- Jul 2024
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www.epi.org www.epi.org
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for - from - demographic trends - U.S. - people of color in majority of working class by 2032
summary - These statistics show a major U.S. labor force trend of - people of color constituting the majority of the working class by 2032, -10 years earlier than predicted by the U.S. census bureau. - This is a source of racial tensions in the United States being fanned by the far-right - The bigger picture is that - the working class has universally been ignored and - class inequality has been the result of a complex set of variables that - are fundamental structural issues common to both major political parties
from - Backfire: How the Rise of Neoliberalism Facilitated the Rise of The Far-Right - https://hyp.is/F6XYujyREe-TaldInE8OGA/scholarworks.arcadia.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066&context=thecompass
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demography will have an impact on the future of the American economy, politics, and social infrastructure.
for - key insight - demographic shift will have major implications on U.S. economy, politics and social infrastructure.
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The age cohort projected to make the earliest transition to majority-minority is the one that includes workers age 25 to 34. These are today’s 18- to 27-year-olds and for them, the projected transition year is 2021.
for - stats - 25 to 34 year old people of color is earliest U.S. working class cohort to transition in the year 2021.
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The prime-age working-class cohort, which includes working people between the ages of 25 and 54, is projected to be majority people of color in 2029.
for - stats - majority of U.S. working class will be people of color by 2029
stats - majority of U.S. working class will be people of color by 2029 - prime-age U.S. working class cohort is age 25 to 54
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the working class is projected to become majority people of color in 2032
for stats - U.S. working class projected to become majority people of color by 2032.
stats - U.S. working class projected to become majority people of color by 2032. - source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
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In 2013, the working class—made up of those with less than a bachelor’s degree—constituted nearly two-thirds (66.1 percent) of the civilian labor force4 between ages 18 and 64.
for - stats - U.S. working class - 666.1% of civilian workforce between 18 and 64
Tags
- key insight - demographic shift will have major implications on U.S. economy, politics and social infrastructure.
- stats - 25 to 34 year old people of color is earliest U.S. working class cohort to transition in the year 2021.
- stats - U.S. working class - 666.1% of civilian workforce between 18 and 64
- stats - majority of U.S. working class will be people of color by 2029
- demographic trends - U.S. - people of color in majority of working class by 2032
- stats - U.S. working class projected to become majority people of color by 2032.
- from - Backfire: How the Rise of Neoliberalism Facilitated the Rise of The Far-Right
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- May 2024
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Verantwortliche der großen US-Fossilunternehmen haben vertraulich die öffentlichen Statements der Firmen zur Dekarbonisierung relativiert und in ihrer Öffentlichkeitsarbeit gegen die von ihnen selbst offiziell vertretene Politik agiert. Das geht aus Dokumenten hervor, deren Herausgabe der Ausschuss des Repräsentantenhauses für Oversight und Reform erzwungen hatte. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/14/climate/oil-industry-documents-disinformation.html
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- Feb 2024
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get us only partly there (around 40 percent).
for - Paris Agreement - U.S. commitments - contribution from IInflation Reduction Act
Paris Agreement - U.S. commitment - contribution from Inflation Reduction Act - U.S. committed to 60% emissions reduction by 2030 - If Inflation Reduction Act is fully implemented without GOP-stacked court blocking it - it achieves 40% - Biden 2024 win is necessary, but not sufficient - Trump 2024 win will be a step in the wrong direction
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we face an American election unlike any other. It will determine not only the course of the American experiment but the path that civilization collectively follows.
for - quote - Michael Mann - quote - 2024 U.S. elections - future of civilization - quote - existential threat of 2024 Trump win - polycrisis - politics - inequality - climate
quote - Michael Mann - date: May 11, 2023 - source: The Hill - Op Ed - https://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/4290467-trump-2-0-the-climate-cannot-survive-another-trump-term/ - (see below)
- It is not an overstatement to say, one year out, that
- we face an American election unlike any other.
- It will determine
- not only the course of the American experiment
- but the path that civilization collectively follows.
- On the left is democracy and environmental stewardship.
- On the right is fascism and planetary devastation.
- Choose wisely.
