- Dec 2020
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www.latimes.com www.latimes.com
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The official definition of a “close contact” — 15 minutes, within six feet — isn’t foolproof.
The takeaway: The official definition of a "close contact" for COVID-19 is not foolproof.
The claim: The official definition of a "close contact" - 15 minutes, within six feet - isn't foolproof.
The evidence: In Korea, a person sitting in a restaurant 6.5 meters (>20ft) away from the COVID index case for five minutes was infected, most likely because airflow from the air conditioner carried droplets with COVID-19 from the infected person to the person who became infected (1). How common transmission across large distances occurs is still debated (2). As several indoor outbreaks were attributed to airborne transmission, precautions to prevent airborne COVID transmission are needed (3). Examples include better air filtration/UV to kill virus in the system, increased air flow from outside, avoidance of recirculating interior air, and avoiding overcrowding in interior spaces.
Sources:
1) https://jkms.org/DOIx.php?id=10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e415
2) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166093420302858?via%3Dihub
3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7454469/pdf/ciaa939.pdf
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- Nov 2020
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abcnews.go.com abcnews.go.com
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Gov. Kristi Noem defended her hands-off approach to managing the deadly COVID-19 pandemic while addressing lawmakers earlier this week and called mandatory stay-at home orders "useless" in helping lower the spread.
Take away: Lower COVID-19 spread occurred after stay-at home orders were issued. Room for debate exists on how restrictive lockdowns should be.
The claim: Mandatory stay-at home orders are "useless" in helping lower the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
The evidence: Two publications showed that lower COVID-19 spread occurred after stay-at home orders were issued (1, 2). Hospitalizations were lower than predicted exponential growth rates after implementation of stay-at home orders (3). Some caveats to consider include that it is impossible to tease apart the effects of the stay-at home orders from other measure implemented simultaneously with stay-at home orders such as increased hygiene measures, social distancing guidelines, and school closures. It is also impossible to conclusively state that the effect is from the stay-at home order and not the natural progression of the disease.
The comparison between Illinois with stay-at home orders and Iowa without stay-at home orders resulted in an estimated 217 additional COVID-19 cases in Iowa over the course of a month (2). This small number raises the question, "are stay-at home orders worth it?" It is important to remember that comparison of Iowa and Illinois is the comparison of two social distancing strategies. Stay-at home orders close everything and then write the exceptions that can remain open. Iowa took the approach of leaving everything open except what the government choose to close (4). Some businesses in Iowa were still closed and many federal guidelines were still followed. A negative control showing disease progression without any mitigation measures does not exist in published literature.
Sources:
1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7246016/
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- Oct 2020
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50 percent effective
Take away: Cloth face masks filter approximately 50% of bacteriophage five times smaller than one SARS-CoV-2 virus. Therefore it is reasonable to assume that masks, including cloth masks, are 50% effective.
The claim: Masks are assumed to be 50% effective.
The evidence: Face masks, including home made face masks, were shown to reduce aerosol exposure (1). Masks made from various materials were shown to filter 50-68% of Bacteriophage CS2 which is 20 nm (2). When NaCl aerosols were used instead of a bacteriophage, penetration by NaCl occurred 9-98% of the time depending on the size of the particles (3). Two well written reviews detail the efficacy of facemasks (4, 5). SARS-CoV-2 virus is ~100 nm in size (6).
Sources: 1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2440799/
2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7108646/
3 https://academic.oup.com/annweh/article/54/7/789/202744
4 https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202004.0203/v1
5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7497125/#ref23
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Kavanagh, M. M. (2020). US elections and a foreign policy for pandemics. The Lancet Public Health, 5(10), e517–e518. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30211-5
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www.bmj.com www.bmj.com
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The model predicted that school closures and isolation of younger people would increase the total number of deaths, albeit postponed to a second and subsequent waves. The findings of this study suggest that prompt interventions were shown to be highly effective at reducing peak demand for intensive care unit (ICU) beds but also prolong the epidemic, in some cases resulting in more deaths long term. This happens because covid-19 related mortality is highly skewed towards older age groups. In the absence of an effective vaccination programme, none of the proposed mitigation strategies in the UK would reduce the predicted total number of deaths below 200 000.
Take away: This model excludes the possibility of vaccination. As many vaccines are in stage three clinical trials, the conclusion that more people will die from closing schools, etc. will most likely not be realized.
