- Nov 2024
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Local file Local file
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The architect of the Official PovertyMeasure—the poverty line—was a bureaucrat working at the SocialSecurity Administration named Mollie Orshansky.
Naturally, we will have to mention:<br /> The West Wing S3.E8 "The Indians in the Lobby"<br /> https://m.imdb.com/title/tt0745696/
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www.zylstra.org www.zylstra.org
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How to Spot Emerging Note Clusters Without Alphanumeric Note Numbering? by [[Ton Zijlstra]] in Interdependent Thoughts
I recall Bob Doto had a video at some point in which he used the local graph to show relationships to find bunches of notes for potentially writing pieces or articles as indicated in Tons' article.
One of the biggest issues with digital note taking tools is that they don't make it easy to see and identify chains of notes which might make for articles, chapters, or books.
Surely there must be some way to calculate neighborhoods of notes from a topological perspective? Perhaps if one imposed a measure on the space to create relative distances of notes?
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- Oct 2024
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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30:38 Money is not a physical object. It is a UNIT OF MEASURE
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- Aug 2024
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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if we lose the Green and Ice Sheet, or the AMOC, it would be a complete disaster. So, you cannot measure it economically, it's an infinite parameter. So then, if the probability, even if the probability is low, if you multiply a low probability with an infinite impact, then risks are also infinitely high.
for - planetary emergency - risk analysis
planetary emergency - risk analysis - risk = probability x impact - If impact is high, then even low probability x high impact means high risk - If AMOC or Greenland icesheet melts, the impact is so high that it is not even economically measurable
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- Mar 2023
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www.liberation.fr www.liberation.fr
- Nov 2022
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stats.stackexchange.com stats.stackexchange.com
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The random process has outcomes
Notation of a random process that has outcomes
The "universal set" aka "sample space" of all possible outcomes is sometimes denoted by \(U\), \(S\), or \(\Omega\): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_space
Probability theory & measure theory
From what I recall, the notation, \(\Omega\), was mainly used in higher-level grad courses on probability theory. ie, when trying to frame things in probability theory as a special case of measure theory things/ideas/processes. eg, a probability space, \((\cal{F}, \Omega, P)\) where \(\cal{F}\) is a \(\sigma\text{-field}\) aka \(\sigma\text{-algebra}\) and \(P\) is a probability density function on any element of \(\cal{F}\) and \(P(\Omega)=1.\)
Somehow, the definition of a sigma-field captures the notion of what we want out of something that's measurable, but it's unclear to me why so let's see where writing through this takes me.
Working through why a sigma-algebra yields a coherent notion of measureable
A sigma-algebra \(\cal{F}\) on a set \(\Omega\) is defined somewhat close to the definition of a topology \(\tau\) on some space \(X\). They're both collections of sub-collections of the set/space of reference (ie, \(\tau \sub 2^X\) and \(\cal{F} \sub 2^\Omega\)). Also, they're both defined to contain their underlying set/space (ie, \(X \in \tau\) and \(\Omega \in \cal{F}\)).
Additionally, they both contain the empty set but for (maybe) different reasons, definitionally. For a topology, it's simply defined to contain both the whole space and the empty set (ie, \(X \in \tau\) and \(\empty \in \tau\)). In a sigma-algebra's case, it's defined to be closed under complements, so since \(\Omega \in \cal{F}\) the complement must also be in \(\cal{F}\)... but the complement of the universal set \(\Omega\) is the empty set, so \(\empty \in \cal{F}\).
I think this might be where the similarity ends, since a topology need not be closed under complements (but probably has a special property when it is, although I'm not sure what; oh wait, the complement of open is closed in topology, so it'd be clopen! Not sure what this would really entail though 🤷♀️). Moreover, a topology is closed under arbitrary unions (which includes uncountable), but a sigma-algebra is closed under countable unions. Hmm... Maybe this restriction to countable unions is what gives a coherent notion of being measurable? I suspect it also has to do with Banach-Tarski paradox. ie, cutting a sphere into 5 pieces and rearranging in a clever way so that you get 2 sphere's that each have the volume of the original sphere; I mean, WTF, if 1 sphere's volume equals the volume of 2 sphere's, then we're definitely not able to measure stuff any more.
And now I'm starting to vaguely recall that this what sigma-fields essentially outlaw/ban from being possible. It's also related to something important in measure theory called a Lebeque measure, although I'm not really sure what that is (something about doing a Riemann integral but picking the partition on the y-axis/codomain instead of on the x-axis/domain, maybe?)
And with that, I think I've got some intuition about how fundamental sigma-algebras are to letting us handle probability and uncertainty.