- It is not an overstatement to say, one year out, that
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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for - Biden vote - Gen z factors - adjacency - 2024 U.S. elections - Trump vs Biden - Gen Z is an important demographic
adjacency - between - 2024 U.S. elections - Trump vs Biden - Gen Z is an important demographic - adjacency statement - Gen Z can play a critical role in the 2024 U.S. elections. - Pro - they care about environment - Con - not many of them may bother voting - Challenge - reaching them with the right message
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- Jan 2024
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www.climatechangecommunication.org www.climatechangecommunication.org
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for - climate crisis - 2023 U.S. poll - demographics - climate communication - 2023 U.S. poll - demographics - climate change - 2023 U.S. poll - demographics - U.S. Hispanic / Latinos - 2023 - high concern about climate crisis - U. S. African American - 2023 - high concern about climate change - U.S. Gen Z - 2023 - high concern about climate change
Tags
- African Americans - 2023 - high concern about climate crisis
- climate change - 2023 U.S. poll - demographics
- U.S. Hispanic / Latino - 2023 - high concern about climate crisis
- U.S. Gen Z - 2023 - high concern about climate crisis
- climate crisis - 2023 U.S. poll - demographics
- climate communication - 2023 U.S. poll - demographic
Annotators
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www.climatechangecommunication.org www.climatechangecommunication.org
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for - climate crisis - 2023 U.S. poll - climate communication - 2023 U.S. poll
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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for - 2024 U.S. elections - polycrisis - 2024 U.S. elections - existential threat to civilization- climate crisis
summary - Some good points: - importance of Black and Latino voters - importance of a third party that can spoil the vote
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www.msnbc.com www.msnbc.com
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“A second Trump term is game over for the climate — really!”
for - quote - Michael Mann - quote - a Second Trump presidency - polycrisis - politics and climate crisis - climate mitigation strategy - voting in 2024 U.S. election - adjacency - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Gen Z voting
adjacency - between - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Trump's presidency is existential threat to humanity - Gen Z voting - 2024 election - adjacency statement - Michael Mann's quote " A second Trump term is game over for the climate - really" applies to the 2024 election if Trump becomes the Republican nominee. - Trumps dismal environmental record in his 2016 to 2020 term speaks for itself. He would do something similiar in 2025 if he were the president. G - Given there are only 5 years and 172 days before we hit the dangerous threshold of burning through all the carbon budget for humanity, - https://climateclock.world/ - It is questionable whether Biden's government alone can do enough, but certainly if Trump won the 2024 election, his term in office would create a regression severe enough to put the Paris Climate goal of staying within 1.5 Deg C out of reach, and risk triggering major planetary tipping points - A Biden government is evidence-based and believes in anthropogenic climate change and is already taking measures to mitigate it. A Trump government is not evidence-based and is supported by incumbent fossil fuel industry so does not have the interest of the U.S. population nor all of humanity at heart. - Hence, the 2024 U.S. election can really determine the fate of humanity. - Gen Z can play a critical role for humanity by voting against a government that would, in leading climate scientists Michael Mann's words, be game over for a stable climate, and therefore put humanity and unimaginable risk. - Gen Z can swing the vote to a government willing to deal with the climate crisis over one in climate denial so voting activists need to be alerted to this and create the right messaging to reach Gen Z - https://hyp.is/LOud7sBBEe6S0D8itLHw1A/circle.tufts.edu/latest-research/41-million-members-gen-z-will-be-eligible-vote-2024
Tags
- polycrisis - politics - climate crisis
- quote - Michael Mann
- climate mitigation strategy - voting in the 2024 U.S. election
- polycrisis - political crisis - climate crisis
- quote - A second Trump presidency - climate disaster
- adjacency - Michael Mann - 2nd Trump presidency - exceeding planetary boundaries - exceeding 1.5 Deg C - Gen Z voting
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circle.tufts.edu circle.tufts.edu
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In the next presidential election, 40.8 million members of Gen Z (ages 18-27 in 2024) will be eligible to vote,
for - Gen Z influence on 2024 US election - Trump 2024 win - an existential threat to humanity - stats - Gen Z - 2024 U.S. election
comment - Gen Z can play a role in determining the future of human civilization. How? Their vote in the upcoming 2024 U.S. election. If Donald Trump wins, it can pose an existential threat to human civilization - https://hyp.is/mwqwpsA-Ee6bAd9C2MLeKg/www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/trump-2024-presidency-climate-change-rcna131928
stats - Gen Z - 2024 U.S. election
- In the next presidential election, 40.8 million members of Gen Z (ages 18-27 in 2024) will be eligible to vote,
- including 8.3 million newly eligible youth (ages 18-19 in 2024)
- who will have aged into the electorate since the 2022 midterm election.
