system, and the last factor, greater precision and accuracy,is one of its most conspicuous claims.
Julius Kaiser contemporaneously posits that mass manufacture and maximizing efficiency (greater output for minimum input) are the primary drivers of card index system use in the early 20th century. These also improve both precision and accuracy in handling information which allow for better company or factory operation, which would have been rising concerns for businesses and manufacturing operations at the rise of scientific management during the time period.
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- Nov 2022
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medium.com medium.com
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https://medium.com/@ben_fry/tracing-the-origin-65011dc20877
Could be interesting to apply this sort of process to a variety of texts over time. A draft of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein comes to mind.
How to view this through the lens of Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions? particularly as this was the evolution of an idea by the same author over time...
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- Mar 2022
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kanjun.me kanjun.me
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There are some additional interesting questions here, like: how do you get to the edge quickly? How do you do that across multiple fields? What do you do if the field seems misdirected, like much of psychology?
- How do you get to the edge quickly?
I think this is where literature mapping tools come in handy. With such a tool, you can see how the literature is connected and which papers are closer to the edge of understanding. Some tools on this point include Connected Papers, Inciteful, Scite, Litmaps, and Open Knowledge Maps.
- How do you do that across multiple fields?
I think this requires taking an X-disciplinary approach that teeters on multiple disciplines.
- What do you do if the field seems misdirected, like much of psychology?
Good question. It is hard to re-orient a field unless you can find a good reason (e.g., a crisis) for a paradigm shift. I think Kuhn's writing on [The Structure of Scientific Revolutions(https://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Pajares/Kuhn.html) may be relevant here.
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- Jan 2022
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Davis, N., & correspondent, N. D. S. (2021, December 31). What do we know about the Omicron Covid variant so far? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/31/what-do-we-know-about-the-omicron-covid-variant-so-far
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- Dec 2021
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Schmid, P., & Lewandowsky, S. (n.d.). Tackling COVID disinformation with empathy and conversation. The Conversation. Retrieved December 15, 2021, from http://theconversation.com/tackling-covid-disinformation-with-empathy-and-conversation-173013
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- is:webpage
- COVID-19
- infodemic
- scientific knowledge
- empathy
- COVID denial
- critical thinking
- Germany
- social distancing
- research
- conspiracy theory
- vaccine
- misinformation
- far-right
- anti-vaccine
- disinformation
- exposure
- motivational interviewing
- science
- risk
- lang:en
- compliance
- communication
- social media
- conversation
Annotators
URL
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- Oct 2021
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Yang, P., & Colavizza, G. (2021). A Map of Science in Wikipedia. ArXiv:2110.13790 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.13790
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www.pnas.org www.pnas.org
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Chu, J. S. G., & Evans, J. A. (2021). Slowed canonical progress in large fields of science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(41). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021636118
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- Jul 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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‘Trust the science’ is the mantra of the Covid crisis – but what about human fallibility? | Margaret Simons | The Guardian. (n.d.). Retrieved July 27, 2021, from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/jul/24/trust-the-science-is-the-mantra-of-the-covid-crisis-but-what-about-human-fallibility?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other
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- May 2021
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Jose-Luis Jimenez. (2021, February 5). 1/ Some reflections on scientific Twitter sociology I hadn’t used Twitter much before the pandemic. I was used to the politics of peer-review, grants, large studies etc. But scientific Twitter can be the Wild West by comparison. [Tweet]. @jljcolorado. https://twitter.com/jljcolorado/status/1357737374621515776
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Darren Dahly. (2021, February 24). @SciBeh One thought is that we generally don’t ‘press’ strangers or even colleagues in face to face conversations, and when we do, it’s usually perceived as pretty aggressive. Not sure why anyone would expect it to work better on twitter. Https://t.co/r94i22mP9Q [Tweet]. @statsepi. https://twitter.com/statsepi/status/1364482411803906048
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- Feb 2021
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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Oreskes, N. (2019). Systematicity is necessary but not sufficient: On the problem of facsimile science. Synthese, 196(3), 881–905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1481-1
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- Dec 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ross, L. (2020). How Intellectual Communities Progress. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k6yux
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- Oct 2020
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Science as Amateur Software Development. (2020, September 26). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwRdO9_GGhY&feature=youtu.be
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- Aug 2020
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journals.plos.org journals.plos.org
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Fry, C. V., Cai, X., Zhang, Y., & Wagner, C. S. (2020). Consolidation in a crisis: Patterns of international collaboration in early COVID-19 research. PLOS ONE, 15(7), e0236307. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236307
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- Jul 2020
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osf.io osf.io
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Mikolai, J., Keenan, K., & Kulu, H. (2020). Household level health and socio-economic vulnerabilities and the COVID-19 crisis: An analysis from the UK [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/4wtz8
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Fontana, M., Iori, M., Montobbio, F., & Sinatra, R. (2020). New and atypical combinations: An assessment of novelty and interdisciplinarity. Research Policy, 49(7), 104063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104063
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- Jun 2020
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www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
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Horbach, S. P. J. M. (2020). Pandemic Publishing: Medical journals drastically speed up their publication process for Covid-19. BioRxiv, 2020.04.18.045963. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.18.045963
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Evans, M. C., & Cvitanovic, C. (2018). An introduction to achieving policy impact for early career researchers. Palgrave Communications, 4(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-018-0144-2
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- Jan 2020
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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activist groups are more likely to tap into unconscious values and emotions — like using the term “Frankenfoods” to describe G.M.O.s
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- Jan 2015
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www.britishscienceassociation.org www.britishscienceassociation.org
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To develop this exhibition Life recognised that people construct knowledge for themselves, rather than passively absorb what’s fed to them, and they learn to learn as they learn.
Aim of CZ
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