An engineer at Cloudflare used Claude with OpenCode to release vinext, a reimplementation of Next.js on Vite, for only ~$1,100 in API costs.
这个案例展示了AI系统在软件开发中的成本效益,仅用1100美元API成本就实现了94%的Next.js API覆盖,这是一个相对较低的成本。这表明在某些特定任务上,AI系统已经能够以相对较低的成本实现有意义的成果。
An engineer at Cloudflare used Claude with OpenCode to release vinext, a reimplementation of Next.js on Vite, for only ~$1,100 in API costs.
这个案例展示了AI系统在软件开发中的成本效益,仅用1100美元API成本就实现了94%的Next.js API覆盖,这是一个相对较低的成本。这表明在某些特定任务上,AI系统已经能够以相对较低的成本实现有意义的成果。
By analyzing past successes and failures, GRAO becomes progressively better at proposing effective updates, allowing the system to learn how to optimize itself.
通过分析过去的成功和失败,GRAO在提出有效更新方面变得越来越擅长,使得系统能够学习如何自我优化,表明该框架具有自我改进的能力。
The company is pitching itself as a potential solution to ticket scalping, and announced that it has built software called Concert Kit that ticketers can use to ensure only real people and not scalper bots are purchasing tickets.
This suggests a new application of the technology, but it doesn't provide evidence that the technology is effective against scalper bots, which is a significant claim.
Just 44% of all agent-produced code survives into user commits
大多数人认为AI生成的代码会被大量采纳,但研究显示只有不到一半的AI生成代码最终被用户保留。这表明AI编程助手的实际贡献远低于表面看起来那么大,用户对AI输出有很高的筛选和修正率。
With only 27B parameters, it outperforms the Qwen3.5-397B-A17B (397B total / 17B active) on every major coding benchmark
通常认为参数量越多,模型性能越好,但作者提出27B参数的Qwen3.6-27B在所有主要编码基准测试中都优于拥有更多参数的Qwen3.5-397B-A17B,这与常规观点相悖。
Utilization effectiveness
This is a new term to me. I think it's bit like PUE in that you want the number to be as close to 1 as possible (i.e. for 1 server's worth of utilisation, you want to have provision 1 server, not 5)
So, I think this is the term you might use to talk about how a hyperscaler datacentre might be full of individually efficient servers, but only have 5% of them serving workloads - the rest is just spare capacity ready to sell, or give away as credits
Computer generated or response dependent releases can be allocated for some feedback,
computer generated feedback - I would ask students to tell me how they implemented feedback
Feedback strategies and sequences such as those suggested to humanize online instructor feedback might move learning from external regulation by the instructor to internal self-regulation by students.
increasing student usage of feedback - humanize it
It is there-fore to be expected that the initial cost of the card system is nota fair criterion of its cost when in working order.
Setting up and learning a note taking or card index system has a reasonably large up-front cost, but learning it well and being able to rely on it over long periods of time will eventually reap larger and cheaper long-term outcomes and benefits.
Unless changing systems creates dramatically larger improvements, the cost of change will surely swamp the benefits making the switch useless. This advice given by Kaiser is still as true today as it was in 1908, we tend not to think about the efficiency as much now as he may have then however and fall trap to shiny object syndrome.
for: climate crisis - debate - community action, climate crisis - discussion - community action, indyweb - curation example
discussion: effectiveness of community action to address climate crisis
this is just a hypothesis there's a thing called the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics like why is it the case that you go off and you invent complex numbers and quaternions and do abstract algebra and somehow that has something 00:33:26 to say about the physical world still a mystery but there's an unreasonable effectiveness of deep learning there is no a priori reason why DNA and images and video and speech synthesis and fmri 00:33:40 should share a kind of universal shape but they do and I think that's telling us something very deep about the structure of the universe
for: unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics, emptiness, emptiness - unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics
comment
They are efficiency and effectiveness. For memory systems, an effective system is one that gets the right answer every time no matter how long it takes you. And the efficient system is one that uses the least amount of resources like time, associations, dependent systems, etc. but it may not be that good at providing the correct answers.