Back to probability theory
So then events like \(E_1\) and \(E_2\) that are elements of the set of sub-collections, \(\cal{F}\), of the possibility space \(\Omega\). Like, maybe \(\Omega\) is the set of all possible outcomes of rolling 2 dice, but \(E_1\) could be a simple event (ie, just one outcome like rolling a 2) while \(E_2\) could be a compound(?) event (ie, more than one, like rolling an even number). Notably, \(E_1\) & \(E_2\) are NOT elements of the sample space \(\Omega\); they're elements of the powerset of our possibility space (ie, the set of all possible subsets of \(\Omega\) denoted by \(2^\Omega\)). So maybe this explains why the "closed under complements" is needed; if you roll a 2, you should also be able to NOT roll a 2. And the property that a sigma-algebra must "contain the whole space" might be what's needed to give rise to a notion of a complete measure (conjecture about complete measures: everything in the measurable space can be assigned a value where that part of the measurable space does, in fact, represent some constitutive part of the whole).
But what about these "random events"?
Ah, so that's where random variables come into play (and probably why in probability theory they prefer to use \(\Omega\) for the sample space instead of \(X\) like a base space in topology). There's a function, that is, a mapping from outcomes of this "random event" (eg, a role of 2 dice) to a space in which we can associate (ie, assign) a sense of distance (ie, our sigma-algebra). What confuses me is that we see things like "\(P(X=x)\)" which we interpret as "probability that our random variable, \(X\), ends up being some particular outcome \(x\)." But it's also said that \(X\) is a real-valued function, ie, takes some arbitrary elements (eg, events like rolling an even number) and assigns them a real number (ie, some \(x \in \mathbb{R}\)).
Aha! I think I recall the missing link: the notation "\(X=x\)" is really a shorthand for "\(X(\omega)=x\)" where \(\omega \in \cal{F}\). But something that still feels unreconciled is that our probability metric, \(P\), is just taking some real value to another real value... So which one is our sigma-algebra, the inputs of \(P\) or the inputs of \(X\)? 🤔 Hmm... Well, I guess it has the be the set of elements that \(X\) is mapping into \(\mathbb{R}\) since \(X\text{'s}\) input is a small omega \(\omega\) (which is probably an element of big omega \(\Omega\) based on the conventions of small notation being elements of big notation), so \(X\text{'s}\) domain much be the sigma-algrebra?
Let's try to generate a plausible example of this in action... Maybe something with an inequality like "\(X\ge 1\)". Okay, yeah, how about \(X\) is a random variable for the random process of how long it takes a customer to get through a grocery line. So \(X\) is mapping the elements of our sigma-algebra (ie, what customers actually end up experiencing in the real world) into a subset of the reals, namely \([0,\infty)\) because their time in line could be 0 minutes or infinite minutes (geesh, 😬 what a life that would be, huh?). Okay, so then I can ask a question like "What's the probability that \(X\) takes on a value greater than or equal to 1 minute?" which I think translates to "\(P\left(X(\omega)\ge 1\right)\)" which is really attempting to model this whole "random event" of "What's gonna happen to a particular person on average?"
So this makes me wonder... Is this fact that \(X\) can model this "random event" (at all) what people mean when they say something is a stochastic model? That there's a probability distribution it generates which affords us some way of dealing with navigating the uncertainty of the "random event"? If so, then sigma-algebras seem to serve as a kind of gateway and/or foundation into specific cognitive practices (ie, learning to think & reason probabilistically) that affords us a way out of being overwhelmed by our anxiety or fear and can help us reclaim some agency and autonomy in situations with uncertainty.
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- Sep 2022
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Local file Local file
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Khinchin, Aleksandr Yakovlevich. Continued Fractions. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964.