- These young people have tremendous potential to
- influence elections and to
- spur action on issues they care about
- if they are adequately reached and supported by parties, campaigns, and organizations.
- In the next presidential election, 40.8 million members of Gen Z (ages 18-27 in 2024) will be eligible to vote,
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www.dailykos.com www.dailykos.com
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for - climate crisis - U.S. intra-country migration - key insight - climate migration - towards disaster zones
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- Nov 2023
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www.uspto.gov www.uspto.gov
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This overarching goal is stated in the U.S. Constitution, Article I section 8, clause 8, “The Congress shall have Power ... To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.”
Then, the article quote the U.S. Constitution, Article I section 8, clause 8, and then explains that, in the 18th century, this constitutional law gave the congress the power to grant exclusive rights to authors and inventors for their work, in order to boost creativity and innovation in the USA (U.S. Const., 1787). Later, the article claims that in the 1975, the U.S. Constitution, Article I section 8, clause 8 keep having the purpose of fostering innovation and creativity in the society, throughout economic incentive. Subsequently, the article supports this statement by quoting the law "Twentieth Century Music Corp. v. Aiken," which was created in 1975 with the purpose of boosting creativity and innovation in society throughout the economic incentive of assuring that creators receive a payment for their intellectual property that equates to the cost of producing it.
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- Sep 2023
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hypothes.is hypothes.is
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"Surrendering" by Ocean Vuong
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He moved into United State when he was age of five. He first came to United State when he started kindergarten. Seven of them live in the apartment one bedroom and bathroom to share the whole. He learned ABC song and alphabet. He knows the ABC that he forgot the letter is M comes before N.
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He went to the library since he was on the recess. He was in the library hiding from the bully. The bully just came in the library doing the slight frame and soft voice in front of the kid where he sit. He left the library, he walked to the middle of the schoolyard started calling him the pansy and fairy. He knows the American flag that he recognize on the microphone against the backdrop.
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Tags
- Weeks earlier, I’d been in the library. It was where I would hide during recess. Otherwise, because of my slight frame and soft voice, the boys would call me “pansy” and “fairy” and pull my shorts around my ankles in the middle of the schoolyard. I sat on the floor beside a tape player. From a box of cassettes, I chose one labelled “Great American Speeches.” I picked it because of the illustration, a microphone against a backdrop of the American flag. I picked it because the American flag was one of the few symbols I recognized.
- My family immigrated to the U.S. from Vietnam in 1990, when I was two. We lived, all seven of us, in a one-bedroom apartment in Hartford, Connecticut, and I spent my first five years in America surrounded, inundated, by the Vietnamese language. When I entered kindergarten, I was, in a sense, immigrating all over again, except this time into English. Like any American child, I quickly learned my ABCs, thanks to the age-old melody (one I still sing rapidly to myself when I forget whether “M” comes before “N”). Within a few years, I had become fluent—but only in speech, not in the written word.
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- Jan 2023
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High Country News, Rebecca Nagle reported that for every dollar the U.S. government spent on eradicating Native languages in past centuries, it has spent less than 7 cents on revitalizing them in the 21st century.
!- United States indigenous language : ststistic - US Govt spent less than 7 cents for every dolloar spent eradicating indigenous language in the past - Citation : report by Rebecca Nagle in the High Country News: https://www.hcn.org/issues/51.21-22/indigenous-affairs-the-u-s-has-spent-more-money-erasing-native-languages-than-saving-them
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- Dec 2022
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
- Jun 2022
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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teachingamericanhistory.org teachingamericanhistory.org
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https://teachingamericanhistory.org/document/patrick-henry-virginia-ratifying-convention-va/
While gerrymandering isn't brought up explicitly here, the underlying principles are railed against heavily.
Some interesting things applicable to the rise of Donald J. Trump hiding in here.
Interesting to read this in its historical context versus our present context. So much can be read into his words from our current context, while others can extract dramatically different views--particularly by Constitutional originalists.