Efficiency and effectiveness measures for specific mnemonic systems may vary from person to person, so one should consider them with respect to their own practices. There may not be a single "right" or "correct" practice universally, but there could be one for everyone individually based on their own choices or preferences.
Eugene P. Wigner, The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in thenatural sciences, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 13 (1960), 1–14.
The way you deal with your time outside of work is a little bit different, and so I’m going to put that aside.
I wonder in what ways the time outside of work is managed differently. In the end, it is all about allocating your time to the uses you decide on.
Das Produktivitätsproblem muss inbezug auf eine Relation gestellt werden,nämlich in bezug auf die Relation vonZettelkasten und Benutzer.
"The productivity problem must be formulated in the context of a relation, in the relation of the ZK and its user." This holds generally I suppose, productivity notions must be placed in the context of the producer and their tools. Where the producer also is the one formulating what counts as productivity. Vgl [[A Practice for Note Card Systems Outputs – Interdependent Thoughts 20221023140227]] Reading this I realise I have little purpose for e.g. economic measures of general population productivity, and e.g. in my company staying away from using billable hours as measure for productivity (but struggling to find another way to have such conversations, about effectiveness perhaps more than productivity)
Chadeau-Hyam, M., Wang, H., Eales, O., Haw, D., Bodinier, B., Whitaker, M., Walters, C. E., Ainslie, K. E. C., Atchison, C., Fronterre, C., Diggle, P. J., Page, A. J., Trotter, A. J., Ashby, D., Barclay, W., Taylor, G., Cooke, G., Ward, H., Darzi, A., … Elliott, P. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine effectiveness in England (REACT-1): A series of cross-sectional random community surveys. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00542-7
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Zimmer, C. (2021, June 6). We’ll Probably Need Booster Shots for Covid-19. But When? And Which Ones? The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/06/science/covid-vaccine-boosters.html
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Nature Portfolio. (2021, October 15). A study in @NatureMedicine indicates that the effectiveness of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infections with symptoms or high viral burden is reduced with the Delta variant compared to the Alpha variant. Https://go.nature.com/3vecpoj https://t.co/XQdnMYguFz [Tweet]. @NaturePortfolio. https://twitter.com/NaturePortfolio/status/1449145321188216836
nature. (2021, November 9). Protein-based vaccines—With their inexpensive production protocols and logistical advantages—Could help to narrow the immunization gap between rich and poor countries https://t.co/pLunUiQl3n [Tweet]. @Nature. https://twitter.com/Nature/status/1458009972214747136
Prof. Shane Crotty. (2021, October 19). 1/ The regular vaccines give great booster responses against Delta and other variants This was first shown by Moderna, with “original recipe” vaccine booster, compare to Beta booster. Https://nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01527-y https://t.co/g7YDwGIURP [Tweet]. @profshanecrotty. https://twitter.com/profshanecrotty/status/1450489709050744833
Eric Topol. (2021, October 27). 'The benefit of a third [booster] dose in reducing transmission is sizeable and increases with vaccine coverage and contact rates among individuals." https://medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.25.21265500v1 by @billygardner and @DiseaseEcology https://t.co/zAZcJgF1nJ [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1453153076165021696
Nerd, G. M.-K. H. (2022, February 25). The Jury is Still Out on Ivermectin. Medium. https://gidmk.medium.com/the-jury-is-still-out-on-ivermectin-7d0a1895549
Khairy Jamaluddin 🇲🇾🌺. (2021, November 14). Real world data from Chile has shown significant increase in vaccine effectiveness after a booster for people who took Sinovac for their primary series. Biggest boost came with a Pfizer booster. Other countries are also combining SSP. Take the booster when offered. Https://t.co/N98K1eEvTR [Tweet]. @Khairykj. https://twitter.com/Khairykj/status/1459800517635305474