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The mostcommon relative poverty measure is one that counts individuals as poor if theyfall below one-half of a country’s median income.4
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- Aug 2022
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securingdemocracy.gmfus.org securingdemocracy.gmfus.org
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Schafer, B. (2021, October 5). RT Deutsch Finds a Home with Anti-Vaccination Skeptics in Germany. Alliance For Securing Democracy. https://securingdemocracy.gmfus.org/rt-deutsch-youtube-antivaccination-germany/
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www.t-online.de www.t-online.de
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Hunderte Menschen protestierten gegen Corona-Maßnahmen. (2021, November 28). www.t-online.de. https://www.t-online.de/-/91225726
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Pagel, C., & McKee, M. (2021, October 7). Why is England doing worse against Covid than its European neighbours? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/07/england-vaccine-just-plus-europe-covid
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www.spectator.co.uk www.spectator.co.uk
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Kulldorff, M. (2021, October 12). Covid, lockdown and the retreat of scientific debate | The Spectator. https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/covid-lockdown-and-the-retreat-of-scientific-debate
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Gelfand, M., Li, R., Stamkou, E., Pieper, D., Denison, E., Fernandez, J., Choi, V. K., Chatman, J., Jackson, J. C., & Dimant, E. (2021). Persuading Republicans and Democrats to Comply with Mask Wearing: An Intervention Tournament. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/6gjh8
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, December 16). RT @MadsAlbertsen85: #Omicron update from Denmark. Omicron cases on the 12th of December adjusted up to 20.5% (+2%). Omicron is now having… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1471516083819462670
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, December 22). RT @chrishendel: We need increased targeted measures now to slow the spread of #Omicron by @DrSarahHal via @bmj_latest https://t.co/3Tx… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1473987200509521925
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Covid: Dutch go into Christmas lockdown over Omicron wave. (2021, December 18). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-59713503
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- Mar 2022
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www.tagesanzeiger.ch www.tagesanzeiger.ch
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Brupbacher, M., & Vögeli, P. (2022, January 31). Wegen Corona-Massnahmen – Die Masern sind in der Schweiz verschwunden – bleibt das so? Tages-Anzeiger. https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/die-masern-sind-in-der-schweiz-verschwunden-bleibt-das-so-164628795215
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- Feb 2022
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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indie_SAGE. (2022, February 11). Indie_SAGE 11.02.2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GC9QsKfrNc
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gothamist.com gothamist.com
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How cherry-picking science became the center of the anti-mask movement. (2022, February 14). Gothamist. https://gothamist.com
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Peter R. Hansen. (2022, February 3). Weighting, is the answer. The only study to find lockdowns ⬆️mortality is given weight 91.8% = 7390/8030, and then you get -0.2% to be the estimate. To summarize: -0.2% META-STUDY ESTIMATE is based on 91.8% ONE STUDY and 8.2% ALL OTHER STUDIES. https://t.co/j6e7ziPNAI [Tweet]. @ProfPHansen. https://twitter.com/ProfPHansen/status/1489366528956919808
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Andersen, D. B., Petersen, M. B., Midtgaard, S. F., Højlund, A.-S. G., Lippert-Rasmussen, K., & Pedersen, V. M. L. (2021). Collective paternalism and vaccination programmes. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/5hvqc
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- Jan 2022
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leger360.com leger360.com
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The Spread of the Omicron Variant and Vaccine Effectiveness—January 11, 2022. (2022, January 11). Leger. https://leger360.com/surveys/legers-north-american-tracker-january-11-2022/
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Barry McAree 💙. (2022, January 6). Teachers on these islands will get FFP2(rightly so).Healthcare workers on other parts of these islands..nah!..Surgical masks/spit guards/not PPE,for working with COVID-positive patients risking other patient’s, our own & our family’s health.”Protect the NHS”🤔@CMO_England https://t.co/OngrD5BBPU [Tweet]. @BarryMcAree. https://twitter.com/BarryMcAree/status/1478883258305814536
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- Dec 2021
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www.statnews.com www.statnews.com
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10 lessons I’ve learned from the Covid–19 pandemic. (2021, December 28). STAT. https://www.statnews.com/2021/12/28/10-lessons-ive-learned-from-the-covid-19-pandemic/
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Sridhar, D. (2021, December 9). Plan B shows Britain is still chasing Covid. Here’s how we can get ahead of it. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/dec/09/plan-b-britain-covid-omicron-vaccinating-travel
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- Nov 2021
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Gregory, A., & editor, A. G. H. (2021, November 18). Mask-wearing cuts Covid incidence by 53%, says global study. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/nov/17/wearing-masks-single-most-effective-way-to-tackle-covid-study-finds
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twitter.com twitter.com