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- Dec 2021
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learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com
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The framers of the US Constitution, for example, were quiteexplicitly anti-democratic and made clear in their own publicstatements that they designed the Federal Government in largepart to head off the risk of ‘democracy’ breaking out in one ofthe former colonies (they were particularly worried aboutPennsylvania). Meanwhile, actual direct democratic decision-making had been practised regularly in various parts of Africaor Amazonia, or for that matter in Russian or French peasantassemblies, for thousands of years; see Graeber 2007b.
To most Americans today, this in an incredibly radical statement. Worth pulling up the reference and seeing the evidence on this.
Given the reference, this is more attributable to David Graeber.
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- Jul 2021
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Snopes.com. “No, There Weren’t More COVID-19 Vaccine Deaths Than COVID-19 Deaths.” Accessed July 23, 2021. https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/covid-vax-deaths-vs-covid-deaths/.
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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“Analysis | Fox News’s Dismissive Vaccine Coverage Is Particularly Dangerous for Its Relatively Old Audience.” Washington Post. Accessed July 19, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/07/16/fox-newss-dismissive-vaccine-coverage-is-particularly-dangerous-its-relatively-old-audience/.
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californiasciencecenter.org californiasciencecenter.org
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California Science Center. ...“...If Vaccines Are Safe and Effective?” Accessed July 2, 2021. https://californiasciencecenter.org//funlab/ever-wonder/2021-05-26/if-vaccines-are-safe-and-effective.
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- May 2021
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www.kff.org www.kff.org
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KFF. “KFF COVID-19 Vaccine Monitor – April 2021,” May 6, 2021. https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/poll-finding/kff-covid-19-vaccine-monitor-april-2021/.
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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EDITORS, T. (n.d.). Too Many Black Americans Are Dying from COVID-19. Scientific American. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0820-8
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Daly, M., & Robinson, E. (2020). Psychological distress and adaptation to the COVID-19 crisis in the United States [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/79f5v
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Anderson-Carpenter, K. D., & Neal, Z. (2020). Racial disparities in COVID-19 impacts in Michigan, USA [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v2jda
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www.latimes.com www.latimes.com
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Facebook, Twitter, options, S. more sharing, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Email, URLCopied!, C. L., & Print. (2020, July 22). 16% of U.S. museums say they risk closing forever in a prolonged pandemic. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2020-07-22/museums-risk-closing-permanently-covid-pandemic
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www.nbcnews.com www.nbcnews.com
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U.S. hits highest single day of new coronavirus cases with more than 45,500, breaking April record. (n.d.). NBC News. Retrieved June 26, 2020, from https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/u-s-hits-highest-single-day-coronavirus-cases-36-358-n1232065
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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Lewis, T. (n.d.). COVID-19 Spit Tests Used by NBA Are Now Authorized by FDA. Scientific American. Retrieved August 24, 2020, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/covid-19-spit-tests-used-by-nba-are-now-authorized-by-fda/
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Washington, M. D. S. K. in, & London, S. B. in. (2020, June 3). Surgisphere: Governments and WHO changed Covid-19 policy based on suspect data from tiny US company. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/03/covid-19-surgisphere-who-world-health-organization-hydroxychloroquine
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Rigoli, F. (2020). The link between coronavirus, anxiety, and religious beliefs in the United States and United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/wykeq
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www.pnas.org www.pnas.org
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Xie, W., Campbell, S., & Zhang, W. (2020). Working memory capacity predicts individual differences in social-distancing compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008868117
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- Mar 2021
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United Airlines warns 36,000 workers they could be laid off. (2020, July 8). AP NEWS. https://apnews.com/b8ec22960abe7615cba23c07f577baef
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Mull, A. (2020, June 15). The High Cost of Panic-Moving. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/06/pandemic-cities-moving-remote-work/613069/
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Wallace-Wells, D. (2020, July 9). America Is Refusing to Learn How to Fight the Coronavirus. Intelligencer. https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/07/coronavirus-case-numbers-surge-in-texas-and-arizona.html
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www.mediaite.com www.mediaite.com
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Number of Republicans Leaving the House Hits Pandemic High. (2020, July 7). Mediaite. https://www.mediaite.com/news/number-of-republicans-who-say-theyre-socializing-amid-pandemic-rises-even-as-more-democrats-stay-home-survey/