The claim: School closures and isolation of younger people will increase total number of deaths from second and subsequent waves of COVID-19 when restrictions are lifted.
The evidence: This model predicts more deaths from the combination of place closures such as schools, case isolations, household quarantine, and social distancing of over 70s than for the combination of case isolation, household quarantine, and social distancing for over 70s. The majority of the deaths for the combination of place closures, case isolations, household quarantine, and social distancing of over 70s occur once the restrictions are lifted. This model excludes the possibility of a vaccine reducing the size of the second wave.
At least ten companies have a COVID-19 vaccine in the final stage (Phase III) of clinical trials (1). Therefore a model which excludes vaccination will most likely not be accurate to reality once a vaccine is widely administered.
Source:
1 https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines
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- Sep 2020
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www.azdhs.gov www.azdhs.gov
Tags
- is:pdf
- COVID-19
- lang:en
- scarcity
- healthcare
- priority
- grouping
- resource allocation
- care facility
- triage
- scoring
- treatment
- addendum
- public health
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www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
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r/BehSciResearch—Inertia in academic priorities. (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved June 16, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciResearch/comments/h9cilq/inertia_in_academic_priorities/
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- Aug 2020
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www.bbc.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk
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Sellgren, K. (2020, August 5). Schools “should be first to open, last to close.” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/education-53650648
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Sherrard-Smith, E., Hogan, A. B., Hamlet, A., Watson, O. J., Whittaker, C., Winskill, P., Ali, F., Mohammad, A. B., Uhomoibhi, P., Maikore, I., Ogbulafor, N., Nikau, J., Kont, M. D., Challenger, J. D., Verity, R., Lambert, B., Cairns, M., Rao, B., Baguelin, M., … Churcher, T. S. (2020). The potential public health consequences of COVID-19 on malaria in Africa. Nature Medicine, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1025-y
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.comYouTube1
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Cities After Covid—YouTube. (2020, June 19). https://youtu.be/cjwWjCxTBVs
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URL
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Mather, N. (2020). How we accelerated clinical trials in the age of coronavirus. Nature, 584(7821), 326–326. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02416-z
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Snape, M. (2020, August 18). There is now clear data on Covid-19 and children: It should be safe to reopen English schools | Matthew Snape. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/aug/18/children-covid-19-english-schools-virus-safe-reopening
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covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
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How Do We Think the COVID-19 Crisis Will Affect Our Careers (If Any Remain)?. COVID-19 and the Labor Market. (n.d.). IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. Retrieved August 8, 2020, from https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13164/
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www.nber.org www.nber.org
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Montenovo, L., Jiang, X., Rojas, F. L., Schmutte, I. M., Simon, K. I., Weinberg, B. A., & Wing, C. (2020). Determinants of Disparities in Covid-19 Job Losses (Working Paper No. 27132; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27132
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- Jul 2020
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onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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O’Connor, D. B., Aggleton, J. P., Chakrabarti, B., Cooper, C. L., Creswell, C., Dunsmuir, S., Fiske, S. T., Gathercole, S., Gough, B., Ireland, J. L., Jones, M. V., Jowett, A., Kagan, C., Karanika‐Murray, M., Kaye, L. K., Kumari, V., Lewandowsky, S., Lightman, S., Malpass, D., … Armitage, C. J. (n.d.). Research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: A call to action for psychological science. British Journal of Psychology, n/a(n/a), e12468. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12468
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Bosancianu, C. M., Dionne, K. Y., Hilbig, H., Humphreys, M., Kc, S., Lieber, N., & Scacco, A. (2020). Political and Social Correlates of Covid-19 Mortality [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/ub3zd
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- Jun 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Khan, S., & Hult Khazaie, D. (2020). Social Psychology and Pandemics: Exploring Consensus about Research Priorities and Strategies using the Delphi Method [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yhw74
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link.springer.com link.springer.com
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Stokes, D. C., Andy, A., Guntuku, S. C., Ungar, L. H., & Merchant, R. M. (2020). Public Priorities and Concerns Regarding COVID-19 in an Online Discussion Forum: Longitudinal Topic Modeling. Journal of General Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-05889-w
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- May 2020
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www.bps.org.uk www.bps.org.uk