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WHO/Europe. (2021, October 19). Are you a Mask Master? 😷 Take this quick quiz to find out 👉 https://bit.ly/3jbn5iS Wearing a well-fitted mask, along with practicing other prevention measures, is an important part of slowing the spread of #COVID19 High quiz scores = Mask Master badge 🎖 https://t.co/0PzSsgsBfD [Tweet]. @WHO_Europe. https://twitter.com/WHO_Europe/status/1450451677098790916
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news.harvard.edu news.harvard.edu
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Writer, L. M. H. S. (2021, March 25). Harvard experts discuss the history of social distancing. Harvard Gazette. https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2021/03/harvard-experts-discuss-the-history-of-social-distancing/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Manoochehri, M., Šrol, J., Asl, F. A., Mehdinasab, M., & Akhoundi, Z. (2021). Association of Mental Fatigue due to Long-term Restrictive Measures with Reasoning: A COVID-19 Study. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/4yme9
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www.medpagetoday.com www.medpagetoday.com
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Tennessee Bills Would Shield Docs Who Spread COVID Misinformation. (2021, October 29). https://www.medpagetoday.com/special-reports/exclusives/95355
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twitter.com twitter.com
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ReconfigBehSci. (2021, October 30). Does there maybe need to be more distinction between points raised for discussion and any actual decision? Without knowing about votes etc., it’s maybe a bit strong to say ‘JCVI wanted x...’? I’ve sat on many bodies with minutes documenting positions I disagreed with [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1454488759785897987
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- Oct 2021
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
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Indie_SAGE - YouTube. (n.d.). Retrieved 31 October 2021, from https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqqwC56XTP8F9zeEUCOttPQ
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Reicher, S. (2021, October 28). Covid measures give us choice. They are not restrictions on British life. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/oct/28/covid-measures-choice-restrictions-science-freedom-infections-safe
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Sonabend, R., Whittles, L. K., Imai, N., Perez-Guzman, P. N., Knock, E. S., Rawson, T., Gaythorpe, K. A. M., Djaafara, B. A., Hinsley, W., FitzJohn, R. G., Lees, J. A., Kanapram, D. T., Volz, E. M., Ghani, A. C., Ferguson, N. M., Baguelin, M., & Cori, A. (2021). Non-pharmaceutical interventions, vaccination, and the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in England: A mathematical modelling study. The Lancet, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02276-5
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Meuris, C., Kremer, C., Geerinck, A., Locquet, M., Bruyère, O., Defêche, J., Meex, C., Hayette, M.-P., Duchene, L., Dellot, P., Azarzar, S., Maréchal, N., Sauvage, A.-S., Frippiat, F., Giot, J.-B., Léonard, P., Fombellida, K., Moutschen, M., Durkin, K., … Darcis, G. (2021). Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 After COVID-19 Screening and Mitigation Measures for Primary School Children Attending School in Liège, Belgium. JAMA Network Open, 4(10), e2128757. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28757
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Davis, N. (2021, October 22). Act early on rising UK Covid cases or face harsher measures, Sage experts warn. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2021/oct/22/act-early-on-rising-uk-covid-cases-rise-or-face-harsher-measures-experts-warn
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Peeples, L. (2021). COVID reinfections likely within one or two years, models propose. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02825-8
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Mlcochova, P., Kemp, S. A., Dhar, M. S., Papa, G., Meng, B., Ferreira, I. A. T. M., Datir, R., Collier, D. A., Albecka, A., Singh, S., Pandey, R., Brown, J., Zhou, J., Goonawardane, N., Mishra, S., Whittaker, C., Mellan, T., Marwal, R., Datta, M., … Gupta, R. K. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant replication and immune evasion. Nature, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03944-y
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www.pnas.org www.pnas.org
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Chu, J. S. G., & Evans, J. A. (2021). Slowed canonical progress in large fields of science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(41). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021636118
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covid19scenariomodelinghub.org covid19scenariomodelinghub.org
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Home - COVID 19 scenario model hub. (n.d.). Retrieved July 5, 2021, from https://covid19scenariomodelinghub.org/
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english.elpais.com english.elpais.com
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Salas, M. Z., Javier. (2020, October 28). A room, a bar and a classroom: how the coronavirus is spread through the air. EL PAÍS. https://english.elpais.com/society/2020-10-28/a-room-a-bar-and-a-class-how-the-coronavirus-is-spread-through-the-air.html
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- Sep 2021
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www.acpjournals.org www.acpjournals.org
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Moghadas, S. M., Sah, P., Shoukat, A., Meyers, L. A., & Galvani, A. P. (2021). Population Immunity Against COVID-19 in the United States. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/M21-2721
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www.frontiersin.org www.frontiersin.org
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Abadi, D., Arnaldo, I., & Fischer, A. (2021). Anxious and Angry: Emotional Responses to the COVID-19 Threat. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 676116. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.676116
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- Aug 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Constant, A., Conserve, D. F., Gallopel-Morvan, K., & Raude, J. (2021). Acceptance of COVID-19 preventive measures as a tradeoff between health and social outcomes. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ytz8p