Danner, C. (2022, January 14). Seriously, Upgrade Your Face Mask. Intelligencer. https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/why-you-should-upgrade-your-face-mask-to-an-n95.html
Covid-19: Efficacité vaccinale. (2021, October 11). EPI-PHARE. https://www.epi-phare.fr/rapports-detudes-et-publications/impact-vaccination-covid-octobre-2021/
🇺🇦 Meaghan Kall. (2022, January 27). NEW: 🏴 Vaccine effectiveness (symptomatic infection) data for BA.2 {Omicron’s more infectious sister} NO difference in VE between Omicron (BA.1) and BA.2 Possibly even higher VE for BA.2 but estimates overlap See full thread 🧵 from @freja_kirsebom https://t.co/bJ7uCn2cGV [Tweet]. @kallmemeg. https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1486821549458001927
Freja Kirsebom. (2022, January 28). Two important updates from our team this week: - Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic disease after Omicron BA.2 shows that VE remains unchanged—VE against death after Omicron BA.1 shows VE is 95% at 2+ weeks after booster 1/7 Full report https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050721/Vaccine-surveillance-report-week-4.pdf [Tweet]. @freja_kirsebom. https://twitter.com/freja_kirsebom/status/1486730977464369160
James Ward on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved April 21, 2022, from https://twitter.com/JamesWard73/status/1470680953643319305
Pérez-Then, E., Lucas, C., Monteiro, V. S., Miric, M., Brache, V., Cochon, L., Vogels, C. B. F., Cruz, E. D. la, Jorge, A., Santos, M. D. los, Leon, P., Breban, M. I., Billig, K., Yildirim, I., Pearson, C., Downing, R., Gagnon, E., Muyombwe, A., Razeq, J., … Iwasaki, A. (2021). Immunogenicity of heterologous BNT162b2 booster in fully vaccinated individuals with CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta and Omicron: The Dominican Republic Experience (p. 2021.12.27.21268459). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.27.21268459
🇺🇦 Meaghan Kall [@kallmemeg]. (2021, December 23). VACCINES Speaking of boosters, it’s not great news I’m afraid. Updated vaccine effectiveness analysis shows mRNA boosters beginning to wane from one month (week 5-9) for Omicron, and as low as 30-50% effective from 10 weeks post-booster. This effect is not seen with Delta. Https://t.co/g0tLxH3vLR [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1474072056878804992
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Sanderson, K. (2021). COVID vaccines protect against Delta, but their effectiveness wanes. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02261-8
Abu-Raddad, L. J., Chemaitelly, H., Ayoub, H. H., AlMukdad, S., Tang, P., Hasan, M. R., Coyle, P., Yassine, H. M., Al-Khatib, H. A., Smatti, M. K., Al-Kanaani, Z., Al-Kuwari, E., Jeremijenko, A., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Shaik, R. M., Abdul-Rahim, H. F., Nasrallah, G. K., Al-Kuwari, M. G., … Bertollini, R. (2022). Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 boosters against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) infection in Qatar (p. 2022.01.18.22269452). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.18.22269452
That’s all fine and well and good as long as you don’t have a crisis
Systems that are too efficient will become brittle. Brittle systems collapse catastrophically when conditions vary too far from expectations. The only way to accommodate unforeseeable circumstances is to give up some efficiency for greater flexibility. This produces robust systems that endure where brittle systems collapse.
Blachere, F. M., Lemons, A. R., Coyle, J. P., Derk, R. C., Lindsley, W. G., Beezhold, D. H., Woodfork, K., Duling, M. G., Boutin, B., Boots, T., Harris, J. R., Nurkiewicz, T., & Noti, J. D. (2021). Face mask fit modifications that improve source control performance (p. 2021.09.16.21263642). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.16.21263642
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Bacharach, J., Schreiber, M., Schreiber, M., Schreiber, M., Schreiber, M., Adler-Bell, S., Adler-Bell, S., Beacock, I., Beacock, I., Rosenfeld, S., Rosenfeld, S., Subramanian, S., & Subramanian, S. (2022, March 15). Why Is David Leonhardt So Happy? The New Republic. https://newrepublic.com/article/165729/david-leonhardt-happy-review-new-york-times-morning-newsletter
Program on Human Effectiveness
Program on Human Effectiveness, DCE, 12-Dec-1961 This version omits the Cost paragraph
