Commoditizing complements doesn't always work because focus is scarce even for the largest, fastest growing businesses.
大多数人认为科技巨头拥有无限资源实施各种战略,但作者指出即使是最大、增长最快的企业也面临注意力稀缺问题。这一观点挑战了规模经济理论,暗示过度扩张可能导致核心竞争力的稀释。
Commoditizing complements doesn't always work because focus is scarce even for the largest, fastest growing businesses.
大多数人认为科技巨头拥有无限资源实施各种战略,但作者指出即使是最大、增长最快的企业也面临注意力稀缺问题。这一观点挑战了规模经济理论,暗示过度扩张可能导致核心竞争力的稀释。
Commoditizing complements doesn't always work because focus is scarce even for the largest, fastest growing businesses.
大多数人认为科技巨头拥有无限资源可以同时追求多个战略方向,但作者强调即使是最大的企业也面临着注意力稀缺的挑战,这挑战了关于大企业无所不能的主流认知。
Commoditizing complements doesn't always work because focus is scarce even for the largest, fastest growing businesses.
大多数人认为科技巨头拥有无限资源可以实施任何战略,但作者指出即使是最大的企业也面临注意力稀缺问题。这与对科技巨头的普遍认知相悖,暗示规模优势也有其局限性。
Structure: $500M OpenAI equity plus $4B from TPG, Bain, Advent, Brookfield, and Goanna form a $10B LLC.
DeployCo的结构显示OpenAI出资5亿美元(占总资金的5%),而PE firms出资40亿美元(40%),形成总计100亿美元的LLC。这种资本结构表明OpenAI虽然拥有超级投票权,但在资金贡献上处于次要位置,主要依靠PE firms的渠道网络来推广其产品。
At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to _______% of the shares of Class A common stock offered by this prospectus for sale at the initial public offering price through a directed share program to certain persons identified by our management and certain long-tenured employees, which may include parties with whom we have a business relationship and friends and family of management and such employees.
大多数人认为IPO分配应该基于市场机制和机构投资者需求,但Cerebras预留大量股份给管理层、员工及其关系网络。这挑战了IPO公平分配的普遍认知,暗示公司可能优先考虑内部人利益而非最大化股东价值。
The real bottleneck in AI right now is not compute but rather data quality
这一论点颠覆了当前AI行业对计算资源投入的过度关注,提出了一个令人惊讶的视角:我们可能一直在解决错误的问题。如果数据质量是真正瓶颈,那么整个AI研发的重点需要重新评估。
The third allocation strategy is to allocate each function in a way that maximizes economicefficiency.
The second allocation strategy is assigning each function to the most capable agent, which canbe either a human or a machine.
Therefore, this automation strategy definesthe roles and responsibilities of users in terms of automation instead of the other way around.
First, byautomating everything that can be automated, the user is left with functions that, by definition, thedesigners find hard, expensive, or difficult to automate.
The first strategy is called maximum automation. Here, each task that can be automated is allo-cated to a machine.
The aim is to increase efficiency, reduce costs, or both.
Which system functions should beautomated, and to what extent should they be automated?
Task allocation is a central challenge in HCI and automation.
Independently of the chosen strategy, some tasks are to be done by the interactive system andsome by the user. The allocation of such tasks is called functional allocation.
In all cases, getting the right balance betweenautomation and human control is crucial.
In HCI, automation poses the foun-dational problem of task allocation: Who does which task or subtask—the system or the user?Moreover, how much should we automate?
approaches for translating each ESB to cities and businesses via the sequential steps of transcription, allocation, and adjustment.
for - cross-scale translation - via transcription - allocation - adjustment
Ryberg et al. (2018) explicitly looked into the choice of sharing principles (also referred to as allocation principles or distributive principles in other literature).
The policy provides a simple test of an RA’s competence: the ability to make a DOI Kernel Declaration, which requires that the RA has an internal system which can support the unambiguous allocation of a DOI name, and is fundamentally sound enough to support interoperability within the network.
{Competence} {Unambiguous Allocation}
Approximately sixty formal URN namespace identifiers have been registered.
{Unambiguous Allocation}
La mise en place d’une telle « allocation d’autonomie » est défendue en France91 depuis la Charte de Grenoble de 1946 par des organisations comme l’Union nationale des étudiants de France, mais n’a jamais été réalisée. La mesure a failli être adoptée en 1951, alors que « la commission de l’Éducation nationale de l’Assemblée nationale avait ainsi adopté à l’unanimité le rapport Cayol en faveur d’une rémunération étudiante92 ». Le refus d’adopter la mesure en France s’expliquerait notamment par l’influence croissante de la théorie du capital humain néolibérale qui présente l’étudiant·e comme un investisseur en lui-même93. Le salariat étudiant était encore revendiqué en 2018 en France (ainsi qu’au Québec par les Comités unitaires sur le travail étudiant94) et l’idée a été notamment reprise par le candidat présidentiel Jean-Luc Mélenchon à la suite de l’immolation d’un étudiant pour cause de précarité (celui-ci avait écrit un texte revendiquant le salariat étudiant avant de poser son geste). Mélenchon proposait dans sa plateforme une allocation de 800 euros par mois95.