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www.microcovid.org www.microcovid.org
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MicroCOVID Project. (n.d.). Retrieved August 11, 2021, from https://www.microcovid.org
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- Jul 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Warmerdam, R., Wiersma, H. H., Lanting, P., Dijkema, M. X. L., Vonk, J. M., Boezen, M. H. M., Deelen, P., & Franke, L. (2021). Increased genetic contribution to wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uksxt
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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Is Your Office Safe from COVID? What to Know Now That Your Boss Wants You Back—Scientific American. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2021, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-your-office-safe-from-covid-what-to-know-now-that-your-boss-wants-you-back1/
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- Jun 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Mills, F., Symons, D. C., & Carter, D. H. (2021). Exploring the Role of Enforcement in Promoting Adherence with Protective Behaviours During COVID-19. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/89sj3
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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V Shah, A. S., Gribben, C., Bishop, J., Hanlon, P., Caldwell, D., Wood, R., Reid, M., McMenamin, J., Goldberg, D., Stockton, D., Hutchinson, S., Robertson, C., McKeigue, P. M., Colhoun, H. M., & McAllister, D. A. (2021). Effect of vaccination on transmission of COVID-19: An observational study in healthcare workers and their households [Preprint]. Public and Global Health. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.11.21253275
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- May 2021
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Soo, Z. (2021, May 14). Singapore tightens COVID-19 measures, travel bubble unlikely. Coronavirus. https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/singapore-tightens-covid-19-measures-travel-bubble-unlikely-1.5427967
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Dr. Tom Frieden. (2021, April 30). Globally, the end of the pandemic isn’t near. More than a million lives depend on improving our response quickly. Don’t be blinded by the light at the end of the tunnel. There isn’t enough vaccine and the virus is gathering strength & speed. Global cooperation is crucial. 1/ [Tweet]. @DrTomFrieden. https://twitter.com/DrTomFrieden/status/1388172436999376899
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Kit Yates. (2021, May 1). Just hypothetically, if it were possible, if you could go back to January 2020 would you prefer to do what New Zealand did or what the U.K. did to ‘manage the pandemic’? [Tweet]. @Kit_Yates_Maths. https://twitter.com/Kit_Yates_Maths/status/1388375916900933633
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science.sciencemag.org science.sciencemag.org
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Pavelka, M., Van-Zandvoort, K., Abbott, S., Sherratt, K., Majdan, M., Group†, C. C.-19 working, Analýz†, I. Z., Jarčuška, P., Krajčí, M., Flasche, S., & Funk, S. (2021). The impact of population-wide rapid antigen testing on SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Slovakia. Science, 372(6542), 635–641. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf9648
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www.wsj.com www.wsj.com
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Pancevski, B. (2020, December 6). Long a Holdout From Covid-19 Restrictions, Sweden Ends Its Pandemic Experiment. Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/long-a-holdout-from-covid-19-restrictions-sweden-ends-its-pandemic-experiment-11607261658
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Gayle, C. S. (now); D., Marsh, S., Rawlinson, K., Sullivan, H., Doherty (earlier), B., Boffey, D., & Smith, H. (2020, November 16). Sweden limits public gatherings to eight people – as it happened. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2020/nov/16/coronavirus-live-news-us-confirms-1m-cases-in-a-week-boris-johnson-selfisolating?page=with%3Ablock-5fb28c538f082807d3a4fcaa
Tags
- lang:en
- COVID-19
- restriction
- people
- death
- control
- prime minister
- lockdown
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- infection
- case
- death rate
- is:blog
- measure
- Sweden
- public
- limit
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Annotators
URL
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www.swissinfo.ch www.swissinfo.ch
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Keystone-SDA/gw. (n.d.). Emergency care workers urge Swiss government to act as Covid cases soar. SWI Swissinfo.Ch. Retrieved 1 March 2021, from https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/emergency-care-workers-urge-swiss-government-to-act-as-covid-cases-surge/46103186
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www.reuters.com www.reuters.com
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Revill, J. (2020, October 18). Swiss tighten measures to combat COVID-19 second wave. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-swiss-idUKKBN2730G4
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Covid One Year Ago on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 3 March 2021, from https://twitter.com/YearCovid/status/1367044325054423041
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- Mar 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Speyer, L. G., Marryat, L., & Auyeung, B. (2021). Effects of COVID-19 Public Health Safety Measures on Births in Scotland between March and May 2020. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7c5nf
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Biggs, A. T., & Littlejohn, L. F. (2021). Revisiting the initial COVID-19 pandemic projections. The Lancet Microbe, 2(3), e91–e92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00029-X
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Bi, Qifang, Justin Lessler, Isabella Eckerle, Stephen A. Lauer, Laurent Kaiser, Nicolas Vuilleumier, Derek AT Cummings, et al. “Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: Insights from a Population-Based Serological Survey.” MedRxiv, January 16, 2021, 2020.11.04.20225573. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.04.20225573.