box 1, folder 8 ARC Record 1 1959-1962
Includes:
Program on Human Effectiveness, DCE, 12-Dec-1961 This version includes the Cost paragraph * Scan Copy: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GQoBzpfCaM2XR0z4nPOYqkziWANnID0_/view?usp=sharing * PDF Transcript: https://dougengelbart.org/pubs/white-papers/1961-Program-On-Human-Effectiveness.pdf * DEI Browseable: https://dougengelbart.org/pubs/augment-133401.html
Yang, M. (2022, February 28). Pfizer vaccine significantly less effective in children ages five to 11, study shows. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/feb/28/pfizer-vaccine-less-effective-children-ages-five-to-11-data
ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: “RT @Gab_H_R: Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against-Omicron and Delta variants ⚠️ The 3dose VE was 71.6% and 47.4% against Omicron infection (…” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved February 22, 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1496032262177136642
Altarawneh, H. N., Chemaitelly, H., Hasan, M. R., Ayoub, H. H., Qassim, S., AlMukdad, S., Coyle, P., Yassine, H. M., Al-Khatib, H. A., Benslimane, F. M., Al-Kanaani, Z., Al-Kuwari, E., Jeremijenko, A., Kaleeckal, A. H., Latif, A. N., Shaik, R. M., Abdul-Rahim, H. F., Nasrallah, G. K., Al-Kuwari, M. G., … Abu-Raddad, L. J. (2022). Protection against the Omicron Variant from Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2200133
Freja Kirsebom. (2022, January 7). Today we publish our latest analysis where we stratify by age to investigate vaccine effectiveness (VE) against Omicron in adults aged 65 years and older in England. Https://t.co/y73uto6kll 1/14 [Tweet]. @freja_kirsebom. https://twitter.com/freja_kirsebom/status/1479528228079509516
Halasa, N. B. (2022). Effectiveness of Maternal Vaccination with mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine During Pregnancy Against COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization in Infants Aged 6 Months—17 States, July 2021–January 2022. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 71. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7107e3
How cherry-picking science became the center of the anti-mask movement. (2022, February 14). Gothamist. https://gothamist.com
Eric Topol. (2022, January 18). It seems the people who write the vaccines w/ a booster aren’t working against Omicron are completely out of touch with the data I’d consider ~90% effectiveness vs hospitalization pretty, pretty damn good https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1046853/technical-briefing-34-14-january-2022.pdf Especially compared with 44% without a booster https://t.co/y8ixbmG8uH [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1483543711623512065
News ·, A. M. · C. (2022, January 15). Canadian COVID-19 vaccine study seized on by anti-vaxxers—Highlighting dangers of early research in pandemic | CBC News. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-19-vaccine-study-omicron-anti-vaxxers-1.6315890
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Prof. Gavin Yamey MD MPH. (2022, January 21). His vax disinformation is at 34.55 in the video His full comments: “But people do not trust this vaccine. It’s not been through the normal trials, it’s a technology that’s not been proven as safe & effective, & now the data is coming in on the vaccine that’s showing that..” 1/3 [Tweet]. @GYamey. https://twitter.com/GYamey/status/1484668215825469445
Barnes, O., & Alabi, L. O. (2022, January 27). UK coronavirus cases tick up 10%, symptom tracker app shows. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/f9833324-7986-48c4-a96c-153049ed9b5a
Salali, G. D., Uysal, M. S., Bozyel, G., Akpınar, E., & Aksu, A. (2022). Does social influence affect COVID-19 vaccination intention among the unvaccinated? PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5qc3z
Vanshylla, K., Tober-Lau, P., Gruell, H., Muenn, F., Eggeling, R., Pfeifer, N., Le, N. H., Landgraf, I., Kurth, F., Sander, L. E., & Klein, F. (2022). Durability of Omicron-neutralizing serum activity following mRNA booster immunization in elderly individuals (p. 2022.02.02.22270302). medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.02.02.22270302