Health Nerd. (2021, November 1). Ah yes, “randomization” From an RCT of vitamin D that was recently preprinted https://t.co/fHXJDRoIFF [Tweet]. @GidMK. https://twitter.com/GidMK/status/1455300177829326848
Or the PIs who enjoy and excel at raising funds can do so and even re-deploy it to the right scientists, akin to founders who become angel investors and venture capitalists.
Sounds like a Self-Organized Funding Allocation (SOFA): https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol24/iss3/art29/
Sun, W., Liu, Y., Amanat, F., González-Domínguez, I., McCroskery, S., Slamanig, S., Coughlan, L., Rosado, V., Lemus, N., Jangra, S., Rathnasinghe, R., Schotsaert, M., Martinez, J. L., Sano, K., Mena, I., Innis, B. L., Wirachwong, P., Thai, D. H., Oliveira, R. D. N., … Palese, P. (2021). A Newcastle disease virus expressing a stabilized spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces protective immune responses. Nature Communications, 12(1), 6197. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-26499-y
Smith, M. J., Ahmad, A., Arawi, T., Dawson, A., Emanuel, E. J., Garani-Papadatos, T., Ghimire, P., Iliyasu, Z., Lei, R., Mastroleo, I., Mathur, R., Okeibunor, J., Parker, M., Saenz, C., Thomé, B., Upshur, R. E. G., & Voo, T. C. (2021). Top five ethical lessons of COVID-19 that the world must learn. Wellcome Open Research, 6, 17. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16568.1
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Framework for equitable allocation of COVID-19 vaccine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25917.
WHO SAGE values framework for the allocation and prioritization of COVID-19 vaccination. (n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2021, from https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/who-sage-values-framework-for-the-allocation-and-prioritization-of-covid-19-vaccination
Benjy Renton. (2020, December 5). Launching a new dashboard to track local news reports and state press releases on how many vaccine doses will be allocated to each state, since there seems to be no public federal effort. Browse each state’s allocations and a map of doses per capita. Https://t.co/CUP2W2ph7X [Tweet]. @bhrenton. https://twitter.com/bhrenton/status/1335306082693083137
Serhan, Y. (2020, December 8). Vaccine Nationalism Is Doomed to Fail. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/12/vaccine-nationalism-doomed-fail/617323/
A Marm Kilpatrick. (2020, December 8). FDA Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine efficacy results are great, but aren’t nearly as great as presented for severe infections. Everyone has seen fig below on cases in vaccine (blue) & placebo (red) over time. Thread. Https://t.co/vlZyZgJ7hr https://t.co/9ZWeWCko1x [Tweet]. @DiseaseEcology. https://twitter.com/DiseaseEcology/status/1336446195284070400
Pathak, P. A., Sönmez, T., Unver, M. U., & Yenmez, M. B. (2020). Leaving No Ethical Value Behind: Triage Protocol Design for Pandemic Rationing (Working Paper No. 26951; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w26951
La, V.-P., Pham, T.-H., Ho, T. M., Hoàng, N. M., Linh, N. P. K., Vuong, T.-T., Nguyen, H.-K. T., Tran, T., Van Quy, K., Ho, T. M., & Vuong, Q.-H. (2020). Policy response, social media and science journalism for the sustainability of the public health system amid the COVID-19 outbreak: The Vietnam lessons [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/cfw8x
Younes, G. A., Ayoubi, C., Ballester, O., Cristelli, G., de Rassenfosse, G., Foray, D., Gaule, P., Pellegrino, G., van den Heuvel, M., Webster, B., & Zhou, L. (2020). COVID-19_Insights from Innovation Economists [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/b5zae
Rosati, G., Domenech, L., Chazarreta, A., & Maguire, T. (2020). Capturing and analyzing social representations. A first application of Natural Language Processing techniques to reader’s comments in COVID-19 news. Argentina, 2020 [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/3pcdu
Lyttelton, T., Zang, E., & Musick, K. (2020). Gender Differences in Telecommuting and Implications for Inequality at Home and Work. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/tdf8c
Shah, C., Dehmamy, N., Perra, N., Chinazzi, M., Barabási, A.-L., Vespignani, A., & Yu, R. (2020). Finding Patient Zero: Learning Contagion Source with Graph Neural Networks. ArXiv:2006.11913 [Cs]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11913
Buckwalter, W., & Peterson, A. (2020). Public Attitudes Toward Allocating Scarce Resources During the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wuvta
Mehrotra, S., Rahimian, H., Barah, M., Luo, F., & Schantz, K. (2020 May 02). A model of supply-chain decisions for resource sharing with an application to ventilator allocation to combat COVID-19. Naval Research Logistics (NRL). https://doi.org/10.1002/nav.21905
Computer scientists make LDA seem complicated because they care about proving that their algorithms work.
Having made these points many times in the last few years, I've realized that the fundamental problem is in the mistaken belief that the type system has anything whatsoever to do with the storage allocation strategy. It is simply false that the choice of whether to use the stack or the heap has anything fundamentally to do with the type of the thing being stored. The truth is: the choice of allocation mechanism has to do only with the known required lifetime of the storage.
The type system has nothing to do with the storage allocation strategy; the choice of allocation mechanism has to do only with the known required lifetime of the storage.
If we’re in that situation when new memory is allocated then the “high water mark” is bumped up, eating up some of the previously “free” portion of the block. The newly-reserved memory is then usable for the reference type instance that has just been allocated. That is extremely cheap; just a single pointer move, plus zeroing out the newly reserved memory if necessary.