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Levine-Tiefenbrun, M., Yelin, I., Uriel, H., Kuint, J., Schreiber, L., Herzel, E., Katz, R., Ben-Tov, A., Patalon, T., Chodick, G., & Kishony, R. (2020). Association of COVID-19 RT-qPCR test false-negative rate with patient age, sex and time since diagnosis. MedRxiv, 2020.10.30.20222935. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.30.20222935
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CNN, S. A. (n.d.). Here’s everything you need to know about social distancing. CNN. Retrieved 1 March 2021, from https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/21/health/social-distancing-coronavirus-faq-wellness-trnd/index.html
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- Feb 2021
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journals.plos.org journals.plos.org
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Anderson, S. C., Edwards, A. M., Yerlanov, M., Mulberry, N., Stockdale, J. E., Iyaniwura, S. A., Falcao, R. C., Otterstatter, M. C., Irvine, M. A., Janjua, N. Z., Coombs, D., & Colijn, C. (2020). Quantifying the impact of COVID-19 control measures using a Bayesian model of physical distancing. PLOS Computational Biology, 16(12), e1008274. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008274
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- Oct 2020
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www.bbc.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk
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Covid: Scots told to prepare for “digital Christmas.” (2020, October 22). BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-54643340
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Lombardy coronavirus cases more than double in one day to 4,126. (2020, October 21). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/21/lombardy-coronavirus-cases-more-than-double-in-one-day-to-4126
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www.bristolpost.co.uk www.bristolpost.co.uk
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Shepherd, D. (2020, October 18). People will be “afraid” to report symptoms due to huge fines. BristolLive. https://www.bristolpost.co.uk/news/bristol-news/bristol-university-professor-fears-people-4617695
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Dr Nisreen Alwan 🌻 on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved October 25, 2020, from https://twitter.com/Dr2NisreenAlwan/status/1318078710952714242
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Schiermeier, Q., Else, H., Mega, E. R., Padma, T. V., & Gaind, N. (2020). What it’s really like to do science amid COVID-19. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02815-2
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news.sky.com news.sky.com
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Coronavirus excess fatalities: How pandemic is impacting the lives and deaths of those who don’t have COVID. (n.d.). Sky News. Retrieved October 15, 2020, from https://news.sky.com/story/coronavirus-excess-fatalities-how-pandemic-is-impacting-the-lives-and-deaths-of-those-who-dont-have-covid-12103141
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iaap-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com iaap-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
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Tong, K. K., Chen, J. H., Yu, E. W., & Wu, A. M. S. (n.d.). Adherence to COVID-19 Precautionary Measures: Applying the Health Belief Model and Generalised Social Beliefs to a Probability Community Sample. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12230
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Letters. (2020, October 11). Resistance to lockdown rules is not just ‘fatigue’ | Letters. The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/11/resistance-to-lockdown-rules-is-not-just-fatigue
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www.irishtimes.com www.irishtimes.com
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Lunn, P. (n.d.). Much of what we think about Covid-19 is wrong. We need to change the conversation. The Irish Times. Retrieved October 12, 2020, from https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/health-family/much-of-what-we-think-about-covid-19-is-wrong-we-need-to-change-the-conversation-1.4375838
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Non-Covid infectious disease cases down in England, data suggests. (2020, October 9). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/oct/09/non-covid-infectious-disease-cases-down-in-england-data-suggests
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Continual lockdowns are not the answer to bringing Covid under control | Devi Sridhar. (2020, October 10). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/oct/10/continual-local-lockdowns-answer-covid-control
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www.thelancet.com www.thelancet.com
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Atlani-Duault, L., Lina, B., Malvy, D., Yazdanpanah, Y., Chauvin, F., & Delfraissy, J.-F. (2020). COVID-19: France grapples with the pragmatics of isolation. The Lancet Public Health, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30235-8
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Davis, N., & Boseley, S. (2020, October 9). Coronavirus: At least three-quarters of people in UK fail to self-isolate. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/09/covid-in-england-latest-figures-suggest
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www.scientificamerican.com www.scientificamerican.com
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Peek, K. (n.d.). Flu Season Never Came to the Southern Hemisphere. Scientific American. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/flu-season-never-came-to-the-southern-hemisphere/
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alama.org.uk alama.org.uk
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Covid-19 Medical Risk Assessment – Alama. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2020, from https://alama.org.uk/covid-19-medical-risk-assessment/