Eric Topol. (2022, January 28). New and noteworthy data for vaccine effectiveness vs hospitalization, posted @CDCgov https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#covidnet-hospitalizations-vaccination For age 65+, last week December, per 100,000 people Unvaccinated 239.7 2-dose vaccinated 26.8 3-dose (booster vaccinated) 4.8 That’s 98% reduction, 3-dose vs unvaccinated https://t.co/sSh8LPhAdm [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1486920474797826051
ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 28). We’ve had at least 4 months of European governments tailoring policy to hospital capacity, not cases per se—So why are we still seeing arguments against the effectiveness of those policies based solely on cases, and not the actual target function? @AllysonPollock [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1487038050899222528
Early data indicate vaccines still protect against Omicron’s sister variant, BA.2. (2022, January 28). STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2022/01/28/early-data-indicate-vaccines-still-protect-against-omicrons-sister-variant-ba-2/
Taylor, L. (2022). Covid-19: CoronaVac immunity is strongest after boosting with a different vaccine. BMJ, 376, o210. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o210
Hirose, R., Itoh, Y., Ikegaya, H., Miyazaki, H., Watanabe, N., Yoshida, T., Bandou, R., Daidoji, T., & Nakaya, T. (2022). Differences in environmental stability among SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern: Omicron has higher stability [Preprint]. Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.18.476607
Tom Peacock. (2022, January 19). As its been getting increasing attention recently, I’m going to write a short thread on what we currently know about BA.2. -What is BA.2? -What is BA.2 doing currently? -Should we be concerned about it? [Tweet]. @PeacockFlu. https://twitter.com/PeacockFlu/status/1483768659420094464
Tong-Hyung, K. (n.d.). South Korea gets first supply of Pfizer’s COVID-19 pills. Retrieved January 20, 2022, from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-01-south-korea-pfizer-covid-pills.html
Levy, M., Recher, M., Hubert, H., Javouhey, E., Fléchelles, O., Leteurtre, S., & Angoulvant, F. (2022). Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children by COVID-19 Vaccination Status of Adolescents in France. JAMA, 327(3), 281–283. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2021.23262
Jennifer Cohn ✍🏻 📢. (2022, January 11). This chart says it all. If u got double vaccinated early on & are not yet boosted, ur effectively unvaccinated against Omicron infection. Thus, many adults & teens are effectively unvaccinated against infection. Kids got vaccinated recently & thus may be in a safer position. 1/ [Tweet]. @jennycohn1. https://twitter.com/jennycohn1/status/1481034404260581377
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Zuo, F., Abolhassani, H., Du, L., Piralla, A., Bertoglio, F., Campos-Mata, L. de, Wan, H., Schubert, M., Wang, Y., Sun, R., Cassaniti, I., Vlachiotis, S., Kumagai-Braesch, M., Andréll, J., Zhang, Z., Xue, Y., Wenzel, E. V., Calzolai, L., Varani, L., … Pan-Hammarström, Q. (2022). Heterologous immunization with inactivated vaccine followed by mRNA booster elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (p. 2022.01.04.22268755). https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.04.22268755
Olson, S. M., Newhams, M. M., Halasa, N. B., Price, A. M., Boom, J. A., Sahni, L. C., Pannaraj, P. S., Irby, K., Walker, T. C., Schwartz, S. P., Maddux, A. B., Mack, E. H., Bradford, T. T., Schuster, J. E., Nofziger, R. A., Cameron, M. A., Chiotos, K., Cullimore, M. L., Gertz, S. J., … Randolph, A. G. (2022). Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Critical Covid-19 in Adolescents. New England Journal of Medicine, 0(0), null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2117995
The Spread of the Omicron Variant and Vaccine Effectiveness—January 11, 2022. (2022, January 11). Leger. https://leger360.com/surveys/legers-north-american-tracker-january-11-2022/
Omicron largely evades immunity from past infection or two vaccine doses | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved January 12, 2022, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/232698/omicron-largely-evades-immunity-from-past/
Tseng, H. F., Ackerson, B. K., Luo, Y., Sy, L. S., Talarico, C., Tian, Y., Bruxvoort, K., Tupert, J. E., Florea, A., Ku, J. H., Lee, G. S., Choi, S. K., Takhar, H. S., Aragones, M., & Qian, L. (2022). Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 omicron and delta variants (p. 2022.01.07.22268919). https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.07.22268919