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Help us decide on the Covid-19 research priorities for psychological science | BPS. (n.d.). Retrieved May 5, 2020, from https://www.bps.org.uk/news-and-policy/help-us-decide-covid-19-research-priorities-psychological-science
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Holmes, E. A., O’Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., Ballard, C., Christensen, H., Silver, R. C., Everall, I., Ford, T., John, A., Kabir, T., King, K., Madan, I., Michie, S., Przybylski, A. K., Shafran, R., Sweeney, A., … Bullmore, E. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
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misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
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Makhortykh, M., Urman, A., & Ulloa, R. (2020). How search engines disseminate information about COVID-19 and why they should do better. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 1(COVID-19 and Misinformation). https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-017
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blogs.lse.ac.uk blogs.lse.ac.uk
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says, M. A. (2020, April 27). Science in inaction – The shifting priorities of the UK government’s response to COVID-19 highlights the need for publicly accountable expert advice. Impact of Social Sciences. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2020/04/27/science-in-inaction-the-shifting-priorities-of-the-uk-governments-response-to-covid-19-highlights-the-need-for-publicly-accountable-expert-advice/
Tags
- transparency
- decision-making
- advice
- government
- lang:en
- COVID-19
- policymaker
- priority
- science
- shift
- UK
- inaction
- response
- is:blog
- expert
Annotators
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gitlab.com gitlab.com
- Apr 2020
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Some conventions reverse the order of priorities, considering lower values to be higher priority
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uxmovement.com uxmovement.com
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Because users read items from left to right, the priority direction for reading items is stronger horizontally than vertically.
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Items in a top navigation do not have equal weight. The leftmost items carry more visual weight than other items because of its placement in the primary optical area (top left). Items in the top left area get more exposure and are often seen as more important than other items.
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you will have certain items with higher priority than others. Because the user’s topic of interest is more limited in this context, placing items in a top navigation allows users to find what they want faster and easier.
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Holmes, E. A., O’Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., Ballard, C., Christensen, H., Cohen Silver, R., Everall, I., Ford, T., John, A., Kabir, T., King, K., Madan, I., Michie, S., Przybylski, A. K., Shafran, R., Sweeney, A., … Bullmore, E. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry, S2215036620301681. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
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www.ukri.org www.ukri.org
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Apply to switch your existing funding to Covid-19 priority areas—UK Research and Innovation. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2020, from https://www.ukri.org/funding/funding-opportunities/ukri-open-call-for-research-and-innovation-ideas-to-address-covid-19/apply-to-switch-your-existing-funding-to-covid-19-priority-areas/
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- Nov 2019
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
- May 2019
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www.fiercebiotech.com www.fiercebiotech.com
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Vancouver-based Contextual Genomics has launched two molecular hotspot assays for detecting genomic mutations in blood and solid tumors. <!--//--><![CDATA[// ><!-- document.addEventListener("googletagEvent", function () { let hideOnMobile = "0"; let isMobileQuery = false; if (typeof window.dataLayerValues === "undefined" || !window.dataLayerValues.hasOwnProperty('isMobileQuery') || window.dataLayerValues.isMobileQuery) { isMobileQuery = window.dataLayerValues.isMobileQuery; } // Don't display the ad unit if this is a mobile browser and we're supposed to hide the unit in mobile view. if (isMobileQuery && hideOnMobile === '1') { return; } let hideOnDesktop = "0"; // Don't display this ad unit if this is a desktop broser and we're supposed to hide the mobile ad unit if(!isMobileQuery && hideOnDesktop === '1') { return; } googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('content-embed-one'); }); }); //--><!]]> The new version of the company’s Find It solid tumor panel now screens for 146 somatic genome alterations, and 23 exons in 30 cancer-associated genes, to help identify precision cancer treatments and recognize drug-resistant mutations. New additions to the panel include tests for mutations in the POLE gene, which have been associated with colorectal cancer as well as immunodeficiency.
31-05-2019
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- May 2017
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doceamus.conversingtopics.com doceamus.conversingtopics.com
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David Menasche’s Priority List
I read this book for a class and highly enjoyed the priority lesson Menasche included in the overall theme of the book.
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- Jul 2016
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books.google.ca books.google.ca
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Page 223
This is Borgman discussing the role of priority in the humanities
cultural and historical events can be reinterpreted repeatedly. Prizes are based on the best interpretation rather than on the first claim to a finding.
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