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Friedmann, M. (2020, September 21). City official: 2 Yale students tested positive for COVID after visiting professor’s lecture. New Haven Register. https://www.nhregister.com/news/article/City-official-2-Yale-students-tested-positive-15584946.php
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- Sep 2020
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www.bbc.co.uk www.bbc.co.uk
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Covid: Cardiff and Swansea go into local lockdown—BBC News. (n.d.). Retrieved September 29, 2020, from https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-54310400
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Merrill, K. A., William, T., Joyce, K. M., Roos, L. E., & Protudjer, J. (2020). Potential psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on children: A scoping review of pandemics & epidemics [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ucdg9
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Brooks, L., & Adams, R. (2020, September 24). Hundreds of thousands of students in Scotland banned from socialising. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/education/2020/sep/24/thousands-of-students-in-isolation-at-20-uk-universities
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Manic pixie dream gàidheal✨ on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 28, 2020, from https://twitter.com/nicmharcuis/status/1309599281280679941
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Tim Colbourn on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 26, 2020, from https://twitter.com/timcolbourn/status/1309216048374218761
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Gov’t approves total coronavirus lockdown starting Friday. (n.d.). The Jerusalem Post | JPost.Com. Retrieved September 25, 2020, from https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/coronavirus-cabinet-to-meet-as-daily-cases-spike-to-nearly-7000-643263
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Hamblin, S. by J. (n.d.). How We Survive the Winter. The Atlantic. Retrieved September 22, 2020, from https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/09/how-america-can-survive-the-winter/616401/
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Herd immunity and COVID-19 (coronavirus): What you need to know. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved September 18, 2020, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/in-depth/herd-immunity-and-coronavirus/art-20486808
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r/BehSciAsk—A comprehensive compliance model? (n.d.). Reddit. Retrieved September 17, 2020, from https://www.reddit.com/r/BehSciAsk/comments/itylzl/a_comprehensive_compliance_model/
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Gao, S., Rao, J., Kang, Y., Liang, Y., Kruse, J., Dopfer, D., Sethi, A. K., Reyes, J. F. M., Yandell, B. S., & Patz, J. A. (2020). Association of Mobile Phone Location Data Indications of Travel and Stay-at-Home Mandates With COVID-19 Infection Rates in the US. JAMA Network Open, 3(9), e2020485–e2020485. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20485
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Ehlert, A., Kindschi, M., Algesheimer, R., & Rauhut, H. (2020). Human social preferences cluster and spread in the field. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(37), 22787–22792. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000824117
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usa.streetsblog.org usa.streetsblog.org
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How to Remake Streets for Kids During COVID-19. (2020, September 14). Streetsblog USA. https://usa.streetsblog.org/2020/09/14/how-to-remake-streets-for-kids-during-covid-19/
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www.bloomberg.com www.bloomberg.com
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It’s Hard to Keep a College Safe From Covid, Even With Mass Testing. (2020, September 11). Bloomberg.Com. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-11/how-coronavirus-rampaged-through-university-of-illinois-college-campus
Tags
- lang:en
- testing
- reopening
- case increase
- safety measure
- is:news
- USA
- COVID-19
- closure
- higher education
- crisis management
- university
- strategy
Annotators
URL
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Coronavirus cases are rising again in the UK. Here’s what should happen next | Devi Sridhar. (2020, September 8). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/08/coronavirus-cases-rising-uk-second-wave
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www.itv.com www.itv.com
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Peston, R. (2020, September 7). SAGE scientist warns coronavirus cases “increasing exponentially.” ITV News. https://www.itv.com/news/2020-09-07/exclusive-sage-scientist-tells-peston-coronavirus-cases-increasing-exponentially
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Smith, L. E., Amlôt, R., Lambert, H., Oliver, I., Robin, C., Yardley, L., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). Factors associated with adherence to self-isolation and lockdown measures in the UK; a cross-sectional survey. MedRxiv, 2020.06.01.20119040. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.01.20119040
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Team, I. C.-19 F., & Hay, S. I. (2020). COVID-19 scenarios for the United States. MedRxiv, 2020.07.12.20151191. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.12.20151191
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Sophie Garrett on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 7, 2020, from https://twitter.com/sophigarrett/status/1302391188461322242
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‘Travel and Transportation during the Coronavirus Pandemic | European Commission’. Accessed 7 September 2020. https://ec.europa.eu/info/live-work-travel-eu/health/coronavirus-response/travel-and-transportation-during-coronavirus-pandemic_en#a-common-approach-to-travel-measures.