Carreño, J. M., Alshammary, H., Tcheou, J., Singh, G., Raskin, A., Kawabata, H., Sominsky, L., Clark, J., Adelsberg, D. C., Bielak, D., Gonzalez-Reiche, A. S., Dambrauskas, N., Vigdorovich, V., Group, P. S., Srivastava, K., Sather, D. N., Sordillo, E. M., Bajic, G., van Bakel, H., … Krammer, F. (2021). Activity of convalescent and vaccine serum against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-03846-z
Davis, N., & correspondent, N. D. S. (2021, December 31). What do we know about the Omicron Covid variant so far? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/31/what-do-we-know-about-the-omicron-covid-variant-so-far
Eric Topol. (2021, October 19). Just published @ScienceTM With blunting of the immune response, why it is so important for pregnant women to get a Covid vaccine https://science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.abm2070 w/ @ScienceVisuals https://t.co/aCY6LP4Taa [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1450475410328850435
Meaghan Kall. (2021, November 15). There are 2 other impressive conclusions from this study: 1. Comparing vaccine effectiveness of booster vs “fully vaxxed” as the baseline. Booster ADDS 81-85% protection against symptomatic infection ON TOP of what you already had from your primary (2-dose) vaccination https://t.co/5EO7m6GHTZ [Tweet]. @kallmemeg. https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1460207567070769156
Prof. Dr. Sanjeev Bagai. (2021, November 23). Comprehensive dossier evidence of effectiveness of third dose Vax. @TVMohandasPai @ARanganathan72 @TimesNow @RShivshankar [Tweet]. @BagaiDr. https://twitter.com/BagaiDr/status/1463121434830512129
Eric Topol. (2021, October 27). 'The benefit of a third [booster] dose in reducing transmission is sizeable and increases with vaccine coverage and contact rates among individuals." https://medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.25.21265500v1 by @billygardner and @DiseaseEcology https://t.co/zAZcJgF1nJ [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1453153076165021696
Abraar Karan. (2021, December 9). “Participants who received a booster at least 5 months after a second dose of BNT162b2 had 90% lower mortality due to Covid-19 than participants who did not receive a booster.” #covid19 https://t.co/zmXHyE7Lqb [Tweet]. @AbraarKaran. https://twitter.com/AbraarKaran/status/1468849516199563265
Dr Duncan Robertson. (2021, December 14). This is an important point that needs to get out there. It takes time for the booster to work. People will not have invincibility straight after receiving their booster, and should still be cautious. [Tweet]. @Dr_D_Robertson. https://twitter.com/Dr_D_Robertson/status/1470795837525663749
Omicron largely evades immunity from past infection or two vaccine doses | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved December 21, 2021, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/232698/modelling-suggests-rapid-spread-omicron-england/
Richterman, A., Scott, J., & Cevik, M. (2021). Covid-19 vaccines, immunity, and boosters. BMJ, 375, n3105. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n3105
Reuters. (2021, December 20). Moderna says booster produces strong antibody response to Omicron. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/20/moderna-booster-strong-antibody-response-omicron-covid-vaccine-variant
An Omicron cluster in diplomats and an outbreak at a Steps concert: The variant’s timeline is shifting. (2021, December 5). ABC News. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-06/omicron-netherlands-origins-and-strategy-to-control-it/100668682
Jørgensen, F. J., & Petersen, M. B. (2021). Considerations Underlying Parents’ Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines for Their Child: Evidence from Denmark. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8e49j
Bagheri, G., Thiede, B., Hejazi, B., Schlenczek, O., & Bodenschatz, E. (2021). An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(49). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2110117118
New Covid variant: How worried should we be? (2021, November 25). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/health-59418127
News updates from October 25: WHO calls emergency meeting on new Covid variant, German confidence dives, UK migration drops. (2021, November 25). Financial Times.