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cityobservatory.org cityobservatory.org
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City Observatory - Coronavirus in L.A. County: Separating Fact from Fiction. (2020, May 28). City Observatory. http://cityobservatory.org/coronavirus-in-l-a-county-separating-fact-from-fiction/
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www.rollingstone.com www.rollingstone.com
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Dickinson, T., & Dickinson, T. (2020, May 10). The Four Men Responsible For America’s COVID-19 Test Disaster. Rolling Stone. https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-features/covid-19-test-trump-admin-failed-disaster-995930/
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stm.sciencemag.org stm.sciencemag.org
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Silverman, J. D., Hupert, N., & Washburne, A. D. (2020). Using influenza surveillance networks to estimate state-specific prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States. Science Translational Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abc1126
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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Florida, N. E. D. E. D. is an assistant professor of biostatistics at the U. of. (n.d.). Perspective | Trump loves the ‘low’ daily death rate for covid. It won’t last. Washington Post. Retrieved July 22, 2020, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/trump-loves-the-low-daily-death-rate-for-covid-it-wont-last/2020/07/17/1cdfe752-c79d-11ea-b037-f9711f89ee46_story.html
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Coronavirus’ spread in GOP territory, explained in 6 charts. (2020, June 30). AP NEWS. https://apnews.com/7aa2fcf7955333834e01a7f9217c77d2
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Times, T. N. Y. (n.d.). Coronavirus in the U.S.: Latest Map and Case Count. The New York Times. Retrieved June 26, 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/coronavirus-us-cases.html
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www.texastribune.org www.texastribune.org
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News, C. O., ProPublica and Mike Hixenbaugh, NBC. (2020, July 8). An increase in people dying at home suggests coronavirus deaths in Houston may be higher than reported. The Texas Tribune. https://www.texastribune.org/2020/07/08/houston-coronavirus-deaths-number/
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- Jun 2020
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drive.google.com drive.google.com
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By September 17, 1787, delegates i n Philadelphia had extracted “slave” and “slavery” f rom the signed US Constitution to hide their racist e nslavement policies. These policies hardly fit with securing “the Blessing of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity.”
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signal.org signal.org
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Some large tech behemoths could hypothetically shoulder the enormous financial burden of handling hundreds of new lawsuits if they suddenly became responsible for the random things their users say, but it would not be possible for a small nonprofit like Signal to continue to operate within the United States. Tech companies and organizations may be forced to relocate, and new startups may choose to begin in other countries instead.
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www.militarytimes.com www.militarytimes.com
- Feb 2020
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www.shestokas.com www.shestokas.com
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- Aug 2019
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www.heritage.org www.heritage.org
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Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., with his “Medicare for All” legislation—suggest Americans would enjoy a health care utopia if only the government took over.
I feel there will be to much regulation to go through
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www.dailykos.com www.dailykos.com
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third of Americans reported they didn’t go to the doctor
Then they must have died of some type of sickness
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The United States is the wealthiest nation
Then why are so much debt
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by Blahous’s own estimates that single-payer would save Americans more than $2 trillion over a decade.
That's impossible
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Funding for his plan is still being debated, but he has come up with multiple suggestions that could be passed.
We are already into debt
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Medicare eligibility age would be lowered to 55, second year to 45, third year to 35, and fourth year everyone would be covered.
If they were to pass it they would have to do this.
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You will not be able to keep the insurance you have
There goes one flaw in doing that
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tudies show that costs would be between $25 Trillion and $32 Trillion over 10 years. YouGov/Economist Poll, April 2-4, 2017 $32 Trillion sounds like quite a high number.
The government seems that they are afraid of doing it because they might go in debt.
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Removing the current system would a gigantic task.
There risk with changing the system of the U.S.
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That is approximately $10,739 per person.
That is expensiveness for a middle class family
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ObamaCare, is the product of a Conservative Think-Tank. 60% of citizens get private insurance from their employers, 15% receive Medicare (65 and older), and the federal gov’t funds Medicaid for low-income families (the allocation to this fund has been declining).
Lucky, Trump removed that
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United States and its Health care: The gov’t has some government-run programs and private insurance.