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Bennhold, K. (2020, August 26). Schools Can Reopen, Germany Finds, but Expect a ‘Roller Coaster.’ The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/26/world/europe/germany-schools-virus-reopening.html
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www.healio.com www.healio.com
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Study of secondary COVID-19 cases underscores importance of physical distancing. (n.d.). Retrieved September 3, 2020, from https://www.healio.com/news/primary-care/20200901/study-of-secondary-covid19-cases-underscores-importance-of-physical-distancing
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Van Bavel, J. J., & Myer, A. (2020). National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ydt95
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Luo, Z., Li, S., Li, N., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Cao, Z., & Ma, Y. (2020). Assessment of Pediatric Outpatient Visits for Notifiable Infectious Diseases in a University Hospital in Beijing During COVID-19. JAMA Network Open, 3(8), e2019224–e2019224. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19224
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Salo, J. (2020, August 27). CDC study reveals evidence of COVID-19 spreading in airplanes. New York Post. https://nypost.com/2020/08/27/cdc-study-reveals-how-coronavirus-can-spread-in-airplanes/
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Scott, S., Rivera, K., Rushing, E., Manczak, E., Rozek, C. S., & Doom, J. (2020). “I hate this”: A qualitative analysis of adolescents’ self-reported challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/4ctb7
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- Aug 2020
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Zheng, Q., Jones, F. K., Leavitt, S. V., Ung, L., Labrique, A. B., Peters, D. H., Lee, E. C., & Azman, A. S. (2020). HIT-COVID, a global database tracking public health interventions to COVID-19. Scientific Data, 7(1), 286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00610-2
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Tybur, J. M., Lieberman, D., Fan, L., Kupfer, T., & de Vries, R. E. (2020). Behavioral immune tradeoffs: Interpersonal value relaxes social pathogen avoidance [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/ec8uw
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6 feet may not always be enough distance to protect from COVID-19. (n.d.). NBC News. Retrieved August 28, 2020, from https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/6-feet-may-not-always-be-enough-distance-protect-covid-n1238083
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Senior, J. (2020, July 21). Opinion | I Spoke With Anthony Fauci. He Says His Inbox Isn’t Pretty. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/21/opinion/anthony-fauci-coronavirus.html
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Adam, D. (2020). A guide to R — the pandemic’s misunderstood metric. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02009-w
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Chang, R., & Velasco, A. (2020). Economic Policy Incentives to Preserve Lives and Livelihoods (Working Paper No. 27020; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27020
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Mitze, T., Kosfeld, R., Rode, J., & Wälde, K. (2020). Face Masks Considerably Reduce COVID-19 Cases in Germany: A Synthetic Control Method Approach. IZA Discussion Paper, 13319.
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Larsen, D., Dinero, R. E., Asiago-Reddy, E., Green, H., Lane, S., Shaw, A., Zeng, T., & Kmush, B. (2020). A review of infectious disease surveillance to inform public health action against the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/uwdr6
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Infectious Disease Response—To see the forest, not just the trees: What differentiated Japan from the Western countries? | Discuss Japan－Japan Foreign Policy Forum. (n.d.). Retrieved July 18, 2020, from https://www.japanpolicyforum.jp/diplomacy/pt20200605162619.html
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Here’s how to stop the virus from winning. (2020, June 26). Science. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/06/how-to-stop-coronavirus-surges-from-winning-the-war-cvd/
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Heywood, A. E., & Macintyre, C. R. (2020). Elimination of COVID-19: What would it look like and is it possible? The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30633-2
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Adam Kucharski on Twitter: “Controlling COVID-19 means reducing interactions between infectious and susceptible people. This can include measures at individual scale (test/trace/isolate), community scale ('local lockdowns’), or national scale (closed borders/traveller quarantines). 1/” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 18, 2020, from https://twitter.com/AdamJKucharski/status/1278700288115986438
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Andy Slavitt @ 🏡 on Twitter: “COVID UPDATE July 13: There are successful examples of taking on COVID-19. And there is one story like no others. New York. 1/” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 17, 2020, from https://twitter.com/ASlavitt/status/1282838738121502720
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Paris, Marseille named as high-risk COVID zones, making curbs likelier. (2020, August 14). Reuters. https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-health-coronavirus-france-idUKKCN25A0LC
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Jarynowski, A., & Płatek, D. (2020). Could Ramadan catalyze or inhibit SARS-CoV-2 spread? Preliminary results [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/725dv
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Gavin Newsom on Twitter: “NEW: #COVID19 cases continue to spread at alarming rates. CA is now closing indoor operations STATEWIDE for: -Restaurants -Wineries -Movie theaters, family entertainment -Zoos, museums -Cardrooms Bars must close ALL operations.” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 18, 2020, from https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1282752861835649024
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“It’s in the genes”: New Orleans culture marches on despite the pandemic. (2020, June 26). History. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/2020/06/new-orleans-culture-marches-on-despite-pandemic/
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Barnes, B. (2020, July 8). Disney World Draws Excitement and Incredulity as Reopening Nears. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/08/business/coronavirus-disney-world-reopening.html
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Chowdhury, R., Luhar, S., Khan, N., Choudhury, S. R., Matin, I., & Franco, O. H. (2020). Lifting the lockdown: What are the options for low and middle-income countries? [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/yu5br
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Cronin, C. J., & Evans, W. N. (2020). Private Precaution and Public Restrictions: What Drives Social Distancing and Industry Foot Traffic in the COVID-19 Era? (Working Paper No. 27531; Working Paper Series). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27531
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Stutt, R. O. J. H., Retkute, R., Bradley, M., Gilligan, C. A., & Colvin, J. (2020). A modelling framework to assess the likely effectiveness of facemasks in combination with ‘lock-down’ in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 476(2238), 20200376. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0376
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