Davies, R., & Sweney, M. (2021, November 26). FTSE 100 hit by biggest fall since June 2020 amid new variant fears. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/nov/26/travel-and-aviation-shares-tumble-over-new-covid-variant-fears
Devlin, H., & Kollewe, J. (2021, November 26). BioNTech says it could tweak Covid vaccine in 100 days if needed. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/nov/26/biontech-says-it-could-tweak-covid-vaccine-in-100-days-if-needed
Talic, S., Shah, S., Wild, H., Gasevic, D., Maharaj, A., Ademi, Z., Li, X., Xu, W., Mesa-Eguiagaray, I., Rostron, J., Theodoratou, E., Zhang, X., Motee, A., Liew, D., & Ilic, D. (2021). Effectiveness of public health measures in reducing the incidence of covid-19, SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and covid-19 mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 375, e068302. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-068302
Thiruvengadam, R., Awasthi, A., Medigeshi, G., Bhattacharya, S., Mani, S., Sivasubbu, S., Shrivastava, T., Samal, S., Rathna Murugesan, D., Koundinya Desiraju, B., Kshetrapal, P., Pandey, R., Scaria, V., Kumar Malik, P., Taneja, J., Binayke, A., Vohra, T., Zaheer, A., Rathore, D., … Garg, P. K. (2021). Effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection during the delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge in India: A test-negative, case-control study and a mechanistic study of post-vaccination immune responses. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, S1473309921006800. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00680-0
Gozzi, N., Chinazzi, M., Davis, J. T., Mu, K., Piontti, A. P. y, Ajelli, M., Perra, N., & Vespignani, A. (2021). Anatomy of the first six months of COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign in Italy (p. 2021.11.24.21266820). https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.24.21266820
Wheatley, A. K., & Juno, J. A. (2021). COVID-19 vaccines in the age of the delta variant. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00688-5
Thiruvengadam, R., Awasthi, A., Medigeshi, G., Bhattacharya, S., Mani, S., Sivasubbu, S., Shrivastava, T., Samal, S., Murugesan, D. R., Desiraju, B. K., Kshetrapal, P., Pandey, R., Scaria, V., Malik, P. K., Taneja, J., Binayke, A., Vohra, T., Zaheer, A., Rathore, D., … Garg, P. K. (2021). Effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection during the delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge in India: A test-negative, case-control study and a mechanistic study of post-vaccination immune responses. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00680-0
Seth Trueger. (2021, July 21). If seatbelts work so well why do we have airbags crumple zones speed limits licensing road signs traffic lights road safety engineering ambulances EMTs trauma centers brakes https://t.co/6x29wCOlwp [Tweet]. @MDaware. https://twitter.com/MDaware/status/1417680529160294401
Chise 🧬🧫🦠💉🔜 MFF. (2021, November 21). If you’re wondering what difference a booster makes. Https://t.co/858ZpST7Kh [Tweet]. @sailorrooscout. https://twitter.com/sailorrooscout/status/1462441020948459525
Paul Mainwood. (2021, November 18). Holy guacamole. Https://t.co/mIcWJMHdHJ [Tweet]. @PaulMainwood. https://twitter.com/PaulMainwood/status/1461337249950404625
Gregory, A., & editor, A. G. H. (2021, November 18). Mask-wearing cuts Covid incidence by 53%, says global study. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/17/wearing-masks-single-most-effective-way-to-tackle-covid-study-finds
Scott, Jake, Aaron Richterman, and Muge Cevik. ‘Covid-19 Vaccination: Evidence of Waning Immunity Is Overstated’. BMJ 374 (23 September 2021): n2320. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2320.
Walter, E. B., Talaat, K. R., Sabharwal, C., Gurtman, A., Lockhart, S., Paulsen, G. C., Barnett, E. D., Muñoz, F. M., Maldonado, Y., Pahud, B. A., Domachowske, J. B., Simões, E. A. F., Sarwar, U. N., Kitchin, N., Cunliffe, L., Rojo, P., Kuchar, E., Rämet, M., Munjal, I., … Gruber, W. C. (2021). Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age. New England Journal of Medicine, NEJMoa2116298. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2116298
Santora, M., & Minder, R. (2021, October 1). In Portugal, There Is Virtually No One Left to Vaccinate. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/01/world/europe/portugal-vaccination-rate.html
This year, a United Nations regulation on vehicle cybersecurity came into force, obligating manufacturers to perform various risk assessments and report on intrusion attempts to certify cybersecurity readiness. The regulation will take effect for all vehicles sold in Europe from July 2024 and in Japan and South Korea in 2022.
Global regulations for automotive cybersecurity being to emerge.