U.S. health care system
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Switzerland has mandatory health insurance that covers all residents.
Almost like the U.S.
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France has a mandatory health insurance system that covers 75% of health care spending.
Even France covers there people health insurance but more than Canada
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Canada pays for services provided by a private delivery system. The gov’t pays for 70% of the care.
Canada pay for the most of there peoples insurance
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Countries that Provide Universal Healthcare 32 out of 33 developed countries in the world have universal health care.
As far as health care the united state is the worse at it.
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- Oct 2018
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cnx.org cnx.org
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Federalism has the capability of being both bad and good. It just depends who you ask. On one side the advantages of fedaralism is it creates more effectiveness and makes the government stable. On the other hand federalism is risky it gets expensive, lead to a complex tax system and is slow in responses to crisis.
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- Nov 2017
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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"While the unresolved conflict with Iraq provides the immediate justification" for the US "to play a more permanent role in Gulf regional security," "the need for a substantial American force presence in the Gulf transcends the issue of the regime of Saddam Hussein."
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www.loc.gov www.loc.gov
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On March 20, 2003, the United States began military action against Iraq for the stated purpose of deposing Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein and preventing his use of suspected nuclear weapons (weapons of mass destruction)
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www.washingtonpost.com www.washingtonpost.com
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U.S. faces a hard set of choices, in a context shadowed by conflicting imperatives and the agendas of other regional powers. One can understand the caution shown by the administration -- at least as much as the zeal of those who want the U.S. to be embroiled in the region once more.
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American power and Washington's ability to reshape facts on the ground. Petraeus's "Mosul model" is now just one more forgotten chapter in a long, bloody journey that began in 2003. The wishful thinking of U.S. leadership in Iraq was on display in the build-up to the war, when its main proponents showed little appreciation for the resources and troops the U.S. would have to deploy in a near-decade long occupation
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www.cfr.org www.cfr.org
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Thirty-eight U.S. troops die, along with six Iraqi soldiers. The Pentagon estimates 1,200 insurgents are killed, and the Red Cross says eight hundred Iraqi civilians die with them.
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In January 2004, David Kay, the former top U.S. weapons inspector, tells Congress: "We were almost all wrong." A presidential commission concludes in March 2005 "not one bit" of prewar intelligence on Iraqi weapons of mass destruction panned out
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Acting on tips from the dictator's bodyguard and family members, U.S. troops find Saddam Hussein hiding out in a one-man hole near his boyhood home of Tikrit.
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U.S., British, and other coalition forces quickly overwhelm the Iraqi Army, though elements loyal to Saddam Hussein who will form the core of a postwar insurgency fight on
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President Bush announces U.S. forces have begun a military operation into Iraq. "These are opening stages of what will be a broad and concerted campaign," the president says
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www.e-ir.info www.e-ir.info
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the events leading up to the 2003 invasion only go half way to explain why the US chose to launch this campaign, and in order to understand the complex and multidimensional factors contributing to the Bush administration’s decision to invade Iraq, one must go back further and examine pre 9/11 US policy. Likewise, the official and publically stated reasons for military action only go some way to explain the invasion, and one must look at the unofficial factors and goals which were determinants of equal importance.
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www.britannica.com www.britannica.com
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Americans believed that the initial decision to go to war in 2003 was the right one, and an even smaller number still supported the administration’s handling of the situation in Iraq.
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American opinions on the war sometimes crossed traditional party lines and doctrinal affiliation, with many to the right of the avowedly conservative Bush seeing the war as an act of reckless internationalism and some to the political left—appalled by the Baʿthist regime’s brutal human rights violations and its consistent aggression—giving grudging support to military action
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American cities in the lead-up to the invasion, many opinion polls showed considerable support for military action against Iraq before and during the war
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deaths of U.S. troops soared thereafter, reaching some 1,000 by the time of the U.S. presidential election in November 2004 and surpassing 3,000 in early 2007; in addition, several hundred soldiers from other coalition countries have been killed
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- Oct 2015
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I. Introduction
Study Questions:
What do Daniel Shays and his followers want? How do they see their efforts as an extension of the Revolution?
Describe the split in the Constitutional Convention over representation. How was it resolved?
What were some of the disagreements between by the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists in the debates over ratification of the Constitution?
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