Major software and hardware suppliers to the world’s manufacturers build in firewalls to ensure that such elements as infotainment systems are prevented from passing code to systems that regulate speed, steering and other critical functions.Vehicle electronic control units are being designed to send an alert if one system that normally never communicates with another suddenly tries to do so. And they’re also locked down, so that an attempt to inject new code will be thwarted.
Cybersecurity companies must protect a vehicle in multiple ways. Threats include SIM cards carrying malicious code, faked over-the-air software updates, code sent from a smartphone to the vehicle, and vehicle sensors and cameras being tricked with wrong information.
Multi-factor safety demands.
The challenge may be even greater than securing the world’s airlines. According to a McKinsey & Company report on automotive cybersecurity, modern vehicles employ around 150 electronic control units and about 100 million lines of code; by 2030, with the advent of autonomous driving features and so-called vehicle-to-vehicle communication, the number of lines of code may triple.
It will be difficult to ensure cybersecurity.
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Gil Feldman. (2021, October 26). @EricTopol Updated data from Israel. The booster works, without any doubt! Red (empty battery): Un-vax Light green (half battery): 2nd dose without the booster Green (full battery): With the booster https://t.co/HbZBvDMQs6 [Tweet]. @feldman_gil. https://twitter.com/feldman_gil/status/1452845319251767299
Valneva Reports Positive Phase 3 Results for Inactivated, Adjuvanted COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate VLA2001 – Valneva. (n.d.). Retrieved October 26, 2021, from https://valneva.com/press-release/valneva-reports-positive-phase-3-results-for-inactivated-adjuvanted-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-vla2001/
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Yahoo Finance. (2021, September 21). “The J&J results exceed expectations,” Yale Radiology and Public Health Professor @thehowie says about the COVID-19 vaccine. “They continue to point out that the J&J vaccine is highly effective even as a one dose vaccine.” https://t.co/AOsxo9IwKT [Tweet]. @YahooFinance. https://twitter.com/YahooFinance/status/1440356401826590727
Spencer, C. (2021, September 23). No, Vaccinated People Are Not ‘Just as Likely’ to Spread the Coronavirus as Unvaccinated People. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/09/the-vaccinated-arent-just-as-likely-to-spread-covid/620161/
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Céline Gounder, MD, ScM, FIDSA. (2021, September 11). 4/ A vaccine doesn’t have to induce sterilizing immunity to be highly effective. Https://t.co/wZ9YHRYJZy [Tweet]. @celinegounder. https://twitter.com/celinegounder/status/1436710543646150670
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Ed Tubb. (2021, August 31). Explaining: The unvaccinated group should have much (much) higher natural protection from COVID by virtue of being younger on average; the fact this group is showing up in hospital much more often despite this tells you the vaccine is even more effective than we know. Https://t.co/dRLEXbc0rE [Tweet]. @EdTubb. https://twitter.com/EdTubb/status/1432702965140398080
David Dowdy on Twitter: “@NEJM joining the waning immunity debate. I’m going to push back a bit. Data from @UCSDHealth of vax effectiveness in health workers: 94% in June, 65% in July. Interpreted as ‘likely to be due to...delta and waning immunity over time, compounded by end of masking requirements.’ https://t.co/flDOfBbTs7” / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved September 2, 2021, from https://twitter.com/davidwdowdy/status/1433254675915157504?s=20
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, July 28). RT @trishgreenhalgh: Me too Asha. Https://t.co/smulue9wBs [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1420913990020988929
Dvir Aran. (2021, July 27). You’ve probably seen reports from Israel on low vaccine effectiveness in this wave. Is it because of Delta? Waning immunity? We think the reason is mostly that we got the denominator wrong. Https://t.co/yloh5Vo9Xi [Tweet]. @dvir_a. https://twitter.com/dvir_a/status/1420059124700700677
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, April 8). RT @EricTopol: The variants of concern/interest fall into a spectrum of immune evasiveness, w/ B.1.351 being most; B.1.1.7, B.1.429 least.… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1397697142769152001
Lee Kennedy-Shaffer. (2021, May 6). .@rebeccajk13 and @mlipsitch showed how to use that to estimate efficacy against prevalent infection (https://t.co/LeXxqcumGS). [Tweet]. @LeeKShaffer. https://twitter.com/LeeKShaffer/status/1390322501817880581
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